Railway passenger train wheel set bearing clearance automatic measuring device

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic measurement device for a bearing clearance of a passenger train wheel set, belongs to the technical field of bearing clearance measurement, and aims to solve the problems of insufficient automation degree and frequent manual intervention of the conventional measurement device. Floating systems capable of adjusting the positions of the wheel sets are arranged on the two sides of the interior of the base, guide rails allowing the wheel sets to move are installed in the surface of the base, and clearance detection structures for detecting bearings installed at the ends of the wheel sets are arranged on the portions, on the side faces of the floating systems, of the base; the clearance detection structure drives a measurement mounting frame to slide through a movable cylinder, and full-flow automation of clearance measurement is realized by combining bearing jacking of a jacking cylinder, pressing of a pressing plate of an upper cylinder and real-time data acquisition of a measurement sensor; the arrangement of the guide wheel and the motor can drive the bearing in the wheel pair to rotate, thereby guaranteeing the 360-degree comprehensive detection of the bearing clearance, and improving the measurement precision and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A kind of automatic measuring equipment for the clearance of the axle box bearings of railway passenger car wheelsets. The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing clearance measurement, and particularly relates to the technical field of automatic measuring equipment for the clearance of the axle box bearings of railway passenger car wheelsets. Background Art

[0002] In the operation and maintenance of railway passenger cars, the accurate measurement of the clearance of the axle box bearings is a key link to ensure the safety of train operation. The existing measuring equipment generally has problems such as insufficient automation, frequent manual intervention, low measuring efficiency, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of rapid positioning and accurate detection of different specifications of wheelsets. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a kind of measuring equipment for the clearance of the axle box bearings of wheelsets that integrates automatic positioning and efficient detection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide an automatic measuring equipment for the clearance of the axle box bearings of railway passenger car wheelsets, so as to solve the problems of insufficient automation, frequent manual intervention and low measuring efficiency existing in the existing measuring equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical solutions: An automatic measuring equipment for the clearance of the axle box bearings of railway passenger car wheelsets, including a base and a wheelset. Both sides inside the base are provided with floating systems capable of adjusting the position of the wheelset. On the base on the side of the floating system, there is a clearance detection structure for detecting the bearings installed at the ends of the wheelset.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of the invention, a guiding rail for the wheelset to move is installed inside the surface of the base. The wheelset passes through the position of the floating system along the guiding rail. Openings are provided at the positions corresponding to the floating systems on the surface of the base. Between the two openings, there is a support for limiting the axle of the wheelset. A V-shaped groove is provided at the position where the support contacts the axle.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the invention, the floating system includes a lifting cylinder I installed inside the support. The top of the lifting cylinder I is provided with a U-shaped connecting seat I. Inside the U-shaped connecting seat I, a traveling rail is rotatably installed. The traveling rail is connected to the guiding rail through a transition rail. Both between the traveling rail and the transition rail and between the transition rail and the guiding rail are rotatably connected through pin shafts.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a rotating base is installed inside the base on one side of the lifting cylinder. A second lifting cylinder is rotatably installed inside the rotating base. The top end of the second lifting cylinder is provided with a U-shaped connecting seat II. The U-shaped connecting seat II is connected to the U-shaped connecting seat I through a push plate. The U-shaped connecting seat II and the push plate, as well as the push plate and the U-shaped connecting seat I, are all rotatably connected through a pin shaft.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the push plate is arranged on the side of the walking rail close to the feeding side of the support, and a connecting groove for it to pass through is opened on the surface of the walking rail corresponding to the push plate. A V-shaped block is installed at the top end of the push plate close to the U-shaped connecting seat II.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the clearance detection structure includes sliding mounting seats installed on both sides of the surface of the base. A measuring mounting frame is arranged above the sliding mounting seats. The bottom end of the measuring mounting frame is provided with a slider capable of sliding on the slide rail of the sliding mounting seat. A moving cylinder for providing power for the sliding of the measuring mounting frame is installed at the top end inside the base. A jacking cylinder capable of jacking up the bearing at the end of the wheel set is installed on the surface of the base between the measuring mounting frame and the opening. The top end of the jacking cylinder is provided with a top plate.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a connecting plate is installed on the measuring mounting frame. The bottom end of the connecting plate is provided with an upper cylinder. The bottom end of the upper cylinder is provided with a sensor mounting seat. A measuring sensor for measurement is installed inside the sensor mounting seat.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an L-shaped mounting plate is arranged outside the side of the measuring mounting frame away from the connecting plate. The bottom end of the L-shaped mounting plate is fixed to the side surface of the measuring mounting frame through an L-shaped support plate. The L-shaped support plate and the L-shaped mounting plate are connected through a rotating shaft. A translation cylinder is connected to the surface of the L-shaped mounting plate corresponding to the upper cylinder through a hinge seat at the top end. The bottom end of the translation cylinder is arranged between the upper cylinder and the measuring mounting frame. A support rod for fixing the bottom end of the translation cylinder is arranged on the measuring mounting frame. A connecting shaft is installed on the surface of the L-shaped mounting plate corresponding to the measuring sensor through a bearing seat. A guide wheel capable of contacting the bearing on the wheel set is sleeved outside the connecting shaft. The connecting shaft penetrates and extends outside the L-shaped mounting plate and is connected to a motor.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Automated positioning and adjustment: The floating system realizes the automatic adjustment of the lifting and lateral displacement of the wheel set through the linkage of the first lifting cylinder, the second lifting cylinder and the push plate, and cooperates with the precise positioning of the V-shaped groove and the V-shaped block to improve the accuracy of the measurement reference.

