Tunnel foundation pit guiding and measuring device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel measurement, in particular to a tunnel foundation pit guiding and measuring device which comprises a parallel detection device, a vertical detection device and a supporting frame, the supporting frame is arranged above a foundation pit, the parallel detection device comprises a prism head, and the prism head is arranged at the upper end of the supporting frame. The measuring device is aligned with the prism head to measure the parallel position above the foundation pit; the vertical detection device comprises an adjusting assembly and a prism ball, the prism ball is connected to the lower end of the supporting frame through the adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly can adjust the distance between the prism ball and the supporting frame, the prism ball is composed of a plurality of triangular pyramids, and the prism ball extends into the foundation pit through the adjusting assembly. And the measuring device can be aligned with the prism ball at each position in the foundation pit to measure the interior of the foundation pit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel surveying, and particularly to a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel construction, when excavating a foundation pit below the ground, it is necessary to first measure the points above the tunnel at a parallel position above the tunnel, and then measure the points inside the foundation pit. The existing measurement method is to fix a support at the lower end of the prism lens, place the prism lens at the point to be measured, and use a measuring device to measure the position of the prism lens and obtain the result. This method is applicable to parallel positions inside the tunnel. When measuring the foundation pit, the prism lens can only be lowered into the foundation pit to measure the position of the prism lens. However, since there is only one measurement point corresponding to the measuring device for the prism lens each time, when changing the measurement point, the position of the prism lens needs to be continuously adjusted to perform the measurement. Due to the unevenness inside the foundation pit, when frequently changing the position of the prism lens, the measuring device needs to be repositioned once for each change, which not only greatly increases the construction period but also makes it difficult to avoid errors. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the technical problems existing in the background art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device includes a parallel detection device, a vertical detection device, and a support frame. The support frame is arranged above the foundation pit. The parallel detection device includes a prism lens, and the prism lens is arranged at the upper end of the support frame. The measuring device is aligned with the prism lens to perform a measurement operation on the parallel position above the foundation pit. The vertical detection device includes an adjustment component and a prism sphere. The prism sphere is connected to the lower end of the support frame through the adjustment component. The adjustment component can adjust the distance between the prism sphere and the support frame. The prism sphere is composed of several triangular pyramids. The prism sphere extends into the foundation pit through the adjustment component, and the measuring device can be aligned with the prism sphere at various positions inside the foundation pit to measure the inside of the foundation pit.

[0005] Preferably, the adjustment component includes a support. The support is conical and hollow. An insertion rod is detachably arranged on the parallel plane of the support. One end of the insertion rod extends into the interior of the support, and the prism sphere is connected to the insertion rod.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment component further includes a rotating wheel and a pulling rope. The pulling rope is wound around the rotating wheel. One end of the pulling rope is connected to the insertion rod, and the rotating wheel is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the support frame.

[0007] Preferably, a laser emitter is arranged inside the bracket, and the beam of the laser emitter shoots out from the tip of the bracket.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes a steel plate which is arranged in the foundation pit. The bracket is made of a magnetic material. The bracket is arranged aligning with the center point of the steel plate, and the bracket and the steel plate are magnetically connected.

[0009] Preferably, a clamping groove is arranged on the support frame. The clamping groove is arc-shaped. A support block is arranged at the lower end of the prism lens, and the support block is rotatably connected in the clamping groove.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting hole is arranged on the support frame at the position of the clamping groove, and the connecting hole communicates with the clamping groove. A connecting ring is arranged at the lower end of the support block, and the connecting ring extends out from the connecting hole. The pulling rope is arranged in the connecting ring.

