Real-time Acquisition and Processing Method and System of Hydrological Data Based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly relates to a real-time acquisition and processing method and system for hydrological data based on the Internet of Things. The method includes: taking reservoirs, irrigated lands, and water channels in water conservancy projects as physical entity objects, and taking historical monitoring data in water conservancy projects as digital inputs to construct a digital twin model of the water conservancy project. Determining the functional relationship between the aridity from the reservoir to the irrigated land and the seepage loss rate; predicting the first aridity of the irrigated land in a future period, substituting the first aridity into the functional relationship to obtain the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigated land; determining the relative irrigation optimality of the current reservoir for the irrigated land; determining the water volume allocation rate for dispatching from the current reservoir to each irrigated land, and dispatching water resources from the current reservoir to each irrigated land based on the water volume allocation rate. Thus, the present invention improves the scheduling and allocation efficiency of water resources and solves the problem of water resource waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly to a real-time acquisition and processing method and system for hydrological data based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] Building a digital twin model based on the Internet of Things and realizing the scheduling of reservoir water resources in water conservancy projects according to the real-time acquired hydrological data can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of water resources management. The digital twin model monitors and simulates the state of the physical reservoir in real time, updates and reflects the hydrological information in the virtual model in real time, so that the model can predict and optimize the water resources scheduling decision of the reservoir.

[0003] The scheduling of reservoir water resources in the digital twin model is generally allocated according to the drought degree of the irrigated land and the distance from the reservoir. First, predict the possible drought degree that each irrigated land may face in the future. Then, for areas with a higher drought degree, give priority to scheduling water sources to ensure that their irrigation needs are met. On this basis, it is also necessary to further evaluate the distance between the reservoir and the irrigated land. For the irrigated land closer to the reservoir, give priority to water source allocation to improve the water delivery efficiency and reduce water loss during transportation.

[0004] In some scenarios, both the terrain and geological permeability will affect the water loss situation when the reservoir transports water resources to the irrigated land. The slope of the terrain determines the water flow velocity. If the terrain causes the water flow velocity to decrease significantly, the residence time of the water flow in the water channel will be further extended with the transportation distance. In addition, if the geological permeability is high, more water will seep into the groundwater layer during long-term transportation, further reducing the water volume in the water conveyance channel. This will not only affect the scheduling and distribution efficiency of water resources, but also lead to waste of water resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems of low scheduling and distribution efficiency of water resources in water conservancy projects and waste of water resources, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time acquisition and processing method and system for hydrological data based on the Internet of Things, and the specific technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a real-time acquisition and processing method for hydrological data based on the Internet of Things, including: regarding reservoirs, irrigated lands, and water channels in water conservancy projects as physical entity objects, and using historical monitoring data in water conservancy projects as digital inputs to construct a digital twin model of the water conservancy project; determining the functional relationship between the aridity and seepage loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigated land according to the digital twin model and the first speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land affected by the terrain; predicting the first aridity of the irrigated land in a future period by using the digital twin model and the current monitoring data in the water conservancy project, substituting the first aridity into the functional relationship to obtain the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigated land; determining the relative irrigation optimality of the current reservoir for the irrigated land according to the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigated land; determining the water allocation rate for dispatching water from the current reservoir to each irrigated land according to the relative irrigation optimality of each reservoir for the irrigated land and the first aridity of each irrigated land in a future period, and dispatching water resources from the current reservoir to each irrigated land based on the water allocation rate.

[0007] Optionally, determining the functional relationship between the aridity and seepage loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigated land according to the digital twin model and the first speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land affected by the terrain includes: predicting the second aridity of the irrigated land in a future period by using the historical data in the digital twin model; determining the second speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land affected by the terrain in each irrigation according to the historical monitoring water flow speeds of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigated land during each irrigation; determining the availability of the speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land in the current irrigation according to the historical monitoring water flow speeds of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigated land in the current irrigation and other irrigations; determining the first speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land affected by the terrain based on the second speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain in each irrigation and the availability of the speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land in each irrigation; determining the historical seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land in each irrigation according to the water supply amount of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land in each irrigation, the first humidity of the irrigated land before each irrigation, and the second humidity after each irrigation; determining the functional relationship between the aridity and seepage loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigated land according to the second aridity, the first speed reduction rate, the length of the water channel from the reservoir to the irrigated land, and the historical seepage loss rate.

