Cooling device and method adopting four-stage ammonia water circulation based on ship power waste heat

Abstract

The invention provides a cooling device and method adopting four-stage ammonia water circulation based on ship power waste heat, the device comprises a machine shell and a heat exchange mechanism, the upper surface of the machine shell fixedly communicates with an ammonia gas guide pipe, the right side face of the machine shell fixedly communicates with an ammonia water inlet pipe, the heat exchange mechanism comprises a connecting shell, and the connecting shell is fixedly connected with the machine shell; waste gas can enter the heat exchange pipe through the waste gas inlet pipe, heat exchange is carried out on the waste gas through the heat exchange pipe, ammonia water in the machine shell is evaporated, backflow can be carried out in the waste gas flowing process through the backflow pipe, and meanwhile secondary heat exchange is carried out in cooperation with the backflow pipe; the air conditioner can be matched with the exhaust pipe to conduct third heat exchange when the air is exhausted, through linkage of the temperature sensor and the second electromagnetic valve, waste gas enters the machine shell again, waste heat is recycled again, then the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the heat exchange efficiency of the waste gas and ammonia water is improved, and therefore the better refrigeration effect can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ship energy conservation, and particularly relates to a cooling device and method based on four-stage ammonia-water cycle using ship power waste heat. Background Art

[0002] As the core power source of a ship, a diesel engine generates a large amount of heat energy during its operation. Among them, a part of the heat energy is converted into power output, and its thermal efficiency is about 50%. However, the remaining heat energy is often dissipated through the exhaust gas and cooling water systems, resulting in a large amount of energy not being effectively utilized. Usually, the exhaust gas temperature is around 320 - 400°C. In addition, the temperature of the diesel engine cooling water is around 80 - 90°C.

[0003] Therefore, effectively utilizing the waste heat during ship operation is crucial for reducing transportation costs and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction. Currently, for the technical research on waste heat recovery and utilization, domestic and foreign scholars mainly explore means such as Rankine cycle, seawater desalination, and waste heat refrigeration. Among them, the waste heat can be used as the heat source for an adsorption refrigerant. The working temperature range of the ammonia-water absorption refrigeration system is usually between -20°C and 0°C, enabling the use of ships with cold storage and refrigerated fresh-keeping functions. Although this method utilizes part of the residual temperature of the exhaust gas to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction, it is limited by low efficiency in heat exchange and high operating costs, making it difficult to be popularized on a large scale.

[0004] However, when the current ammonia-water refrigeration device is in use, due to the large exhaust gas displacement of the ship engine, when the exhaust gas passes through the refrigeration device, if the heat exchange efficiency between the exhaust gas and ammonia water is low, it will lead to incomplete utilization of the exhaust gas waste heat, resulting in poor refrigeration effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling device and method based on four-stage ammonia-water cycle using ship power waste heat to solve the problem of low heat exchange efficiency between the exhaust gas and ammonia water in the above-mentioned technology, and further improve the utilization of exhaust gas waste heat.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A cooling device based on waste heat of ship power and adopting a four-stage ammonia-water cycle, including a casing. An heat exchange mechanism is installed inside the casing. The casing is provided with an ammonia pipeline and an ammonia-water inlet pipe. The heat exchange mechanism includes a sealed casing installed on one side of the casing. One end of the sealed casing is communicated with an exhaust gas inlet pipe, and the other end of the sealed casing is communicated with one end of a group of heat exchange tubes installed inside the casing. N groups of return pipes are fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes. The other end of the heat exchange tubes is communicated with a shunt box. The shunt box is communicated with an exhaust pipe and one end of a bent pipe. The other end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with a connection shell. The connection shell is communicated with one end of a three-way pipe. The other two ends of the three-way pipe are respectively connected with a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve. The output end of the second solenoid valve is communicated with one end of the bent pipe. The other end of the bent pipe is communicated with the shunt box.

[0008] Further, the input port and the output port of the return pipe are located inside the heat exchange tube. A support ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. The support ring blocks the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas enters the return pipe. The support ring is connected with a fixed ring, and the fixed ring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube to keep the support ring stable.

[0009] Further, the input port of the return pipe is located on one side of the support ring in the exhaust gas input direction, and the output port of the return pipe is located on one side of the support ring in the exhaust gas output direction.

[0010] Further, each group of the return pipes is arranged in an annular shape at equal intervals.

[0011] Further, a perforated support plate is sleeved on the outer surface of the bent pipe, and the bottom surface of the perforated support plate is fixedly connected with the inner bottom wall of the casing.

[0012] Further, a temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connection shell.

[0013] Further, the casing is provided with a controller and an observation window.

[0014] Further, two groups of support feet are provided below the casing, and the upper surface of each support foot is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the casing.

[0015] Further, the two exhaust gas inlet pipes are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the bent pipe.