[0011] Preferably, a telescopic rod is detachably arranged at one end of the support frame. The telescopic rod includes a rod body and a sleeve. The sleeve is hollow, the rod body is slidably connected in the sleeve, and a plurality of bolts are arranged on the sleeve. The bolts pass through the sleeve and are connected with the rod body.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a locking member which is arranged between the rotating wheel and the connecting ring. The locking member includes a locking block and an elastic member. The locking block is annular and is slidably connected with the support frame. One end of the elastic member is arranged in the middle of the locking block, and the other end is arranged at the upper end of the support frame. The pulling rope passes through the inside of the locking block.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a storage member which is connected to the lower end of the support frame. The storage member includes a storage box, a storage rack I and a storage rack II. The storage rack I is arranged in the storage box, the storage rack II is arranged in the storage box, the prism lens is snap-connected with the storage rack I, and the bracket is snap-connected with the storage rack II.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: In the present invention, the prism ball is composed of a plurality of triangular pyramids. The spherical structure combines multiple triangular pyramid units, which can realize omnidirectional light refraction or reflection in three-dimensional space. The prism ball extends into the foundation pit through the adjusting component, and the measuring device can be aligned with the prism ball at various positions in the foundation pit to measure the inside of the foundation pit. The parallel detection device can determine the plane position of the lead measuring device above the foundation pit, so that the plane position of the prism ball in the foundation pit is accurate, and further the measuring device can accurately measure in the foundation pit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel foundation pit lead measuring device proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 The front view of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 The exploded view of the connection between the prism lens and the support frame of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 The exploded view of the connection between the support frame and the prism ball of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the positions of the parallel detection device and the vertical detection device of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 is Figure 5 The partial enlarged view; Figure 7 The sectional view of the connection between the prism lens and the support frame of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 The sectional view of the support frame of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention; Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the open state of the storage part of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention; Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the structure of the storage rack II of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention; Figure 11 The schematic diagram of the storage state of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention; Figure 12 The schematic diagram of the working state of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention; Figure 13 The working principle diagram of a tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device proposed by the present invention.

[0016] Reference numerals: 1 - support frame, 101 - card slot, 102 - connection hole, 2 - telescopic rod, 21 - sleeve, 22 - rod body, 23 - locking bolt, 3 - parallel detection device, 31 - prism lens, 32 - support block, 321 - connection ring, 4 - prism ball, 41 - lifting ring, 5 - adjustment assembly, 51 - runner, 52 - pulling rope, 53 - support frame, 531 - conical structure, 532 - parallel plane, 54 - insertion rod, 541 - hook, 6 - laser emitter, 7 - locking part, 71 - locking block, 72 - elastic part, 8 - storage part, 81 - storage box, 82 - storage rack I, 83 - storage rack II, 831 - rotating shaft seat, 832 - pressing plate, 833 - torsion spring, 9 - steel plate, A - measuring device. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 11 As shown in

[0020] As Figures 1-3 、 Figures 5-7 、 Figure 9 、 Figures 11-13As shown in the figure, the parallel detection device 3 includes a prism lens 31. The prism lens 31 is arranged at the upper end of the support frame 1. There is a card slot 101 on the support frame 1. The card slot 101 is arranged in an arc shape. A support block 32 is arranged at the lower end of the prism lens 31 through insertion. The support block 32 is rotatably connected in the card slot 101. The prism lens 31 is connected to the support frame 1 through the support block 32. When the prism lens 31 is connected in the card slot 101, the prism lens 31 can rotate around the card slot 101 as the axis, thereby achieving the effect of changing the angle of the prism lens 31. When measuring in the tunnel, place the lead measurement device at the position to be measured in the tunnel, and align the measuring device A with the prism lens 31 to measure the parallel position in the tunnel. The measuring device A is a total station. In the prior art, when it is necessary to change the measuring angle, only the prism lens 31 can be lifted, rotated and then put down, and then the position of the prism lens 31 needs to be continuously fine-tuned. This is not only inefficient but also prone to errors. In the present invention, only by rotating the prism lens 31 can the measuring position be changed, and there is no need to frequently move the prism lens 31, which can not only meet more measurement requirements but also reduce errors.

[0021] As Figures 1-5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown in the figure, the vertical detection device includes an adjustment component 5 and a prism ball 4. The prism ball 4 is connected to the lower end of the support frame 1 through the adjustment component 5. The adjustment component 5 can adjust the distance between the prism ball 4 and the support frame 1. The prism ball 4 is composed of several triangular pyramids. The production material of the prism ball 4 is usually ordinary optical glass. The back of each triangular pyramid glass lens needs to be coated to meet the total reflection requirements. The spherical structure combined with multiple triangular pyramid units can achieve omnidirectional light refraction or reflection in three-dimensional space. The prism ball 4 extends into the foundation pit through the adjustment component 5. The measuring device A can be aligned with the prism ball 4 at various positions in the foundation pit to measure the inside of the foundation pit.

