Furnace cleaning and slagging-off device for electrolytic aluminum machining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic aluminum, and discloses a furnace cleaning and slagging-off device for electrolytic aluminum machining, which comprises a cleaning device, the cleaning device comprises two slagging-off mechanisms and a slag salvaging mechanism, the two slagging-off mechanisms are symmetrically arranged, and each slagging-off mechanism comprises a cover I and a hydraulic cylinder I which are hinged in an electrolytic furnace; a plurality of sets of slagging-off operation mechanisms are arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the slagging-off mechanism, each slagging-off operation mechanism comprises a swing arm with the action end moving along an elliptical track, a slagging-off plate is rotationally arranged on each swing arm, the slag salvaging mechanism comprises a second cover and a second hydraulic cylinder which are hinged to the interior of the electrolytic furnace, and a slag salvaging plate set and a guide frame are arranged at the bottom of the second cover; scum on the surface of molten aluminum is pushed to the slag salvaging plate set from the front side of the electrolytic furnace through the slagging-off plate of the slagging-off operation mechanism, the slag salvaging plate set drives the scum to be lifted and poured on the discharging table, and through the slagging-off mechanism and the slag salvaging mechanism which are symmetrically arranged, slagging-off operation can be conducted from the two sides of the electrolytic furnace at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic aluminum, and specifically refers to a slag cleaning and skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing. Background Art

[0002] During the production process of electrolytic aluminum, a large amount of dross will be generated in the electrolytic furnace. These drosses are mainly composed of alumina, electrolyte and other impurities. The accumulation of dross will not only affect the quality of electrolytic aluminum, but also reduce the working efficiency of the electrolytic furnace, and even cause equipment damage. Therefore, regularly cleaning the dross in the electrolytic furnace is an essential link in the production process of electrolytic aluminum.

[0003] Traditional slag cleaning and skimming methods mainly rely on manual operation. Workers use tools to fish out the dross from the electrolytic furnace. This method not only has a high labor intensity and low efficiency, but also has certain safety hazards. In addition, it is difficult to ensure the thoroughness of dross cleaning by manual operation, which is easy to cause dross residue and affect the quality of electrolytic aluminum.

[0004] In recent years, with the development of automation technology, some automated slag cleaning and skimming devices have gradually been introduced into the production of electrolytic aluminum. However, there are still many deficiencies in the structural design and working efficiency of existing automated devices. For example, the slag skimming effect of some devices is not ideal, and the dross cleaning is not thorough; the slag fishing mechanism of some devices is designed complexly and has a high maintenance cost; and some devices are prone to waste molten aluminum during operation, affecting production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above difficulties and provide a slag cleaning and skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a slag cleaning and skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing, including a cleaning device. The cleaning device includes a slag skimming mechanism and a slag fishing mechanism. There are two symmetrically arranged slag skimming mechanisms. The slag skimming mechanism includes a cover one hinged in the electrolytic furnace and a hydraulic cylinder one. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder one is hinged to the cover one. The cover one is provided with a liquid extraction guide hole. Inside the bottom of the slag skimming mechanism, there are multiple groups of slag skimming operation mechanisms. The slag skimming operation mechanism includes a swing arm whose acting end moves in an elliptical trajectory. A slag skimming plate is rotatably arranged on the swing arm. Outside the electrolytic furnace, there is a driving mechanism for driving the slag skimming operation mechanism to operate. The slag fishing mechanism includes a cover two hinged in the electrolytic furnace and a hydraulic cylinder two. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder two is hinged to the cover two. The bottom of the cover two is provided with a slag fishing plate group and a guide frame. The guide frame is arranged inside the cover two. The slag fishing plate group is movably arranged below the guide frame. The slag fishing mechanism further includes a discharge table arranged at the rear side of the electrolytic furnace; During cleaning, the two cover caps, i.e., cover cap one and cover cap two, cover the top of the electrolytic cell. The dross on the surface of the molten aluminum is pushed from the front side of the electrolytic furnace to the slag skimming plate group through the dross skimming plate of the dross skimming operation mechanism. When cover cap two rotates, it drives the slag skimming plate group to rotate, causing the dross on the slag skimming plate group to lift and pour onto the discharge table.

[0007] As an improvement: The dross skimming operation mechanism includes a first sprocket, a second fixed gear, and a triangular frame. The first sprockets of multiple groups of dross skimming operation mechanisms are in transmission cooperation through chains. One side of one of the first sprockets is coaxially connected to a second sprocket, and a driving mechanism drives the second sprocket to rotate. The second fixed gear is fixedly arranged inside cover cap one. The other side of the first sprocket is provided with a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft passes through the axial hole of the second fixed gear and is connected to an end point of the triangular frame. The other end point of the triangular frame is rotatably provided with a first swing arm, and the end of the first swing arm is connected to a swing arm.

