A river bank collapse perception system and a perception method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of river bank collapse sensing technology, and discloses a river bank collapse sensing system and sensing method, including a ground-breaking mechanism and a sensing mechanism, the ground-breaking mechanism includes a ground-breaking part and at least two connecting rods, the ground-breaking part has a ground-breaking end for breaking the soil layer and a fixed end away from the ground-breaking end, at least two connecting rods are arranged in parallel with each other, one end of the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the fixed end of the ground-breaking part, and the connecting rod deviates from the axis of the ground-breaking part; the sensing mechanism includes a plurality of positioning components, the plurality of positioning components are sequentially arranged at the fixed end along the axial direction of the connecting rod, and are arranged between at least two connecting rods, and the positioning components are used to detect the displacement of the soil layer. The present invention can sense the displacement data of soil layers at different heights through a plurality of positioning components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of river bank collapse perception, and particularly relates to a river bank collapse perception system and a perception method. Background Art

[0002] River bank collapse is a phenomenon in which the slope soil mass becomes unstable due to water flow erosion, gravity, or internal soil structure damage. Its essence is the result of the interaction between water flow and bank slope materials.

[0003] Currently, river bank collapses are generally monitored by remote sensing technology or manual monitoring. For example, the publication number CN117953365A discloses a method for evaluating the risk level of river bank collapse, including the following steps: Step 1, collect remote sensing images and DEM data of the study area, including remote sensing image data of SAR satellites and optical satellites covering the study area, and DEM data of the study area; Step 2, use the SBAS technology to process the SAR satellite remote sensing images to obtain the deformation rate map of the study area; Step 3, after identifying possible surface deformations in the study area, further carry out optical satellite image observations synchronously to obtain more detailed potential bank collapse information; Step 4, after identifying the bank collapse through the optical satellite images, conduct emergency monitoring of the river channel topography near the bank collapse, and use the hardware integration of a three-dimensional laser scanner, a multi-beam sounding system, and a GNSS / INS tightly coupled inertial navigation system to perform shipborne water-land three-dimensional measurement of the bank collapse; Step 5, construct a Bayesian model for the risk level of river bank collapse, select the data collected in the above steps as inputs, and evaluate the risk level. Step 3 is specifically: Image preprocessing: Preprocess the optical satellite images obtained in Step 1, including atmospheric correction, geometric correction, and radiation correction; Image registration: Corresponding to the InSAR data, register the optical satellite images with the previously used SAR data to ensure that the image positions corresponding to the surface deformation areas are consistent; Image interpretation: Use the registered optical satellite images to interpret and analyze the previously identified surface deformation areas; Extract change information: During the image interpretation process, judge the water body and river bank parts in the image, extract the waterline coordinates, compare and calculate the differences in waterline coordinates at different times, and analyze the occurrence and expansion of the bank collapse.

[0004] When perceiving through remote sensing images, manual monitoring, UAV monitoring, etc., only the displacement of the soil layer surface can be perceived. However, before the occurrence of the bank collapse, there are actually displacement changes in the soil deep inside the soil layer. Existing methods such as remote sensing image monitoring, manual monitoring, and UAV monitoring cannot penetrate the soil layer surface and cannot reach different depth levels to obtain accurate soil displacement information and cannot perceive the movement data of the soil layers at different soil depths. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, propose a river bank collapse sensing system and sensing method, and solve the technical problem that the prior art cannot sense the displacement data of soil layers of different soil depths.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a river bank collapse sensing system, comprising:

[0008] A soil-breaking mechanism, comprising a soil-breaking portion and at least two connecting rods, wherein the soil-breaking portion has a soil-breaking end for breaking the soil layer and a fixed end away from the soil-breaking end, at least two connecting rods are arranged parallel to each other, one end of the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the fixed end of the soil-breaking portion, and the connecting rod deviates from the axis of the soil-breaking portion; and

[0009] The sensing mechanism includes a plurality of positioning components, which are sequentially arranged at the fixed end along the axial direction of the connecting rod and are arranged between at least two of the connecting rods. The positioning components are used to detect the displacement of the soil layer.

[0010] In one embodiment, the positioning assembly includes a fixed column and a positioning unit, a plurality of fixed columns in the positioning assembly are stacked in sequence, and an installation cavity is formed in the fixed column, the positioning unit is built into the fixed column, and the positioning unit is used to detect the displacement of the soil layer.