[0008] Optionally, determining the second rate of decrease in the irrigation water flow speed affected by the terrain from the reservoir to the irrigation area according to the historical monitored water flow speeds of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigation area during each irrigation includes: calculating a first difference between the historical monitored water flow speeds of adjacent monitoring points, and calculating a first ratio between the first difference and the historical monitored water flow speed of the previous monitoring point among the adjacent monitoring points; superimposing the first ratios to obtain the second rate of decrease in the irrigation water flow speed affected by the terrain from the reservoir to the irrigation area during each irrigation.

[0009] Optionally, determining the availability of the rate of decrease in speed from the reservoir to the irrigation area during the current irrigation according to the historical monitored water flow speeds of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigation area during the current irrigation and other irrigations includes: calculating a second ratio between the historical monitored water flow speed of the latter monitoring point and the historical monitored water flow speed of the previous monitoring point among the adjacent monitoring points during the current irrigation, and a third ratio between the historical monitored water flow speed of the latter monitoring point and the historical monitored water flow speed of the previous monitoring point among the adjacent monitoring points during other irrigations; calculating the absolute value of a second difference between the second ratio and the third ratio, and performing inverse proportional normalization on the absolute value of the second difference to obtain a first normalized value; superimposing the first normalized values corresponding to multiple irrigations and each monitoring point to obtain the availability of the rate of decrease in speed from the reservoir to the irrigation area during the current irrigation.

[0010] Optionally, determining the first rate of decrease in the irrigation water flow speed affected by the terrain from the reservoir to the irrigation area based on the second rate of decrease in the irrigation water flow speed affected by the terrain during each irrigation and the availability of the rate of decrease in speed from the reservoir to the irrigation area during each irrigation includes: superimposing the second rates of decrease in the irrigation water flow speed affected by the terrain during each irrigation to obtain a superimposed rate of decrease in speed, and calculating a fourth ratio between the second rate of decrease in the irrigation water flow speed affected by the terrain during each irrigation and the superimposed rate of decrease in speed; calculating a first product between the fourth ratio and the second rate of decrease in the irrigation water flow speed affected by the terrain during each irrigation, and superimposing the first products to obtain the first rate of decrease in speed.

[0011] Optionally, determining the historical infiltration loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigation area during each irrigation according to the water supply volume from the reservoir to the irrigation area during each irrigation, the first humidity before each irrigation, and the second humidity after each irrigation includes: performing normalization on the water supply volume from the reservoir to the irrigation area during each irrigation to obtain a second normalized value, and calculating a third difference between the second humidity and the first humidity, and performing normalization on the third difference to obtain a third normalized value; calculating a fourth difference between the second normalized value and the third normalized value, and performing normalization on the fourth difference to obtain the historical infiltration loss rate.

[0012] Optionally, determining the relative irrigation optimality of the current reservoir for the irrigated land according to the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigated land includes: calculating the sum value between the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigated land and the hyperparameter; performing normalization processing on the reciprocal of the sum value to obtain the relative irrigation optimality.

[0013] Optionally, determining the water volume distribution rate for the current reservoir to dispatch water to each irrigated land according to the relative irrigation optimality of each reservoir for the irrigated land and the first drought degree of each irrigated land in the future period includes: superimposing the relative irrigation optimality of each reservoir for the irrigated land to obtain the superimposed optimality, and superimposing the first drought degree of each irrigated land in the future period to obtain the superimposed drought degree; calculating the fifth ratio between the relative irrigation optimality of the current reservoir for the irrigated land and the superimposed optimality, and the sixth ratio between the first drought degree of the irrigated land in the future period and the superimposed drought degree; determining the second product between the fifth ratio and the sixth ratio as the water volume distribution rate.