[0008] As an improvement: At two of the end points of the triangular frame, a transmission gear and an adjustment gear are rotatably provided. The adjustment gear is connected to the connecting shaft at the end of the first swing arm. The transmission gear is respectively meshed with the second fixed gear and the adjustment gear, and the number of teeth and the pitch of the second fixed gear and the adjustment gear are equal.

[0009] As an improvement: The swing arm includes two second swing arms, a first slider, and a second slider. The top of the dross skimming plate is rotatably connected to the ends of the two second swing arms. The bottom of the dross skimming plate is provided with a gravity rod. The end of the first swing arm is provided with a fixed shaft, and the fixed shaft is rotatably matched with the first slider and is connected to one of the second swing arms. The end of the other second swing arm is rotatably connected to the second slider. The first slider and the second slider are respectively slidably arranged in the chutes at both ends inside cover cap one.

[0010] As an improvement: The slag skimming plate group includes multiple first slag skimming plates and second slag skimming plates, which are arranged at intervals. On the side of the first slag skimming plates and the second slag skimming plates close to the dross skimming mechanism, there are baffles, and suspension rods are provided at the top. The guide frame includes a fixed groove column fixedly arranged at the bottom of cover cap two and a liftable movable groove column. A third hydraulic cylinder is provided on cover cap two, and the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder passes through the through hole on cover cap two and is connected to the movable groove column. The first slag skimming plates and the second slag skimming plates are respectively suspended below the fixed groove column and the movable groove column through the suspension rods.

[0011] As an improvement: A first groove column and a second groove column are respectively slidably arranged inside the fixed groove column and the movable groove column. The first slag skimming plates and the second slag skimming plates are respectively connected to the first groove column and the second groove column through the suspension rods. Linkage shafts are provided inside the first groove column and the second groove column. Linkage rods are provided between adjacent first groove columns and between adjacent second groove columns. Both ends of the linkage rod are provided with straight groove openings that are slidably matched with the linkage shafts. Pushing mechanisms for moving the first groove column and the second groove column are provided at both ends of cover cap two, so as to reduce the distance between adjacent first slag skimming plates and second slag skimming plates.

[0012] As an improvement: The pushing mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder four provided on the second cover. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder four is provided with a pushing frame. The pushing frame is provided with a first pushing column and a second pushing column. The first pushing column and the second pushing column respectively extend into the fixed groove column and the movable groove column. The end of the first pushing column is connected to the first groove column on the outermost side inside the fixed groove column, and the end of the second pushing column is in contact and cooperation with the second groove column on the outermost side inside the movable groove column. A side pushing plate is provided at the bottom of the pushing frame.

[0013] As an improvement: On one side of the linkage rod on the outermost side inside the fixed groove column, a first limiting block and a second limiting block are provided. On one side of the linkage rod on the outermost side inside the movable groove column, a linkage block is provided which is in limiting cooperation with the first limiting block and the second limiting block.

[0014] As an improvement: An arc-shaped table is provided on one side of the discharging table. The lower half of the arc-shaped table is arranged inside the electrolytic cell. During the rotation of the first slag fishing plate and the second slag fishing plate, there is a certain gap between the ends of the first slag fishing plate and the second slag fishing plate close to the arc-shaped table. An inclined discharging table is provided at the top of the discharging table, and a heat insulation plate in contact with the inclined discharging table is provided at the rear end of the second cover.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: Through the symmetrically arranged slag skimming mechanism and slag fishing mechanism, the present invention can carry out slag skimming operations simultaneously from both sides of the electrolytic furnace. Combining with the slag fishing work, the efficiency of floating slag cleaning is significantly improved. The automated operation reduces manual intervention and further improves the work efficiency. Specifically: 1. Through the uniquely designed slag skimming operation mechanism of the present invention, the acting end of the swing arm moves along an elliptical trajectory, and in cooperation with the rotatably arranged slag skimming plate, it can efficiently push the floating slag on the surface of the molten aluminum from the front side of the electrolytic furnace to the slag fishing plate group. Multiple slag skimming operation mechanisms achieve synchronous operation through sprocket and chain transmission. Compared with the traditional method, the slag skimming efficiency is greatly improved, and the time required for slag skimming is reduced; 2. The slag fishing plate group is composed of a plurality of first slag fishing plates and second slag fishing plates arranged at intervals. Before slag fishing, the pushing mechanism can be used to increase the distance between the plates to facilitate the inflow of floating slag. When slag fishing, the distance is reduced, and in cooperation with the baffle to block the backflow of floating slag, the floating slag can be accurately fished out, effectively avoiding the residue of floating slag and improving the thoroughness of slag fishing; 3. The design of the first cover and the second cover can not only effectively cover the electrolytic cell and slow down heat dissipation, but also further improve the heat insulation performance of the device through the design of the heat insulation plate, ensuring the temperature stability inside the electrolytic furnace and avoiding the solidification of the surface of the molten aluminum after the temperature of the floating slag decreases, resulting in difficulties in subsequent extraction of molten aluminum. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a cleaning device for a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device used in electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention Figure 1 。