[0013] Efficient and accurate measurement: The clearance detection structure drives the measurement mounting frame to slide through a moving cylinder. Combining the bearing lifting of the jacking cylinder, the pressing of the pressing plate by the upper cylinder, and the real-time data acquisition of the measurement sensor, it realizes the full-process automation of clearance measurement. The setting of the guide wheel and the motor can drive the bearing inside the wheel pair to rotate, ensuring that the bearing clearance can be comprehensively detected at 360°, improving the measurement accuracy and efficiency.

[0014] Compact structure and adaptability: The overall layout of the equipment is reasonable, and each component realizes flexible linkage through pin shafts, slide rails, etc., which can adapt to the rapid clamping and detection of different specifications of wheel pairs, reducing the labor intensity of workers and meeting the high-efficiency requirements of railway passenger car maintenance. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a front view of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the clearance detection structure of the present invention; Figure 4 is a side schematic diagram of the clearance detection structure of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the floating system structure of the present invention; 1 - Wheel pair; 2 - Clearance detection structure; 21 - Upper cylinder; 22 - Translation cylinder; 23 - Measurement sensor; 24 - Sensor mounting seat; 25 - L-shaped mounting plate; 26 - Motor; 27 - Measurement mounting frame; 28 - Slide block; 29 - Sliding mounting seat; 210 - Moving cylinder; 211 - Guide wheel; 212 - Connecting plate; 213 - L-shaped support plate; 214 - Rotating shaft; 215 - Bearing seat; 216 - Connecting shaft; 3 - Floating system; 31 - Transition rail; 32 - Running rail; 33 - U-shaped connecting seat one; 34 - Lifting cylinder one; 35 - U-shaped connecting seat two; 36 - Lifting cylinder two; 37 - Rotating base; 38 - Pushing plate; 39 - V-shaped block; 4 - Base; 41 - Guide rail; 42 - Opening; 43 - Jacking cylinder; 44 - Support. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0016] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , the present invention provides a technical solution: An automatic measuring device for the clearance of a railway passenger car wheel set bearing, comprising a base 4 and a wheel set 1. On both sides inside the base 4, a floating system 3 capable of adjusting the position of the wheel set is provided. On the base 4 on the side of the floating system 3, a clearance detection structure 2 for detecting the bearing installed at the end of the wheel set 1 is provided.

[0018] Inside the surface of the base 4, a guide rail 41 for the wheel set 1 to move is installed. The wheel set 1 passes along the guide rail 41 from the position of the floating system 3. Openings 42 are provided on the surface of the base 4 corresponding to the position of the floating system 3. Between the two openings 42, a support 44 for limiting the axle of the wheel set 1 is provided. At the position where the support 44 contacts the axle, a V-shaped groove is provided, so that the wheel set 1 to be detected can reach the position of the floating system 3 along the guide rail 41.