[0014] Optionally, dispatching water resources from the current reservoir to each irrigated land based on the water volume distribution rate includes: determining the third product between the water volume distribution rate and the total water supply as the water resources required for the irrigated land and dispatching them.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an Internet of Things-based real-time hydrological data acquisition and processing system, including: a processor and a memory; wherein, the memory is used to store a computer program that can run on the processor; the processor is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the Internet of Things-based real-time hydrological data acquisition and processing method mentioned in the first aspect.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, taking the reservoir, irrigated land, and water channel in the water conservancy project as physical entity objects, and using the historical monitoring data in the water conservancy project as digital inputs to construct a digital twin model of the water conservancy project. According to the digital twin model and the first speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land affected by the terrain, determining the functional relationship between the drought degree and the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land; then using the digital twin model and the current monitoring data in the water conservancy project to predict the first drought degree of the irrigated land in the future period, and substituting the first drought degree into the functional relationship to obtain the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigated land; secondly, determining the relative irrigation optimality of the current reservoir for the irrigated land according to the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigated land; finally, according to the relative irrigation optimality of each reservoir for the irrigated land and the first drought degree of each irrigated land in the future period, determining the water volume distribution rate for the current reservoir to dispatch water to each irrigated land, and dispatching water resources from the current reservoir to each irrigated land based on the water volume distribution rate.

[0017] Thus, in the embodiments of the present invention, the speed reduction rate under each terrain is calculated based on the historical monitoring data between the reservoir and the irrigated land. On the basis that the speed reduction rate from the same reservoir to the irrigated land is consistent, the water volume distribution rate for the reservoir to dispatch water to each irrigated land is determined by combining the speed reduction rate from the reservoir to the irrigated land and the functional relationship between the infiltration loss rates under different drought degrees, thereby realizing the water resources for the reservoir to dispatch water to each irrigated land. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention not only consider the aridity of the irrigated land and the length parameter of the water channel, but also combine the terrain factor and the geological permeability factor to determine the water resources for dispatching each irrigated land, improving the efficiency of water resource dispatching and distribution and avoiding the problem of water resource waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for real-time collection and processing of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of a water conservancy project provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a scatter diagram between aridity and infiltration loss rate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for real-time collection and processing of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following, in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features, and effects of a method and system for real-time collection and processing of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, the specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0025] The following specifically describes the specific solution of a real-time acquisition and processing method for hydrological data based on the Internet of Things provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows the flowchart of the real-time acquisition and processing method for hydrological data based on the Internet of Things provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including:

[0028] S101, taking the reservoir, irrigation land, and water channel in the water conservancy project as physical entity objects, and taking the historical monitoring data in the water conservancy project as digital inputs to construct a digital twin model of the water conservancy project; determining the functional relationship between the drought and seepage loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigation land according to the digital twin model and the first speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation land affected by the terrain.

[0029] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the relationship among the reservoir, irrigation land, and water channel in the water conservancy project is as Figure 2 shown, Figure 2 which is a schematic diagram of the composition of a water conservancy project provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 In, the reservoir is connected to the irrigation land through a water channel for irrigating the irrigation land during drought. In the embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir, irrigation land, and water channel are used as physical entity objects in the digital twin model. At least one monitoring point is set on the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigation land, and the water flow velocity change at each monitoring point during each irrigation process is monitored in real time through a flow velocity meter. At the same time, in the embodiment of the present invention, sensors are installed in each irrigation land to record meteorological data (such as temperature, humidity, etc.) and soil moisture data. The meteorological data, water flow velocity data, and soil moisture data monitored in the embodiment of the present invention are used as digital inputs in the digital twin model, and the digital twin model of the water conservancy project is jointly constructed in combination with the operating principles of physical entities such as the reservoir, irrigation land, and water channel, and the actual water conservancy project is imitated through the digital twin model.

