High-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder protection device with function of eliminating and monitoring leaked hydrogen

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder protection device with functions of eliminating and monitoring leaked hydrogen. The high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder protection device comprises a double-layer hollow protection shell with holes, a supporting plate with holes inside and a hydrogen leakage detection alarm device installed inside the protection shell. The catalyst coating capable of efficiently eliminating leaked hydrogen is prepared, can be coated on a shell layer or a wall surface of a protection device in a spraying or painting manner, and is high in adhesive force and simple to operate; the protective shell is made of an aluminum alloy plate with holes, the protective shell is light in weight and has a buffering effect, damage to the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle caused by collision, extrusion and the like can be effectively avoided, meanwhile, the alarm device gives an alarm once detecting hydrogen leakage, and the safety of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle in the using process is effectively guaranteed. The protection device is wide in application, can be arranged in any combustible gas storage and transportation device or place through slight change, and can effectively protect, monitor and eliminate leaked combustible gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen safety, and particularly relates to a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder protection device with the functions of eliminating and monitoring leaked hydrogen. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen, as a zero-carbon energy source with a high energy density, is regarded as an ideal future energy source. However, the special physical properties of hydrogen make it exist in gaseous form during production, storage, transportation, filling, and use processes. Especially during the storage and transportation process, high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders are used as carriers. At the same time, various physical and chemical properties of hydrogen itself, such as low ignition energy (0.019 mJ), large explosion limit range (4% - 75%), and high combustion heat, etc., result in faster leakage and combustion speeds of hydrogen compared to other combustibles. Therefore, once a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder leaks, it will cause great harm. In summary, solving the leakage risk of high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders during use is one of the key technologies indispensable for the large-scale application of hydrogen energy in daily life in the future.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for treating waste hydrogen are dilution method, hydrogen-oxygen combustion method, and catalytic recombination method. Once a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder leaks, it is often in a high-speed jet state, releasing a large amount of hydrogen in a short time. This requires the device for eliminating the leakage of high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders to have the ability to immediately treat a large amount of hydrogen. Some invention patents for treating waste hydrogen have been reported previously. For example, invention patents CN101409353B and CN103474685A dilute hydrogen in a large amount of air to below the explosion limit and then discharge it into the atmosphere. It is found that although hydrogen itself is not a greenhouse gas, the reaction of hydrogen in the atmosphere can change the abundance of greenhouse gases. Therefore, this kind of dilution method will also cause environmental problems. Invention patent ZL201610936892.5 uses the catalytic combustion method to directly burn and eliminate the leaked hydrogen, but the combustion method is prone to cause a chain reaction and get out of control when treating leaked hydrogen, with the risk of explosion. In summary, the catalytic hydrogen-oxygen recombination method is currently the most ideal method for eliminating leaked hydrogen. And the probability of leakage of the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder itself during use is extremely small. The occurrence of leakage events is often caused by external force collision and extrusion, resulting in the rupture of the hydrogen storage cylinder body and then the leakage of internal hydrogen. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a device that can effectively protect the body of the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder in case of a collision accident and has the ability to effectively eliminate the leaked hydrogen once a serious accident leads to a leakage event.

[0004] To address the above problems, this patent uses lightweight aluminum alloy material to prepare a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the functions of eliminating and monitoring leaked hydrogen. Its double-layer hollow perforated aluminum alloy protective shell and internal support plate are lightweight and have a buffering effect, which can effectively protect the internal high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle in case of a collision accident; at the same time, a colloidal solution hydrogen elimination catalyst with two-dimensional material MXene as the carrier is developed. This catalyst can be coated on the inner part of the double-layer hollow protective shell by spraying or painting, with simple and convenient operation and excellent hydrogen elimination performance, so that leaked hydrogen can be eliminated even in case of a major accident, further ensuring the safety of the hydrogen storage bottle. This invention is a further expansion and improvement based on the inventor's prior application. The name of the prior application is: High-pressure hydrogen bottle protection shell based on the hydrogen elimination function of a wire mesh reactor, and the application number is 2022103990262. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.