[0019] The floating system 3 includes a lifting cylinder 1 34 installed inside the support 44. At the top of the lifting cylinder 1 34, a U-shaped connecting seat 1 33 is provided. Inside the U-shaped connecting seat 1 33, a walking rail 32 is rotatably installed. The walking rail 32 is connected to the guide rail 41 through a transition rail 31. Both between the walking rail 32 and the transition rail 31 and between the transition rail 31 and the guide rail 41 are rotatably connected by a pin shaft. By adjusting the position of the walking rail 32 through the lifting cylinder 1 34, the bearing to be detected on the wheel set 1 can be located inside the set detection area. At the same time, the angle of the walking rail 32 can be adjusted according to the use requirements, so as to facilitate the support and limit operation of wheel sets 1 of different specifications.

[0020] Inside the base 4 on the side of the lifting cylinder 1 34, a rotating base 37 is installed. Inside the rotating base 37, a lifting cylinder 2 36 is rotatably installed. At the top of the lifting cylinder 2 36, a U-shaped connecting seat 2 35 is installed. The U-shaped connecting seat 2 35 is connected to the U-shaped connecting seat 1 33 through a push plate 38. Both between the U-shaped connecting seat 2 35 and the push plate 38 and between the push plate 38 and the U-shaped connecting seat 1 33 are rotatably connected by a pin shaft. Thus, it is convenient to drive the push plate 38 to move through the lifting cylinder 2 36, and thus push out the wheel set 1 after detection.

[0021] The push plate 38 is arranged on the side of the walking rail 32 close to the feeding side of the support 44, and a connecting groove for it to pass through is provided on the surface of the walking rail 32 corresponding to the push plate 38. At the top of the push plate 38 close to the U-shaped connecting seat 2 35, a V-shaped block 39 is installed. By controlling the operation of the lifting cylinder 2 36, it is convenient to adjust the position of the push plate 38, and thus push the measured wheel set 1, so as to facilitate the subsequent measurement operation.

[0022] The backlash detection structure 2 includes sliding mounts 29 installed on both sides of the surface of the base 4. Above the sliding mounts 29, there is a measurement mounting frame 27. At the bottom end of the measurement mounting frame 27, there is a slider 28 that can slide on the slide rail of the sliding mount 29. At the inner top end of the base 4, there is a moving cylinder 210 that provides power for the sliding of the measurement mounting frame 27. On the surface of the base 4 between the measurement mounting frame 27 and the opening 42, there is a lifting cylinder 43 that can lift the bearing at the end of the wheel set 1. At the top end of the lifting cylinder 43, there is a top plate. By controlling the operation of the moving cylinder 210, the backlash detection structure 2 is driven to move, so as to facilitate placing the bearing on the wheel set 1 between the upper cylinder 21 and the lifting cylinder 43, thus ensuring the smooth progress of the measurement. By controlling the operation of the lifting cylinder 43, it is convenient to lift the bearing on the wheel set 1 upward during measurement.

[0023] A connecting plate 212 is installed on the measurement mounting frame 27. At the bottom end of the connecting plate 212, there is an upper cylinder 21. At the bottom end of the upper cylinder 21, there is a sensor mounting seat 24. Inside the sensor mounting seat 24, there is a measurement sensor 23 for measurement. Thus, during measurement, by the operation of the upper cylinder 21, the measurement sensor 23 is driven to move downward, so that the measurement sensor 23 contacts the outer side of the bearing, and then the data is measured.

