Battery pack thermal damage assessment method, terminal device and computer-readable storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack thermal damage assessment method, terminal device, and computer-readable storage medium. The method comprises: calculating the temperature distribution of a vehicle's exhaust pipe according to a first model; wherein the first model is a one-dimensional equivalent model of the heat transfer of the exhaust pipe; generating a first assessment result according to the temperature distribution and a second model; wherein the second model is a three-dimensional equivalent model of the heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the vehicle's battery pack; and the first assessment result indicates the degree of influence of the exhaust pipe's temperature distribution on the battery pack. The above method can improve the assessment accuracy and reduce the model construction cost, which helps to improve the assessment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack thermal damage assessment method, terminal device, and computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Battery pack thermal damage refers to performance degradation, safety risks (such as thermal runaway), and structural damage caused by abnormally high temperatures during operation or under specific environmental conditions. This problem is particularly prominent in new energy vehicles. The primary source of battery pack thermal damage in new energy vehicles includes high-temperature components such as the vehicle's exhaust pipe.

[0003] The current method for evaluating thermal damage to battery packs requires building a whole vehicle model to evaluate the thermal damage impact of the battery pack in the whole vehicle model. This method has high model building costs and large computational complexity, resulting in low efficiency in thermal damage evaluation of battery packs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a battery pack thermal damage assessment method, terminal device and computer-readable storage medium, which can effectively improve the assessment accuracy and efficiency of battery pack thermal damage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a method for evaluating thermal damage to a battery pack is provided, comprising:

[0007] Calculating the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe of the vehicle according to a first model; wherein the first model is a one-dimensional equivalent model of heat transfer of the exhaust pipe; the first model includes a one-dimensional physical simulation model of the exhaust pipe and a mathematical model for characterizing the heat transfer mode of the one-dimensional physical simulation model;

[0008] A first evaluation result is generated based on the temperature distribution and the second model; wherein the second model is a three-dimensional equivalent model of heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle; the first evaluation result indicates the degree of influence of the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe on the battery pack; the second model includes a three-dimensional physical simulation model of heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack, and a mathematical model for characterizing the heat transfer mode of the three-dimensional physical simulation model.

[0009] In the embodiment of the present application, the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe is calculated using a one-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe heat transfer, and then the thermal damage of the battery pack is evaluated based on the three-dimensional equivalent model of the heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack. Since the construction of the three-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe heat transfer is relatively complex, in the embodiment of the present application, only the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe needs to be obtained using the one-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe heat transfer, and there is no need to construct a three-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe, which greatly reduces the complexity of model construction. In addition, in the one-dimensional equivalent model, the heat transfer parameters required for the evaluation of the thermal damage of the battery pack are relatively large. In the embodiment of the present application, the heat transfer parameters are automatically calculated using the three-dimensional equivalent model, which reduces the cost of manual annotation, and the heat transfer data between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack can be more accurately calculated using the three-dimensional equivalent model. Therefore, the above method can not only improve the evaluation accuracy, but also reduce the cost of model construction, which helps to improve the evaluation efficiency.

[0010] As an implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes:

[0011] Segmenting the exhaust pipe into multiple pipe sections according to the structure of the exhaust pipe to obtain a first segmentation result; wherein the first segmentation result includes the pipe type to which each pipe section belongs, and the pipe type includes a straight pipe and a curved pipe;

[0012] The first model is constructed according to the first segmentation result.

[0013] By using the above method, the exhaust pipe is divided into multiple pipe sections, so that the temperature of the exhaust pipe can be calculated in sections later. This can more realistically reflect the distribution of gas temperature in the exhaust pipe, which helps to improve the accuracy of subsequent battery pack thermal damage assessment.

[0014] As an implementation of the first aspect, constructing the first model according to the first segmentation result includes:

[0015] Acquiring a first geometric parameter of the exhaust pipe;

[0016] determining a second geometric parameter of each pipe section according to the first segmentation result and the first geometric parameter;

[0017] The first model is constructed according to the second geometric parameters.

[0018] As an implementation of the first aspect, calculating the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe of the vehicle according to the first model includes:

[0019] Acquiring operating condition data over a period of time; wherein the operating condition data at each moment in the period of time includes the exhaust gas flow rate of the exhaust pipe, the inlet temperature of the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pressure drop of each section of the pipe;

[0020] The temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe at each moment in the period of time is calculated according to the operating condition data and the first model.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, the operating condition data at each moment during a period of vehicle driving are all involved in the calculation, which is equivalent to considering the real-time impact of temperature changes in various stages of vehicle driving on battery pack thermal damage, and can more accurately reflect the actual situation, thereby helping to improve the assessment accuracy of battery pack thermal damage.

