Ground surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of measuring characteristics of materials (such as soil and rock), and provides a surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring system and method.The system comprises a comprehensive channel monitoring pipe which is arranged in a surface matrix, the inner side of the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe comprises a water level measuring pipe and a grouting pipe which are oppositely arranged, and a plurality of monitoring windows are formed in the side wall of the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe; each stratum type corresponds to at least one monitoring window; a plurality of integrated sensor modules, wherein each integrated sensor module corresponds to one monitoring window; the grouting pipe is provided with a grouting hole between two adjacent monitoring windows; the water level measuring module is arranged in the water level measuring pipe and used for monitoring water level information of the lower portion of the earth surface matrix; the grouting module is used for grouting the exterior of the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe through the grouting holes so as to isolate the two adjacent monitoring windows; and the terminal equipment is used for acquiring the measurement information of the integrated sensor module corresponding to each monitoring window, and monitoring the surface matrix of each monitoring window according to the measurement information and the water level information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of measuring the properties of materials (such as surface substrates like soil and rock), and particularly to a comprehensive channel monitoring system and method for surface substrates. Background Art

[0002] The surface substrate is the basic material that nurtures and supports various natural resources such as soil, water, forests, grasslands, and wetlands on the earth's surface. It directly controls the spatial distribution pattern of surface agricultural production and vegetation ecology. It is the space where the multi-sphere interactions of the earth are most frequent, and it is also the material basis for the overall protection, systematic restoration, and comprehensive management of cultivated land and natural ecosystems.

[0003] The monitoring data of the surface substrate can make up for the shortcomings of the research on the critical zone of the earth and promote the development of the ecological geology discipline, which has important scientific value. Setting sensors in the shallow surface substrate to monitor the parameters of each stratum is an important environmental monitoring technology, mainly used to obtain data such as moisture, temperature, salinity, pH, redox potential, and chemical composition. This method is widely used in fields such as agricultural management and environmental protection.

[0004] Traditional surface substrate monitoring focuses on the surface layer, that is, soil monitoring, and its monitoring depth is concentrated in 0 - 2m. The latest research shows that the surface substrate below the soil is also extremely important for the supply of water and nutrients to crops and vegetation such as forests, shrubs, and grasses, especially during extreme drought periods, this supporting role is even more crucial. Traditional soil monitoring requires manual excavation of pits, and then inserting soil temperature, humidity, salinity, and pH sensors into the soil from the side walls. This method causes great damage to the monitored stratum, resulting in the timeliness and representativeness of the monitoring data being often affected. On the other hand, the monitoring depth of this method is limited and cannot meet the needs of the surface substrate to support agricultural production and serve ecological construction. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out multi-dimensional and high-precision on-line continuous monitoring of the middle and deep surface substrates below 2m. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a comprehensive channel monitoring system and method for surface substrates, aiming to solve the problems that traditional soil monitoring requires manual excavation of pits, and then inserting soil temperature, humidity, salinity, and pH sensors into the soil from the side walls. This method causes great damage to the monitored stratum, resulting in the timeliness and representativeness of the monitoring data being often affected. On the other hand, the monitoring depth of this method is limited and cannot meet the needs of the surface substrate to support agricultural production and serve ecological construction. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out multi-dimensional and high-precision monitoring of the surface substrate below 2m.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a comprehensive channel monitoring system for surface substrates, and the system includes: Comprehensive channel monitoring tube, the comprehensive channel monitoring tube is arranged in the surface matrix, the inner side of the comprehensive channel monitoring tube includes a water level measuring tube and a grouting tube arranged oppositely, and a plurality of monitoring windows are formed on the side wall of the comprehensive channel monitoring tube, and at least one of the monitoring windows corresponds to each formation type; A plurality of integrated sensor modules, each of the integrated sensor modules corresponds to one of the monitoring windows, and each of the integrated sensor modules is arranged outside the comprehensive channel monitoring tube through the monitoring window for monitoring the surface matrix outside the monitoring window; the grouting tube is provided with grouting holes between two adjacent monitoring windows; Water level measurement module, the water level measurement module is arranged in the water level measuring tube for monitoring the water level information at the lower part of the surface matrix; Grouting module, the grouting module grouts the outside of the comprehensive channel monitoring tube through the grouting holes to isolate two adjacent monitoring windows; Terminal device, the terminal device acquires the measurement information of the integrated sensor module corresponding to each monitoring window, and completes the monitoring of the surface matrix of each monitoring window according to the measurement information and the water level information.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for monitoring a comprehensive channel of a surface matrix, characterized in that it is applied to the surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring system provided in any embodiment of the present application; the method includes: Acquire the measurement information of the integrated sensor module corresponding to each monitoring window; Acquire the water level information of the formation monitored by the water level measurement module; Complete the monitoring of the surface matrix of each monitoring window according to the measurement information and the water level information.