[0030] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, taking the i reservoir to the j irrigation land as an example, there are a total of monitoring points on the water channel between them. In the digitalized digital twin model, the water flow velocity data monitored by the flow velocity meter at each monitoring point during the historical irrigation processes, the soil moisture data before irrigation, the soil moisture data after irrigation, the drought degree data before irrigation, and the water supply data for irrigation can be obtained. The known information is shown in Table 1 below:

[0031] Table 1: Known historical information of the irrigation land

[0032]

[0033] Further, after the digital twin model is constructed in the embodiments of the present invention, based on the physical entity objects in the digital twin and the corresponding historical monitoring data, the drought degree of all irrigated lands in the future for a period of time is predicted by using well-known technologies. In the embodiments of the present invention, the drought degree in the future for a period of time is expressed as .

[0034] Further, in water conservancy projects, the reservoir and the irrigated land are connected by a water channel, and the flow velocity of the irrigation water is affected by the terrain of the water channel. If the terrain slope is large, the water flow velocity is fast; if the slope is gentle, the water flow velocity is slow. In mountainous or valley areas, the water flow velocity is fast; while in plateau or flat areas, the water flow velocity is slow. In addition, if the water channel or river course passes through many curved or tortuous areas during water conveyance, the water flow velocity may also be hindered. The water channel between the reservoir and the irrigated land usually undergoes various terrain changes. It is not accurate to calculate the velocity reduction rate only based on the velocities at the initial and end points. Nowadays, by calculating the velocity reduction rate at multiple adjacent monitoring points, the influence of the terrain changes along the way on the water flow velocity can be more accurately reflected. The velocity reduction rate between adjacent monitoring points is measured based on local terrain features. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present invention, by adding these local velocity reduction rates, the changes in different sections can be captured more meticulously. This method can better reveal the influence of local terrain on the flow velocity, thus avoiding potential errors.

[0035] Further, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the functional relationship between the drought degree and the infiltration loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigated land according to the digital twin model and the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land affected by the terrain includes: predicting the second drought degree of the irrigated land in the future period by using the historical data in the digital twin model; determining the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land affected by the terrain in each irrigation according to the historical monitored water flow velocities of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigated land during each irrigation; determining the availability of the velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land in the current irrigation according to the historical monitored water flow velocities of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigated land in the current irrigation and other irrigations; determining the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land affected by the terrain based on the second velocity reduction rates of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain in each irrigation and the availability of the velocity reduction rates of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land in each irrigation; determining the historical infiltration loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land in each irrigation according to the water supply amount of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land in each irrigation, the first humidity before each irrigation of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigated land, and the second humidity after each irrigation; and determining the functional relationship between the drought degree and the infiltration loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigated land according to the second drought degree, the first velocity reduction rate, the length of the water channel from the reservoir to the irrigated land, and the historical infiltration loss rate.

[0036] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, when determining the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain from the reservoir to the irrigation land in each irrigation, first calculate the first difference between the historical monitored water flow velocities of adjacent monitoring points, and calculate the first ratio between the first difference and the historical monitored water flow velocity of the previous monitoring point among the adjacent monitoring points; then superimpose each first ratio to obtain the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain from the reservoir to the irrigation land in each irrigation.