[0022] As Figures 1-9 , Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown in the figure, the adjusting assembly 5 includes a bracket 53, a runner 51 and a pulling rope 52. The bracket 53 is conical and hollow. The bracket 53 includes a parallel plane 532 and a conical structure 531. The parallel plane 532 of the bracket 53 can be detachably connected to the conical structure 531 of the bracket 53 by bolts. A plug rod 54 is detachably arranged on the parallel plane 532 of the bracket 53. The plug rod 54 is threadedly connected to the bracket 53. One end of the plug rod 54 extends into the bracket 53. A hanging ring 41 is arranged at the upper end of the prism ball 4. A hook 541 is arranged at the end of the plug rod 54 extending into the bracket 53. When the plug rod 54 is connected to the bracket 53, the hook 541 is connected to the hanging ring 41, so that the prism ball 4 is connected to the plug rod 54. When connecting the bracket 53 and the prism ball 4, only need to first disassemble the parallel plane 532 of the bracket 53, put the prism ball 4 into the bracket 53, then connect the parallel plane 532 and the conical structure 531, and finally suspend the prism ball 4 on the plug rod 54. Since the structure of the prism ball 4 is complex and its surface is easily damaged, the prism ball 4 is prone to collide with the conical structure 531 during the transportation of the surveying device, which will affect the surface quality of the prism ball 4 and cause errors in the measurement process. The overall structure is designed in a detachable manner. During transportation, the prism ball 4 and the bracket 53 are removed. The prism ball 4 is transported separately. During measurement, the prism ball 4 and the bracket 53 are assembled again. While ensuring the measurement accuracy, the structure of the prism ball 4 is protected to the greatest extent, and it is also convenient for disassembly and assembly.

[0023] As Figures 1-9 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 shown, the pulling rope 52 is a flexible rope. The pulling rope 52 is wound around the runner 51. One end of the pulling rope 52 is connected to the plug rod 54. The pulling rope 52 and the plug rod 54 can be adhered by glue. The runner 51 is connected to the lower end of the support frame 1 through a plate member, and the runner 51 can rotate within the plate member. The pulling rope 52 can be tightened or loosened on the runner 51. The runner 51 is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the support frame 1. When the pulling rope 52 is continuously tightened on the runner 51, the bracket 53 continuously moves towards the direction close to the support frame 1. When the pulling rope 52 is continuously loosened on the runner 51, the bracket 53 continuously moves towards the direction away from the support frame 1. The movement of the prism ball 4 in the vertical direction is realized by the rotation of the runner 51.

[0024] As Figure 8 , Figure 12 , Figure 13As shown, a laser emitter 6 is provided inside the support 53. The laser emitter 6 is a prior art component and can be a laser emitter 6 of model M126E2-1LD. The laser emitter 6 emits a laser beam unidirectionally. There is an opening at the tip of the support 53, and the beam of the laser emitter 6 is emitted from the tip of the support 53. When the support 53 is static, the beam of the laser emitter 6 is perpendicular to the ground. The steel plate 9 is arranged in the foundation pit. The support 53 is made of a magnetic material and is arranged aligning with the center point of the steel plate 9. There is a magnetic connection between the support 53 and the steel plate 9. When the support 53 is continuously moved into the foundation pit through the pull rope 52, the laser emitter 6 emits the beam onto the steel plate 9. Workers observe the position of the laser beam to adjust the position of the surveying and setting-out device. When the beam is at the center position of the steel plate 9, the surveying and setting-out device is fixed. The laser emitter 6 is used to position the overall position of the surveying and setting-out device to make its measurement position accurate. When the support 53 approaches the steel plate 9, due to the magnetic force, the steel plate 9 keeps the support 53 stable and prevents it from shaking on the pull rope 52, maintaining stability during measurement and enabling a more accurate measurement result.

