High-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device
By designing high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery devices, multi-stage cooling and waste heat recovery of high-temperature pyrocarbon are achieved, solving the problems of underutilization of heat energy and harsh operating environment in the traditional coking quenching method, and improving production efficiency and environmental safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510325422.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
AI Technical Summary
The traditional orchid charcoal quenching method has problems such as underutilization of heat energy, harsh operating environment, and large water consumption. In addition, the orchid charcoal powder is easily brought out during the heat exchange process of inert gas, which poses the risk of explosion and the degradation of gas quality.
A high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device is designed. Through the staged cooling and heat exchange process of the buffer chamber, cooling chamber and unloading chamber, the multi-stage cooling and waste heat recovery of high-temperature charcoal is realized. After the first stage of heat exchange between the cooling chamber and the room temperature gas, the heat exchanger with the cold water in the waste heat boiler to generate high-temperature steam and preheated gas; then the second stage of heat exchanger with the preheated gas is carried out in the unloading chamber to obtain the finished orchid and further preheated gas. The device adopts interlock automatic control to ensure the continuity and efficiency of the heat exchange process.
It realizes efficient cooling of high-temperature ylcon and full recycling of waste heat, reduces heat loss, improves the production efficiency of the drying section, saves water resources and energy consumption, improves the operating environment, and avoids environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure CN120176394A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature fixed material cooling, and particularly relates to a high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device. Background Art
[0002] In traditional coke quenching methods for semi-coke, a membrane wall heat exchanger is mostly used to exchange heat with high-temperature semi-coke. The temperature of the semi-coke is reduced to about 200 °C, and steam is generated at the same time. The semi-coke at about 200 °C enters a coke quenching tank for low-moisture coke quenching. After the temperature is reduced to below 90 °C, it is sent to a double-chamber double-valve through a scraper conveyor for caching, and then unloaded to a belt conveyor for external transportation.
[0003] The above coke quenching method has the following problems: (1) The heat released when the semi-coke is cooled to 200 °C is released into the atmosphere, and the heat energy is not fully utilized; (2) When the quenched semi-coke is transported on the belt conveyor, since the internal temperature of the semi-coke is still relatively high, the moisture attached to it evaporates, resulting in a large amount of steam during the transportation process, with a harsh operating environment and environmental pollution; (3) A large amount of water resources are consumed.
[0004] In addition, there is also a method of directly contacting heat exchange with semi-coke using an inert gas. The semi-coke is cooled to below 60 °C, and the temperature of the inert gas rises to above about 450 °C. The inert gas is recycled after a series of dust removal measures and heat recovery devices. However, due to the small volume and fragility of the semi-coke, the powder in the semi-coke is easily carried out during the heat exchange process of the inert gas. Although a series of dust reduction measures are adopted subsequently, there are still the following problems: (1) When the semi-coke contacts the inert gas, combustible gas is still released, and the concentration of combustible gas in the inert gas will become higher and higher after multiple cycles. There is a risk of explosion if the operation is not careful during the subsequent dust removal treatment; (2) If coke quenching is carried out at the bottom of the dry distillation device, the inert gas is likely to enter the gas upwards, reducing the gas quality; if the high-temperature semi-coke is transported to the coke quenching device for coke quenching, due to the poor stability of the solid semi-coke, it is easily broken during the coke quenching operation, resulting in a decline in product quality and affecting the efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device. High-temperature semi-coke enters the cooling bin after passing through the buffer bin. In the cooling bin, the high-temperature semi-coke exchanges heat with normal-temperature coal gas in the first stage to obtain the semi-coke after preliminary heat exchange and high-temperature coal gas. The high-temperature coal gas enters the waste heat boiler to exchange heat with cold water. The semi-coke after preliminary heat exchange enters the discharge bin to exchange heat with normal-temperature coal gas in the second stage to obtain the finished semi-coke and preheated coal gas with temperature. The preheated coal gas after heat exchange in the discharge bin and the preheated coal gas after heat exchange in the waste heat boiler are merged and then enter the drying section of the retorting device to preheat low-rank coal. The heat energy recovery rate is high, the heat recovery utilization rate of high-temperature semi-coke is high, the waste heat is fully utilized, the heat loss is small, the coal in the drying section is preheated, the energy consumption is saved, the heating is rapid, the production efficiency of the drying section is improved, and the drying and retorting time of semi-coke is saved.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:
[0007] A high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device includes a coke pusher, a buffer bin, a cooling bin, a discharge bin, a sealing gate, and a waste heat boiler. The coke pusher is arranged at the bottom of the retorting section of the retorting device. A buffer bin is arranged at the bottom of the coke pusher. The bottom of the buffer bin is connected to the cooling bin. The bottom of the cooling bin is connected to the discharge bin. A belt conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the discharge bin. Sealing gates are arranged at the connection positions between the buffer bin and the cooling bin and between the cooling bin and the discharge bin. A high-temperature coal gas pipeline is arranged at the top of the cooling bin and is connected to the waste heat boiler. The gas outlet pipeline of the waste heat boiler and the preheated coal gas pipeline arranged at the top of the discharge bin are merged and then led into the drying section at the upper part of the retorting device. A normal-temperature coal gas inlet is arranged at the lower part of the cooling bin. A steam inlet and a normal-temperature coal gas inlet are arranged at the lower part of the discharge bin. A sealing gate is arranged at the bottom of the discharge bin.