[0011] In one embodiment, the earth-breaking mechanism further includes a sleeve, which is sleeved on the plurality of the fixing columns and at least two of the connecting rods, and the sleeve is detachably connected to the connecting rods.

[0012] In one embodiment, the sensing mechanism further includes a plurality of spacer units, wherein the spacer units are disposed between two adjacent positioning components, the spacer units and the positioning units are alternately distributed along the axial direction of the connecting rod, the spacer units include a plurality of spacer blocks disposed along the axial direction of the connecting rod, and the axial length of the spacer units along the connecting rod is adjustable.

[0013] In one embodiment, the sleeve is provided with a first fixing groove, the outer wall of the fixing column is provided with a second fixing groove, and the second fixing groove is combined with the first fixing groove to form a receiving cavity matched with the connecting rod.

[0014] In one embodiment, at least one slot is formed on the inner wall of the second fixing groove, and the positioning assembly further includes at least one clamping unit, the clamping unit includes an elastic portion and a clamping portion, the clamping portion is slidably inserted in the slot, and the elastic portion connects the clamping portion and the fixing column to provide elastic force for the clamping portion to slide out of the slot.

[0015] In one embodiment, the sensing mechanism further includes a signal sending component, which is connected to the plurality of positioning units and is used to acquire and transmit a displacement signal of the soil layer detected by the positioning component.

[0016] In one embodiment, the fixing column is provided with a plurality of the second fixing grooves, and the plurality of the second fixing grooves are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the fixing column;

[0017] The sensing mechanism also includes a plurality of connecting components, one end of the connecting component passes through the second fixing grooves of the plurality of fixing columns and is electrically connected to the signal sending component, and the other end of the connecting component is electrically connected to the positioning unit.

[0018] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the fixing column is provided with a connecting hole communicating with the installation cavity;

[0019] The connection component includes a cable, one end of which is electrically connected to the signal sending component, the other end of which passes through the connecting hole and is built into the installation cavity, the other end of which is electrically connected to the positioning unit, and the other end of the cable is spiral.

[0020] The present invention also relates to a river bank collapse sensing method, using the above-mentioned river bank collapse sensing system, comprising the following steps:

[0021] The soil breaking part breaks the soil layer and drives the positioning assembly and the connecting rod to move to a set depth in the soil layer;

[0022] Rotate the connecting rod to separate the connecting rod from the soil breaking part;

[0023] The displacement data of soil layers at different heights are sensed through multiple positioning components.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, when the river bank collapse perception system and perception method provided by the present invention perform river bank collapse perception, the soil layer is broken by the soil-breaking part, and the positioning component and the connecting rod are driven to move to a set depth in the soil layer; then the connecting rod is rotated to separate the threaded connection between the connecting rod and the soil-breaking part, and the connecting rod is pulled out of the soil layer, and the displacement data of the soil layers at different heights are sensed by a plurality of positioning components; the soil layer can be broken by the soil-breaking part, and the connecting rod and a plurality of positioning components can be driven to move to the set depth of the soil layer. By providing at least two connecting rods, the force application structure can transmit the force to the soil-breaking part through the connecting rod to control the soil-breaking of the soil-breaking part; moreover, a plurality of positioning components are arranged between at least two connecting rods, and the connecting rod can protect the positioning components and fix the positioning components; after the soil-breaking part reaches the set depth, the connecting rod is rotated from outside the soil layer to control the separation of the connecting rod from the soil-breaking part. Since the number of connecting rods is at least two, the connecting rod deviates from the axis of the soil-breaking part. When the connecting rod is rotated, since the connecting rod deviates from the axis of the soil-breaking part, the soil layer can block the rotation of the soil-breaking part, so that the connecting rod can be smoothly separated from the soil-breaking part; by separating the connecting rod from the soil-breaking part, the separation of the connecting rod and the positioning component is realized. When the soil layer moves, the soil layer can drive the positioning component to move, avoiding the connecting rod from hindering the soil layer from driving the positioning component to move. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a river bank collapse perception system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a river bank collapse perception system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a river bank collapse perception system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a river bank collapse perception system provided by an embodiment of the present invention after hiding the sleeve;

[0029] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A in

[0030] Figure 6 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part B in

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a river bank collapse perception system provided by an embodiment of the present invention after the positioning component and the connection component;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a soil-breaking part, a connecting rod, a cable and a positioning unit in a river bank collapse perception system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a connecting rod, an elastic plug, an elastic ring and a connecting rope in a river bank collapse sensing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a river bank collapse sensing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention after the connecting parts, connecting rods and signal sending components are hidden;