[0019] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a cleaning device for a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device used in electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention Figure 2 。

[0020] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a slag skimming mechanism of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a slag skimming operation mechanism of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0022] Figure 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a slag skimming operation mechanism of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0023] Figure 8 is a partial explosion diagram of a slag skimming operation mechanism of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0024] Figure 9 is a working trajectory diagram of a slag skimming operation mechanism of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0025] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a driving mechanism of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0026] Figure 11 is an explosion diagram of a coupler of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0027] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of a slag fishing mechanism of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0028] Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of a slag fishing mechanism of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0029] Figure 14 is an explosion diagram of a slag fishing mechanism of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0030] Figure 15 is a structural schematic diagram of a slag fishing plate group of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0031] Figure 16 is an explosion diagram of a slag fishing plate group of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention

[0032] Figure 17 It is a schematic structural diagram of a pushing mechanism of a furnace cleaning and slag skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to the present invention.

[0033] As shown in the figure: 00, electrolytic furnace; 01, furnace wall; 02, electrolytic cell; 03, floor; 04, electrolytic cathode; 05, electrolytic anode; 1, cleaning device; 2, slag skimming mechanism; 3, slag fishing mechanism; 4, slag skimming operation mechanism; 5, driving mechanism; 6, slag fishing plate group; 7, guiding frame; 8, pushing mechanism; 21, cover one; 22, liquid extraction guiding hole; 23, hydraulic cylinder one; 31, cover two; 311, heat insulation plate; 32, hydraulic cylinder two; 33, discharge table; 331, arc table; 332, discharge inclined table; 41, sprocket one; 411, transmission shaft; 412, sprocket two; 42, fixed gear two; 43, tripod; 44, transmission gear; 45, adjusting gear; 46, swing arm one; 461, fixed shaft; 47, swinging arm; 471, swing arm two; 472, slider one; 473, slider two; 48, slag skimming plate; 481, gravity rod; 49, guiding wheel; 51, motor; 52, speed reducer; 53, driving rod; 54, spline shaft one; 55, universal shaft; 56, main driving shaft; 561, sprocket three; 57, auxiliary driving shaft; 571, sprocket four; 58, coupling; 581, cylinder; 582, push plate; 583, inserting table; 584, spline shaft two; 61, slag fishing plate one; 611, top block; 612, baffle; 62, slag fishing plate two; 63, suspension rod; 64, groove column one; 641, linkage shaft; 642, limit block one; 643, limit block two; 65, groove column two; 651, linkage block; 66, linkage rod; 661, straight groove opening; 71, fixed groove column; 72, movable groove column; 73, hydraulic cylinder three; 81, hydraulic cylinder four; 82, pushing frame; 83, push column one; 84, push column two; 85, side push plate. Specific embodiments

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Combined with the attached Figure 1 、attached Figure 2 、attached Figure 3 and attached Figure 4As shown in the figure, a slag cleaning and skimming device for electrolytic aluminum processing includes a cleaning device 1. The cleaning device 1 includes a slag skimming mechanism 2 and a slag fishing mechanism 3. There are two symmetrically arranged slag skimming mechanisms 2. The slag skimming mechanism 2 includes a cover 21 hinged in the electrolytic furnace 00 and a hydraulic cylinder 23. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is hinged to the cover 21. The cover 21 is provided with a liquid extraction guide hole 22. Multiple groups of slag skimming operation mechanisms 4 are arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the slag skimming mechanism 2. The slag skimming operation mechanism 4 includes a swing arm 47 whose acting end moves in an elliptical trajectory. A slag skimming plate 48 is rotatably arranged on the swing arm 47. A driving mechanism 5 for driving the slag skimming operation mechanism 4 to operate is arranged outside the electrolytic furnace 00. The slag fishing mechanism 3 includes a cover 31 hinged in the electrolytic furnace 00 and a hydraulic cylinder 32. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 32 is hinged to the cover 31. A slag fishing plate group 6 and a guide frame 7 are arranged at the bottom of the cover 31. The guide frame 7 is arranged inside the cover 31. The slag fishing plate group 6 is movably arranged below the guide frame 7. The slag fishing mechanism 3 further includes a discharge table 33 arranged at the rear side of the electrolytic furnace 00. During cleaning, the two covers 21 and 31 cover the top of the electrolytic cell 02. The slag skimming plate 48 of the slag skimming operation mechanism 4 pushes the floating slag on the surface of the molten aluminum from the front side of the electrolytic furnace 00 to the slag fishing plate group 6. When the cover 31 rotates, it drives the slag fishing plate group 6 to rotate, so that the floating slag on the slag fishing plate group 6 is lifted and dumped on the discharge table 33.