[0022] As an implementation of the first aspect, the first model includes a temperature simulator corresponding to each section of the pipeline, wherein the temperature simulator is used to calculate the pipe wall temperature of the pipeline according to input operating condition data;

[0023] The calculating the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe at each moment in the period of time according to the operating condition data and the first model includes:

[0024] The operating condition data at each moment within the period of time are sequentially input into the first model to obtain the pipe wall temperature of each temperature simulator at each moment within the period of time.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, the wall temperature of each section of the exhaust pipe is calculated by a one-dimensional equivalent model. The heat exchange between the exhaust pipe and the external environment is not considered. Only the dimension of the wall temperature rise caused by the heat exchange between the high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe and the exhaust pipe is considered. On the basis of providing sufficient data basis for subsequent calculations, the model construction cost is greatly simplified, which is conducive to improving the evaluation efficiency.

[0026] As an implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes:

[0027] The second model is constructed according to the first segmentation result; wherein the segmentation rule of the multiple sections of the exhaust pipe in the second model matches the first segmentation result.

[0028] In the above embodiment, the second model is constructed based on the first segmentation result, so that the output result of the first model forms an effective mapping in the second model, which helps to improve the evaluation result of battery pack thermal damage.

[0029] As an implementation of the first aspect, constructing the second model according to the first segmentation result includes:

[0030] constructing a geometric model of the battery pack and the exhaust pipe according to the first segmentation result;

[0031] The second model is constructed based on the geometric model and the heat transfer principle between the battery pack and the exhaust pipe.

[0032] As an implementation of the first aspect, the second model includes a heat convection unit, a heat conduction unit, and a heat radiation unit;

[0033] The first evaluation result includes a temperature distribution outside the battery pack;

[0034] Generating a first evaluation result according to the temperature distribution and the second model includes:

[0035] Calculating a first heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat convection unit, wherein the first heat flux is used to represent heat transfer caused by heat convection between the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe and the battery pack;

[0036] calculating a second heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat transfer unit, the second heat flux being used to represent heat transfer by heat conduction between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle;

[0037] calculating a third heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat radiation unit, the third heat flux being used to represent heat transfer by heat radiation between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle;

[0038] A temperature distribution outside the battery pack is calculated based on the first heat flux, the second heat flux, and the third heat flux.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the effects of high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe on various heat conductions of the battery pack are taken into consideration, which helps to improve the assessment accuracy of thermal damage to the battery pack.

[0040] In a second aspect, a battery pack thermal damage assessment device is provided, comprising:

[0041] a first model unit, configured to calculate a temperature distribution of an exhaust pipe of a vehicle according to a first model; wherein the first model is a one-dimensional equivalent model of heat transfer of the exhaust pipe; the first model includes a one-dimensional physical simulation model of the exhaust pipe and a mathematical model for characterizing a heat transfer mode of the one-dimensional physical simulation model;

[0042] A second model unit is used to generate a first evaluation result based on the temperature distribution and the second model; wherein the second model is a three-dimensional equivalent model of heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle; the first evaluation result indicates the degree of influence of the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe on the battery pack; the second model includes a three-dimensional physical simulation model of heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack, and a mathematical model for characterizing the heat transfer mode of the three-dimensional physical simulation model.

[0043] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, a battery pack thermal damage assessment method as described in any one of the first aspects above is implemented.

[0044] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the battery pack thermal damage assessment method as described in any one of the above-mentioned first aspects is implemented.

[0045] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on a terminal device, the terminal device executes the battery pack thermal damage assessment method described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0046] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the second to fifth aspects mentioned above can be found in the relevant description of the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0047] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. The same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a battery pack thermal damage assessment method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack and the exhaust pipe provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of a segmented exhaust pipe provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a one-dimensional equivalent model of an exhaust pipe provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the algorithm flow provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of a battery pack thermal damage assessment device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0057] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0059] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0060] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0062] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0064] Battery pack thermal damage refers to performance degradation, safety risks (such as thermal runaway), and structural damage caused by abnormally high temperatures during operation or under specific environmental conditions. This problem is particularly prominent in new energy vehicles. The primary source of battery pack thermal damage in new energy vehicles includes high-temperature components such as the vehicle's exhaust pipe.