[0037] Specifically, taking the example of the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation land in the t-th historical irrigation in the embodiment of the present invention, the following formula is used to calculate the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation land in the t-th historical irrigation:

[0038]

[0039] In the above formula, represents the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation land in the t-th historical irrigation. represents the number of monitoring points between the i-th reservoir and the j-th irrigation land (regarding the reservoir as the 0-th monitoring point and the irrigation land as the -th monitoring point). represents the historical monitored water flow velocity monitored at the (h - 1)-th monitoring point between the i-th reservoir and the j-th irrigation land in the t-th historical irrigation. represents the historical monitored water flow velocity monitored at the h-th monitoring point between the i-th reservoir and the j-th irrigation land in the t-th historical irrigation. represents the velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain monitored between the (h - 1)-th monitoring point and the h-th monitoring point between the i-th reservoir and the j-th irrigation land in the t-th historical irrigation. It should be noted that to ensure the significance of the calculation results, in the embodiment of the present invention, when performing fractional operations, in the case of a denominator of zero, a tuning parameter factor greater than 0 needs to be added to the denominator to prevent the denominator from being zero. The value of the tuning parameter factor is set by the implementer according to the actual situation, and this application does not make special restrictions.

[0040] Similarly, the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain from each reservoir to each irrigation land in each historical irrigation can be obtained.

[0041] Further, in each historical irrigation process, by adding the second velocity reduction rates of adjacent monitoring points between the reservoir and the irrigated land, the total velocity reduction rate affected by the terrain can be obtained. However, this calculation is not absolutely accurate because some emergencies, such as rainfall and sudden changes in climatic conditions, may affect the measurement of the water flow velocity at the intermediate monitoring points. For example, rainfall will directly change the water flow state. Especially in the water channel, rainfall may have a direct impact on the water flow velocity at the monitoring point. However, not every monitoring point will encounter the same emergency situation during each irrigation process. In most cases, due to the consistency of the terrain, the impact on the water flow is relatively fixed. Therefore, under the same terrain conditions, the velocity change of a certain monitoring point relative to the previous monitoring point is consistent with the changes in other irrigation periods. Based on this, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the availability of the velocity reduction rate from the reservoir to the irrigated land during the current irrigation according to the historical monitored water flow velocities of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigated land during the current irrigation and other irrigations includes: calculating the second ratio between the historical monitored water flow velocity of the latter monitoring point and the historical monitored water flow velocity of the previous monitoring point among the adjacent monitoring points during the current irrigation, and the third ratio between the historical monitored water flow velocity of the latter monitoring point and the historical monitored water flow velocity of the previous monitoring point among the adjacent monitoring points during other irrigations; calculating the absolute value of the second difference between the second ratio and the third ratio, and performing inverse proportional normalization processing on the absolute value of the second difference to obtain the first normalized value; superimposing the first normalized values corresponding to multiple irrigations and each monitoring point to obtain the availability of the velocity reduction rate from the reservoir to the irrigated land during the current irrigation.

[0042] Specifically, taking the example of the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigated land during the t-th historical irrigation in the embodiments of the present invention, the following formula is used to calculate the availability of the velocity reduction rate from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigated land during the t-th historical irrigation:

[0043]

[0044] In the above formula, represents the availability of the velocity reduction rate obtained from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigated land during the t-th historical irrigation. represents the number of monitoring points between the i-th reservoir and the j-th irrigated land. represents that there are a total of historical irrigation data from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigated land. exp(-) represents the inverse proportional normalization function, which is used to perform inverse proportional normalization processing on . represents the historical monitored water flow velocity monitored at the h-th monitoring point from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigated land during the t-th historical irrigation. Denote the historical monitored water flow velocity detected at the (h - 1)-th monitoring point in the j-th irrigation area from the i-th reservoir during the t-th historical irrigation. Denote the change in water flow velocity detected at the (h - 1)-th monitoring point in the j-th irrigation area from the i-th reservoir compared to the h-th monitoring point during the t-th historical irrigation. Denote the historical monitored water flow velocity detected at the h-th monitoring point in the j-th irrigation area from the i-th reservoir during the k-th historical irrigation. Denote the historical monitored water flow velocity detected at the (h - 1)-th monitoring point in the j-th irrigation area from the i-th reservoir during the k-th historical irrigation. Denote the change in water flow velocity detected at the (h - 1)-th monitoring point in the j-th irrigation area from the i-th reservoir compared to the h-th monitoring point during the k-th historical irrigation. Denote the similarity between the change in water flow velocity detected at the (h - 1)-th monitoring point in the j-th irrigation area from the i-th reservoir compared to the h-th monitoring point during the t-th historical irrigation and the change in water flow velocity detected during the k-th historical irrigation.