[0035] Figure 11 It is a cross-sectional view of a river bank collapse sensing system provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] Ground-breaking mechanism 1; ground-breaking part 11; connecting rod 12; slot 12a; annular slot a1; sleeve 13; first fixing slot 13a; connecting member 14; fixing plate 141; flange 142; nut 143;

[0038] Sensing mechanism 2; positioning component 21; fixing column 211; second fixing groove 211a; positioning unit 212; spacing unit 22; spacing block 221; snap-on unit 213; elastic portion 2131; snap-on portion 2132; signal sending component 23; connecting component 24; cable 241; elastic plug 242; elastic ring 243; connecting rope 244. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a river bank collapse sensing system, including a ground-breaking mechanism 1 and a sensing mechanism 2, the ground-breaking mechanism 1 includes a ground-breaking part 11 and at least two connecting rods 12, the ground-breaking part 11 has a ground-breaking end for breaking the soil layer and a fixed end away from the ground-breaking end, at least two connecting rods 12 are arranged parallel to each other, one end of the connecting rod 12 is threadedly connected to the fixed end of the ground-breaking part 11, and the connecting rod 12 deviates from the axis of the ground-breaking part 11; the sensing mechanism 2 includes a plurality of positioning components 21, the plurality of positioning components 21 are sequentially arranged at the fixed end along the axial direction of the connecting rod 12, and are arranged between at least two connecting rods 12, and the positioning components 21 are used to detect the displacement of the soil layer.

[0041] Specifically, when perceiving river bank collapse, the soil breaking part 11 breaks through the soil layer, and drives the positioning assembly 21 and the connecting rod 12 to move to a set depth in the soil layer; then the connecting rod 12 is rotated to separate the threaded connection between the connecting rod 12 and the soil breaking part 11, and the connecting rod 12 is pulled out of the soil layer, and the displacement data of the soil layer at different heights is sensed by multiple positioning assemblies 21.

[0042] The soil breaking part 11 can break through the soil layer, drive the connecting rod 12 and multiple positioning assemblies 21 to move to the set depth of the soil layer. By setting at least two connecting rods 12, the force application structure can transmit the force to the soil breaking part 11 through the connecting rod 12 to control the soil breaking of the soil breaking part 11; moreover, multiple positioning assemblies 21 are arranged between at least two connecting rods 12, and the connecting rod 12 can protect the positioning assembly 21 and fix the positioning assembly 21; after the soil breaking part 11 reaches the set depth, the connecting rod 12 is rotated from outside the soil layer to control the separation of the connecting rod 12 from the soil breaking part 11. Since the number of connecting rods 12 is at least two, the connecting rod 12 deviates from the axis of the soil breaking part 11. When the connecting rod 12 is rotated, since the connecting rod 12 deviates from the axis of the soil breaking part 11, the soil layer can block the rotation of the soil breaking part 11, so that the connecting rod 12 can be smoothly separated from the soil breaking part 11; by separating the connecting rod 12 from the soil breaking part 11, the separation of the connecting rod 12 and the positioning assembly 21 is realized. When the soil layer moves, the soil layer can drive the positioning assembly 21 to move, avoiding the connecting rod 12 from hindering the soil layer from driving the positioning assembly 21 to move.

[0043] As Figure 3 shown, it should be understood that the soil breaking part 11 can be a cone, a drill bit, etc. The soil breaking part 11 can be gradually inserted into the soil layer by rotating, or the soil layer can be broken by directly inserting; it can also adopt the method of knocking and hammering the connecting rod 12 to drive the soil breaking part 11 to insert into the soil layer.

[0044] It should be understood that the number of the connecting rods 12 can be two, three, four, five, etc. It should be understood that the connecting rod 12 can be a rod body formed integrally, or can be formed by splicing multiple rod bodies axially in a threaded form. Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, in one of the embodiments, there are three connecting rods 12, and the three connecting rods 12 are circumferentially spaced apart along the soil breaking part 11.

[0045] It should be understood that the soil breaking part 11 is provided with three threaded holes, and one end of the connecting rod 12 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0046] It should be understood that the positioning assembly 21 can be a vibrating wire displacement sensor, a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System, abbreviated as GNSS, global satellite navigation system) sensor, an intelligent distributed soil displacement meter, a resistive displacement meter, etc.