[0065] Among current battery pack thermal damage assessment methods, one approach involves applying the battery pack's external temperature boundary to the outer surface to simulate the external temperature field under thermal damage conditions. However, this approach, by default, sets the battery pack's external temperature boundary to a fixed value, making it impossible to assess the impact of temperature changes during various stages of vehicle operation on the battery pack's thermal damage. Another approach involves building a complete vehicle model and assessing the thermal damage impact within that model. This approach requires a full vehicle model, which is expensive and computationally intensive, resulting in a low efficiency in battery pack thermal damage assessment.

[0066] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for evaluating thermal damage to a battery pack. In the embodiment of the present application, the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe is calculated through a one-dimensional equivalent model of the heat transfer of the exhaust pipe, and then the thermal damage to the battery pack is evaluated based on a three-dimensional equivalent model of the heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack. Since the construction of a three-dimensional equivalent model of the heat transfer of the exhaust pipe is relatively complex, in the embodiment of the present application, it is only necessary to obtain the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe through a one-dimensional equivalent model of the heat transfer of the exhaust pipe, and there is no need to construct a three-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe, which greatly reduces the complexity of model construction; in addition, in the one-dimensional equivalent model, there are many heat transfer parameters that need to be calibrated to evaluate the thermal damage of the battery pack. In the embodiment of the present application, the heat transfer parameters are automatically calculated through a three-dimensional equivalent model, which reduces the cost of manual annotation. Therefore, the above method can not only improve the evaluation accuracy, but also reduce the cost of model construction, which helps to improve the evaluation efficiency.

[0067] The following describes a method for evaluating thermal damage to a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0068] See also Figure 1 , is a flow chart of the battery pack thermal damage assessment method provided in the embodiment of the present application. As an example and not a limitation, Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack thermal damage assessment method may include the following steps:

[0069] S101 , calculating the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe of the vehicle according to a first model.

[0070] The first model is a one-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe heat transfer, and includes a one-dimensional physical simulation model of the exhaust pipe and a mathematical model for characterizing the heat transfer mode of the one-dimensional physical simulation model.

[0071] It is understood that the one-dimensional equivalent model in the embodiments of the present application refers to a model that simplifies the actual physical system into a model for description and analysis in one dimension. For example, by only considering changes in one direction and ignoring the effects of other dimensions, the one-dimensional equivalent model greatly simplifies the analysis and solution process of the problem.

[0072] It should be noted that the equivalent models (including one-dimensional equivalent models and three-dimensional equivalent models) described in the embodiments of the present application are physical models obtained by simplifying and abstracting actual complex systems. The process of constructing an equivalent model can be regarded as a physical modeling process. For example, a simplified mechanical model or geometric model can be constructed based on assumptions, equivalent parameters, and geometric parameters of the object, and a mathematical model can be used to describe the relationship between the physical quantities involved in the constructed mechanical model or geometric model. It is understandable that evaluation and analysis through equivalent models can make up for the defect of not being able to obtain monitoring data in the real system in actual applications; in addition, the equivalent model is equivalent to simplifying the actual complex system, which facilitates theoretical evaluation and analysis.

[0073] Since the present embodiment evaluates the thermal impact of exhaust gas temperature on the battery pack, it is sufficient to obtain the exhaust pipe's temperature distribution without having to acquire other physical properties of the exhaust pipe. Therefore, the present embodiment uses a one-dimensional equivalent model of exhaust pipe heat transfer to obtain the exhaust pipe's temperature distribution, eliminating the need to construct a three-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe. This allows for accurate exhaust pipe temperature distribution while significantly reducing the complexity of model construction.

[0074] In some embodiments, the vehicle's exhaust pipe can be treated as a whole and its overall temperature calculated, assuming the temperatures of all parts of the exhaust pipe are the same. While this approach is simple, it fails to reflect the true temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe and can affect the accuracy of subsequent battery pack thermal damage assessments.

[0075] In some other embodiments, the first model may be pre-built. The first model may be built in a manner that includes:

[0076] The exhaust pipe is segmented into multiple pipe sections according to the structure of the exhaust pipe to obtain a first segmentation result; wherein the first segmentation result includes the pipe type to which each pipe section belongs, and the pipe type includes a straight pipe and a curved pipe; and a first model is constructed according to the first segmentation result.