[0006] In view of the current blank in the research on high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection devices, this invention patent proposes to use lightweight aluminum alloy material to prepare a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the functions of eliminating and monitoring leaked hydrogen. Its double-layer hollow perforated aluminum alloy protective shell and internal support plate are lightweight and have a buffering effect, which can effectively protect the internal high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle in case of a collision accident; at the same time, a colloidal solution hydrogen elimination catalyst with two-dimensional material MXene as the carrier is developed. This catalyst can be coated on the inner part of the double-layer hollow protective shell by spraying or painting to achieve efficient elimination of leaked hydrogen. Compared with traditional coating processes, the coating method of this catalyst is simple and efficient; hydrogen detectors and alarms distributed and installed inside the double-layer hollow protective shell can detect leaks and trigger alarms in the first time.

[0007] To achieve these and other advantages according to the present invention, there is provided a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the functions of eliminating and monitoring leaked hydrogen, including:

[0008] A double-layer hollow perforated protective shell, which is an openable and combinable structure, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is installed inside the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell; a hydrogen elimination catalyst coating is coated on the inner surface of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell;

[0009] Multiple hydrogen detectors, which are installed at intervals on the inner layer of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell.

[0010] Preferably, one side of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell is provided with a hinge, and the other side is provided with a buckle to realize the openable and combinable structure of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell.

[0011] Preferably, an internal support plate is arranged in the interlayer of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell. Openings are provided on the internal support plate, and the surface of the internal support plate is coated with the hydrogen-consuming catalyst coating.

[0012] Preferably, a filling medium with pores is filled in the interlayer of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell outside the internal support plate; a plurality of cylinder fixing mechanisms are arranged in the inner cavity of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell.

[0013] Preferably, a connection protection port is arranged at the top of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell. The connection protection port and the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell are of an integral structure, and the connection protection port communicates with the inner cavity of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell.

[0014] Preferably, the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell and the internal support plate are made of aluminum alloy plates, and the openings are evenly distributed. An alarm connected to a plurality of the hydrogen detectors is arranged on the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell.

[0015] Preferably, the manufacturing method of the hydrogen-consuming catalyst coating comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step (1): Take an appropriate amount of multi-layer two-dimensional material and put it into a beaker, add deionized water and stir evenly.

[0017] Step (2): Put the beaker into an ultrasonic cleaner to separate the multi-layer structure of the two-dimensional material into a single-layer structure.

[0018] Step (3): Take out the ultrasonicated two-dimensional material and put it into a container to prepare an aqueous solution and place it on a stirring table. Control the temperature of the two-dimensional material, add an active component with Pt ions under stirring, and then add a dispersant, and stir the solution evenly.

[0019] Step (4): Add a strong reducing agent to the stirring solution, then mix and stir the solution to reduce Pt in the solution.

[0020] Step (5): Divide the reduced solution into centrifuge tubes for centrifugation to remove impurities. The catalyst of the centrifuged solution is at the bottom layer, and the upper layer is a clear liquid. Pour out the upper layer liquid, add deionized water again, shake well and then centrifuge, repeat multiple times until the excess impurities in the catalyst are removed.

[0021] Step (6): Re-add the prepared catalyst to deionized water, shake and stir evenly to form a colloidal solution. By adjusting the viscosity of the colloidal solution, spray or brush the catalyst onto the inner surface of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell and the surface of the internal support plate, and wait for natural drying to form the hydrogen-consuming catalyst coating.

[0022] Preferably, in the step (1), the two-dimensional material includes but is not limited to multi-layer Ti3C2 and graphene; in the step (3), the active component can be a metal precursor of different catalytic systems, including but not limited to H2PtCl6·6H2O and Pd(NO3)2·2H2O, and the dispersant is polyvinylpyrrolidone with a molecular weight of 10,000; in the step (4), the reducing agent includes but is not limited to NaBH4.

[0023] Preferably, in the step (2), the ultrasonic cleaner is used for 1 - 15 min; in the step (3), the temperature of the two-dimensional material is controlled at 50°C - 90°C, and the stirring speed is 500 rpm - 1500 rpm; in the step (4), the solution is mixed and stirred for 0.5 - 5 hours; in the step (5), the centrifugation speed is 3000 rpm - 20000 rpm, and the time is 1 min - 30 min.

[0024] Preferably, in the step (3), the addition amount of the active component is calculated based on the Pt loading in the final product being 1 wt% - 5 wt%; in the step (4), the addition amount of the strong reducing agent is calculated based on the mass ratio of the strong reducing agent to the active component being 1:1 - 10.