[0016] The present invention may further include:

[0017] A cooling method for the above-mentioned cooling device based on waste heat of ship power and adopting a four-stage ammonia-water cycle, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] The waste gas enters the interior of the sealed housing through the waste gas inlet pipe, and then the waste gas enters the interior of the heat exchange tube through the sealed housing. The waste gas exchanges heat with the ammonia water through the heat exchange tube. During the flow of the waste gas, the waste gas is blocked by the support ring so that the waste gas can enter the reflux pipe. During the flow of the waste gas in the reflux pipe, the waste gas can perform secondary heat exchange with the ammonia water through the reflux pipe. As the waste gas enters the interior of the shunt box, the shunt box can exchange heat with the ammonia water again. When the waste gas flows through the exhaust pipe, it can exchange heat with the ammonia water again. As the waste gas enters the connection housing, the temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature of the waste gas. When the temperature is relatively high, the first solenoid valve can be closed in cooperation with the controller, and at the same time the second solenoid valve is opened, so that the waste gas enters the interior of the device again through the elbow pipe, and the ammonia water exchanges heat with the elbow pipe to make full use of the residual heat of the waste gas.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] In the present invention, the waste gas inlet pipe is provided to enable the waste gas to enter the interior of the heat exchange tube. The waste gas is heat-exchanged through the heat exchange tube to evaporate the ammonia water inside the casing. And through the reflux pipe, the waste gas can flow back during the flow of the waste gas, and at the same time cooperate with the reflux pipe for secondary heat exchange. The exhaust pipe can perform a third heat exchange when discharging the gas, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, improving the heat exchange efficiency between the waste gas and the ammonia water, and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the waste heat of the waste gas, so as to ensure the refrigeration effect. And through the temperature sensor, when the waste gas is discharged, the temperature of the waste gas can be sensed, so that the controller can close the first solenoid valve and open the second solenoid valve at the same time when the temperature sensor senses a relatively high temperature, so that the waste gas enters the interior of the casing again to recycle the waste heat again.

[0021] In the present invention, through the linkage of the temperature sensor and the second solenoid valve, the waste gas enters the interior of the casing again to recycle the waste heat again, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Attached Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the first perspective of the present invention.

[0023] Attached Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the second perspective of the present invention.

[0024] Attached Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention from a top view angle.

[0025] Attached Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention from a front view angle.

[0026] Attached Figure 5 is attached Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of A in

[0027] In the attached drawings, each reference numeral represents the following:

[0028] 1. Housing; 101. Observation window; 102. Controller; 103. Support feet; 2. Ammonia conduit; 3. Heat exchange mechanism; 301. Connection shell; 302. Three-way pipe; 303. First solenoid valve; 304. Second solenoid valve; 305. Sealing shell; 306. Elbow pipe; 307. Exhaust gas inlet pipe; 308. Exhaust pipe; 309. Return pipe; 310. Diverting box; 311. Temperature sensor; 312. Heat exchange pipe; 313. Support ring; 314. Fixed ring; 4. Ammonia water inlet pipe; 5. Perforated support plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the attached drawings.

[0030] The present invention provides a cooling device based on ship power waste heat using a four-stage ammonia water cycle, as shown in the attached Figures 1-4 drawing. It includes a housing 1, inside which a heat exchange mechanism 3 is installed. The housing 1 is provided with an ammonia conduit 2 and an ammonia water inlet pipe 4. The heat exchange mechanism 3 includes a sealing shell 305 installed on one side of the housing 1. One end of the sealing shell 305 is communicated with the exhaust gas inlet pipe 307, and the other end of the sealing shell 305 is communicated with one end of a group of heat exchange pipes 312 installed inside the housing 1. N groups of return pipes 309 are fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the heat exchange pipes 312. The other end of the heat exchange pipes 312 is communicated with a diverting box 310. The diverting box 310 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 308 and one end of an elbow pipe 306. The other end of the exhaust pipe 308 is communicated with a connection shell 301. The connection shell 301 is communicated with one end of a three-way pipe 302. The other two ends of the three-way pipe 302 are respectively connected to a first solenoid valve 303 and a second solenoid valve 304. The output end of the second solenoid valve 304 is communicated with one end of the elbow pipe 306. The other end of the elbow pipe 306 is communicated with the diverting box 310.

[0031] In this embodiment, a controller 102 is fixedly connected to the front surface of the housing 1, an ammonia conduit 2 is fixedly communicated with the upper surface of the housing 1, and an ammonia water inlet pipe 4 is fixedly communicated with the right side surface of the housing 1.