[0077] For example, see Figure 2 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack and the exhaust pipe provided in the embodiment of the present application. For example and not for limitation, Figure 2 The figure shows a case where a shell is added to the outside of the battery pack to simulate the state of the battery pack being installed on the chassis of a car. The shell is divided into two parts, the bottom of the upper shell is flush with the bottom surface of the battery pack 21, and the lower shell part 23 extends to a certain extent on both sides. Figure 2 As shown, the exhaust pipe 22 is arranged around the battery pack 21.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the exhaust pipe can be divided into multiple sections according to the bend and straightness of each part of the exhaust pipe. Figure 3 , is a schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe provided in the embodiment of the present application. As an example and not a limitation, Figure 3 As shown, the first portion 31 and the third portion 33 of the exhaust pipe are straight pipes, and the second portion 32 is a curved pipe, thereby dividing the exhaust pipe into three parts.

[0079] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the straightness of the exhaust pipe is used as the basis for division. In other implementations, the exhaust pipe can also be evenly / non-uniformly divided into multiple sections according to the length of the pipe. For example, every L1 meter is divided into a section of pipe. In still other implementations, the exhaust pipe can also be divided based on the pipe length and the straightness of the pipe. For example, for the straight pipe part in the exhaust pipe, every L2 meters is divided into a section of pipe; for the curved pipe part in the exhaust pipe, every L3 meters is divided into a section of pipe. Of course, in actual applications, the exhaust pipe can also be divided in other ways, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0080] Optionally, exhaust pipe segmentation can be achieved by performing image segmentation on the exhaust pipe image. For example, the exhaust pipe image is input into a trained image segmentation model, which outputs pipe segmentation results. The pipe segmentation results may include the starting and ending positions of each pipe segment, as well as the pipe type.

[0081] By using the above method, the exhaust pipe is divided into multiple pipe sections, so that the temperature of the exhaust pipe can be calculated in sections later. This can more realistically reflect the distribution of gas temperature in the exhaust pipe, which helps to improve the accuracy of subsequent battery pack thermal damage assessment.

[0082] In one implementation, the step of constructing the first model according to the first segmentation result may include:

[0083] Obtaining first geometric parameters of the exhaust pipe;

[0084] determining a second geometric parameter of each pipe section according to the first segmentation result and the first geometric parameter;

[0085] The first model is constructed according to the second geometric parameters.

[0086] For example, the first geometric parameters may include the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe, the wall thickness of the exhaust pipe, and the distance between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack. The second geometric parameters may include the inner diameter, wall thickness, length, pipe type, and distance from the battery pack of each pipe segment. The pipe type of each pipe segment may be given by the pipe segmentation result. Optionally, the inner diameter and wall thickness of each pipe segment may be determined based on the starting position and ending position of each pipe segment in the pipe segmentation result, as well as the inner diameter and wall thickness of the exhaust pipe.

[0087] Optionally, the first model may be constructed using modeling software, for example, Amesim software, and the second geometric parameters are input into the Amesim software, which automatically generates a one-dimensional equivalent model of each pipe section based on the second geometric parameters.

[0088] For example, see Figure 4, is a schematic diagram of a one-dimensional equivalent model of an exhaust pipe provided in an embodiment of the present application. As an example and not a limitation, Figure 4 (a) in the figure shows a one-dimensional equivalent model of a straight pipe. Figure 4 (b) in the figure shows the one-dimensional equivalent model of the elbow. Figure 4 As shown, the first element 41 is a pipe arm, the thickness of which is determined by the first geometric parameter. The second element 42 represents a straight pipe, and the third element 43 represents a curved pipe.

[0089] It is understood that the first model in the embodiments of the present application includes not only the geometric structure of the exhaust pipe, but also the mathematical models involved in the gas flow process in the exhaust pipe, such as the mathematical model of the temperature rise of the pipe wall caused by the heat exchange between the high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe and the exhaust pipe. Among them, the geometric structure of the exhaust pipe in the first model includes the distance between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack. In this way, the mathematical model of the first model can calculate the temperature of each pipe during the gas flow process in the exhaust pipe based on the geometric structure of the exhaust pipe.