[0008] Furthermore, wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant lining plates are arranged inside the buffer bin, the cooling bin, and the discharge bin, and external heat insulation layers are provided outside.
[0009] Furthermore, a level gauge is arranged at the upper part of the buffer bin. When the high-level alarm of the level gauge is triggered, the coke pusher stops working.
[0010] Furthermore, thermometers are arranged inside the cooling bin and the discharge bin.
[0011] Furthermore, the steam inlet is opened to introduce saturated steam before the discharge bin discharges materials onto the belt conveyor.
[0012] Furthermore, the high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device adopts interlocking automatic control.
[0013] Furthermore, the recovery process of the high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device includes the following contents:
[0014] S1. The high-temperature semi-coke produced by the pyrolysis of low-rank coal in the retorting device is continuously unloaded into the buffer bin by the pusher coke machine. A number of buffer bins are arranged in parallel, and a cooling bin is provided at the bottom of each buffer bin. A sealing gate is provided between the buffer bin and the cooling bin. After the operating system issues an instruction, the sealing gates between each buffer bin and the cooling bin are sequentially opened in order, and the high-temperature semi-coke is quickly unloaded into each cooling bin in turn. Then, the sealing gates between the buffer bin and the cooling bin are closed in turn. When the last buffer bin finishes discharging, the first buffer bin just meets the discharging condition, realizing the cyclic operation of discharging;
[0015] S2. The cooling bin receives the high-temperature semi-coke from the buffer bin. After the sealing gate is closed, the first-stage heat exchange starts. The high-temperature gas pipeline at the top of the cooling bin is opened, and at the same time, the normal-temperature gas inlet at the bottom of the cooling bin is opened. The normal-temperature gas rises, and the high-temperature semi-coke descends. The two carry out the first-stage heat exchange in the cooling bin. After heat exchange, the temperature of the high-temperature semi-coke in the cooling bin is reduced to 290 - 310 °C, and the temperature of the normal-temperature gas rises. When the thermometer at the outlet position of the high-temperature gas pipeline in the cooling bin shows that the temperature of the high-temperature gas reaches the limit value, the first-stage heat exchange ends, and the valve at the normal-temperature gas inlet position is closed, and the valve on the high-temperature gas pipeline is closed;
[0016] S3. A discharge bin is provided at the bottom of the cooling bin, and a sealing gate is provided between the discharge bin and the cooling bin. After the semi-coke in the cooling bin undergoes the first-stage heat exchange, the sealing gate at the bottom of the cooling bin is opened, and the semi-coke is quickly discharged into the discharge bin. When the semi-coke is emptied, the sealing gate between the cooling bin and the discharge bin is closed, and the cooling bin starts to receive the high-temperature semi-coke from the buffer bin again;
[0017] S4. The high-temperature gas pipeline at the top of the cooling bin is connected to the waste heat boiler. The high-temperature gas in the high-temperature gas pipeline exchanges heat with cold water in the waste heat boiler to obtain high-temperature steam and preheated gas; the preheated gas enters the drying section of the retorting device through the waste heat boiler gas outlet pipeline and is incorporated into the gas preheating pipeline to preheat the low-rank coal;