[0025] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This invention patent uses lightweight aluminum alloy material to prepare a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the functions of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage. Structurally, it adopts a double-layer hollow and perforated design, and the inside is connected by a support plate, which not only reduces the weight but also increases the buffering effect, and can effectively protect the internal high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle when a collision accident occurs. At the same time, other protective materials can also be filled inside the double-layer hollow shell to achieve the best protection effect. Secondly, the hydrogen detectors and alarms distributed and installed inside the double-layer hollow protective shell can detect leakage and trigger an alarm in the first time.

[0027] 2. The present invention also develops a hydrogen elimination catalyst in the form of a colloidal solution with two-dimensional material MXene as the carrier. This colloidal solution catalyst can be coated inside the double-layer hollow protective shell by spraying or painting. Compared with the traditional coating process, this catalyst coating method is simple and efficient, and has excellent catalytic hydrogen elimination performance. The colloidal catalyst proposed by the present invention is significantly different from the prior art. The colloidal catalyst of the present invention is convenient for spraying or painting on the carrier. Not only is the coating method of the catalyst simpler and more convenient, but also the coating is more uniform. The Pt dispersion performance in the catalyst is better and the specific surface area is larger, which improves the adsorption effect of the catalyst on the leaked hydrogen. This catalyst can also be used in other hydrogen source occasions, such as nuclear power plants and hydrogen refueling stations, and can be coated on the inner walls of the places. When an accident occurs, it can effectively eliminate the leaked hydrogen and avoid explosion incidents.

[0028] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be partially reflected in the following description and partially understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a graph showing the results of hydrogen consumption performance tests in two embodiments of the colloidal Pt / MXene catalyst prepared by the present invention and simulating hydrogen leakage inside the protection device;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder protection device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a side view of the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder protection device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder protection device at the A-A position of the present invention;

[0033] Wherein: 1 - alarm, 2 - hydrogen detector, 3 - connecting hinge, 4 - double-layer hollow perforated protective shell, 5 - inner aluminum alloy plate holes, 6 - cylinder fixing device, 7 - horizontal support plate, 8 - hollow interlayer, 9 - fixing buckle, 10 - outer aluminum alloy plate holes, 11 - vertical support plate, 12 - cylinder fixing space, 13 - connecting protection port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description in the specification.

[0035] It should be understood that the terms such as "having", "comprising", and "including" used in this patent do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or their combinations.

[0036] As Figure 2-4 shown, the present invention provides a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder protection device with the functions of eliminating and monitoring leaked hydrogen, including a double-layer hollow perforated protective shell 4 and internal support plates, a hydrogen detector 2 installed inside the protective shell, and a high-efficiency hydrogen-consuming catalyst coating coated on the inner surface of the inner layer of the protective shell and the surface of the support plates; the internal support plates include horizontally arranged horizontal support plates 7 and vertically arranged vertical support plates 11 that are staggered to enhance the structural strength of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell 4.

[0037] Both the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell 4 and the internal support plates are made of lightweight aluminum alloy plates and are perforated at equal intervals to achieve the effects of weight reduction and increased buffering; as shown in the figure, the inner layer of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell is provided with inner aluminum alloy plate holes 5, and the outer layer is provided with outer aluminum alloy plate holes 10.

[0038] The housing of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell 4 uses hinge combinations, so it has an opening and closing function. Specifically, a connecting hinge 3 is provided on one side of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell 4, and a fixed buckle 9 is provided on the other side to realize the opening and closing combined structure of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell.

[0039] A connection protection port 13 is reserved at the top to facilitate the connection between the outlet of the hydrogen cylinder and the external connection; three cylinder fixing devices 6 are arranged inside the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell 4 to fix the hydrogen cylinder inside the protection device firmly and stably; when in use, open the protection device and place the high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder in the cavity of the protective shell, that is, in the cylinder fixing space 12, and then close the protection device and fix it tightly with a buckle.

[0040] The present invention is provided with 1 alarm 1 and 6 hydrogen detectors 2. The hydrogen detectors 2 are distributed and installed inside the protective shell, 2 are installed at the middle position of the cylinder body, 2 are installed at the upper position of the cylinder body, and 2 are installed inside the protective shell of the bottle mouth, and are connected to the alarm 1 through wires;

[0041] The alarm is powered by a battery and installed on the top of the protection device and a layer of protective shell is installed on the periphery. Once the alarm receives the signal transmitted by the hydrogen detector, it triggers an alarm.