[0008] A surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring system and method provided by an embodiment of the present application, the comprehensive channel monitoring tube is arranged in the surface matrix, and a water level measuring tube and a grouting tube are arranged oppositely on the inner side thereof. The water level measuring tube is used to place the water level measurement module to obtain the water level information at the lower part of the surface matrix, and the grouting tube is provided with grouting holes between two adjacent monitoring windows for subsequent grouting operations. A plurality of monitoring windows are formed on the side wall of the tube, and at least one of the monitoring windows corresponds to each formation type. These monitoring windows are the channels for the integrated sensor module to contact and monitor the surface matrix.

[0009] Each integrated sensor module corresponds to one monitoring window and is arranged outside the multi-channel monitoring tube through the monitoring window, and can perform multi-dimensional monitoring on the surface matrix outside the monitoring window, such as monitoring parameters such as temperature, humidity, salt and pH of the surface matrix, so as to comprehensively obtain the characteristic information of the surface matrix.

[0010] The water level measurement module is placed in the water level measurement pipe, which is specifically used to monitor the water level information below the surface substrate and provide data support for understanding the dynamic changes of the groundwater level.

[0011] The grouting module grouts the nylon cloth bag outside the multi-channel monitoring pipe through the grouting holes on the grouting pipe. The purpose is to isolate two adjacent monitoring windows, which can ensure that the monitoring areas corresponding to each monitoring window are relatively independent, improve the accuracy and representativeness of the monitoring data, and avoid monitoring errors caused by the formation of preferential flow between adjacent strata after the integrated sensor is installed.

[0012] The terminal device is connected to the integrated sensor module and the water level measurement module corresponding to each monitoring window, obtains their measurement information, and completes the monitoring of the surface substrate of each monitoring window based on this information, realizing the collection, integration, and analysis of data, so as to intuitively present the state of the surface substrate.

[0013] The provided system has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. Reducing the damage to the monitored stratum: Different from the traditional method of manually digging pits and inserting sensors from the side wall, this system monitors through the comprehensive channel monitoring pipes and supporting monitoring equipment pre-set in the surface substrate, without manual digging pits, greatly reducing the damage to the monitored stratum, thus ensuring the integrity of the original stratum structure in the monitoring area and making the monitoring data more truly reflect the natural state of the stratum.

[0014] 2. Improving the timeliness and representativeness of the monitoring data: Since the damage to the stratum is reduced, the natural characteristics of the stratum are maintained, and the monitoring data will not be interfered due to the damage of the stratum structure, and can more timely and accurately reflect the real-time state of the surface substrate, improving the timeliness of the data. At the same time, the complete stratum structure also makes the monitoring data more representative, and can more comprehensively reflect the characteristics of the surface substrate in the entire monitoring area, rather than being limited to the damaged local area.

[0015] 3. Realizing deep stratified monitoring: The comprehensive channel monitoring pipes in the system can reach a certain depth underground, solving the problem of limited monitoring depth of the traditional method. At the same time, the monitoring windows and corresponding integrated sensor modules at different positions can conduct on-line monitoring of the surface substrate at different depths, meeting the needs of multi-dimensional and high-precision monitoring of the surface substrate layer in natural resource management, thus providing more comprehensive and in-depth surface substrate information for agricultural production and ecological construction, helping to better understand the impact of the underground environment on the above-ground ecology and production activities, providing a strong basis for reasonable planning and decision-making, and on the other hand, promoting the development of key earth monitoring technologies.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first type of comprehensive channel monitoring system for surface matrix provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the second type of comprehensive channel monitoring system for surface matrix provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the sensor of the comprehensive channel monitoring system for surface matrix provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the technical deployment of the comprehensive channel monitoring system for surface matrix provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the window opening and grouting of the monitoring window of the comprehensive channel monitoring system for surface matrix provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is an installation diagram of the comprehensive channel monitoring system for surface matrix provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic flow chart of the steps of the comprehensive channel monitoring method for surface matrix provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of the comprehensive channel monitoring device for surface matrix provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of the terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only illustrative examples, and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily have to be executed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can also be decomposed, combined, or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change according to the actual situation.

[0022] It should be understood that, for the convenience of clearly describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish identical or similar items with basically the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art can understand that the terms "first", "second", etc. do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the terms "first", "second", etc. do not necessarily mean different.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. As used in the specification of this application and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms.

[0024] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the specification of this application and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0025] The following will describe in detail some embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] The surface substrate is the basic material that nurtures and supports various natural resources such as soil, water, forests, grasslands, and wetlands on the earth's surface layer. It directly controls the spatial distribution pattern of surface agricultural production and vegetation ecology. It is the space where the multi-sphere interactions of the earth are the most frequent, and it is also the material basis for the overall protection, systematic restoration, and comprehensive management of cultivated land and natural ecosystems.

[0027] Surface substrate monitoring data can make up for the shortcomings in the study of the earth's critical zone, promote the development of the ecological geology discipline, and has important scientific value. Setting sensors in the shallow surface substrate to monitor the parameters of each stratum is an important environmental monitoring technology, mainly used to obtain data such as moisture, temperature, salinity, pH, redox potential, and chemical composition. This method is widely used in fields such as agricultural management and environmental protection.