[0018] S5. The discharge bin receives the semi-coke from the cooling bin. After the sealing gate between the cooling bin and the discharge bin is closed, the second-stage heat exchange starts. The valve on the preheated gas pipeline at the top of the discharge bin is opened, and at the same time, the valve at the normal-temperature gas inlet position at the lower part of the discharge bin is opened; the normal-temperature gas rises from the bottom of the discharge bin through the normal-temperature gas inlet, and the semi-coke descends from the top of the discharge bin. The semi-coke and the normal-temperature gas exchange heat in the discharge bin. After heat exchange, the finished semi-coke and preheated gas are obtained. When the thermometer in the discharge bin detects that the gas temperature reaches the limit value, the valve at the normal-temperature gas inlet is closed, and the steam inlet pipeline is opened to send saturated steam into the discharge bin to displace the residual gas in the bin; after the displacement is completed, the valve at the steam inlet is closed, the valve on the preheated gas pipeline is closed, and the sealing gate at the bottom of the discharge bin is opened to unload the semi-coke onto the belt conveyor;
[0019] After all the semi-coke in the discharging bin has been completely discharged, the sealing gate at the bottom of the discharging bin closes and starts to receive semi-coke from the cooling bin. The preheated gas in the preheated gas pipeline set at the top of the discharging bin merges with the preheated gas in the waste heat boiler gas outlet pipeline and then enters the drying section of the retorting device together to preheat the coal.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0021] (1) Through segmented cooling, gas at a relatively high temperature can be obtained in the cooling section and recovered and utilized by the waste heat boiler. When the temperature of the semi-coke drops to a certain degree, heat exchange continues in the discharging bin to obtain preheated gas, which is recovered and utilized by the drying section to preheat low-rank coal. The waste heat of the high-temperature semi-coke is fully utilized, the waste heat utilization rate is high, the heat loss can be ignored, and the waste heat utilization is reasonable.
[0022] (2) The preheated gas after heat exchange returns to the drying section of the retorting device to preheat low-rank coal, improving the preheating recovery utilization rate, increasing the heating rate of low-rank coal, enhancing the production efficiency of retorting, saving the retorting time of low-rank coal, increasing the output, and improving the quality of the retorted semi-coke product.
[0023] (3) The dust carried out in the gas finally enters the drying section. When passing through the coal layer, the gas flow rate decreases, and at the same time, the gas has a filtering effect, making it difficult for the dust to pass through the coal layer and enter the gas treatment section. There is no need to perform dust removal treatment on the gas medium used for cooling, the dust removal effect is good, the dust treatment cost is low, and environmental pollution is avoided.
[0024] (4) The surface of the cooled semi-coke has no moisture and no steam is generated anymore. The environment of the semi-coke conveying system is greatly improved, the working environment is enhanced, air pollution is prevented, and the quality of the semi-coke is improved.
[0025] (5) By adopting the method of dry quenching of coke, water is saved, water resources are conserved, and waste of water resources is avoided. Description of the Drawings
[0026] Figure 1 It is a system diagram of a high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device described in the present invention.
[0027] In the figure: 1. Coke pusher; 2. Buffer bin; 3. Cooling bin; 4. Discharging bin; 5. Belt conveyor; 6. Waste heat boiler; 7. Semi-coke; 8. Saturated steam; 9. Normal temperature gas; 10. Cold water; 11. High-temperature steam; 12. Preheated gas; 13. Drying section; 14. Retorting section; 15. Gas distribution umbrella; 201. 1# Sealing gate; 301. 1# Normal temperature gas inlet; 302. High-temperature gas pipeline; 303. 2# Sealing gate; 401 Steam inlet; 402. 2# Normal temperature gas inlet; 403. Preheated gas pipeline; 404. 3# Sealing gate. Detailed Embodiments
[0028] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
[0029] As Figure 1 shown, a high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device includes a coke pusher 1, a buffer bin 2, a cooling bin 3, a discharge bin 4, a No. 1 sealing gate 201, a No. 2 sealing gate 303, a No. 3 sealing gate 404, and a waste heat boiler 6.