[0045] Similarly, the availability of the velocity reduction rate obtained for each reservoir to each irrigation area during each historical irrigation can be obtained.

[0046] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention can determine the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation area affected by the terrain by weighting the availability of the velocity reduction rate affected by the terrain obtained from the historical irrigation and the second velocity reduction rate. As an optional embodiment of the present invention, based on the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain in each irrigation and the availability of the velocity reduction rate from the reservoir to the irrigation area in each irrigation, determining the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation area affected by the terrain includes: superimposing the second velocity reduction rates of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain in each irrigation to obtain the superimposed velocity reduction rate, and calculating the fourth ratio between the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain in each irrigation and the superimposed velocity reduction rate; calculating the first product between the fourth ratio and the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain in each irrigation, and superimposing each first product to obtain the first velocity reduction rate.

[0047] Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention constructs the following formula to represent the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area affected by the terrain:

[0048]

[0049] In the above formula, Denote the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area affected by the terrain. Denote that there are a total of from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area Historical irrigation data Indicates the availability of the velocity reduction rate obtained during the t-th historical irrigation from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area Indicates the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain during the t-th historical irrigation from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area

[0050] Similarly, the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain from each reservoir to each irrigation area can be obtained

[0051] Furthermore, for different historical irrigation times from the same reservoir to the same irrigation area, if the change in humidity before and after irrigation is relatively large compared to other irrigation times, it indicates a large amount of irrigation water used. If this change shows a consistent relationship with the water supply of this irrigation compared to other irrigation times, it indicates a small infiltration loss rate; conversely, if there is a large difference between the change and the water supply relationship, it indicates a large infiltration loss rate. As an optional embodiment of the present invention, based on the water supply from the reservoir to the irrigation area during each irrigation, the first humidity before each irrigation from the reservoir to the irrigation area, and the second humidity after each irrigation, determining the historical infiltration loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigation area during each irrigation includes: normalizing the water supply from the reservoir to the irrigation area during each irrigation to obtain a second normalized value, and calculating the third difference between the second humidity and the first humidity, and normalizing the third difference to obtain a third normalized value; calculating the fourth difference between the second normalized value and the third normalized value, and normalizing the fourth difference to obtain the historical infiltration loss rate

[0052] Specifically, taking the t-th historical irrigation from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area as an example in the embodiment of the present invention, the following formula is used to calculate the historical infiltration loss rate from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area during the t-th historical irrigation

[0053]

[0054] In the above formula Indicates the historical infiltration loss rate obtained during the t-th historical irrigation from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area. f represents the maximum-minimum normalization function (compared with other historical irrigation times) Indicates the water supply from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area during the t-th historical irrigation Indicates the second humidity from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area after the t-th historical irrigation Indicates the first humidity from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area before the t-th historical irrigation

[0055] Further, for the water channels from different reservoirs to the irrigation areas (with the changes in i and j), the longer the distance from the reservoir to the irrigation area and the higher the rate of speed reduction over this distance, the longer the residence time of the water flow in the water channel. This increases the chance of the water flow contacting the soil of the water channel, which may lead to more water infiltrating into the soil of the water channel, thereby increasing the infiltration loss rate and showing a relatively linear direct proportional relationship. Exemplarily, as Figure 3 shown, Figure 3 is a scatter plot between the aridity and the infiltration loss rate provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from Figure 3 , when the reservoir and the irrigation area are fixed (with the change in t), the change in the infiltration loss under different irrigation times is mainly caused by the difference in the aridity of the water channel. The aridity of the water channel is closely related to the aridity of the irrigation area because the water channel and the irrigation area form a continuous system, and the water flow and humidity changes between the two are interrelated. If the aridity of the irrigation area is high, it can be considered that the aridity of the water channel is also high. At this time, when water flows from the water channel to the irrigation area, the water channel will experience corresponding water evaporation and infiltration losses. Therefore, under the condition that the reservoir and the irrigation area are fixed, there is also a linear direct proportional relationship between the aridity and the infiltration loss rate.