[0032] The heat exchange mechanism 3 includes a connecting shell 301. The right side surface of the connecting shell 301 is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the machine shell 1. The left side surface of the connecting shell 301 is fixedly communicated with a tee pipe 302. The left end of the tee pipe 302 is fixedly communicated with a first solenoid valve 303. The bottom end of the tee pipe 302 is fixedly communicated with a second solenoid valve 304. The output end of the second solenoid valve 304 is fixedly communicated with an elbow pipe 306. The left side surface of the machine shell 1 is fixedly connected with a sealing shell 305. The left side surface of the sealing shell 305 is fixedly communicated with two exhaust gas inlet pipes 307. The inner wall of the machine shell 1 is fixedly connected with a shunt box 310. The left side surface of the shunt box 310 is fixedly communicated with a group of heat exchange pipes 312. The left end of each heat exchange pipe 312 penetrates through the machine shell 1 and extends into the interior of the sealing shell 305. The right end of the elbow pipe 306 penetrates through the machine shell 1 and is fixedly communicated with the left side surface of the shunt box 310.

[0033] In this embodiment, the input port and the output port of the return pipe 309 are located inside the heat exchange pipe 312. The inner wall of the heat exchange pipe 312 is fixedly connected with a support ring 313. The support ring blocks the exhaust gas, enabling the exhaust gas to enter the return pipe 309. The support ring is connected to a fixed ring 314, and the fixed ring 314 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe 312, keeping the support ring 313 stable.

[0034] The input port of the return pipe 309 is located on one side of the support ring 313 in the exhaust gas input direction, and the output port of the return pipe 309 is located on one side of the support ring 313 in the exhaust gas output direction.

[0035] Each group of the return pipes 309 is arranged in an annular shape at equal intervals.

[0036] A group of return pipes 309 is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of each heat exchange pipe 312. The number can be N, such as 3, 4, 5, etc. The left side surface of the shunt box 310 is fixedly communicated with an exhaust pipe 308. The left end of the exhaust pipe 308 penetrates through the machine shell 1 and is fixedly connected to the right side surface of the connecting shell 301.

[0037] As shown in the Figure 1 attached figure, two observation windows 101 are fixedly inlaid on the front surface of the machine shell 1 in this embodiment. The two observation windows 101 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the controller 102. The ammonia water can be observed through the observation windows 101 to facilitate understanding of the internal condition of the machine shell 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, two groups of support feet 103 are provided below the machine shell 1. The upper surface of each support foot 103 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the machine shell 1. The machine shell 1 is supported by the support feet 103, separating the machine shell 1 from the ground, avoiding wear of the machine shell 1 during movement, and preventing the phenomenon that the machine shell 1 is corroded due to moisture.

[0039] As shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the two exhaust gas inlet pipes 307 are respectively located in front of and behind the elbow pipe 306. Through the two exhaust gas inlet pipes 307, when the exhaust gas volume is large, it can ensure that the exhaust gas can enter the interior of the device.

[0040] As shown in the appendix Figure 4 As shown, a perforated support plate 5 is sleeved on the outer surface of the elbow pipe 306. The bottom surface of the perforated support plate 5 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the casing 1. Through the perforated support plate 5, the elbow pipe 306 can be supported to keep the elbow pipe 306 stable.

[0041] In this embodiment, each group of the return pipes 309 are arranged in an annular and equidistant manner. The output end of each return pipe 309 extends to the right side of the support ring 313. By extending the output end of the return pipe 309 to the right side of the support ring 313, the flow of the exhaust gas can be ensured.

[0042] In this embodiment, a temperature sensor 311 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connection shell 301.

[0043] As shown in the appendix Figure 5 As shown, a support ring 313 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each heat exchange pipe 312. Each support ring 313 is located on the right side of the input end of the return pipe 309. By providing the support ring 313, the exhaust gas can be blocked so that the gas can enter the return pipe 309, and then the exhaust gas can be heat-exchanged for the second time through the return pipe 309.

[0044] In this embodiment, a fixing ring 314 is fixedly connected to the right end of each support ring 313. The outer surface of each fixing ring 314 is respectively in contact with the inner wall of a group of heat exchange pipes 312. Through the fixing ring 314, the device can be supported to keep the support ring 313 stable.

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention further includes:

[0046] A cooling method for the cooling device based on the waste heat of ship power using a four-stage ammonia water cycle as described above. The method includes the following steps:

[0047] The exhaust gas enters the interior of the sealed housing 305 through the exhaust gas inlet pipe 307, and then the exhaust gas enters the interior of the heat exchange tube 312 through the sealed housing 305. The exhaust gas exchanges heat with the ammonia water through the heat exchange tube 312. And during the flow of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is blocked by the support ring 313 so that the exhaust gas can enter the interior of the return pipe 309. And during the flow of the exhaust gas in the return pipe 309, the exhaust gas can exchange heat with the ammonia water through the return pipe 309 for the second time. As the exhaust gas enters the interior of the shunt box 310, the shunt box 310 can exchange heat with the ammonia water again. And when the exhaust gas flows through the exhaust pipe 308, it can exchange heat with the ammonia water again. As the exhaust gas enters the connection housing 301, the temperature sensor 311 is used to sense the temperature of the exhaust gas. When the temperature is relatively high, the first solenoid valve 303 can be closed in cooperation with the controller 102, and at the same time the second solenoid valve 304 is opened so that the exhaust gas enters the interior of the device again through the elbow 306, and the ammonia water exchanges heat with the elbow 306 to make full use of the residual temperature of the exhaust gas.