[0042] The high-efficiency hydrogen-consuming catalyst coating is loaded on the inner surfaces of the perforated lightweight aluminum alloy protective shell and the support plate by spraying or painting. In the present invention, the inner surface of the inner layer of the protective shell and the surface of the internal support plate are both coated with the Pt / MXene hydrogen-consuming catalyst to eliminate the hydrogen that may leak.

[0043] Other media can also be filled in the interlayer of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell 4, including but not limited to high-porosity media such as foam plastics and foam metals, to increase the protection ability for the internal cylinder.

[0044] The method for manufacturing the high-efficiency hydrogen-consuming catalyst coating coated on the inner surfaces of the double-layer protective shell and the support plate includes the following steps:

[0045] Step (1), take an appropriate amount of LiF-etched multi-layer MXene (Ti3C2) two-dimensional material and put it into a beaker, and add deionized water and stir evenly;

[0046] Step (2), put the beaker into an ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonicate for 5 minutes to separate the MXene material from a multi-layer structure into a single-layer structure;

[0047] Step (3), take out the MXene material after ultrasound and put it into a container to prepare an aqueous solution and place it on a stirring table, control the temperature to 80°C, add the active component H2PtCl6·6H2O (the amount added is calculated based on the Pt loading of 2.5wt% in the final product) under stirring (800rpm), and then add a dispersant PVP (polyvinyl pyrrolidone) with a molecular weight of 10000, and the amount added is 0.2wt% of the total mass of the slurry at this time, and then stir the solution evenly;

[0048] Step (4), adding a strong reducing agent NaBH4 to the stirring solution, the added amount being NaBH4:H2PtCl6·6H2O=1:5 (note: a large amount of gas will be generated after the addition of sodium borohydride, and the container should be kept open to prevent explosion), and then mixing and stirring the solution for 2 hours to fully reduce the Pt in the solution;

[0049] Step (5), the reduced solution is divided into centrifuge tubes and placed in a centrifuge to remove impurities. The centrifugation parameters are 8000rpm and the time is 10min. After centrifugation, the catalyst in the solution is at the bottom layer, and the upper layer is a clear liquid. The upper layer liquid is poured out and re-added with deionized water. After shaking, it is placed in a centrifuge again. Repeat three times to remove excess impurities in the catalyst. In this way, the catalyst is successfully prepared and retained for future use;

[0050] Step (6), add the prepared catalyst back into deionized water and shake and stir evenly. Because the solution of MXene dissolved in water is in the form of colloid, it has adhesion ability. The viscosity of the colloid solution can be adjusted by spraying or painting it on the wall of the reactor. After natural drying, a catalyst coating with high efficiency in dehydrogenation ability is formed.

[0051] The function of the dispersant in step (3) is to evenly disperse the active components on the surface of the two-dimensional material to increase the catalytic performance. The function of the reducing agent in step (4) is to completely reduce the active metal in the precursor dispersed on the surface of the two-dimensional material into a metal element, thereby having catalytic activity.

[0052] The invention uses a lightweight aluminum alloy material to make a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage. Its double-layer hollow porous structure design is lightweight and has an impact-resistant effect. Even if a serious accident causes hydrogen leakage, the two-dimensional material MXene hydrogen elimination catalyst coated inside can also effectively eliminate the leaked hydrogen to ensure the safety of hydrogen use.

[0053] In order to facilitate testing of the hydrogen removal effect of the product of the present invention, two groups of hydrogen removal performance tests were designed under different reaction conditions to simulate hydrogen leakage.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] Pt / MXene powder catalyst preparation:

[0056] Add 0.5 g of two-dimensional material MXene to 140 ml of deionized water, stir evenly, and then sonicate for 5 min. Subsequently, place the sonicated solution on an oil bath stirring table, set the temperature to 80 °C and the rotation speed to 800 rpm, add 20 ml of H2PtCl6·6H2O solution and 20 mg of PVP dispersant with a molecular weight of 10,000. After stirring for 10 min, add 100 mg of NaBH4 reducing agent, and stir and react for 2 hours while keeping the opening state. After the reaction is completed, let the solution stand at room temperature for 30 min, and then load it into a centrifuge tube and centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 10 min. After centrifugation, pour off the supernatant and retain the catalyst at the bottom. Then add deionized water, shake evenly, and centrifuge repeatedly three times to ensure that all impurities are removed. Finally, place the centrifuge tube in an oven and dry it at 60 °C for 2 hours. After the catalyst is completely dry, scrape out the catalyst and grind it into powder, and finally conduct the hydrogen elimination performance test.