[0024] An L-shaped mounting plate 25 is externally arranged on the side of the measuring mounting bracket 27 away from the connecting plate 212. The bottom end of the L-shaped mounting plate 25 is fixed on the side surface of the measuring mounting bracket 27 through an L-shaped support plate 213. The L-shaped support plate 213 and the L-shaped mounting plate 25 are connected through a rotating shaft 214. A translation cylinder 22 is connected through a hinge seat on the surface of the top end of the L-shaped mounting plate 25 corresponding to the upper cylinder 21. The bottom end of the translation cylinder 22 is arranged between the upper cylinder 21 and the measuring mounting bracket 27. A support rod for fixing the bottom end of the translation cylinder 22 is arranged on the measuring mounting bracket 27. A connecting shaft 216 is installed on the surface of the L-shaped mounting plate 25 corresponding to the measuring sensor 23 through a bearing seat 215. A guide wheel 211 capable of contacting the bearing on the wheel set 1 is sleeved outside the connecting shaft 216. The connecting shaft 216 penetrates and extends outside the L-shaped mounting plate 25 and is connected with a motor 26. By controlling the operation of the translation cylinder 22, the L-shaped mounting plate 25 is rotated along the rotating shaft 214, so that the guide wheel 211 contacts the bearing on the wheel set 1. Then the motor 26 works to drive the guide wheel 211 to rotate, and further drives the bearing in the wheel set 1 to rotate a certain angle. Then the lifting cylinder 43 works to jack up the bearing. Then the upper cylinder 21 works to drive the measuring sensor 23 to move downward until it contacts the outer side of the bearing. At this time, the measuring sensor 23 measures the first data. Then the lifting cylinder 43 is reset. At this time, the outer ring of the bearing falls under the action of gravity. Then the upper cylinder 21 works to drive the measuring sensor 23 to move downward until it contacts the outer side of the bearing again for the second data measurement. By calculating the difference between the two data, the clearance value of the bearing at this position can be obtained. By circulating in this way, the play at different positions of the bearing can be measured.

[0025] When conducting measurements, the specific measurement method is as follows: First, wheel set positioning: Move the wheel set 1 to be detected along the guide rail 41. When the wheel set 1 reaches the position of the floating system 3, the V-groove on the support 44 limits the axle of the wheel set 1, so that the wheel set accurately stops at the set position. Second, floating system adjustment: Control the lifting cylinder 1 34 to work. Drive the U-shaped connecting seat 1 33 and the walking rail 32 to lift and lower through the lifting cylinder 1 34, and adjust the position of the walking rail 32 so that the bearing to be detected on the wheel set 1 is inside the set detection area. At the same time, according to the requirements of the wheel set specifications, the angle of the walking rail 32 can be adjusted by changing the lifting height of different parts of the lifting cylinder 1 34 to achieve the support and limitation of wheel sets 1 of different specifications. Third, detection structure positioning: Control the moving cylinder 210 to work. The moving cylinder 210 drives the measurement mounting frame 27 to slide on the slide rail of the sliding mounting seat 29, and move the clearance detection structure 2 to a suitable position so that the bearing on the wheel set 1 is located between the upper cylinder 21 and the jacking cylinder 43. Fourth, bearing contact and rotation: Control the translation cylinder 22 to work. The translation cylinder 22 drives the L-shaped mounting plate 25 to rotate along the rotating shaft 214, so that the guide wheel 211 contacts the bearing on the wheel set 1. Start the motor 26, and the motor 26 drives the guide wheel 211 to rotate, and then drives the bearing in the wheel set 1 to rotate a certain angle. After the bearing rotates stably, stop the motor 26, and then separate the guide wheel 211 from the bearing on the wheel set 1. Fifth, clearance measurement: Control the jacking cylinder 43 to work, jack up the bearing, and then control the upper cylinder 21 to work, drive the measurement sensor 23 to move downward until it contacts the outer side of the bearing, and the measurement sensor 23 measures the first data. Control the jacking cylinder 43 to reset. At this time, the outer ring of the bearing falls under the action of gravity. Once again, control the upper cylinder 21 to work, drive the measurement sensor 23 to move downward until it contacts the outer side of the bearing again, and conduct the measurement of the second data. Sixth, clearance value calculation: Calculate the difference between the two measurement data to obtain the clearance value of the bearing at this position. Seventh, cyclic measurement: Repeat the steps of "clearance measurement" and "clearance value calculation" to measure the clearances at different positions of the bearing until the detection of the entire bearing clearance is completed. Eighth, wheel set ejection: After the measurement is completed, control the lifting cylinder 2 36 to work, and push the measured wheel set 1 along the walking rail 32 through the push plate 38 to make it leave the detection area for the measurement operation of the next wheel set.

[0026] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic measuring device for the clearance of the wheel set bearings of a railway passenger car, comprising a base (4) and a wheel set (1), characterized in that: On both inner sides of the base (4), a floating system (3) capable of adjusting the position of the wheel set is provided, and a clearance detection structure (2) for detecting the bearings installed at the ends of the wheel set (1) is provided on the base (4) on the side of the floating system (3).