[0047] It should be understood that the positioning component 21 may be only a sensor capable of recording soil layer displacement, or may be other structures, such as Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the positioning assembly 21 includes a fixed column 211 and a positioning unit 212. The fixed columns 211 in multiple positioning assemblies 21 are stacked in sequence, and an installation cavity is formed in the fixed column 211. The positioning unit 212 is built into the fixed column 211, and the positioning unit 212 is used to detect the displacement of the soil layer.

[0048] By configuring the positioning assembly 21 as a fixed column 211 and a positioning unit 212, the fixed column 211 can be stacked along the axial direction of the connecting rod 12, so that multiple positioning assemblies 21 can be stacked along the axial direction of the connecting rod 12. At the same time, the fixed column 211 can space the positioning units 212 in adjacent positioning assemblies 21, so that the positioning units 212 can be arranged in sequence at a specified height; by embedding the positioning unit 212 in the installation cavity, the fixed column 211 can protect the positioning unit 212 to prevent the positioning unit 212 from being directly squeezed and damaged by the soil layer.

[0049] It should be understood that the positioning unit 212 can be a vibrating string displacement sensor, a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System, abbreviated as GNSS) sensor, an intelligent distributed soil displacement meter, a resistive displacement meter, and the like.

[0050] In order to avoid the positioning assembly 21 from directly contacting and rubbing against the soil layer during the insertion process, for this purpose, Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the earth-breaking mechanism 1 further includes a sleeve 13, which is sleeved on the plurality of fixing columns 211 and at least two connecting rods 12, and the sleeve 13 is detachably connected to the connecting rod 12.

[0051] Specifically, when the ground-breaking part 11 is inserted into the soil layer, the sleeve 13 is connected to the connecting rod 12, and the sleeve 13 can isolate the soil layer from the connecting rod 12 and the positioning assembly 21, so as to prevent the fixed column 211, the connecting rod 12 and the positioning assembly 21 from directly contacting the soil layer, and prevent the positioning assembly 21 from being squeezed by the soil layer and being damaged; when the ground-breaking part 11 reaches the set depth, the connection between the sleeve 13 and the connecting rod 12 is released, so that the sleeve 13 can be removed from the connecting rod 12 and the ground-breaking part 11, and the sleeve 13 is pulled out of the soil layer. During the pulling-out process, since the ground-breaking part 11 is located in the soil layer, the ground-breaking part 11 can prevent the sleeve 13 from driving the connecting rod 12 and the positioning assembly 21 out of the soil layer. At the same time, since the sleeve 13 can be detached from the soil layer, it can prevent the sleeve 13 from preventing the soil layer from directly contacting the positioning unit 212. Multiple positioning units 212 can all contact the soil layer and can have different displacements in the soil layer.

[0052] It should be understood that the sleeve 13 and the connecting rod 12 can be detachably connected by bolts, screws, buckles, etc. Figure 2 As shown, in one of the embodiments, the earth-breaking mechanism 1 also includes a connecting piece 14, and the sleeve 13 and the connecting rod 12 are detachably connected through the connecting piece 14. The other end of the connecting rod 12 is provided with an external thread. The connecting piece 14 includes a fixed disk 141, a flange 142, and a nut 143. The fixed disk 141 is provided with a through hole relative to the connecting rod 12, and the through hole corresponds to the connecting rod 12 one by one. The fixed disk 141 is sleeved on the connecting rod 12 through the through hole, the flange 142 is connected to one end of the sleeve 13 away from the earth-breaking part 11, and the nut 143 is threadedly connected to the connecting rod 12 and abuts against one end of the fixed disk 141 away from the earth-breaking part 11.

[0053] By providing a fixing plate 141, a flange 142 and a nut 143, the connection between the connecting rod 12 and the sleeve 13 can be achieved, and the holes on the fixing plate 141 and the flange 142 can allow the earth-breaking mechanism 1 to be connected to the rotating mechanism, so that the earth-breaking part 11 can be driven to rotate or directly break the earth through an external rotating device.

[0054] The outer diameter of the sleeve 13 is smaller than the outer diameter of the ground-breaking portion 11 , so that one end of the sleeve 13 close to the ground-breaking portion 11 fits and abuts against the ground-breaking portion 11 .