[0030] The coke pusher 1 is connected to the bottom of the dry distillation section 14. The lower part of the coke pusher 1 is connected to the buffer bin 2. The coke pusher 1 pushes to unload the high-temperature semi-coke at the bottom of the dry distillation section 14 into the buffer bin 2. The function of the buffer bin 2 is to cache the semi-coke 7, ensuring both the continuous discharging of the coke pusher 1 and the intermittent operation of the cooling bin 2. The high-temperature fixed material cooling and waste heat recovery device is provided with multiple buffer bins 2. The specific quantity should be determined according to the production capacity of the semi-coke dry distillation device. A number of buffer bins 2 are arranged in parallel. A cooling bin 3 is provided at the bottom of each buffer bin 2. A No. 1 sealing gate 201 is provided between the buffer bin 2 and the cooling bin 3. After the operating system issues an instruction, the No. 1 sealing gates 201 between each buffer bin 2 and the cooling bin 3 are opened in sequence, quickly unloading the high-temperature semi-coke into each cooling bin 3 in turn, and then closing the No. 1 sealing gates 201 between the buffer bin 2 and the cooling bin 3 in sequence. When the last buffer bin 2 finishes discharging, the first buffer bin 2 just meets the discharging condition, realizing the cyclic operation of discharging. The function of the cooling bin 3 is to conduct the first-stage cooling of the semi-coke 7 at a temperature of about 500°C to 650°C. A No. 2 sealing gate 303 is provided at the bottom of each cooling bin 3. A high-temperature gas pipeline 302 is provided near the top of the cooling bin 3. A No. 1 normal-temperature gas inlet 301 is provided near the bottom of the cooling bin. The bottom of the cooling bin 3 is connected to the discharging bin 4. The cooling bin 3 and the discharging bin 4 are connected through the No. 2 sealing gate 303. The function of the discharging bin 4 is to conduct the second-stage cooling of the semi-coke at a temperature of about 300°C. A discharging bin 4 is provided at the bottom of each of the multiple cooling bins. Each cooling bin 3 receives and cools the material in turn, and each discharging bin 4 also receives the discharged material from the top cooling bin 3 in turn, realizing the overall cyclic continuous cooling of the semi-coke. A No. 3 sealing gate 404 is provided at the bottom of each discharging bin 4. A preheating gas pipeline 403 is provided near the top of the discharging bin 4. A No. 2 normal-temperature gas inlet 402 and a steam inlet 401 are provided near the bottom of the discharging bin. A belt conveyor 5 is provided below the No. 3 sealing gate 404. The high-temperature gas pipeline 302 is connected to the waste heat boiler 6. The preheating gas after the high-temperature gas exchanges heat in the waste heat boiler enters the gas distribution umbrella 15 in the drying section 13, and the preheating gas preheats the low-rank coal in the drying section 13; the preheating gas pipeline 403 is merged with the gas outlet pipeline of the waste heat boiler 6 and then led into the drying section 13 in the dry distillation device. The preheating gas 12 discharged from the discharging bin 4 and the preheating gas 12 discharged from the gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 6 enter the gas distribution umbrella 15 in the drying section 13 together to preheat the low-rank coal in the drying section 13.
[0031] Further, wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant lining plates are provided inside the buffer bin 2, the cooling bin 3 and the discharging bin 4, and external thermal insulation is provided to prevent the high-temperature semi-coke from dissipating heat into the air and causing heat loss.
[0032] Further, a level gauge is provided at the upper part of the buffer bin 2. When the high-level alarm of the level gauge is triggered, the coke pusher 1 stops working.
[0033] Further, thermometers are provided in both the cooling bin 3 and the discharging bin 4. The thermometer in the cooling bin 3 is arranged in the middle section of the cooling bin 3, at the position of the 1# normal-temperature gas inlet 301 at the lower part of the cooling bin 3 and the outlet of the high-temperature gas pipeline 302 at the top of the cooling bin 3, for measuring the temperature of the gas and the temperature of the semi-coke 7 in the cooling bin 3. The thermometer in the discharging bin 4 is arranged in the middle section of the discharging bin 4, at the position of the 2# normal-temperature gas inlet 402 at the lower part of the discharging bin 4 and the outlet of the preheated gas pipeline 403 at the top of the discharging bin, for measuring the temperature of the gas and the temperature of the semi-coke 7 in the discharging bin 4.