[0036] Combined with the attached Figure 5 、attached Figure 6 、attached Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 shown, the slag skimming operation mechanism 4 includes a sprocket 41, a fixed gear 42 and a tripod 43. The sprockets 41 of multiple groups of slag skimming operation mechanisms 4 are in transmission cooperation through a chain. One side of one of the sprockets 41 is coaxially connected to a sprocket 412. Guide wheels 49 are arranged on both sides of the middle sprocket 41. The driving mechanism 5 drives the sprocket 412 to rotate. The fixed gear 42 is fixedly arranged inside the cover 21. The other side of the sprocket 41 is provided with a transmission shaft 411. The transmission shaft 411 passes through the axial center through hole of the fixed gear 42 and is connected to one end point of the tripod 43. The other end point of the tripod 43 is rotatably provided with a swing arm 46. The end of the swing arm 46 is connected to the swing arm 47.

[0037] Working principle of the slag skimming operation mechanism 4: The driving mechanism 5 drives the sprocket 412 to rotate, drives the sprocket 41 to rotate. Through chain transmission, the sprockets 41 of multiple slag skimming operation mechanisms 4 rotate synchronously. Through the guide wheels 49, the meshing points of the middle sprocket 41 are increased. The sprocket 41 drives the tripod 43 to rotate through the transmission shaft 411. The swing arm 46 at the end of the tripod 43 drives the swing arm 47 to perform a swinging action. The floating slag is pushed backward through the slag skimming plate 48 to achieve the slag skimming effect.

[0038] Combined with the attached Figure 5 、attached Figure 7 、attachedFigure 8 and the attached Figure 9 As shown, at two of the endpoints of the tripod 43, a transmission gear 44 and an adjustment gear 45 are rotatably provided. The adjustment gear 45 is connected to the connecting shaft at the end of the first swing arm 46. The transmission gear 44 meshes with the second fixed gear 42 and the adjustment gear 45 respectively. The number of teeth and the pitch of the second fixed gear 42 and the adjustment gear 45 are equal. The swing arm 47 includes two second swing arms 471, a first slider 472 and a second slider 473. The top of the slag raking plate 48 is rotatably connected to the ends of the two second swing arms 471. A gravity rod 481 is provided at the bottom of the slag raking plate 48. A fixed shaft 461 is provided at the end of the first swing arm 46. The fixed shaft 461 is rotatably matched with the first slider 472. The distance between the rotation axis of the first swing arm 46 and the axis of the fixed shaft 461 is equal to the distance between the axes of the adjustment gear 45 and the second fixed gear 42. The fixed shaft 461 is connected to one of the second swing arms 471. The end of the other second swing arm 471 is rotatably connected to the second slider 473. The first slider 472 and the second slider 473 are respectively slidably arranged in the chutes at both ends inside the first cover 21.

[0039] Principle of the rotation of the swing arm 47 in the slag raking operation mechanism 4: During the rotation of the tripod 43, it drives the transmission gear 44 and the adjustment gear 45 to rotate around the axis of the second fixed gear 42. During the rotation, through the meshing transmission of the transmission gear 44 with the second fixed gear 42 and the adjustment gear 45 respectively, the adjustment gear 45 rotates. Since the number of teeth and the pitch of the second fixed gear 42 and the adjustment gear 45 are equal, when the adjustment gear 45 makes one revolution around the sun, it also rotates counterclockwise one revolution at the same time. The self-rotation of the adjustment gear 45 drives the first swing arm 46 to rotate around the axis of the adjustment gear 45. The distance between the rotation axis of the first swing arm 46 and the axis of the fixed shaft 461 is equal to the distance between the axes of the adjustment gear 45 and the second fixed gear 42, so that the first swing arm 46 drives the first slider 472 to perform a reciprocating swinging motion on the inner chute of the first cover 21. At the same time, the rotation of the first swing arm 46 drives the second swing arm 471 to rotate, making the rotation axis point of the slag raking plate 48 present an elliptical trajectory; As Figure 9 In, A is the rotation trajectory of the axis of the adjustment gear 45, B is the movement trajectory of the rotation axis of the slag raking plate 48, and C is the swinging trajectory of the first slider 472 and the second slider 473. When the tripod 43 rotates clockwise, the adjustment gear 45 rotates counterclockwise, the first swing arm 46 and the second swing arm 471 rotate, the first slider 472 moves to the left, and the slag raking plate 48 moves to the left synchronously. Through the gravity rod 481, the slag raking plate 48 keeps vertical during the movement and moves from the right to the left. After reaching the left endpoint, the rotation of the first swing arm 46 will apply a pulling force to the first slider 472 through the fixed shaft 461 and move to the right. During this process, the slag raking plate 48 is lifted, and the bottom of the slag raking plate 48 leaves the surface of the floating slag. After reaching the right endpoint, the bottom of the slag raking plate 48 is inserted into the floating slag again and pushes the floating slag to the left.