[0057] Performance verification 1

[0058] Experimental conditions: The reaction gas composition is 2% H2 and 98% Air. The reaction gas is dried, the reaction temperature is 313 K, and the space velocity is set to 10000 ml g -1 h -1 , and a fixed-bed reactor is used to test the catalytic performance. The reaction tail gas is detected by an on-line chromatograph, and the first data point is measured 10 min after the mixed gas is connected to the reactor. Within 150 min of the reaction, the hydrogen concentration at the reactor outlet is maintained below 400 ppm, the hydrogen conversion rate is above 98%, and the hydrogen elimination performance is excellent and stable. The experimental results are as Figure 1 .

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Preparation of Pt / MXene catalyst coating:

[0061] Add 0.5 g of two-dimensional material MXene to 140 ml of deionized water, stir evenly, and then sonicate for 5 min. Subsequently, place the sonicated solution on an oil bath stirring table, set the temperature to 80 °C and the rotation speed to 800 rpm, add 20 ml of H2PtCl6·6H2O solution and 20 mg of PVP dispersant with a molecular weight of 10,000. After stirring for 10 min, add 100 mg of NaBH4 reducing agent, and stir and react for 2 hours while keeping the opening state. After the reaction is completed, let the solution stand at room temperature for 30 min, and then load it into a centrifuge tube and centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 10 min. After centrifugation, pour off the supernatant and retain the catalyst at the bottom. Then add deionized water, shake evenly, and centrifuge repeatedly three times to ensure that all impurities are removed. Finally, add the washed catalyst to deionized water, shake evenly, and use a soft brush to coat it on the surface of the perforated aluminum alloy to simulate the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank protection device of this invention patent. After the catalyst is completely dry, conduct the hydrogen elimination performance test.

[0062] Performance verification 2

[0063] Experimental conditions: The reaction gas composition is 2% H2 and 98% Air. The reaction gas is dried. The reaction temperature is 313 K, and the space velocity is set at 10000 ml g -1 h -1 , and a polytetrafluoroethylene tube is used to directly blow the hydrogen-oxygen mixture onto the surface of the perforated aluminum alloy plate coated with the hydrogen-consuming catalyst to simulate the leakage state of a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder. The reaction tail gas is detected by an on-line chromatograph. The first data point is measured 10 min after the mixture is connected to the reactor. Within 150 min of the reaction, the hydrogen concentration at the reactor outlet is maintained below 700 ppm, the hydrogen conversion rate is above 96%, and the hydrogen-consuming performance is excellent and stable. The experimental results are as Figure 1 .

[0064] As described above, the present invention patent uses a lightweight aluminum alloy material to prepare a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder protection device with the functions of eliminating and monitoring leaked hydrogen. The structure adopts a double-layer hollow and perforated design, and internal support plates are used for connection, which not only reduces the weight but also increases the buffering effect, and can effectively protect the internal high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder when a collision accident occurs. At the same time, other protective materials can be filled inside the double-layer hollow shell to achieve the best protection effect. Secondly, the hydrogen detectors and alarms distributed and installed inside the double-layer hollow protective shell can detect leakage and trigger an alarm in the first time.

[0065] The present invention also develops a colloidal solution hydrogen-consuming catalyst with a two-dimensional material MXene as the carrier. The colloidal solution catalyst can be coated inside the double-layer hollow protective shell by spraying or painting. Compared with the traditional coating process, the catalyst coating method is simple and efficient, and the catalytic hydrogen-consuming performance is excellent. The colloidal catalyst proposed by the present invention is significantly different from the prior art. The colloidal catalyst of the present invention is convenient for spraying or painting on the carrier. Not only is the catalyst coating method simpler and more convenient, but also the coating is more uniform. The Pt dispersion performance in the catalyst is better and the specific surface area is larger, which improves the adsorption effect of the catalyst on the leaked hydrogen. In the prior art, for example, the applicant's prior application with the name: High-pressure hydrogen cylinder protection shell based on the hydrogen-consuming function of a wire mesh reactor, application number: 2022103990262, requires a carrier to load the catalyst, and then the carrier is filled into the protective shell, and the process is complex.