[0034] Further, the steam inlet 401 is opened to introduce saturated steam 8 before the discharging bin discharges materials onto the belt conveyor 5.
[0035] Further, the high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device adopts interlock automatic control. The valves on the high-temperature gas pipeline 302, the valve of the 1# normal-temperature gas inlet 301, the valve of the 2# normal-temperature gas inlet 402, the valve of the steam inlet 401, the valve of the preheated gas pipeline 403, the thermometers in the cooling bin 3 and the discharging bin 4, the 1# sealing gate 201, the 2# sealing gate 303, and the 3# sealing gate 404 all achieve interlock automatic control actions.
[0036] The recovery process of the high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device includes the following contents:
[0037] S1. The high-temperature semi-coke generated by the low-rank coal through the dry distillation device is continuously discharged into the buffer bin 2 by the coke pusher 1. A number of buffer bins 2 are arranged in parallel, and a cooling bin 3 is provided at the bottom of each buffer bin 2. A 1# sealing gate 201 is provided between the buffer bin 2 and the cooling bin 3. After the operating system issues an instruction, the 1# sealing gates 201 between each buffer bin 2 and the cooling bin 3 are sequentially opened, and the high-temperature semi-coke is quickly discharged into each cooling bin 3 in sequence. Then, the 1# sealing gates 201 between the buffer bin 2 and the cooling bin 3 are closed in sequence. When the last buffer bin 2 finishes discharging, the first buffer bin 2 just has the discharging condition, realizing the cyclic operation of discharging materials.
[0038] S2. The cooling bin 3 receives the high-temperature semi-coke from the buffer bin 2. After the 1# sealing gate 201 is closed, at this time, both the 1# sealing gate 201 at the top and the 2# sealing gate 303 at the bottom of the cooling bin 3 are in the closed state. The first-stage heat exchange starts. Open the high-temperature gas pipeline 302 at the top of the cooling bin 3, and at the same time open the 1# normal-temperature gas inlet 301 at the bottom of the cooling bin 3. The normal-temperature gas 9 rises, and the high-temperature semi-coke descends. The two conduct the first-stage heat exchange in the cooling bin 3. After heat exchange, the temperature of the high-temperature semi-coke in the cooling bin 3 drops to 290 - 310 °C, and the temperature of the normal-temperature gas 9 rises. When the thermometer in the cooling bin 3 shows that the temperatures of the gas and semi-coke reach the limit values, the first-stage heat exchange ends. Close the valve at the 1# normal-temperature gas inlet 301 and the valve on the high-temperature gas pipeline 302;
[0039] S3. A discharge bin 4 is arranged at the bottom of the cooling bin 3, and a 2# sealing gate 303 is arranged between the discharge bin 4 and the cooling bin 3. After the first-stage heat exchange of the semi-coke 7 in the cooling bin 3, open the 2# sealing gate 303 at the bottom of the cooling bin 3 to quickly discharge the semi-coke 7 into the discharge bin 4. When the semi-coke 7 is emptied, close the 2# sealing gate 303 between the cooling bin 3 and the discharge bin 4, and the cooling bin 3 starts to receive the high-temperature semi-coke from the buffer bin 2 again;
[0040] S4. The high-temperature gas pipeline 302 at the top of the cooling bin 3 is connected to the waste heat boiler 6. The high-temperature gas in the high-temperature gas pipeline 302 exchanges heat with the cold water 10 in the waste heat boiler 6 to obtain high-temperature steam 11 and preheated gas 12; The preheated gas 12 enters the drying section 13 of the dry distillation device through the gas outlet pipeline of the waste heat boiler 6 and is incorporated into the gas preheating pipeline 403 to preheat the low-rank coal. To maintain the temperature and pressure balance in the drying section 13, the total gas flow rate entering the cooling bin 3 needs to remain stable;