[0025] As Figure 7 shown, connection holes 102 are provided on the support frame 1. The connection holes 102 are arranged at the position of the card slots 101 and the connection holes 102 communicate with the card slots 101. A connection ring 321 is provided at the lower end of the support block 32. The connection ring 321 extends out from the connection hole 102. The pull rope 52 is threaded through the connection ring 321. When the prism lens 31 is connected at the position of the card slot 101, the connection ring 321 extends out from the connection hole 102. The prism lens 31 is connected in a detachable manner. The reason is also that the prism lens 31 has a complex structure and is a precision instrument, and it is necessary to ensure that its structure is not damaged to prevent errors during the measurement process. The prism lens 31 is transported separately during transportation and assembled after reaching the measurement position, which can greatly protect the safety of the prism lens 31 during transportation and avoid the prism lens 31 being worn due to transportation. At the same time, the connection ring 321 can support the pull rope 52, making the pull rope 52 form an angle perpendicular to the ground, and also increasing the tension of the pull rope 52, enabling the support 53 to be more stable during the ascending or descending process.

[0026] As Figure 6As shown, the locking member 7 is arranged between the runner 51 and the connecting ring 321. The locking member 7 includes a locking block 71 and an elastic member 72. The locking block 71 is annularly arranged inside the support frame 1, and the locking block 71 is slidably connected to the support frame 1. One end of the elastic member 72 is arranged in the middle of the locking block 71, and the other end is arranged at the upper end of the support frame 1. The elastic member 72 is a spring. The pull rope 52 passes through the inside of the locking block 71. When the elastic member 72 is not under pressure, the bottom end of the locking block 71 is in close contact with the support frame 1 to press the pull rope 52, preventing the pull rope 52 from sliding. At this time, the height of the support 53 cannot be adjusted. When the height of the support 53 needs to be adjusted, press the upper end of the locking block 71 to compress the elastic member 72. The lower end of the locking block 71 is separated from the support frame 1, and the pull rope 52 can slide inside the locking block 71. At this time, the height of the support 53 can be adjusted.

[0027] As Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 shown, the storage member 8 is connected to the lower end of the support frame 1. The storage member 8 includes a storage box 81, a storage rack I 82 and a storage rack II 83. The storage box 81 is a box structure with one end that can be opened and closed. The storage rack I 82 is arranged inside the storage box 81, and the storage rack II 83 is arranged inside the storage box 81. The prism lens 31 is snap-connected to the storage rack I 82. The storage rack I 82 is a structure in the shape of several Ys. The lower end of the prism lens 31 is snap-connected to one of the storage racks I 82, and the lens position of the prism lens 31 is snap-connected to another storage rack I 82. The storage rack I 82 stably supports the prism lens 31. The support 53 is snap-connected to the storage rack II 83. The storage rack II 83 includes a pressing plate 832, a rotating shaft seat 831 and a torsion spring 833. The rotating shaft seat 831 is connected inside the storage box 81. Both ends of the pressing plate 832 are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft seat 831. The torsion spring 833 is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft seat 831. When the torsion spring 833 is not stressed, the pressing plate 832 is at a position close to the storage box 81. When the pressing plate 832 is pulled, the torsion spring 833 is compressed. When the pressing plate 832 is released, the torsion spring 833 resets, causing the pressing plate 832 to return to a position close to the storage box 81. When in use, put the support 53 into the storage box 81. First, open (rotate) the pressing plate 832, make the parallel plane 532 of the support 53 closely adhere to the inside of the storage box 81, and lower the pressing plate 832 so that the pressing plate 832 abuts against the support 53. The storage rack I 82 fixes the prism lens 31 in the storage box 81, and the storage rack II 83 fixes the support 53 in the storage box 81, which can greatly reduce the volume of the surveying device, making it efficient and fast during transportation. At the same time, it can protect the prism lens 31 and the support 53, keeping them stable during transportation and protecting the overall quality of the structure.