[0090] In one embodiment, S101 may include:

[0091] Obtaining operating condition data over a period of time; wherein the operating condition data at each moment in a period of time includes the exhaust gas flow rate of the exhaust pipe, the inlet temperature of the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pressure drop of each section of the pipe;

[0092] The temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe at each moment within a period of time is calculated based on the operating condition data and the first model.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, the operating condition data at each moment during a period of vehicle driving are all involved in the calculation, which is equivalent to considering the real-time impact of temperature changes in various stages of vehicle driving on battery pack thermal damage, and can more accurately reflect the actual situation, thereby helping to improve the assessment accuracy of battery pack thermal damage.

[0094] In one embodiment, the first model includes a temperature simulator corresponding to each pipe section, wherein the temperature simulator is configured to calculate the pipe wall temperature of the pipe based on input operating condition data. Accordingly, the step of calculating the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe at each moment during the period of time based on the operating condition data and the first model includes:

[0095] The operating condition data at each moment within a period of time are sequentially input into the first model to obtain the pipe wall temperature calculated by each temperature simulator at each moment within the period of time.

[0096] The temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe is characterized by the wall temperature of each section of the exhaust pipe.

[0097] by Figure 4 For example, Figure 4The fourth element 44 represents a temperature simulator. For example, in the Amesim software, the temperature sensor in the Thermal library can be used as the temperature simulator. It will be appreciated that in the first model, the temperature simulator calculates the wall temperature of each pipe section based on the geometric structure of the exhaust pipe and the mathematical model involved in the gas flow process in the exhaust pipe. In the embodiments of this application, the mathematical model required for the calculation and the implementation principles behind the algorithm are not specifically limited.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, the wall temperature of each section of the exhaust pipe is calculated by a one-dimensional equivalent model. The heat exchange between the exhaust pipe and the external environment is not considered. Only the dimension of the wall temperature rise caused by the heat exchange between the high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe and the exhaust pipe is considered. On the basis of providing sufficient data basis for subsequent calculations, the model construction cost is greatly simplified, which is conducive to improving the evaluation efficiency.

[0099] S102: Generate a first evaluation result according to the temperature distribution and the second model.

[0100] The second model is a three-dimensional equivalent model of heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle; and the first evaluation result represents the degree of influence of the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe on the battery pack.

[0101] It is understood that the three-dimensional equivalent model in the embodiments of this application refers to a model that considers the characteristics and interactions of the system in three dimensions to provide a more comprehensive and accurate description and analysis of the actual physical system. Because it considers the complete geometric shape of the object in three-dimensional space, the distribution of physical parameters, and the interactions between various dimensions, the three-dimensional equivalent model can more realistically reflect the complex characteristics of the actual system.

[0102] It is understandable that if the thermal damage of the battery pack is evaluated in a one-dimensional equivalent model, the evaluation accuracy may be low because the one-dimensional equivalent model ignores the influence of more dimensions; if the thermal damage of the battery pack is evaluated by calibrating the parameters of other dimensions based on the one-dimensional equivalent model, more heat transfer parameters need to be expressed and the annotation cost is high.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe is calculated using a one-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe heat transfer, and then the thermal damage of the battery pack is evaluated based on the three-dimensional equivalent model of the heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack. Since the construction of the three-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe heat transfer is relatively complex, in the embodiment of the present application, it is only necessary to obtain the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe using the one-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe heat transfer, without the need to construct a three-dimensional equivalent model of the exhaust pipe, which greatly reduces the complexity of model construction. In addition, in the one-dimensional equivalent model, the heat transfer parameters required for calibrating the battery pack thermal damage are relatively large. In the embodiment of the present application, the heat transfer parameters are automatically calculated using the three-dimensional equivalent model, which reduces the cost of manual annotation. Therefore, the above method can not only improve the evaluation accuracy, but also reduce the cost of model construction, which helps to improve the evaluation efficiency.

[0104] In one embodiment, the second model may be pre-built. The method of building the second model may include:

[0105] A second model is constructed based on the first segmentation result; wherein the segmentation rule of the multiple sections of the exhaust pipe in the second model matches the first segmentation result.

[0106] Understandably, in some other implementations, the segmentation rules for the multiple exhaust pipe segments in the second model may not match the first segmentation results. However, in such implementations, the output of the first model cannot be effectively mapped to the second model, which can affect the evaluation results. In the above embodiment, however, the second model is constructed based on the first segmentation results, so that the output of the first model is effectively mapped to the second model, which helps improve the battery pack thermal damage assessment results.

[0107] Optionally, in the process of constructing the second model, the exhaust pipe in the second model may be segmented according to the starting position, ending position and pipe type of each pipe section in the first segmentation result.