[0048] In the present invention, an exhaust gas is coupled with a generator for ammonia water absorption refrigeration through a housing, so that the heat exchange efficiency is further improved.

[0049] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling device based on ship power waste heat using a four-stage ammonia water cycle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a casing (1), wherein a heat exchange mechanism (3) is installed inside the casing (1), wherein the casing (1) is provided with an ammonia pipeline (2) and an ammonia water inlet pipe (4), wherein the heat exchange mechanism (3) comprises a sealing shell (305) installed on one side of the casing (1), wherein one end of the sealing shell (305) is connected to an exhaust gas inlet pipe (307), and the other end of the sealing shell (305) is connected to one end of a group of heat exchange pipes (312) installed inside the casing (1), wherein the outer surfaces of the heat exchange pipes (312) are fixedly connected to N groups of return pipes (309), and the heat exchange pipes ( The other end of the outlet port (312) is connected to a diverter box (310), the diverter box (310) is connected to an exhaust pipe (308) and one end of an elbow (306), the other end of the exhaust pipe (308) is connected to a connecting shell (301), the connecting shell (301) is connected to one end of a three-way pipe (302), the other two ends of the three-way pipe (302) are respectively connected to a first solenoid valve (303) and a second solenoid valve (304), the output end of the second solenoid valve (304) is connected to one end of an elbow (306), and the other end of the elbow (306) is connected to the diverter box (310).

2. The cooling device based on ship power waste heat using four-stage ammonia water circulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The input port of the return pipe (309) and the output port of the return pipe (309) are located inside the heat exchange pipe (312); a support ring (313) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe (312); the support ring blocks the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas enters the return pipe (309); the support ring is connected to a fixing ring (314); the fixing ring (314) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe (312) so that the support ring (313) remains stable.

3. The cooling device based on ship power waste heat using four-stage ammonia water circulation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The input port of the return pipe (309) is located on one side of the exhaust gas input direction of the support ring (313), and the output port of the return pipe (309) is located on one side of the exhaust gas output direction of the support ring (313).

4. The cooling device based on ship power waste heat using four-stage ammonia water circulation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: Each group of return pipes (309) are arranged in a circular shape with equal distances.

5. The cooling device based on ship power waste heat using four-stage ammonia water circulation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outer surface of the curved pipe (306) is covered with a perforated support plate (5), and the bottom surface of the perforated support plate (5) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the casing (1).

6. The cooling device based on ship power waste heat using four-stage ammonia water circulation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A temperature sensor (311) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connection shell (301).

7. The cooling device based on ship power waste heat using four-stage ammonia water circulation according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a controller (102) and an observation window (101).

8. The cooling device based on ship power waste heat using four-stage ammonia water circulation according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Two groups of supporting feet (103) are provided below the housing (1), and the upper surface of each supporting foot (103) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the housing (1).

9. The cooling device based on ship power waste heat using four-stage ammonia water circulation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The two exhaust gas intake pipes (307) are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the curved pipe (306).

10. A cooling method for a cooling device based on ship power waste heat using a four-stage ammonia water cycle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: The exhaust gas enters the interior of the sealed shell (305) through the exhaust gas inlet pipe (307), and then enters the interior of the heat exchange tube (312) through the sealed shell (305). The exhaust gas exchanges heat with the ammonia water through the heat exchange tube (312). During the flow of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is blocked by the support ring (313), so that the exhaust gas can enter the interior of the return pipe (309). During the flow of the exhaust gas inside the return pipe (309), the exhaust gas can exchange heat with the ammonia water for the second time through the return pipe (309). As the exhaust gas enters the diversion box (310), The inside of the diverter box (310) can be heat-exchanged with the ammonia water again, and when the exhaust gas flows through the exhaust pipe (308), it can be heat-exchanged with the ammonia water again. As the exhaust gas enters the connecting shell (301), the temperature sensor (311) is used to sense the exhaust gas temperature. When the temperature is high, the controller (102) can be cooperated to close the first solenoid valve (303) and open the second solenoid valve (304) at the same time, so that the exhaust gas can enter the inside of the device again through the bent pipe (306), so that the ammonia water and the bent pipe (306) can be heat-exchanged, and the residual temperature of the exhaust gas can be fully utilized.

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