[0040] Combined with the attachedFigure 5 and the attached Figure 10 As shown, the driving mechanism 5 includes a motor 51, a speed reducer 52, a main drive shaft 56 and a secondary drive shaft 57. The main drive shaft 56 and the secondary drive shaft 57 are respectively rotatably arranged inside two first covers 21. The main drive shaft 56 and the secondary drive shaft 57 are in transmission cooperation through a coupler 58. The motor 51 is connected to the speed reducer 52. A drive rod 53 is provided at the output end of the speed reducer 52. A first spline shaft 54 is provided in the spline groove at the end of the drive rod 53. A universal shaft 55 is connected between the first spline shaft 54 and the main drive shaft 56. A third sprocket 561 and a fourth sprocket 571 are respectively provided on the main drive shaft 56 and the secondary drive shaft 57. The third sprocket 561 and the fourth sprocket 571 are respectively in transmission cooperation with the second sprockets 412 of two slag scraping mechanisms 2 through chains.

[0041] Working principle of the driving mechanism 5: The motor 51 drives the drive rod 53 to rotate through the speed reducer 52. Through the transmission of the first spline shaft 54 and the universal shaft 55, the main drive shaft 56 rotates. Through the coupler 58, the main drive shaft 56 drives the secondary drive shaft 57 to rotate, so that the third sprocket 561 and the fourth sprocket 571 rotate. Through chain drive, the second sprocket 412 rotates to drive the slag scraping operation mechanism 4 to perform slag scraping operation. The designs of the drive rod 53, the first spline shaft 54 and the universal shaft 55 ensure that the transmission structure is not damaged during the rotation of the first cover 21. The motor 51 can also be installed on the first cover 21, and the output end of the motor 51 is directly connected to the main drive shaft 56 or the secondary drive shaft 57, and a cooling system is added to the motor 51.

[0042] Combined with the attached Figure 5 and the attached Figure 10 and the attached Figure 11 As shown, the coupler 58 includes a cylinder 581. A push plate 582 is provided at the output end of the cylinder 581. A second spline shaft 584 is rotatably provided at one end of the push plate 582. Spline grooves for cooperating with the second spline shaft 584 are provided at the ends of both the main drive shaft 56 and the secondary drive shaft 57. A plug 583 is provided at the other end of the push plate 582. The plug 583 is slidably arranged in a through hole on the outer side of one first cover 21, and the plug 583 is in plug-in cooperation with a through hole on the outer side of the other first cover 21.

[0043] Working principle of the coupler 58: After the two first covers 21 are closed, the cylinder 581 pushes the push plate 582 forward, so that the plug 583 is inserted into the through hole on the outer side of the other first cover 21. On the one hand, the first cover 21 is locked, and on the other hand, the axes of the main drive shaft 56 and the secondary drive shaft 57 are aligned. The push plate 582 continues to move, so that the second spline shaft 584 is inserted into the spline groove of the main drive shaft 56, thereby realizing the linkage of the slag scraping operation mechanisms 4 on the two slag scraping mechanisms 2.

[0044] Combined with the attached Figure 11 and the attached Figure 14 and the attached Figure 15 and the attachedFigure 16 As shown, the slag skimming plate group 6 includes a plurality of first slag skimming plates 61 and second slag skimming plates 62. The first slag skimming plates 61 and the second slag skimming plates 62 are arranged at intervals. A baffle 612 is provided on one side of the first slag skimming plates 61 and the second slag skimming plates 62 close to the slag scraping mechanism 2, and suspension rods 63 are provided at the top. The guiding frame 7 includes a fixed groove column 71 fixedly provided at the bottom of the second cover 31 and a liftable movable groove column 72. A third hydraulic cylinder 73 is provided on the second cover 31. The output end of the third hydraulic cylinder 73 passes through a through hole on the second cover 31 and is connected to the movable groove column 72. The first slag skimming plates 61 and the second slag skimming plates 62 are respectively suspended below the fixed groove column 71 and the movable groove column 72 through the suspension rods 63. A first groove column 64 and a second groove column 65 are respectively slidably provided in the fixed groove column 71 and the movable groove column 72. The first slag skimming plates 61 and the second slag skimming plates 62 are respectively connected to the first groove column 64 and the second groove column 65 through the suspension rods 63. Linkage shafts 641 are provided on the inner sides of the first groove column 64 and the second groove column 65. Linkage rods 66 are provided between adjacent first groove columns 64 and between adjacent second groove columns 65. Straight groove openings 661 slidably matched with the linkage shafts 641 are provided at both ends of the linkage rods 66. Pushing mechanisms 8 for pushing the first groove column 64 and the second groove column 65 to move are provided at both ends of the second cover 31, so that the distance between adjacent first slag skimming plates 61 and second slag skimming plates 62 is reduced.