[0108] In one implementation, the step of constructing the second model according to the first segmentation result includes:

[0109] Constructing the geometric model of the battery pack and the exhaust pipe based on the first segmentation result;

[0110] The second model is constructed based on the geometric model and the heat transfer principle between the battery pack and the exhaust pipe.

[0111] The geometric models of the battery pack and exhaust pipe can be found in Figure 2 It is understood that the geometric model in the embodiment of the present application can describe the positional relationship between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack, as well as the distribution of high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe around the battery pack.

[0112] Alternatively, a second model may be constructed using modeling software, such as FloEFD software. The first segmentation result is input into the FloEFD software, which automatically generates a second model of the battery pack and the exhaust pipe based on the first segmentation result.

[0113] It is understood that the second model in the present embodiment includes not only a three-dimensional physical simulation model of heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack, but also the mathematical model involved in this three-dimensional physical simulation model. Thus, the second model can be used to calculate the thermal damage to the battery pack caused by the gas flow in the exhaust pipe.

[0114] As described in the example above, the software used to build the first and second models can be different. In this case, the output of the first model can be loaded into the second model via a communication mechanism. For example, the communication mechanism can be the Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) module, a standard interface for model exchange and co-simulation between different modeling and simulation tools. The FMI module allows models created in one software tool to be exported in a standardized format (such as a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU)) and then imported and simulated in another FMI-supported tool, thereby enabling the integration and co-simulation of multi-tool and multi-domain models. FMI defines a set of standardized function interfaces through which different simulation tools can encapsulate their models into functional mock-up units (FMUs). FMUs contain the model's executable code, data, and metadata describing the model's behavior. During the co-simulation process, each FMU exchanges data and synchronizes time according to the interface protocol specified by FMI, enabling co-simulation of multiple models.

[0115] In one embodiment, the second model includes a heat convection unit, a heat conduction unit, and a heat radiation unit; and the first evaluation result includes a temperature distribution outside the battery pack.

[0116] Accordingly, the step of generating a first evaluation result according to the temperature distribution and the second model includes:

[0117] Calculating a first heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat convection unit, the first heat flux being used to represent heat transfer due to heat convection between exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe and the battery pack;

[0118] calculating a second heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat transfer unit, the second heat flux being used to represent heat transfer caused by heat conduction between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle;

[0119] calculating a third heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat radiation unit, the third heat flux being used to represent heat transfer due to heat radiation between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle;

[0120] A temperature distribution outside the battery pack is calculated based on the first heat flux, the second heat flux, and the third heat flux.

[0121] For example, the calculation principle of the first heat flux is as follows: shown; among them, is the local surface heat flux; is the local convection heat transfer coefficient, unit is W / (m2*K); is the wall temperature; To avoid moving the fluid temperature.

[0122] The calculation principle of the second heat flux is as follows: shown; among them, is the local heat flux; is the thermal conductivity of the material, unit is W / (m*K); is the temperature gradient.

[0123] The calculation principle of the third heat flux is as follows: shown; among them, is the local surface heat flux; is the emissivity of the object; is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, which is 5.67*10-8 W / (m2*K4); T is the thermodynamic temperature.

[0124] It should be noted that the above is only an example of the calculation principle. The second model not only includes the mathematical models involved in the above-mentioned first heat flux, second heat flux, and third heat flux, but also includes other mathematical models required for evaluating the thermal damage of the battery pack. This application does not make specific limitations on the mathematical formulas involved in the calculation principle.

[0125] In the embodiment of the present application, the effects of high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe on various heat conductions of the battery pack are taken into consideration, which helps to improve the assessment accuracy of thermal damage to the battery pack.

[0126] For example, see Figure 5 , is a schematic diagram of the algorithm flow provided in the embodiment of this application. As an example and not a limitation, Figure 5 As shown, the operating condition data is input into the first model, and then the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe output by the first model is loaded into the second model through FMI; and then the first evaluation result is calculated through the second model.

[0127] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0128] Corresponding to the battery pack thermal damage assessment method described in the above embodiment, Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of a battery pack thermal damage assessment device provided in an embodiment of the present application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown.

[0129] Reference Figure 6 , the device 6 comprises:

[0130] The first model unit 61 is used to calculate the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe of the vehicle according to the first model; wherein the first model is a one-dimensional equivalent model of the heat transfer of the exhaust pipe; the first model includes a one-dimensional physical simulation model of the exhaust pipe and a mathematical model for characterizing the heat transfer mode of the one-dimensional physical simulation model.