[0055] In order to fix the positioning assembly 21 at different depths of the soil layer as required, for this purpose, Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the sensing mechanism 2 also includes a plurality of spacing units 22, the spacing units 22 are arranged between two adjacent positioning components 21, the spacing units 22 and the positioning units 212 are alternately distributed along the axial direction of the connecting rod 12, the spacing unit 22 includes a plurality of spacing blocks 221 arranged along the axial direction of the connecting rod 12, and the axial length of the spacing unit 22 along the connecting rod 12 is adjustable.

[0056] In this embodiment, a spacing unit 22 is provided between adjacent positioning components 21, and the spacing unit 22 is composed of a plurality of spacing blocks 221. By setting the number of spacing blocks 221, the axial length of the spacing unit 22 along the connecting rod 12 can be adjusted. The spacing unit 22 can adjust the distance between adjacent positioning components 21, so that the positioning unit 212 can be fixed at different depths according to the settings.

[0057] It should be understood that the spacer block 221 can be circular, square, hexagonal, etc. Specifically, in one embodiment, the spacer block 221 is a cylindrical sheet. The spacer block 221 is located between the three connecting rods 12 and is spaced apart from the three connecting rods 12. There is a gap between the spacer block 221 and the connecting rod 12 for the elastic ring 243 to slide through.

[0058] When the depth of the soil-breaking part 11 inserted into the soil layer is deeper, the required length of the connecting rod 12 is longer. The longer the length of the connecting rod 12 is, the more likely the connecting rod 12 will be distorted when it is rotated. Therefore, as Figure 10 shown, in one of the embodiments, the sleeve 13 is provided with a first fixing groove 13a, and the outer wall of the fixing column 211 is provided with a second fixing groove 211a. The second fixing groove 211a and the first fixing groove 13a are combined to form a receiving cavity that cooperates with the connecting rod 12.

[0059] In this embodiment, on the basis of providing the sleeve 13 and the fixing column 211, a cooperating first fixing groove 13a and a second fixing groove 211a are provided between the sleeve 13 and the fixing column 211. The first fixing groove 13a and the second fixing groove 211a are combined to form a receiving cavity that can cooperate with the connecting rod 12. The receiving cavity can limit the connecting rod 12, so that the connecting rod 12 can only rotate relative to the sleeve 13 and the fixing column 211, avoiding the distortion of the connecting rod 12 when the connecting rod 12 is rotated; at the same time, the cooperation between the second fixing groove 211a and the connecting rod 12 can position the circumference of the fixing column 211.

[0060] It should be understood that the second fixing groove 211a is arranged along the axial direction of the fixing column 211.

[0061] After the positioning unit 212 is inserted into the soil layer and the sleeve 13 and the connecting rod 12 are taken out, there may be a gap between the soil layer and the positioning unit 212, so that the positioning unit 212 may move relative to the soil layer in the depth direction. In order to limit the movement of the positioning unit 212 relative to the soil layer, therefore, as Figure 7 and Figure 11 shown, in one of the embodiments, at least one slot is provided on the inner wall of the second fixing groove 211a. The positioning assembly 21 further includes at least one clamping unit 213. The clamping unit 213 includes an elastic part 2131 and a clamping part 2132. The clamping part 2132 is slidably inserted into the slot, and the elastic part 2131 connects the clamping part 2132 and the fixing column 211 to provide an elastic force for the clamping part 2132 to slide out of the slot.

[0062] In this embodiment, when installing the installation and positioning assembly 21, first connect multiple connecting rods 12 to the soil-breaking part 11, and then set the second fixing groove 211a of the fixing column 211 in the positioning assembly 21 opposite to the connecting rod 12, so that the second fixing groove 211a of the fixing column 211 is clamped on the connecting rod 12. Then slide the fixing column 211, so that the fixing column 211 drives the positioning unit 212 to slide in the direction close to the soil-breaking part 11 until it slides to the set position. When the second fixing groove 211a of the fixing column 211 is aligned with the connecting rod 12, the connecting rod 12 will squeeze the clamping part 2132 and the elastic part 2131 in the slot, so that the clamping part 2132 squeezes the elastic part 2131 and pushes the clamping part 2132 into the slot; when the connecting rod 12 is separated from the soil-breaking part 11, the connecting rod 12 is separated from the soil layer. At this time, the clamping part 2132 is separated from the connecting rod 12, and the clamping part 2132 slides out of the slot under the action of the elastic part 2131 and can slide and abut against the soil layer, which can prevent the positioning unit 212 from moving relative to the soil layer.