[0066] The catalyst can also be used in other hydrogen source occasions, such as nuclear power plants, hydrogen refueling stations, etc., and is coated on the inner wall of the site. When an accident occurs, it can effectively eliminate the leaked hydrogen and avoid explosion incidents.

[0067] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the preparation of a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder protection device with the functions of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage according to the present invention is simple. The double-layer hollow perforated aluminum alloy plate is light in weight and has a buffering effect against impact, with excellent protection performance. In addition, the developed colloidal Pt / MXene hydrogen elimination catalyst coating has a simple preparation process and can be easily coated inside the protection device or other equipment and places prone to hydrogen leakage, showing great potential in ensuring hydrogen energy safety.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrated examples here.

Claims

1. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage, characterized in that: include: A double-layer hollow perforated protective shell is an open-and-closed combined structure, in which a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is installed; a hydrogen removal catalyst coating is coated on the inner surface of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell; A plurality of hydrogen gas detectors are installed at intervals on the inner layer of a double-layer hollow protective shell with holes.

2. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A hinge is arranged on one side of the double-layer hollow protective shell with holes, and a buckle is arranged on the other side to realize an open and close combination structure of the double-layer hollow protective shell with holes.

3. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An internal support plate is arranged in the interlayer of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell, the internal support plate is provided with openings, and the surface of the internal support plate is coated with the hydrogen removal catalyst coating.

4. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The interlayer of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell outside the internal support plate is filled with a filling medium with pores; and a plurality of steel cylinder fixing mechanisms are arranged in the inner cavity of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell.

5. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A connection protection port is provided on the top of the double-layer hollow protective shell with holes. The connection protection port and the double-layer hollow protective shell with holes are an integrated structure, and the connection protection port is connected to the inner cavity of the double-layer hollow protective shell with holes.

6. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The double-layer hollow perforated protective shell and the internal support plate are made of aluminum alloy plates, and the openings are evenly distributed. The double-layer hollow perforated protective shell is provided with an alarm connected to the plurality of hydrogen detectors.

7. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The method for preparing the hydrogen removal catalyst coating comprises the following steps: Step (1), put an appropriate amount of multilayer two-dimensional material into a beaker, add deionized water and stir evenly; Step (2), placing the beaker into an ultrasonic cleaning machine to separate the two-dimensional material from a multi-layer structure into a single-layer structure; Step (3), taking out the two-dimensional material after ultrasound and placing it in a container to prepare an aqueous solution and placing it on a stirring table, controlling the temperature of the two-dimensional material, adding an active component with Pt ions under stirring, and then adding a dispersant, and stirring the solution evenly; Step (4), adding a strong reducing agent to the stirring solution, and then mixing and stirring the solution to reduce the Pt in the solution; Step (5), the reduced solution is divided into centrifuge tubes for centrifugation to remove impurities. After centrifugation, the catalyst in the solution is at the bottom and the upper layer is a clear liquid. The upper layer liquid is poured out and re-added with deionized water. After shaking, it is centrifuged again, and the process is repeated several times until the excess impurities in the catalyst are removed; Step (6), adding the prepared catalyst back into deionized water and stirring to form a colloidal solution, spraying or painting the catalyst onto the inner surface of the double-layer hollow perforated protective shell and the inner support plate by adjusting the viscosity of the colloidal solution, and forming the dehydrogenation catalyst coating after natural drying.

8. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step (1), the two-dimensional material includes but is not limited to multilayer Ti3C2 and graphene; in step (3), the active component can be selected from metal precursors of different catalytic systems, including but not limited to H2PtCl6·6H2O and Pd(NO3)2·2H2O, and the dispersant is polyvinyl pyrrolidone with a molecular weight of 10,000; in step (4), the reducing agent includes but is not limited to NaBH4.

9. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: In the step (2), the ultrasonic cleaning machine is used for 1-15 minutes; in the step (3), the temperature of the two-dimensional material is controlled at 50°C-90°C, and the stirring speed is 500rpm-1500rpm; in the step (4), the solution is mixed and stirred for 0.5-5 hours; in the step (5), the centrifugal speed is 3000rpm-20000rpm, and the time is 1min-30min.

10. A high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle protection device with the function of eliminating and monitoring hydrogen leakage as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The amount of active component added in step (3) is calculated based on the Pt loading in the final product being 1wt%-5wt%; the amount of strong reducing agent added in step (4) is calculated based on the mass ratio of strong reducing agent:active component being 1:1-10.

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