[0131] The second model unit 62 is used to generate a first evaluation result based on the temperature distribution and the second model; wherein the second model is a three-dimensional equivalent model of heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle; the first evaluation result indicates the degree of influence of the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe on the battery pack; the second model includes a three-dimensional physical simulation model of heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack, and a mathematical model for characterizing the heat transfer mode of the three-dimensional physical simulation model.

[0132] Optionally, the first model unit 61 is further configured to:

[0133] Segmenting the exhaust pipe into multiple pipe sections according to the structure of the exhaust pipe to obtain a first segmentation result; wherein the first segmentation result includes the pipe type to which each pipe section belongs, and the pipe type includes a straight pipe and a curved pipe;

[0134] The first model is constructed according to the first segmentation result.

[0135] Optionally, the first model unit 61 is further configured to:

[0136] Acquiring a first geometric parameter of the exhaust pipe;

[0137] determining a second geometric parameter of each pipe section according to the first segmentation result and the first geometric parameter;

[0138] The first model is constructed according to the second geometric parameters.

[0139] Optionally, the first model unit 61 is further configured to:

[0140] Acquiring operating condition data over a period of time; wherein the operating condition data at each moment in the period of time includes the exhaust gas flow rate of the exhaust pipe, the inlet temperature of the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pressure drop of each section of the pipe;

[0141] The temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe at each moment in the period of time is calculated according to the operating condition data and the first model.

[0142] Optionally, the first model includes a temperature simulator corresponding to each section of the pipeline, wherein the temperature simulator is used to calculate the pipe wall temperature of the pipeline according to the input operating condition data; accordingly, optionally, the first model unit 61 is further used to:

[0143] The operating condition data at each moment within the period of time are sequentially input into the first model to obtain the pipe wall temperature of each temperature simulator at each moment within the period of time.

[0144] Optionally, the second model unit 62 is further configured to:

[0145] The second model is constructed according to the first segmentation result; wherein the segmentation rule of the multiple sections of the exhaust pipe in the second model matches the first segmentation result.

[0146] Optionally, the second model unit 62 is further configured to:

[0147] constructing a geometric model of the battery pack and the exhaust pipe according to the first segmentation result;

[0148] The second model is constructed based on the geometric model and the heat transfer principle between the battery pack and the exhaust pipe.

[0149] Optionally, the second model includes a heat convection unit, a heat conduction unit, and a heat radiation unit; the first evaluation result includes the temperature distribution outside the battery pack; accordingly, the second model unit 62 is further configured to:

[0150] Calculating a first heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat convection unit, wherein the first heat flux is used to represent heat transfer caused by heat convection between the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe and the battery pack;

[0151] calculating a second heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat transfer unit, the second heat flux being used to represent heat transfer by heat conduction between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle;

[0152] calculating a third heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat radiation unit, the third heat flux being used to represent heat transfer by heat radiation between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle;

[0153] A temperature distribution outside the battery pack is calculated based on the first heat flux, the second heat flux, and the third heat flux.

[0154] It should be noted that the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the above-mentioned devices / units are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of this application. Their specific functions and technical effects can be found in the method embodiment section and will not be repeated here.

[0155] in addition, Figure 6 The battery pack thermal damage assessment device shown can be a software unit, hardware unit, or a combination of software and hardware units built into an existing terminal device, or it can be integrated into the terminal device as an independent pendant, or it can exist as an independent terminal device.

[0156] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be distributed and completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0157] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal device provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the terminal device 7 of this embodiment includes: at least one processor 70 ( Figure 7 Only one is shown in the figure) a processor, a memory 71, and a computer program 72 stored in the memory 71 and executable on the at least one processor 70, wherein the processor 70 implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned battery pack thermal damage assessment method embodiments when executing the computer program 72.

[0158] The terminal device may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a PDA, or a cloud server. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory. Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 7It is only an example of the terminal device 7 and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal device 7. It may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, it may also include input and output devices, network access devices, etc.

[0159] The processor 70 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0160] In some embodiments, the memory 71 may be an internal storage unit of the terminal device 7, such as a hard drive or memory of the terminal device 7. In other embodiments, the memory 71 may also be an external storage device of the terminal device 7, such as a plug-in hard drive, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, a flash memory card, etc. equipped on the terminal device 7. Furthermore, the memory 71 may include both an internal storage unit of the terminal device 7 and an external storage device. The memory 71 is used to store an operating system, application programs, a boot loader, data, and other programs, such as the program code of the computer program. The memory 71 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is about to be output.