[0063] Through the combination of the clamping part 2132, the elastic part 2131 and the connecting rod 12, the connecting rod 12 can control the sliding of the clamping part 2132 into and out of the slot without setting an additional control mechanism; moreover, when the connecting rod 12 pushes the clamping part 2132 into the slot, the elastic part 2131 will apply a resisting force to the clamping part 2132 to abut against the connecting rod 12. This resisting force can limit the relative movement of the fixing column 211 with respect to the connecting rod 12, so that when the fixing column 211 is assembled, it will not move without external force, which is convenient for assembling the fixing columns 211 in multiple positioning units 212.

[0064] It should be understood that the clamping part 2132 can be a clamping block, a clamping strip, a clamping rod, etc.; the elastic part 2131 can be a spring, a rubber block, a silica gel block, etc. In one of the embodiments, one end of the clamping part 2132 facing the connecting rod 12 is U-shaped and can cooperate with the outer wall of the connecting rod 12.

[0065] By making one end of the clamping part 2132 facing the connecting rod 12 be U-shaped, the U-shaped clamping part 2132 can slide and fit the connecting rod 12, increasing the contact area between the connecting rod 12 and the clamping part 2132, increasing the friction force, and preventing the positioning assembly 21 from moving relative to the connecting rod 12 when the soil-breaking part 11 enters the soil layer. At the same time, by making one end of the clamping part 2132 facing the connecting rod 12 be U-shaped, the U-shaped end of the clamping part 2132 can be embedded in the soil layer, increasing the bonding force between the positioning assembly 21 and the soil layer and preventing the positioning assembly 21 from moving relative to the soil layer.

[0066] In order to transmit the soil layer displacement data detected by the positioning unit 212 outward, for this purpose, as Figure 6As shown, in one of the embodiments, the sensing mechanism 2 further includes a signal transmitting component 23. The signal transmitting component 23 is connected to a plurality of positioning units 212 and is used to obtain and transmit the displacement signals of the soil layer detected by the positioning component 21.

[0067] In this embodiment, by providing the signal transmitting component 23, which is connected to a plurality of positioning units 212, the signal transmitting component 23 can collect and transmit outward the displacement signals of the soil layer detected by the positioning component 21, and can collect the soil layer displacement data at different depths of the soil layer.

[0068] It should be understood that the signal transmitting component 23 can be connected by wireless communication or by electrical connection with a cable 241.

[0069] It should be understood that during use, the signal transmitting component 23 can be located inside the sleeve 13 or can be taken out and placed on the ground.

[0070] It should be understood that among them, the signal transmitting component 23 can be a wireless communication module. The wireless communication module can adopt wireless communication modules that support protocols such as 4G / 5G, LoRa, and NB-IoT. For example, a GNSS sensor transmits data to a data receiving and analysis platform through 4G / Ethernet; the wireless communication module can also adopt magnetic induction technology, and can also penetrate underground signals through changes in the coil magnetic field; it can also form a network through ZigBee or Mesh to receive and transmit data outward; the signal transmitting component 23 and the positioning unit 212 can be connected to the positioning unit 212 through industrial buses such as RS485 and CAN bus, or can be connected to the positioning unit 212 by optical fiber or coaxial cable, and receive data accordingly, or can be a combination of the above multiple modules to achieve data reception and transmission. For example, the positioning unit 212, RS-485 bus, edge gateway (including 4G module), and cloud platform are electrically connected in sequence; among them, various positioning units 212 and modules can be powered by solar energy, or can be powered by batteries or municipal cables.

[0071] In order to achieve the electrical connection between the positioning unit 212 and the signal transmitting component 23, therefore, as Figure 10 shown, in one of the embodiments, the fixing column 211 is provided with a plurality of second fixing grooves 211a, and the plurality of second fixing grooves 211a are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the fixing column 211; the sensing mechanism 2 further includes a plurality of connecting components 24. One end of the connecting component 24 passes through the second fixing grooves 211a of the plurality of fixing columns 211 and is electrically connected to the signal transmitting component 23, and the other end of the connecting component 24 is electrically connected to the positioning unit 212.

[0072] In this embodiment, by providing the connection component 24, the connection component 24 realizes the electrical connection between the signal transmission component 23 and the positioning unit 212. The wired connection method can achieve long-distance non-attenuated transmission, and the length can be adjusted as needed, which can avoid the signal transmission being shielded by the soil layer.

[0073] In this embodiment, when providing the connection component 24, the connection component 24 can pass through the second fixing groove 211a of the fixing column 211, so that the connection component 24 can pass through the fixing column 211 via the second fixing groove 211a and pass through between the sleeve 13 and the connection column.