[0041] S5. The discharge bin 4 receives the semi-coke from the cooling bin 3. After the No. 2 sealing gate 303 between the cooling bin 3 and the discharge bin 4 is closed, at this time, both the No. 2 sealing gate 303 at the top of the discharge bin 4 and the No. 3 sealing gate 404 at the bottom are in the closed state. The second-stage heat exchange starts. The valve on the preheated gas pipeline 403 at the top of the discharge bin 4 is opened, and at the same time, the valve at the position of the No. 2 normal-temperature gas inlet 4102 at the lower part of the discharge bin 4 is opened; the normal-temperature gas 9 rises from the bottom of the discharge bin 4 through the No. 2 normal-temperature gas inlet 402, and the semi-coke 7 descends from the top of the discharge bin 4. The semi-coke 7 exchanges heat with the normal-temperature gas 9 in the discharge bin 4. After heat exchange, semi-coke 7 with a temperature lower than 80 °C and preheated gas 12 are obtained. When the thermometer in the discharge bin 4 shows that the temperatures of the gas and the semi-coke 7 reach the limit value, the valve of the No. 2 normal-temperature gas inlet 402 is closed, and the valve of the steam inlet 401 is opened to send saturated steam 8 into the discharge bin 4 to displace the residual gas in the bin; after the displacement is completed, the valve of the steam inlet 401 is closed, the valve on the preheated gas pipeline 403 is closed, and the No. 3 sealing gate 404 at the bottom of the discharge bin 4 is opened to discharge the semi-coke 7 onto the belt conveyor 5;
[0042] S6. After all the semi-coke 7 in the discharge bin 4 is completely discharged, the No. 3 sealing gate 404 at the bottom of the discharge bin 4 is closed, and the discharge bin 4 starts to receive the semi-coke from the cooling bin 3. The preheated gas 12 in the preheated gas pipeline 403 arranged at the top of the discharge bin 4 is merged with the preheated gas 12 in the gas outlet pipeline of the waste heat boiler 6 and then enters the drying section 13 of the retorting device together to preheat the low-rank coal. To maintain the temperature and pressure balance in the drying section 13, the discharging of each discharge bin 4 onto the belt conveyor 5 should be operated in a sequential cycle, avoiding simultaneous opening and closing, and the total gas flow rate entering the discharge bin 4 should be kept stable.
[0043] The high-temperature semi-coke exchanges heat in the cooling bin 3. The normal-temperature gas 9 directly contacts and countercurrently exchanges heat with the high-temperature semi-coke to obtain a gas with a higher temperature. Heat is recovered in the waste heat boiler 6 to obtain high-temperature steam 11, and the preheated gas 12 still having a certain temperature enters the drying section 13 of the retorting device to preheat the low-rank coal; the second stage of heat exchange is carried out in the discharge bin 4. The normal-temperature gas 9 directly contacts and countercurrently exchanges heat with the semi-coke 7 after the first-stage preliminary heat exchange to obtain semi-coke 7 with a temperature meeting the requirements and preheated gas 12 with a certain temperature. The preheated gas 12 enters the drying section 13 of the retorting device to preheat the low-rank coal for heat recovery. Through the above steps, during the two-stage cooling process of the semi-coke 7, the temperature is reduced to below the specified temperature, and the heat carried by the semi-coke 7 is fully recovered and utilized.
[0044] A gas discharge port is provided on the gas outlet pipeline of the waste heat boiler 6. When the equipment fails and stops suddenly, the discharge valve is interlocked and opened to ignite and discharge the gas.
[0045] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and its concept of the present invention, making equivalent substitutions or changes should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device, comprising a coke pusher, a buffer bin, a cooling bin, a discharge bin, a sealing gate and a waste heat boiler, wherein the coke pusher is arranged at the bottom of the dry distillation section of the dry distillation device, characterized in that: A buffer bin is arranged at the bottom of the coke pusher, the bottom of the buffer bin is connected to a cooling bin, the bottom of the cooling bin is connected to a discharge bin, a belt conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the discharge bin, sealing gates are arranged at the connection positions of the buffer bin and the cooling bin and the connection positions of the cooling bin and the discharge bin, a high-temperature gas pipeline is arranged at the top of the cooling bin to connect to a waste heat boiler, the gas outlet pipeline of the waste heat boiler is combined with the preheating gas pipeline arranged at the top of the discharge bin and then passed into the drying section at the upper part of the dry distillation device, a normal temperature gas inlet is arranged at the lower part of the cooling bin, a steam inlet and a normal temperature gas inlet are arranged at the lower part of the discharge bin, and a sealing gate is arranged at the bottom of the discharge bin.
2. A high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer bin, cooling bin and unloading bin are all provided with wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant lining plates inside and with external insulation layers outside.