2. The automatic measuring device for the clearance of the wheel set bearings of a railway passenger car according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rail (41) for the movement of the wheel set (1) is installed inside the surface of the base (4). The wheel set (1) passes along the guide rail (41) from the position of the floating system (3). An opening (42) is provided on the surface of the base (4) corresponding to the position of the floating system (3). A support (44) for limiting the axle of the wheel set (1) is provided between the two openings (42). A V-shaped groove is provided at the position where the support (44) contacts the axle.

3. The automatic measuring device for the clearance of the wheel set bearings of a railway passenger car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating system (3) includes a lifting cylinder 1 (34) installed inside the support (44). A U-shaped connecting seat 1 (33) is provided at the top of the lifting cylinder 1 (34). A traveling rail (32) is rotatably installed inside the U-shaped connecting seat 1 (33). The traveling rail (32) is connected to the guide rail (41) through a transition rail (31). The traveling rail (32) and the transition rail (31) as well as the transition rail (31) and the guide rail (41) are rotatably connected through pins.

4. The automatic measuring device for the clearance of the wheel set bearings of a railway passenger car according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating base (37) is installed inside the base (4) on the side of the lifting cylinder 1 (34). A lifting cylinder 2 (36) is rotatably installed inside the rotating base (37). A U-shaped connecting seat 2 (35) is installed at the top of the lifting cylinder 2 (36). The U-shaped connecting seat 2 (35) is connected to the U-shaped connecting seat 1 (33) through a push plate (38). The U-shaped connecting seat 2 (35) and the push plate (38) as well as the push plate (38) and the U-shaped connecting seat 1 (33) are rotatably connected through pins.

5. The automatic measuring device for the clearance of the wheel set bearings of a railway passenger car according to claim 4, characterized in that: The push plate (38) is arranged on the side of the traveling rail (32) near the feeding side of the support (44), and a connecting groove for its passage is provided on the surface of the traveling rail (32) corresponding to the push plate (38). A V-shaped block (39) is installed at the top of the push plate (38) near the U-shaped connecting seat 2 (35).

6. The automatic measuring device for the clearance of the wheel set bearings of a railway passenger car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clearance detection structure (2) includes sliding mounting seats (29) installed on both sides of the surface of the base (4). A measuring mounting frame (27) is provided above the sliding mounting seats (29). A slider (28) capable of sliding on the slide rail of the sliding mounting seats (29) is installed at the bottom of the measuring mounting frame (27). A moving cylinder (210) for providing power for the sliding of the measuring mounting frame (27) is installed at the top end inside the base (4). A jacking cylinder (43) capable of jacking up the bearings at the ends of the wheel set (1) is installed on the surface of the base (4) between the measuring mounting frame (27) and the opening (42). A top plate is installed at the top of the jacking cylinder (43).

7. The automatic measuring device for the clearance of the wheel set bearings of a railway passenger car according to claim 6, characterized in that: A connecting plate (212) is mounted on the measurement mounting bracket (27). A upper cylinder (21) is mounted at the bottom end of the connecting plate (212). A sensor mounting seat (24) is mounted at the bottom end of the upper cylinder (21). A measurement sensor (23) for measurement is mounted inside the sensor mounting seat (24).

8. The automatic measuring device for the clearance of the wheel set bearings of a railway passenger car according to claim 7, characterized in that: An L-shaped mounting plate (25) is disposed outside one side of the measurement mounting bracket (27) away from the connecting plate (212). The bottom end of the L-shaped mounting plate (25) is fixed to the side surface of the measurement mounting bracket (27) through an L-shaped support plate (213). The L-shaped support plate (213) and the L-shaped mounting plate (25) are connected through a rotating shaft (214). A translation cylinder (22) is connected through a hinge seat to the surface of the top end of the L-shaped mounting plate (25) corresponding to the upper cylinder (21). The bottom end of the translation cylinder (22) is disposed between the upper cylinder (21) and the measurement mounting bracket (27). A support rod for fixing the bottom end of the translation cylinder (22) is disposed on the measurement mounting bracket (27). A connecting shaft (216) is mounted on the surface of the L-shaped mounting plate (25) corresponding to the measurement sensor (23) through a bearing seat (215). A guide wheel (211) capable of contacting the bearing on the wheel set (1) is sleeved outside the connecting shaft (216). The connecting shaft (216) penetrates and extends outside the L-shaped mounting plate (25) and is connected to a motor (26).

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