[0045] Working principle of the slag skimming plate group 6: Before the slag skimming plate group 6 is immersed in the molten aluminum, the distance between adjacent first slag skimming plates 61 and second slag skimming plates 62 is increased through the pushing mechanism 8. Subsequently, the third hydraulic cylinder 73 pushes the movable groove column 72 to move, causing the first slag skimming plates 61 and the second slag skimming plates 62 to be displaced. Subsequently, the second hydraulic cylinder 32 pushes the second cover 31 to rotate, so that the slag skimming plate group 6 is immersed in the molten aluminum. Since the gap between the first slag skimming plates 61 and the second slag skimming plates 62 becomes larger, the floating slag can flow from the gap to the upper part of the slag skimming plate group 6, avoiding the floating slag being pressed below the slag skimming plate group 6. After the slag scraping operation mechanism 4 pushes the floating slag to the upper part of the slag skimming plate group 6, the movable groove column 72 resets. The distance between the first slag skimming plates 61 and the second slag skimming plates 62 is reduced through the pushing mechanism 8. There is still a gap between the first slag skimming plates 61 and the second slag skimming plates 62, so that the baffles 612 are adjacent and aligned. Subsequently, the second cover 31 rotates, causing the slag skimming plate group 6 to rotate and lift. The baffle 612 first extends out of the surface of the molten aluminum to block the backflow of the floating slag. Subsequently, the entire slag skimming plate group 6 extends out of the surface of the molten aluminum, and the floating slag is lifted by the slag skimming plate group 6. The molten aluminum flows down through the gap between the first slag skimming plates 61 and the second slag skimming plates 62. The second cover 31 continues to rotate, and the floating slag is poured from the inclined slag skimming plate group 6 onto the discharge table 33 to complete the slag skimming work.

[0046] Combined with the attached Figure 14 、attached Figure 16 and attached Figure 17As shown, the pushing mechanism 8 includes a fourth hydraulic cylinder 81 provided on the second cover 31. The output end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 81 is provided with a pushing frame 82. The pushing frame 82 is provided with a first pushing column 83 and a second pushing column 84. The first pushing column 83 and the second pushing column 84 respectively extend into the fixed groove column 71 and the movable groove column 72. The end of the first pushing column 83 is connected to the outermost groove column 64 inside the fixed groove column 71. The end of the second pushing column 84 is in contact and cooperation with the outermost groove column 65 inside the movable groove column 72. A side pushing plate 85 is provided at the bottom of the pushing frame 82. On one side of the outermost linkage rod 66 inside the fixed groove column 71, there are a first limiting block 642 and a second limiting block 643. On one side of the outermost linkage rod 66 inside the movable groove column 72, there is a linkage block 651 that is in limiting cooperation with the first limiting block 642 and the second limiting block 643. On both sides of the first slag fishing plate 61 and the second slag fishing plate 62, there are top blocks 611.

[0047] Working principle of the pushing mechanism 8: Adjacent groove columns 64 or adjacent groove columns 65 are connected by a linkage rod 66. When it is necessary to increase the distance between the first slag fishing plate 61 and the second slag fishing plate 62, the fourth hydraulic cylinder 81 makes the pushing frame 82 move away from the second cover 31. The two first pushing columns 83 respectively pull the outermost groove column 64 to move outward. Through the linkage rod 66, multiple groove columns 64 move outward. When the outermost groove column 64 moves outward, through the cooperation of the first limiting block 642 and the linkage block 651, the groove column 65 is driven to move outward. When it is necessary to reduce the distance between the first slag fishing plate 61 and the second slag fishing plate 62, the fourth hydraulic cylinder 81 makes the pushing frame 82 move closer to the second cover 31. The first pushing column 83 pushes the groove column 64 to move inward. Through the second limiting block 643 and the second pushing column 84, the groove column 65 is pushed to move inward. At this time, the linkage rod 66 is hidden inside the groove column 64 or the groove column 65. The inner groove column 64 moves under the push of the outer groove column 64, and the same is true for the groove column 65. Finally, the top blocks 611 of the adjacent first slag fishing plate 61 and the second slag fishing plate 62 are in contact, the adjacent groove columns 64 or the adjacent groove columns 65 are in contact, the adjacent baffles 612 are in contact, and the side pushing plate 85 is in contact with the outer baffle 612 and the top block 611 to form a bucket-like structure.

[0048] Combined with the attached Figure 12 and the attached Figure 13 As shown, on one side of the discharge table 33, there is an arc table 331. The lower half of the arc table 331 is arranged inside the electrolytic cell 02. During the rotation of the first slag fishing plate 61 and the second slag fishing plate 62, there is a certain gap between the ends of the first slag fishing plate 61 and the second slag fishing plate 62 close to the arc table 331. On the top of the discharge table 33, there is a discharge inclined table 332. At the rear end of the second cover 31, there is a heat insulation plate 311 in contact with the discharge inclined table 332.