3. A high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material level meter is provided on the upper part of the buffer bin. When the material level meter alarms for a high material level, the coke pusher stops working.
4. A high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling bin and the unloading bin are both provided with thermometers.
5. The high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam inlet is opened to introduce saturated steam before the unloading bin discharges the material onto the belt conveyor.
6. A high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device adopts interlocking automatic control.
7. The recovery process of a high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recovery process of the high-temperature solid material cooling and waste heat recovery device includes the following contents: S1. The high-temperature semi-coke produced by pyrolysis of low-rank coal in the dry distillation device is continuously unloaded into the buffer bin through the coke pusher. Several buffer bins are arranged in parallel, and a cooling bin is arranged at the bottom of each buffer bin. A sealed gate is arranged between the buffer bin and the cooling bin. After the operating system issues an instruction, the sealed gates between each buffer bin and the cooling bin are opened in sequence, and the high-temperature semi-coke is quickly unloaded into each cooling bin in sequence, and then the sealed gates between the buffer bin and the cooling bin are closed in sequence. When the last buffer bin is unloaded, the first buffer bin is just ready for unloading, realizing the cyclic operation of unloading; S2. The cooling bin receives the high-temperature semi-coke from the buffer bin. After the sealing gate is closed, the first stage of heat exchange begins. The high-temperature gas pipeline at the top of the cooling bin is opened, and the normal-temperature gas inlet at the bottom of the cooling bin is opened at the same time. The normal-temperature gas goes up and the high-temperature semi-coke goes down. The two perform the first stage of heat exchange in the cooling bin. After the heat exchange, the temperature of the high-temperature semi-coke in the cooling bin drops to 290-310°C, and the temperature of the normal-temperature gas rises. When the thermometer at the outlet position of the high-temperature gas pipeline in the cooling bin shows that the high-temperature gas temperature reaches the limit value, the first stage of heat exchange ends, and the valve at the normal-temperature gas inlet position is closed, and the valve on the high-temperature gas pipeline is closed; S3. A discharge bin is set at the bottom of the cooling bin, and a sealed gate is set between the discharge bin and the cooling bin. After the semi-coke in the cooling bin undergoes the first stage of heat exchange, the sealed gate at the bottom of the cooling bin is opened to quickly discharge the semi-coke into the discharge bin. When the semi-coke is emptied, the sealed gate between the cooling bin and the discharge bin is closed, and the cooling bin begins to receive the high-temperature semi-coke from the buffer bin again. S4. The high-temperature gas pipeline on the top of the cooling bin is connected to the waste heat boiler. The high-temperature gas in the high-temperature gas pipeline exchanges heat with cold water in the waste heat boiler to obtain high-temperature steam and preheated gas. The preheated gas passes through the waste heat boiler gas outlet pipeline and is merged into the gas preheating pipeline and then enters the drying section of the dry distillation device to preheat the low-rank coal. S5, the unloading bin receives the semi-coke from the cooling bin, and after the sealed gate between the cooling bin and the unloading bin is closed, the second stage of heat exchange begins, the valve on the preheating gas pipeline at the top of the unloading bin is opened, and the valve at the normal temperature gas inlet position at the bottom of the unloading bin is opened at the same time; the normal temperature gas goes up from the bottom of the unloading bin through the normal temperature gas inlet, and the semi-coke goes down from the top of the unloading bin, and the semi-coke and the normal temperature gas exchange heat in the unloading bin. After heat exchange, finished semi-coke and preheating gas are obtained. When the thermometer in the unloading bin detects that the gas temperature reaches the limit value, the valve at the normal temperature gas inlet is closed, the steam inlet pipeline is opened, and saturated steam is sent into the unloading bin to replace the residual gas in the bin; after the replacement is completed, the valve of the steam inlet is closed, the valve on the preheating gas pipeline is closed, and the sealed gate at the bottom of the unloading bin is opened to unload the semi-coke onto the belt conveyor; S6. After all the semi-coke in the unloading bin is unloaded, the sealed gate at the bottom of the unloading bin is closed to start receiving the semi-coke from the cooling bin. The preheated gas in the preheated gas pipeline arranged at the top of the unloading bin is combined with the preheated gas from the waste heat boiler gas outlet pipeline and then enters the drying section of the carbonization device to preheat the coal.