[0161] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be implemented.

[0162] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on a terminal device, the terminal device can implement the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program product.

[0163] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present application implements all or part of the process steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed by a processor, the computer program can implement the steps of each of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in source code form, object code form, executable file, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to a device / terminal equipment, recording medium, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electric carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media. Examples include USB flash drives, removable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks. In some jurisdictions, based on legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media cannot be electric carrier signals or telecommunication signals.

[0164] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0165] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0166] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminal equipment and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal equipment embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules or units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0167] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0168] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating thermal damage to a battery pack, characterized in that: include: Segmenting the exhaust pipe of the vehicle into multiple pipe segments according to the structure of the exhaust pipe to obtain a first segmentation result; wherein the first segmentation result includes the pipe type to which each pipe segment belongs, and the pipe type includes a straight pipe and a curved pipe; Obtaining first geometric parameters of the exhaust pipe; wherein the first geometric parameters include an inner diameter of the exhaust pipe, a wall thickness of the exhaust pipe, and a distance between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack; Determining second geometric parameters of each pipe segment based on the first segmentation result and the first geometric parameters; wherein the second geometric parameters include an inner diameter, a wall thickness, a length, a pipe type, and a distance between each pipe segment and the battery pack; constructing a first model according to the second geometric parameters; Calculating the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe of the vehicle based on the first model; wherein the first model is a one-dimensional equivalent model of the heat transfer of the exhaust pipe; the first model includes a one-dimensional physical simulation model of the exhaust pipe and a mathematical model for characterizing the heat transfer mode of the one-dimensional physical simulation model; the one-dimensional equivalent model is a model that simplifies the actual physical system into a single dimension for description and analysis; Constructing a second model based on the first segmentation result; wherein the segmentation rule of the multiple sections of the exhaust pipe in the second model matches the first segmentation result; A first evaluation result is generated based on the temperature distribution and the second model; wherein the second model is a three-dimensional equivalent model of heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle; the first evaluation result indicates the degree of influence of the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe on the battery pack; the second model includes a three-dimensional physical simulation model of heat transfer between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack, and a mathematical model for characterizing the heat transfer mode of the three-dimensional physical simulation model.

2. The battery pack thermal damage assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculating the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe of the vehicle according to the first model includes: Acquiring operating condition data over a period of time; wherein the operating condition data at each moment in the period of time includes the exhaust gas flow rate of the exhaust pipe, the inlet temperature of the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pressure drop of each section of the pipe; The temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe at each moment in the period of time is calculated according to the operating condition data and the first model.

3. The battery pack thermal damage assessment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first model includes a temperature simulator corresponding to each section of the pipeline, wherein the temperature simulator is used to calculate the pipe wall temperature of the pipeline according to the input working condition data; The calculating the temperature distribution of the exhaust pipe at each moment in the period of time according to the operating condition data and the first model includes: The operating condition data at each moment within the period of time are sequentially input into the first model to obtain the pipe wall temperature calculated by each temperature simulator at each moment within the period of time.

4. The battery pack thermal damage assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constructing a second model according to the first segmentation result includes: constructing a geometric model of the battery pack and the exhaust pipe according to the first segmentation result; The second model is constructed based on the geometric model and the heat transfer principle between the battery pack and the exhaust pipe.

5. The battery pack thermal damage assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second model includes a heat convection unit, a heat conduction unit and a heat radiation unit; The first evaluation result includes a temperature distribution outside the battery pack; Generating a first evaluation result according to the temperature distribution and the second model includes: calculating a first heat flux according to the temperature distribution and the heat convection unit, wherein the first heat flux is used to represent heat transfer caused by heat convection between the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe and the battery pack; calculating a second heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat transfer unit, the second heat flux being used to represent heat transfer by heat conduction between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle; calculating a third heat flux based on the temperature distribution and the heat radiation unit, the third heat flux being used to represent heat transfer by heat radiation between the exhaust pipe and the battery pack of the vehicle; A temperature distribution outside the battery pack is calculated based on the first heat flux, the second heat flux, and the third heat flux.

6. A terminal device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the battery pack thermal damage assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the battery pack thermal damage assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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