[0049] Working principle of the discharging table 33: When the slag scraping plate group 6 rotates with the cover two 31, there is a certain gap between the ends of the first slag scraping plate 61 and the second slag scraping plate 62 and the arc-shaped table 331 to prevent the floating slag from falling back onto the molten aluminum. The molten aluminum on the first slag scraping plate 61 and the second slag scraping plate 62 will flow into the electrolytic cell 02 through the gap. When the ends of the first slag scraping plate 61 and the second slag scraping plate 62 move to the discharging inclined table 332 position, the slag scraping plate group 6 is in an inclined state, and the gap between the heat insulation plate 311 and the discharging inclined table 332 becomes larger, so that the floating slag is poured onto the discharging inclined table 332 from the first slag scraping plate 61 and the second slag scraping plate 62 and flows out along the discharging inclined table 332.

[0050] In the specific implementation of the present invention, when the electrolytic cathode 04 and the electrolytic anode 05 electrolyze alumina, the slag skimming mechanism 2 and the slag scraping mechanism 3 are lifted and pressed against the furnace wall 01, and are blocked inside the slag skimming mechanism 2 and the slag scraping mechanism 3 by the heat insulation cage. After the electrolysis process is completed, the furnace door is opened, the electrolytic anode 05 is lifted and the heat insulation cage is taken out. Subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder one 23 drives the cover one 21 to move down and fall onto the floor 03 around the electrolytic cell 02, and the hydraulic cylinder two 32 drives the cover two 31 to move down and fall onto the floor 03 around the electrolytic cell 02, so that the two covers one 21 and the cover two 31 are closed to cover the top of the electrolytic cell 02 and slow down the heat dissipation. Driven by the driving mechanism 5, the slag skimming operation mechanism 4 of the slag skimming mechanism 2 pushes the floating slag on the surface of the molten aluminum above the slag scraping plate group 6. Subsequently, the slag scraping plate group 6 is closed, and the slag scraping mechanism 3 is lifted to fish out the floating slag from the surface of the molten aluminum, and the floating slag is poured out by the discharging table 33. The power mechanisms of the slag skimming mechanism 2 and the slag scraping mechanism 3 are equipped with a cooling system, and the inner sides of the cover one 21 and the cover two 31 adopt a heat insulation structure.

[0051] The above describes the present invention and its implementation manners. This description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. All in all, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design similar structural manners and embodiments without creative work without departing from the purpose of the present invention creation, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A furnace cleaning and slag removal device for electrolytic aluminum processing, comprising a cleaning device (1), characterized in that: The cleaning device (1) comprises a slag scraping mechanism (2) and a slag scooping mechanism (3). The slag scraping mechanism (2) is symmetrically provided with two slag scraping mechanisms (2). The slag scraping mechanism (2) comprises a cover (21) and a hydraulic cylinder (23) hingedly arranged in the electrolytic furnace (00). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (23) is hingedly connected to the cover (21). The cover (21) is provided with a liquid extraction guide hole (22). The bottom inner side of the slag scraping mechanism (2) is provided with a plurality of slag scraping operation mechanisms (4). The slag scraping operation mechanisms (4) comprise a swing arm (47) whose action end moves in an elliptical trajectory. A slag scraping plate (22) is rotatably provided on the swing arm (47). 48), a driving mechanism (5) for driving the slag removal mechanism (4) to operate is provided outside the electrolytic furnace (00), the slag removal mechanism (3) comprises a cover 2 (31) and a hydraulic cylinder 2 (32) hingedly arranged inside the electrolytic furnace (00), the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 (32) is hingedly connected to the cover 2 (31), a slag removal plate group (6) and a guide frame (7) are provided at the bottom of the cover 2 (31), the guide frame (7) is arranged on the inner side of the cover 2 (31), the slag removal plate group (6) is movably arranged below the guide frame (7), and the slag removal mechanism (3) also comprises a discharge platform (33) arranged at the rear side of the electrolytic furnace (00); During cleaning, two covers (1) (21) and (2) (31) cover the top of the electrolytic cell (02), and the slag on the surface of the molten aluminum is pushed from the front side of the electrolytic furnace (00) to the slag removal plate group (6) by the slag removal plate (48) of the slag removal operation mechanism (4). When the cover (2) (31) rotates, the slag removal plate group (6) is driven to rotate, so that the slag on the slag removal plate group (6) is lifted and dumped onto the discharge platform (33).