[0028] Traditional surface substrate monitoring focuses on the surface layer, that is, soil monitoring, and its monitoring depth is concentrated in 0 - 2m. The latest research shows that the surface substrate below the soil is also extremely important for the water and nutrient supply of crops and vegetation such as forests, shrubs, and grasses, especially during extreme drought periods, this supporting role is even more critical. Traditional soil monitoring requires manual excavation of pits, and then inserting soil temperature, humidity, salinity, and pH sensors into the soil from the side walls. This method causes great damage to the monitored strata, often affecting the timeliness and representativeness of the monitored data. On the other hand, the monitoring depth of this method is limited and cannot meet the needs of the surface substrate to support agricultural production and serve ecological construction. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out multi-dimensional and high-precision online continuous monitoring of the middle and deep surface substrates below 2m.

[0029] To solve the above problems, please refer to Figures 1 - 6 , this application provides a comprehensive channel monitoring system 10 for the surface substrate. The system includes: a comprehensive channel monitoring pipe 11, a plurality of integrated sensor modules 20, a water level measurement module, a grouting module, and a terminal device.

[0030] The comprehensive channel monitoring pipe 11 is arranged in the surface substrate. The inner side of the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe 11 includes a water level measurement pipe 14 and a grouting pipe 13 arranged opposite to each other. A plurality of monitoring windows 12 are formed on the side wall of the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe 11, and at least one monitoring window 12 corresponds to each stratum type. At the same time, the depth of the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe 11 is related to the depth of the groundwater corresponding to the set surface substrate, and the depth is not limited in the embodiments of this application. At the same time, a water filtration module 15 can also be included to filter the groundwater.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , each integrated sensor module 20 (such as Figure 4 where the sensor numbers 1-1 to 1-11 in represent 11 integrated sensor modules 20, Figure 4 The number of integrated sensor modules 20 in is only for illustration, and can actually be set arbitrarily according to requirements. The number of integrated sensor modules 20 is not limited in the embodiments of this application) corresponds to one monitoring window 12. Each integrated sensor module 20 is arranged outside the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe 11 through the monitoring window 12 for monitoring the surface substrate outside the monitoring window 12; the grouting pipe 13 is provided with grouting holes between two adjacent monitoring windows 12. At the same time, the integrated sensor module 20 water level measurement module is arranged in the water level measurement pipe 14 for monitoring the water level information below the surface substrate.

[0032] The grouting module grouts the outside of the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe 11 through the grouting holes to isolate two adjacent monitoring windows 12.

[0033] The terminal device obtains the measurement information of the integrated sensor module 20 corresponding to each monitoring window 12, and completes the monitoring of the surface substrate of each monitoring window 12 according to the measurement information and the water level information.

[0034] Specifically, the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 is the core component of the system and is used to be inserted into the surface matrix for monitoring. A water level measuring tube 14 and a grouting tube 13 are arranged inside the monitoring tube, and multiple monitoring windows 12 are arranged outside. The monitoring tube is usually made of corrosion-resistant and high-strength materials such as stainless steel or high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The setting of the monitoring windows 12 can be adjusted according to different formation types to ensure that there is at least one corresponding monitoring window 12 for each formation type.

[0035] Each integrated sensor module 20 corresponds to a monitoring window 12 and is used to monitor parameters such as temperature, humidity, salinity, and pH value of the surface matrix outside the monitoring window 12. The integrated sensor module 20 can include various sensors such as temperature and humidity sensors, salinity sensors, and pH sensors. The sensor module 20 is connected to the terminal device through a cable to transmit the monitoring data in real time. The integrated sensor can include multiple sensor probes 23, each probe corresponding to a type of surface matrix parameter. At the same time, the integrated sensor can also include a hyperspectral sensor. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the type and structure of the integrated sensor.

[0036] The water level measurement module is arranged in the water level measuring tube 14 and is used to monitor the water level information at the lower part of the surface matrix. The water level measurement module can be an ultrasonic water level gauge, a pressure water level gauge, or a groundwater level gauge, etc. The water level measuring tube 14 is usually vertically arranged inside the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 to ensure that the water level measurement module can accurately measure the groundwater level.

[0037] The grouting module grouts the outside of the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 through the grouting holes to seal the outside of the casing of the integrated channel monitoring tube 11, isolate two adjacent monitoring windows 12, and prevent the mixing interference between different formations. The grouting tube 13 is arranged inside the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 and is opposite to the water level measuring tube 14. The grouting holes are located between adjacent monitoring windows 12, and materials such as cement slurry or bentonite slurry can be used for grouting.

[0038] The terminal device is used to obtain the measurement information of the integrated sensor module 20 corresponding to each monitoring window 12 and the water level information of the water level measurement module, and perform data processing and analysis. The terminal device can be a laptop computer, a smart phone, or a dedicated data collector, etc. The terminal device communicates with the integrated sensor module 20 and the water level measurement module through wireless or wired connections.