[0056] Based on this, according to the above analysis, taking the example of the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area, an embodiment of the present invention constructs a functional relationship between the aridity and the infiltration loss rate from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area:

[0057]

[0058] The above formula represents the functional relationship between the aridity and the infiltration loss rate from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area during the t-th historical irrigation. represents the first rate of speed reduction of the irrigation water flow from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area affected by the terrain. represents the length of the water channel from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area. represents the predicted second aridity of the j-th irrigation area 10 days in the future before the t-th historical irrigation. k and b are unknown parameters, b is the soil permeability parameter, and k is the infiltration increase rate.

[0059] Further, although the soil permeabilities between different reservoirs and irrigation areas may be different (with different b), the influence mode (i.e., the response mode) of the aridity on water evaporation and infiltration loss is similar on different lands. That is to say, an increase in aridity will lead to an increase in water evaporation and infiltration loss, and the rate of this increase may show the same trend on different lands, manifested as the same k and different b. An embodiment of the present invention can construct the following system of functional equations to represent the functional relationship between the aridity and the infiltration loss rate for all reservoirs to all irrigation areas:

[0060]

[0061] In the above formula, represents the functional relationship between the aridity and seepage loss rate from the first reservoir to the first irrigation area during the t-th historical irrigation. represents the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the first reservoir to the first irrigation area affected by the terrain. represents the canal length from the first reservoir to the first irrigation area. represents the predicted second aridity of the first irrigation area 10 days in the future before the t-th historical irrigation. represents the soil permeability parameter from the first reservoir to the first irrigation area. k is the seepage increase rate. It should be noted that the explanations of other parameters in the above formula can refer to the explanations of the above parameters, and the embodiments of the present invention will not elaborate here.

[0062] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention obtain the combined error sum of the above function equations:

[0063]

[0064] In the above formula, represents the combined error sum of the above function equations, represents the error obtained by substituting the i×j-th equation in the above function equations into the historical data in the water conservancy project.

[0065] Among them,

[0066] In the above formula, represents the error obtained by substituting the i×j-th equation in the above function equations into the historical data in the water conservancy project. represents the historical seepage loss rate obtained during the t-th historical irrigation from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area. represents substituting the second aridity, the first velocity reduction rate, and the canal length during the t-th historical irrigation into the corresponding functional relationship to obtain the function value.

[0067] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention use the least squares method to minimize the above combined error sum, and obtain k and all b that minimize the error. Thus, the functional relationship between the aridity and seepage loss rate can be determined when irrigating from each reservoir to each irrigation area. It should be noted that minimizing the error using the least squares method to obtain the unknown parameters can refer to the known technology, and the embodiments of the present invention will not elaborate here.

[0068] Further, in the embodiments of the present invention, the relationship between aridity and seepage loss rate is obtained for each reservoir to each irrigation area through the above steps. Taking the example of the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area, the functional relationship between aridity and seepage loss rate at this time is . Among them, represents the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area affected by the terrain. represents the canal length from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area. represents the predicted second aridity of the j-th irrigation area 10 days in the future before the t-th irrigation in history. is the soil permeability parameter from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area, and k is the seepage increase rate.

[0069] S102. Use the digital twin model and the current monitoring data in the water conservancy project to predict the first aridity of the irrigation area in the future period, and substitute the first aridity into the functional relationship to obtain the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigation area.

[0070] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, the digital twin model and the current monitoring data in the water conservancy project are used to predict the first aridity of the irrigation area in the future period. Among them, the duration of the future period can be 10 days. Substitute the predicted first aridity into the above functional relationship, and the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area can be obtained:

[0071]

[0072] In the above formula, represents the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area. is the soil permeability parameter from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area, and k is the seepage increase rate. represents the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area affected by the terrain. represents the canal length from the i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation area. represents the predicted first aridity of the j-th irrigation area 10 days in the future during the current irrigation.