2. The furnace cleaning and slag removal device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag scraping operation mechanism (4) comprises a sprocket wheel one (41), a fixed gear wheel two (42) and a tripod (43). The sprocket wheels one (41) of the multiple groups of slag scraping operation mechanisms (4) are matched through chain transmission. One side of one of the sprocket wheels one (41) is coaxially connected to the sprocket wheel two (412). The driving mechanism (5) drives the sprocket wheel two (412) to rotate. The fixed gear wheel two (42) is fixedly arranged inside the cover one (21). The other side of the sprocket wheel one (41) is provided with a transmission shaft (411). The transmission shaft (411) passes through the axial through hole of the fixed gear wheel two (42) and is connected to one end of the tripod (43). The other end of the tripod (43) is rotatably provided with a swing arm one (46). The end of the swing arm one (46) is connected to a swing arm (47).

3. The furnace cleaning and slag removal device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tripod (43) has a transmission gear (44) and an adjustment gear (45) rotatably disposed at two end points thereof. The adjustment gear (45) is connected to a connecting shaft at the end of the first swing arm (46). The transmission gear (44) is meshed with the second fixed gear (42) and the adjustment gear (45) respectively. The number of teeth and the tooth pitch of the second fixed gear (42) and the adjustment gear (45) are equal.

4. The furnace cleaning and slag removal device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The swing arm (47) comprises two swing arms (471), a slider (472) and a slider (473). The top of the scraping plate (48) is rotatably connected to the ends of the two swing arms (471). The bottom of the scraping plate (48) is provided with a gravity rod (481). The end of the swing arm (46) is provided with a fixed shaft (461). The fixed shaft (461) is rotatably matched with the slider (472) and is connected to one of the swing arms (471). The end of the other swing arm (471) is rotatably connected to the slider (473). The slider (472) and the slider (473) are respectively slidably arranged in the slide grooves at both ends of the inner side of the cover (21).

5. The furnace cleaning and slag removal device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag scooping plate group (6) comprises a plurality of slag scooping plates (61) and slag scooping plates (62), which are arranged at intervals. The slag scooping plates (61) and slag scooping plates (62) are provided with baffles (612) on the side close to the slag removal mechanism (2) of the slag scooping plates (61) and slag scooping plates (62), and are provided with suspension rods (63) on the tops. The guide frame (7) comprises a fixed slot column (71) fixed to the bottom of the cover (31) and a movable slot column (72) that can be lifted and lowered. The cover (31) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (73), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (73) passes through a through hole on the cover (31) and is connected to the movable slot column (72). The slag scooping plates (61) and slag scooping plates (62) are suspended below the fixed slot column (71) and the movable slot column (72) respectively through the suspension rods (63).

6. The furnace cleaning and slag removal device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first slot column (64) and a second slot column (65) are slidably disposed in the fixed slot column (71) and the movable slot column (72), respectively; the first slag scoop plate (61) and the second slag scoop plate (62) are connected to the first slot column (64) and the second slot column (65) respectively through a suspension rod (63); a linkage shaft (641) is disposed inside the first slot column (64) and the second slot column (65); linkage rods (66) are disposed between adjacent first slot columns (64) and adjacent second slot columns (65); straight slots (661) slidably matched with the linkage shaft (641) are disposed at both ends of the linkage rods (66); and a pushing mechanism (8) is disposed at both ends of the cover cover (31) for pushing the first slot column (64) and the second slot column (65) to move, thereby reducing the distance between adjacent first slag scoop plates (61) and second slag scoop plates (62).

7. The furnace cleaning and slag removal device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (8) comprises a hydraulic cylinder four (81) arranged on the cover two (31); a pushing frame (82) is arranged at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder four (81); a pushing column one (83) and a pushing column two (84) are arranged on the pushing frame (82); the pushing column one (83) and the pushing column two (84) extend into the fixed slot column (71) and the movable slot column (72) respectively; the end of the pushing column one (83) is connected to the outermost slot column one (64) inside the fixed slot column (71); the end of the pushing column two (84) is in contact with the outermost slot column two (65) inside the movable slot column (72); and a side pushing plate (85) is arranged at the bottom of the pushing frame (82).

8. The furnace cleaning and slag removal device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first limit block (642) and a second limit block (643) are provided on one side of the outermost linkage rod (66) inside the fixed slot column (71), and a linkage block (651) that cooperates with the first limit block (642) and the second limit block (643) is provided on one side of the outermost linkage rod (66) inside the movable slot column (72).

9. The furnace cleaning and slag removal device for electrolytic aluminum processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: An arc-shaped platform (331) is provided on one side of the discharge platform (33), and the lower half of the arc-shaped platform (331) is arranged in the electrolytic cell (02). During the rotation of the first slag scoop plate (61) and the second slag scoop plate (62), the ends of the first slag scoop plate (61) and the second slag scoop plate (62) close to the arc-shaped platform (331) maintain a certain gap with the arc-shaped platform (331). A discharge inclined platform (332) is provided on the top of the discharge platform (33), and a heat insulation plate (311) in contact with the discharge inclined platform (332) is provided at the rear end of the second cover (31).

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