[0039] Traditional soil monitoring methods require manual excavation of pits, which causes great damage to the stratum. The integrated channel monitoring system reduces physical damage to the stratum by pre-drilling and inserting monitoring pipes, ensuring the timeliness and representativeness of monitoring data. This system can monitor multiple layers of surface matrix below 2m, meeting the needs of agricultural production and serving ecological construction. Especially during extreme drought periods, monitoring the water and nutrient supply of the lower surface matrix is extremely important for crop growth and ecological balance. By integrating the sensor module 20 and the water level measurement module, the system can monitor various parameters of the surface matrix in real time, and transmit and analyze data through terminal devices, improving the monitoring efficiency and accuracy. Each monitoring window 12 corresponds to an integrated sensor module 20, ensuring that the monitoring data of each stratum type has high precision and high representativeness. The isolation effect of the grouting module further improves the accuracy of monitoring data. At the same time, the provided system can be flexibly adjusted according to different stratum types and monitoring requirements, increasing or decreasing the number and position of the monitoring windows 12. In addition, the terminal device can connect multiple monitoring points to form a large-scale monitoring network.

[0040] In summary, the provided integrated channel monitoring system 10 for surface matrix realizes multi-dimensional and high-precision monitoring of the surface matrix below 2m by integrating multiple sensors and modules, reduces the damage to the monitored stratum, improves the representativeness and accuracy of monitoring data, and provides strong support for agricultural production and serving ecological construction.

[0041] At the same time, areas such as the western vegetation degradation area of the Bashang Plateau can be selected as the test area for surface matrix monitoring, and the integrated channel for surface matrix provided in the embodiment of the present application can be installed. The integrated channel monitoring technology is mainly used for controlled deep hole monitoring, which is suitable for areas with a relatively deep buried depth of the groundwater level and a complex configuration of the surface matrix layer. It can realize the automatic monitoring of the multi-layer structure of the single-hole surface matrix, with complete monitoring indicators, relatively complex construction technology, high technical integration, and advantages such as intensive savings.

[0042] In some embodiments, each monitoring window 12 includes multiple monitoring holes, each integrated sensor module 20 includes multiple sensor probes 23, and each sensor probe 23 is arranged outside the integrated channel monitoring pipe 11 through the monitoring hole.

[0043] Please also refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 ., by opening multiple monitoring windows 12 on the side of the integrated channel monitoring pipe 11 and arranging multiple monitoring holes in each monitoring window 12, and then Figure 3 the multiple sensor probes 23 shown are inserted into the corresponding surface matrix outside the integrated channel monitoring pipe 11 through the monitoring holes to achieve precise monitoring of the surface matrix.

[0044] Exemplarily, the measurement information corresponding to the multiple sensor probes 23 includes at least one of the surface matrix parameters, including moisture content, conductivity, pH, redox potential, temperature, carbon dioxide value, methane value, oxygen value, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium value, and soil organic matter value. These parameters can fully reflect the physical and chemical properties of the surface matrix, thereby providing detailed data support for subsequent analysis.

[0045] By using different electrodes of multiple sensor probes 23, multiple parameters can be monitored simultaneously to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data. The sensor probes 23 can collect data in real time and detect changes in the surface matrix in a timely manner. The electrode type of the sensor probe 23 provided specifically can be set according to the type of parameter actually monitored, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0046] Exemplarily, each monitoring window 12 also includes a hyperspectral monitoring hole; and also includes: a plurality of hyperspectral modules 24, each hyperspectral module 24 is arranged on the outside of the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 through the hyperspectral monitoring hole, and the hyperspectral module 24 is connected to the terminal device in communication; wherein the terminal device receives the hyperspectral information sent by each hyperspectral module 24, and is used to complete the surface matrix monitoring of each monitoring window 12 according to the measurement information, hyperspectral information and water level information corresponding to each monitoring window 12. Hyperspectral monitoring can obtain detailed spectral data of the surface matrix, which is used to identify and analyze the composition and state of the surface matrix. The terminal device can perform multi-dimensional data analysis in combination with the measurement information, hyperspectral information and water level information to improve the precision and accuracy of monitoring. The communication connection between the hyperspectral module 24 and the terminal device realizes remote monitoring and facilitates the real-time transmission and processing of data.

[0047] In some embodiments, it also includes: a down-the-hole hammer casing. Before the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 is set in the surface matrix, the surface matrix is ​​first cored and the down-the-hole hammer casing is installed to form a well in the surface matrix, and then the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 is installed in the well, and finally the down-the-hole hammer casing is removed; the surface matrix type is determined according to the sample corresponding to the formation coring.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, in the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 ( Figure 6 Before installing the multi-channel casing in the down-the-hole hammer, the surface matrix can be cored to obtain formation samples (such as Figure 1As shown, the type of surface matrix can be accurately determined. During the well drilling process, the inner diameter of the down-the-hole hammer casing is basically the same as the outer diameter of the integrated channel monitoring tube 11. After ensuring the smooth removal of the down-the-hole hammer casing, the distance between the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 and the surface matrix layer is minimized. According to the physical structure characteristics of the formation, after the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 is placed in the monitoring hole for several days, the surface matrix closely adheres to the integrated channel monitoring tube 11 under the action of formation pressure. Subsequently, the surface matrix integrated sensor module is installed to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the monitoring data.