[0074] Among them, the connection components 24 and the positioning components 21 can be provided in one-to-one correspondence, or multiple connection components 24 can correspond to one positioning component 21. Specifically, in one of the embodiments, the connection components 24 and the positioning components 21 can be provided in one-to-one correspondence.

[0075] It should be understood that the connection component 24 can be an optical fiber, a twisted pair, a CAN (Controller Area Network) bus, etc.

[0076] When the soil layer pushes the fixing column 211 and the positioning unit 212 to move, it will pull the connection component 24 to move. To adapt to the movement of the fixing column 211 and the positioning unit 212, therefore, as Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , and Figure 9 shown, in one of the embodiments, a communication hole communicating with the installation cavity is provided on the outer wall of the fixing column 211, a card slot 12a is provided on the connecting rod 12, the connection component 24 includes a cable 241, an elastic plug 242, an elastic ring 243 and a connection rope 244. One end of the cable 241 is electrically connected to the signal transmission component 23, and the other end passes through the communication hole and is placed inside the installation cavity. The other end of the cable 241 is electrically connected to the positioning unit 212. The other end of the cable 241 is spiral. The elastic plug 242 is slidably inserted into the communication hole. The elastic ring 243 is sleeved on the connecting rod 12. One end of the connection rope 244 is connected to the elastic plug 242, and the other end is connected to the elastic ring 243. It should be understood that the cable 241 can also directly pass through the outer wall of the fixing column 211 and be electrically connected to the signal transmission component 23.

[0077] During the process of the soil-breaking part 11 being inserted into the soil layer, the elastic plug 242 is inserted into the communication hole and seals the communication hole. At this time, the cable 241 can be fixed at the position passing through the communication hole, avoiding the spiral end of the cable 241 spreading outwards during the process of the soil-breaking part 11 being inserted into the soil layer. When the soil-breaking part 11 reaches the set position, at this time, rotate the connecting rod 12 and pull out the connecting rod 12. When pulling out the connecting rod 12, when the elastic ring 243 slides over the clamping groove 12a, the elastic ring 243 can contract and be clamped in the clamping groove 12a. Under the clamping of the clamping groove 12a, the elastic ring 243, the connecting rope 244 and the elastic plug 242 can be driven to move, so that the elastic plug 242 is separated from the communication hole. At this time, the cable 241 can elongate to avoid the cable 241 restricting the movement of the positioning unit 212 and the fixing column 211 when the soil layer pushes the positioning unit 212 and the fixing column 211 to move.

[0078] It should be understood that the clamping groove 12a can be annular, spiral, etc. Specifically, as Figure 9 shown, in one of the embodiments, the clamping groove 12a includes two annular grooves a1. The axes of the two annular grooves a1 intersect with the axis of the connecting rod 12 and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting rod 12. The two annular grooves a1 are symmetrically distributed along the mid-perpendicular plane of the connecting rod 12.

[0079] It should be understood that the material of the elastic ring 243 can be silicone rubber, nitrile rubber, thermoplastic polyurethane, etc.; the material of the elastic plug 242 can be rubber, silica gel, etc.

[0080] By setting the clamping groove 12a as two annular grooves a1 and the two annular grooves a1 are inclined, when the elastic ring 243 passes through the inclined annular groove a1, the inclined annular groove a1 can guide the elastic ring 243 into the annular groove a1, so that the elastic ring 243 is easily clamped in the annular groove a1 under the action of its own elastic contraction force, so that the pulled-out connecting rod 12 can drive the elastic plug 242 to separate from the communication hole; secondly, by symmetrically distributing the two annular grooves a1 along the mid-perpendicular plane of the connecting rod 12, the two annular grooves a1 are symmetrically distributed at 180° on both sides of the connecting rod 12, so that the connecting rod 12 can be clamped with the elastic ring 243 through the annular groove a1 no matter what the rotation angle is; when installing the connecting rod 12 and the elastic ring 243, the elastic ring 243 can be stretched outwards so that the outer diameter of the elastic ring 243 is greater than the outer diameter of the connecting rod 12, so that the elastic ring 243 can smoothly slide over the clamping groove 12a.