[0028] Working principle: Place multiple surveying and guiding devices at the planar positions above the foundation pit. Place measuring device A on the ground and align measuring device A with each prism lens 31 respectively. Measuring device A can obtain the position data of each surveying and guiding device through prism lens 31, and then obtain the detailed point position data above the foundation pit. Turn on the laser emitter 6 so that the laser of laser emitter 6 vertically shoots into the foundation pit. Place multiple steel plates 9 below the foundation pit and determine the placement positions of steel plates 9 according to the position of the laser. Press the locking block 71 to separate the locking block 71 from the pulling rope 52. Rotate the runner 51 to loosen the pulling rope 52 on the runner 51. The conical structure 531 gradually descends and approaches the steel plate 9. When the conical structure 531 approaches the steel plate 9, due to the magnetic force, the pulling rope 52 gradually becomes taut to prevent the prism ball 4 from shaking in the foundation pit. Release the locking block 71, and the elastic member 72 resets, making the bottom of the locking block 71 closely adhere to the support frame 1 and fixing the pulling rope 52. At this time, the position of the prism ball 4 in the foundation pit is fixed. Place measuring device A in the foundation pit. Measuring device A can obtain the corresponding point position information through the prism ball 4. At the same time, move the position of measuring device A to obtain the specific data of multiple points in the foundation pit. When the surveying inside and outside the foundation pit is completed, press the locking block 71 and rotate the runner 51 to retract the conical structure 531. When the conical structure 531 approaches the support frame 1, release the locking block 71 to fix the conical structure 531 at a position close to the support frame 1. Separate the insertion rod 54 from the parallel plane 532, then separate the parallel plane 532 from the conical structure 531. Take out the prism ball 4 and store it separately. Take out the pulling rope 52 from the connecting ring 321, then take out the support block 32 from the card slot 101. Snap the prism lens 31 into the interior of the storage rack I 82, and snap the parallel plane 532 into the storage rack II 83. Closing the storage box 81 can safely and stably transport the entire surveying and guiding device.

[0029] These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device, characterized in that: It includes a parallel detection device, a vertical detection device and a support frame. The support frame is arranged above the foundation pit. The parallel detection device includes a prism lens, and the prism lens is arranged at the upper end of the support frame. The measuring device aligns with the prism lens to perform measurement operations on the parallel position above the foundation pit. The vertical detection device includes an adjustment component and a prism sphere. The prism sphere is connected to the lower end of the support frame through the adjustment component. The adjustment component can adjust the distance between the prism sphere and the support frame. The prism sphere is composed of several triangular pyramids. The prism sphere extends into the foundation pit through the adjustment component, and the measuring device can align with the prism sphere at various positions in the foundation pit to measure the inside of the foundation pit.

2. The tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment component includes a bracket. The bracket is conical and hollow. A plug rod is detachably arranged on the parallel plane of the bracket. One end of the plug rod extends into the bracket, and the prism sphere is connected to the plug rod.

3. The tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment component further includes a runner and a pull rope. The pull rope is wound around the runner. One end of the pull rope is connected to the plug rod, and the runner is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the support frame.

4. The tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A laser emitter is arranged inside the bracket, and the beam of the laser emitter shoots out from the tip of the bracket.

5. The tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a steel plate. The steel plate is arranged in the foundation pit. The bracket is made of a magnetic material. The bracket is aligned with the center point of the steel plate, and the bracket is magnetically connected to the steel plate.

6. The tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A card slot is arranged on the support frame. The card slot is arc-shaped. A support block is arranged at the lower end of the prism lens, and the support block is rotatably connected in the card slot.

7. The tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A connection hole is arranged on the support frame. The connection hole is arranged at the position of the card slot and is communicated with the card slot. A connection ring is arranged at the lower end of the support block, and the connection ring extends out of the connection hole. The pull rope is threaded through the connection ring.

8. The tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the support frame is detachably provided with a telescopic rod. The telescopic rod includes a rod body and a sleeve. The sleeve is hollow. The rod body is slidably connected in the sleeve. A plurality of locking bolts are arranged on the sleeve, and the locking bolts pass through the sleeve and are connected to the rod body.

9. The tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a locking piece. The locking piece is arranged between the runner and the connection ring. The locking piece includes a locking block and an elastic piece. The locking block is annular and is slidably connected to the support frame. One end of the elastic piece is arranged in the middle of the locking block, and the other end is arranged at the upper end of the support frame. The pull rope passes through the inside of the locking block.

10. The tunnel foundation pit surveying and guiding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a storage piece. The storage piece is connected to the lower end of the support frame. The storage piece includes a storage box, a storage rack I and a storage rack II. The storage rack I is arranged in the storage box, and the storage rack II is arranged in the storage box. The prism lens is snap-connected to the storage rack I, and the bracket is snap-connected to the storage rack II.

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