[0049] In some embodiments, it further includes: a plurality of nylon cloth bags, each nylon cloth bag is arranged at the grouting hole, and the grouting module grouts each nylon cloth bag through the grouting hole. As Figure 2 shown, grouting through the nylon cloth belt can ensure that the upper and lower monitoring windows 12 are effectively isolated, preventing water and gas from the upper and lower soil layers from penetrating and mixing along the borehole wall.

[0050] At the same time, the design of the nylon cloth bag enables the grouting module to adapt to different formation types, ensuring the uniformity and effect of grouting. The nylon cloth bag can prevent the leakage of grouting materials and protect the upper and lower surface matrices from being polluted. After grouting, the nylon cloth bag can enhance the stability of the monitoring hole and extend the service life of the corresponding integrated sensor module 20.

[0051] Exemplarily, the formation type corresponding to each monitoring window 12 includes at least one or more of rock, gravel, sand, soil, and mud.

[0052] As Figure 4 shown, the provided formation type can be composed of one or more of rock, gravel, sand, soil, and mud. The specific formation type can be accurately known by analyzing the obtained core during the coring process. Through the integrated channel monitoring system provided by the present application, universal monitoring can be simultaneously carried out on a variety of different formation types.

[0053] In some embodiments, each formation type corresponds to a plurality of monitoring windows 12, and the density of the monitoring windows 12 located in the upper and lower parts of the integrated channel tube is greater than the density of the monitoring windows 12 located in the middle of the integrated channel tube.

[0054] With a larger density of the monitoring windows 12 in the upper and lower parts of the integrated channel tube, the changes in the surface matrix in these areas can be monitored more carefully because these areas are more sensitive to surface environment (such as precipitation) and groundwater level changes. By reasonably distributing the monitoring windows 12 according to the formation type and monitoring requirements, the representativeness of the surface matrix parameters is improved. By reasonably setting the density of the monitoring windows 12, the use of resources is optimized, unnecessary monitoring points are reduced, and the layout cost of the entire system is lowered.

[0055] Among them, a sealing film is provided on each monitoring window 12. The sealing film can be monitored after being penetrated by a sensor probe, etc., or can seal the monitoring window when no sensor is installed. A monitoring hole is formed only when the sensor ejects the sealing film.

[0056] In some embodiments, it further includes: a meteorological monitoring module for monitoring meteorological information on the surface of the formation. The meteorological information includes at least one or more of rainfall information, temperature and humidity information, and wind speed information; the terminal device completes the monitoring of the surface matrix of each monitoring window 12 according to the measurement information, water level information, and meteorological information.

[0057] Such as Figure 4 As shown, the meteorological monitoring module can timely obtain the meteorological information on the surface of the formation, and these information have an important impact on the change of the surface matrix. The terminal device combines the measurement information, water level information, and meteorological information, and can conduct a more comprehensive comprehensive analysis to improve the scientificity and accuracy of the monitoring results. Through the monitoring of meteorological information, possible changes in the surface matrix, such as floods, droughts, etc., can be warned in advance, providing a basis for countermeasures.

[0058] The process of completing the monitoring of the surface matrix of each monitoring window 12 according to the measurement information, water level information, and meteorological information can be divided into the following steps: Data acquisition: Each integrated sensor module 20 monitors parameters such as temperature, humidity, salt content, and pH value of the surface matrix through the monitoring window 12 in real time, and transmits the data to the terminal device. The water level measurement module monitors the water level information below the surface matrix through the water level measurement pipe 14, and transmits the data to the terminal device. The meteorological monitoring module monitors the meteorological information on the surface of the formation, such as rainfall, temperature and humidity, wind speed, etc., and transmits the data to the terminal device.

[0059] Data integration: After the terminal device receives the data from the integrated sensor module 20, the water level measurement module, and the meteorological monitoring module, it integrates these data. During the integration process, the terminal device will match and associate the data from different sources according to the position of the monitoring window 12 and the corresponding formation type.

[0060] Data analysis: Analysis of the surface matrix state: According to the data such as temperature, humidity, salt content, and pH value collected by the integrated sensor module 20, analyze the current state of the surface matrix. For example, the level of surface matrix humidity, the accumulation of salt content, the change of pH value, etc. Analysis of the influence of water level: Combine the data of the water level measurement module to analyze the influence of water level change on the surface matrix. For example, the rise or fall of the groundwater level may affect the humidity and salt distribution of the surface matrix. Analysis of the influence of meteorology: Combine the data of the meteorological monitoring module to analyze the influence of meteorological conditions on the surface matrix. For example, rainfall may increase the humidity of the surface matrix, and wind speed may affect the evaporation rate on the surface of the surface matrix.