[0081] The present invention also relates to a method for perceiving river bank collapse, which uses the above-mentioned river bank collapse perception system and includes the following steps:

[0082] The soil-breaking part 11 breaks the soil layer and drives the positioning assembly 21 and the connecting rod 12 to move to a set depth in the soil layer;

[0083] Rotate the connecting rod 12 to separate the connecting rod 12 from the soil-breaking part 11;

[0084] Perceive the displacement data of soil layers at different heights through multiple positioning components 21.

[0085] The data detected by the positioning components 21 is transmitted outward through the signal sending component 23. By analyzing the transmitted data, according to the detected soil layer displacement data, risk grading is carried out for different magnitudes of displacement data, setting three levels: low risk (observation), medium risk (warning), and high risk (emergency treatment). Each level is set with clear displacement thresholds, treatment measures, and support of relevant technical means. For low risk, only continuous monitoring and data recording are required. For medium risk, the attention is increased, and an engineering team is sent for regular inspections. For high risk, real-time alarm and the intervention of the engineering team are required.

[0086] Among them, the cumulative displacement amount set for low risk (observation) is less than 10 mm, the cumulative displacement amount set for medium risk (warning) is between 10 - 30 mm, and the cumulative displacement amount set for high risk (emergency treatment) is greater than 30 mm. When the cumulative displacement amount reaches the set value, it is classified into the corresponding level.

[0087] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0088] The specific implementation manners of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and deformations made according to the technical concept of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river bank collapse perception system, characterized in that, include: A soil-breaking mechanism, comprising a soil-breaking portion and at least two connecting rods, wherein the soil-breaking portion has a soil-breaking end for breaking the soil layer and a fixed end away from the soil-breaking end, at least two connecting rods are arranged parallel to each other, one end of the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the fixed end of the soil-breaking portion, and the connecting rod deviates from the axis of the soil-breaking portion; and The sensing mechanism comprises a plurality of positioning components, the plurality of positioning components are sequentially arranged at the fixed end along the axial direction of the connecting rod and are arranged between at least two of the connecting rods, and the positioning components are used to detect the displacement of the soil layer; the positioning components comprise a fixed column and a positioning unit, the fixed columns in the plurality of positioning components are sequentially stacked, and an installation cavity is formed in the fixed column, the positioning unit is built in the fixed column, and the positioning unit is used to detect the displacement of the soil layer; The earth-breaking mechanism further comprises a sleeve, which is sleeved on the plurality of the fixing columns and at least two of the connecting rods, and the sleeve is detachably connected to the connecting rods; the sleeve is provided with a first fixing groove, and the outer wall of the fixing column is provided with a second fixing groove, and the second fixing groove is combined with the first fixing groove to form a receiving cavity matched with the connecting rod; At least one slot is formed on the inner wall of the second fixing groove, and the positioning assembly further includes at least one snap-in unit, which includes an elastic portion and a snap-in portion, the snap-in portion is slidably inserted into the slot, and the elastic portion connects the snap-in portion and the fixing column to provide elastic force for the snap-in portion to slide out of the slot.

2. The river bank collapse sensing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing mechanism also includes a plurality of spacer units, wherein the spacer units are arranged between two adjacent positioning components, the spacer units and the positioning units are alternately distributed along the axial direction of the connecting rod, the spacer units include a plurality of spacer blocks arranged along the axial direction of the connecting rod, and the axial length of the spacer units along the connecting rod is adjustable.

3. The river bank collapse sensing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing mechanism also includes a signal sending component, which is connected to the plurality of positioning units and is used to acquire and transmit the displacement signal of the soil layer detected by the positioning component.

4. The river bank collapse sensing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing column is provided with a plurality of the second fixing grooves, and the plurality of the second fixing grooves are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the fixing column; The sensing mechanism also includes a plurality of connecting components, one end of the connecting component passes through the second fixing grooves of the plurality of fixing columns and is electrically connected to the signal sending component, and the other end of the connecting component is electrically connected to the positioning unit.

5. The river bank collapse sensing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fixing column is provided with a connecting hole communicating with the installation cavity; The connection component includes a cable, one end of which is electrically connected to the signal sending component, the other end of which passes through the connecting hole and is built into the installation cavity, the other end of which is electrically connected to the positioning unit, and the other end of the cable is spiral.

6. A method for perceiving river bank collapse, characterized in that, Using the river bank collapse sensing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the following steps: The soil breaking part breaks the soil layer and drives the positioning assembly and the connecting rod to move to a set depth in the soil layer; Rotate the connecting rod to separate the connecting rod from the soil breaking part; The displacement data of soil layers at different heights are sensed through multiple positioning components.

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