[0061] Comprehensive evaluation: The terminal device comprehensively evaluates the above analysis results to judge the overall condition of the surface substrate corresponding to each monitoring window 12. For example, it evaluates whether the soil is suitable for agricultural production, whether there is a risk of salinization, whether irrigation or drainage is required, etc.

[0062] Monitoring report generation: The terminal device generates a detailed monitoring report based on the comprehensive evaluation results. The report will include the analysis of the surface substrate status, water level and meteorological conditions of each monitoring window 12, as well as targeted suggestions or warning information.

[0063] Feedback and adjustment: According to the monitoring report, the user can make corresponding adjustments. For example, if the soil humidity is detected to be too low, irrigation can be increased; if the salt content is detected to be too high, salt washing measures can be taken. In addition, the system can also automatically adjust the irrigation or drainage strategy according to the monitoring results to optimize the management of the surface substrate.

[0064] Through the above steps, the system can comprehensively and multi-dimensionally monitor the surface substrate of each monitoring window 12, providing a scientific basis and technical support for agricultural production and ecological construction.

[0065] Now, a specific embodiment is used to illustrate the installation process of the surface substrate comprehensive channel monitoring system: (1) Complete geological exploration, conduct on-site recording of the strata within 20 meters, and design the installation depth of monitoring sensors and monitoring indicators (please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 at the same time).

[0066] (2) Through the hole formation and casing installation process of the comprehensive channel surface substrate monitoring well. A full-casing dry hole is successfully implemented using a down-the-hole hammer. The outer diameter of the casing is 377mm, and the hole depth can reach 20m.

[0067] (3) The surface substrate monitoring comprehensive channel is made of stainless steel, with an outer diameter of 350mm and a single-section length of 3 meters, and is butt-jointed on-site. Windows with a spacing of 60cm are opened on the side of the comprehensive channel (sealed with plastic film), and there are two 30mm auxiliary holes on both sides of the inner wall for underground water level measurement and upper and lower grouting.

[0068] (4) Realize the on-site installation of the comprehensive channel. After installation, pull out the hole-forming retaining casing, and it is required to be stable for more than 15 days before installing the monitoring sensors in the hole.

[0069] (5) Develop a special sensor for monitoring the surface substrate of the comprehensive channel as shown in Figure 3 . The sensor is made of stainless steel, with a base size of 428*109*37mm and a probe of 90mm. The sensor can simultaneously measure temperature, moisture, conductivity, pH value, CO2, O2, underground water level, and the redox potential can be indirectly calculated through the above indicators.

[0070] (6) Develop special terminal equipment for surface matrix monitoring, including but not limited to RTU, Internet of Things platform and cloud monitoring platform.

[0071] The provided system has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. Reduce the damage to the monitored formation: Different from the traditional method of manually digging pits and inserting sensors from the side walls, this system monitors through the integrated channel monitoring pipes pre-set in the surface matrix and the supporting monitoring equipment, without manual digging pits, greatly reducing the damage to the monitored formation, thus ensuring the integrity of the original formation structure in the monitoring area and making the monitoring data more able to truly reflect the natural state of the formation.

[0072] 2. Improve the timeliness and representativeness of monitoring data: Due to the reduction of damage to the formation, the natural characteristics of the formation are maintained, and the monitoring data will not be disturbed due to the destruction of the formation structure, and can more timely and accurately reflect the real-time state of the surface matrix, improving the timeliness of the data. At the same time, the complete formation structure also makes the monitoring data more representative, and can more comprehensively reflect the characteristics of the surface matrix in the entire monitoring area, rather than being limited to the damaged local area.

[0073] 3. Realize deep stratified monitoring: The integrated channel monitoring pipes in the system can reach a certain depth underground, solving the problem of limited monitoring depth of traditional methods. At the same time, the monitoring windows and corresponding integrated sensor modules at different positions can conduct online monitoring of the surface matrix at different depths, meeting the needs of multi-dimensional and high-precision monitoring of the surface matrix layer in natural resource management, so as to provide more comprehensive and in-depth surface matrix information for agricultural production and ecological construction, help to better understand the impact of the underground environment on the above-ground ecology and production activities, provide a strong basis for reasonable planning and decision-making, and on the other hand, can promote the development of key earth monitoring technologies.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 which is a schematic flow chart of the surface matrix integrated channel monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The surface matrix integrated channel monitoring method can be implemented by the terminal equipment of the surface matrix integrated channel monitoring system provided by any embodiment of the present application, and the terminal equipment can be deployed on a single server or a server cluster. It can also be deployed on a handheld terminal, a laptop computer, a wearable device or a robot, etc.

[0075] As Figure 7 shown, the provided surface matrix integrated channel monitoring method includes steps S101 to S103. Details are as follows: Step S101. Obtain the measurement information of the integrated sensor module corresponding to each of the monitoring windows.

[0076] Specifically, in this step, the terminal device obtains the measurement data of each sensor probe by communicating with the integrated sensor module in each monitoring window. These measurement data include, but are not limited to, the moisture content, conductivity, pH value, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), temperature, carbon dioxide value, methane value, oxygen value, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium value, soil organic matter value, etc. of the surface substrate.

[0077] The measurement methods for each parameter can be as follows: Moisture content: The moisture content of the soil at each monitoring window is measured by a soil moisture sensor, reflecting the wetness of the soil. Conductivity: The conductivity of the soil is measured by a conductivity sensor, used to evaluate the salt content in the soil. pH value: The pH value of the soil is measured by a pH sensor, used to evaluate the chemical properties of the soil. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP): The oxidation-reduction potential of the soil is measured by an ORP sensor, used to evaluate the oxidation-reduction state in the soil. Temperature: The temperature of the soil is measured by a temperature sensor, used to evaluate the thermodynamic state of the soil. Carbon dioxide value: The carbon dioxide concentration in the soil is measured by a carbon dioxide sensor, used to evaluate the gas exchange situation in the soil. Methane value: The methane concentration in the soil is measured by a methane sensor, used to evaluate the decomposition of organic matter in the soil. Oxygen value: The oxygen concentration in the soil is measured by an oxygen sensor, used to evaluate the air permeability of the soil. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium value: The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil are measured by a nutrient element sensor, used to evaluate the fertility of the soil. Soil organic matter value: The organic matter content in the soil is measured by an organic matter sensor, used to evaluate the organic matter content of the soil.

[0078] By obtaining a variety of measurement information, it ensures a comprehensive assessment of the surface substrate. Through sensor probes, data can be collected in real time to promptly detect changes in the surface substrate. The design of multiple sensor probes reduces the errors that may occur at a single measurement point and improves the reliability of the data. At the same time, the communication connection between the sensor module and the terminal device realizes the automatic collection of data and reduces manual intervention.

[0079] Step S102. Obtain the water level information of the formation monitored by the water level measurement module.

[0080] Specifically, in this step, the terminal device obtains the water level information of the formation by communicating with the water level measurement module. The water level measurement module can use various methods for water level monitoring, such as water level sensors, pressure sensors, ultrasonic sensors, etc. The water level information includes the groundwater level height and groundwater flow situation in the formation.

[0081] Water level sensor: The height of the groundwater level is directly measured by a water level sensor.

[0082] Pressure sensor: The groundwater pressure is measured by a pressure sensor installed in the formation, and the groundwater level is deduced therefrom.

[0083] Ultrasonic sensor: The height of the groundwater level is measured by an ultrasonic sensor, which is applicable to different types of formations.

[0084] By accurately obtaining the water level information in the formation, important reference data is provided for surface matrix monitoring. The water level measurement module can monitor the changes in the groundwater level in real time and detect abnormal situations in a timely manner. One or more sensors can be used, which are applicable to different types of formations, improving the applicability of the monitoring.

[0085] Step S103. Complete the surface matrix monitoring of each monitoring window according to the measurement information and the water level information.

[0086] Specifically, in this step, the terminal device conducts a comprehensive analysis and evaluation based on the measurement information and the water level information obtained in steps S101 and S102. The terminal device can use data processing algorithms and models to fuse multiple data and generate a comprehensive monitoring report of the surface matrix. These reports can include the status evaluation of the surface matrix, the analysis of the change trend, the early warning of potential problems, etc.

[0087] For example, evaluate the overall state of the soil according to information such as moisture content, conductivity, and pH value, such as soil fertility and salinization degree. Analyze the change trend of the surface matrix through historical data comparison, such as the rise or fall of the groundwater level and the seasonal change of the soil moisture content. Generate an early warning report for potential problems based on the monitoring data, such as soil salinization and groundwater pollution.

[0088] Combining multiple measurement information and water level information, a comprehensive analysis is carried out to improve the scientificity and accuracy of the monitoring results. Through comprehensive analysis, potential problems of the surface matrix can be discovered in a timely manner, providing a basis for countermeasures. The generated comprehensive monitoring report can be presented in the form of charts, etc., which is convenient for users to intuitively understand the monitoring results. The method provides scientific data support for environmental protection, agricultural production, urban construction, etc., and helps decision-makers make more reasonable decisions.

[0089] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the above-described surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring method and the specific working processes of each step can refer to the corresponding processes in the surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring system embodiments described in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 8 as shown Figure 8It is a schematic structural diagram of a surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring device 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring device 200 is used to execute the steps of the surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring method shown in the above embodiments. The surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring device 200 can be a single server or a server cluster, or the surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring device 200 can be a terminal, and the terminal can be a handheld terminal, a notebook computer, a wearable device, a robot, etc.

[0091] As Figure 8 shown, the surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring device 200 includes: An information acquisition unit 201, configured to acquire measurement information of the integrated sensor module corresponding to each of the monitoring windows.

[0092] A water level acquisition unit 202, configured to acquire water level information of the formation monitored by the water level measurement module.

[0093] A monitoring completion unit 203, configured to complete the surface matrix monitoring of each monitoring window according to the measurement information and the water level information.

[0094] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring device and each module can refer to the corresponding processes in the surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring system embodiment described in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0095] The above-mentioned surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring method can be implemented in the form of a computer program, and the computer program can run on a device as Figure 8 shown.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 It is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The terminal device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected through a device bus. Among them, the memory can include a storage medium and an internal memory.

[0097] The storage medium can store an operating device and a computer program. The computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed, the processor can be made to execute any surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring method.

[0098] The processor is used to provide computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire terminal device.

[0099] The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor can be made to execute any surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring method.

[0100] The network interface is used for network communication, such as sending the assigned tasks, etc. Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 9 the structure shown in Figure 9 is only a block diagram of some structures related to the solution of this application, and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal to which the solution of this application is applied. The specific terminal device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine some components, or have different component arrangements.

[0101] It should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. Among them, the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0102] Among them, in one embodiment, the processor is used to run the computer program stored in the memory to implement the following steps: Obtain the measurement information of the integrated sensor module corresponding to each monitoring window.

[0103] Obtain the water level information of the formation monitored by the water level measurement module.

[0104] Complete the surface matrix monitoring of each monitoring window according to the measurement information and the water level information.

[0105] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor implements the steps of the surface matrix comprehensive channel monitoring method described in the first aspect above.

[0106] Among them, the computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the terminal device described in the foregoing embodiment, such as the hard disk or memory of the terminal device. The computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the terminal device, such as a plug-in hard disk equipped on the terminal device, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc.

[0107] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated channel monitoring system for surface matrix, characterized in that, For monitoring the surface substrate to be monitored; the system includes: A comprehensive channel monitoring pipe, which is arranged in the surface substrate. The inner side of the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe includes a water level measuring pipe and a grouting pipe arranged opposite to each other. A plurality of monitoring windows are formed on the side wall of the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe, and each stratum type corresponds to at least one of the monitoring windows; A plurality of integrated sensor modules, each integrated sensor module corresponds to one of the monitoring windows, and each integrated sensor module is arranged outside the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe through the monitoring window for monitoring the surface substrate outside the monitoring window; the grouting pipe is provided with grouting holes between two adjacent monitoring windows; A water level measuring module, which is arranged in the water level measuring pipe for monitoring the water level information at the lower part of the surface substrate; A grouting module, which grouts the outside of the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe through the grouting holes to isolate two adjacent monitoring windows; A terminal device, which acquires the measurement information of the integrated sensor module corresponding to each monitoring window and completes the monitoring of the surface substrate of each monitoring window according to the measurement information and the water level information.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each monitoring window includes a plurality of monitoring holes, each integrated sensor module includes a plurality of sensor probes, and each sensor probe is arranged outside the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe through the monitoring hole.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measurement information corresponding to the plurality of sensor probes at least includes any one of surface substrate parameters at least including moisture content, conductivity, pH value, redox potential, temperature, carbon dioxide value, methane value, oxygen value, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium value, soil organic matter value.

4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each monitoring window further includes a hyperspectral monitoring hole; and further includes: A plurality of hyperspectral modules, each hyperspectral module is arranged outside the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe through the hyperspectral monitoring hole, and the hyperspectral module is communicatively connected with the terminal device; Wherein, the terminal device receives the hyperspectral information sent by each hyperspectral module and is used to complete the monitoring of the surface substrate of each monitoring window according to the measurement information, hyperspectral information and water level information corresponding to each monitoring window.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further includes: An down-the-hole hammer casing pipe. Before the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe is arranged in the surface substrate, the surface substrate is cored and the down-the-hole hammer casing pipe is installed to form a well in the surface substrate. After the comprehensive channel monitoring pipe is installed in the well, the down-the-hole hammer casing pipe is taken out; Determine the stratum type according to the sample corresponding to the stratum coring.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further includes: A plurality of nylon cloth bags, each nylon cloth bag is arranged at the grouting hole, and the grouting module grouts each nylon cloth bag through the grouting hole.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stratum type corresponding to each monitoring window at least includes one or more of rock, gravel, sand, soil, mud.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each stratum type corresponds to a plurality of monitoring windows, and the monitoring window density at the upper and lower parts of the comprehensive channel pipe is greater than the monitoring window density at the middle part of the comprehensive channel pipe.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further includes: A meteorological monitoring module for monitoring meteorological information on the surface of the formation, where the meteorological information includes at least one or more of rainfall information, temperature and humidity information, and wind speed information; The terminal device completes the monitoring of the surface substrate of each monitoring window according to the measurement information, water level information, and meteorological information.

10. An integrated channel monitoring method for surface matrix, characterized in that, Applied to the surface substrate integrated channel monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-9; the method includes: Obtaining the measurement information of the integrated sensor module corresponding to each monitoring window; Obtaining the water level information of the formation monitored by the water level measurement module; Completing the monitoring of the surface substrate of each monitoring window according to the measurement information and the water level information.

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