[0073] Similarly, the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from each current reservoir to each irrigation area can be determined.

[0074] S103. Determine the relative irrigation optimality of the current reservoir for the irrigation area according to the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigation area.

[0075] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, when evaluating the relative irrigation optimality of each reservoir for each irrigation land, the lower the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow means that the degree of water absorbed and utilized by the soil during irrigation is higher, thereby reducing water waste and loss, improving the utilization efficiency of the irrigation water flow, and thus improving the irrigation effect. In addition, if the seepage loss rate of a certain reservoir to a certain irrigation land is lower than the seepage loss rate of the reservoir to other irrigation lands, this indicates that the pairing of the reservoir and the irrigation land makes more effective use of water resources, the water flow is better utilized, and thus the irrigation optimality is improved. Among them, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the relative irrigation optimality of the current reservoir for the irrigation land according to the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigation land includes: calculating the sum value between the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigation land and the hyperparameter; performing normalization processing on the reciprocal of the sum value to obtain the relative irrigation optimality.

[0076] Specifically, taking the current ith reservoir for the jth irrigation land as an example in the embodiments of the present invention, the relative irrigation optimality of the current ith reservoir for the jth irrigation land is calculated using the following formula:

[0077]

[0078] In the above formula, represents the relative irrigation optimality of the current ith reservoir for the jth irrigation land. f represents the maximum-minimum normalization function (compared with other irrigation lands). represents the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current ith reservoir to the jth irrigation land. represents a hyperparameter that makes the denominator non-zero.

[0079] Similarly, the relative irrigation optimality of each current reservoir for each irrigation land can be determined.

[0080] S104. Determine the water allocation rate for the current reservoir to each irrigation land according to the relative irrigation optimality of each reservoir for the irrigation land and the first drought degree of each irrigation land in the future period, and dispatch water resources from the current reservoir to each irrigation land based on the water allocation rate.

[0081] Specifically, the embodiments of the present invention have predicted the drought degrees of all irrigation lands after 10 days in the future, so that the total amount of water required for the entire irrigation can be obtained according to the actual regulation needs. Next, the embodiments of the present invention need to obtain the water allocation rate of each reservoir to each irrigation land. For each irrigation land, the higher the drought degree, the higher the total amount of water required. The total water allocation rate required for the jth irrigation land is , this allocation rate can be allocated by calling all reservoirs. To achieve the optimal irrigation effect, the above embodiments of the present invention obtain the relative irrigation optimality of all reservoirs with respect to this irrigation land, so that the reservoir with a relatively higher irrigation optimality has a higher allocation rate on the basis of the total water volume allocation rate.

[0082] Further, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the water volume allocation rate for the current reservoir to each irrigation land according to the relative irrigation optimality of each reservoir with respect to the irrigation land and the first drought degree of each irrigation land in the future time period includes: superimposing the relative irrigation optimality of each reservoir with respect to the irrigation land to obtain a superimposed optimality, and superimposing the first drought degree of each irrigation land in the future time period to obtain a superimposed drought degree; calculating the fifth ratio between the relative irrigation optimality of the current reservoir with respect to the irrigation land and the superimposed optimality, and the sixth ratio between the first drought degree of the irrigation land in the future time period and the superimposed drought degree; determining the second product between the fifth ratio and the sixth ratio as the water volume allocation rate.

[0083] Specifically, taking the current i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation land as an example in the embodiments of the present invention, the following formula is used to calculate the water volume allocation rate for the current i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation land:

[0084]

[0085] In the above formula, represents the water volume allocation rate for the current i-th reservoir to the j-th irrigation land. represents the relative irrigation optimality of the current i-th reservoir with respect to the j-th irrigation land, and N represents a total of N reservoirs. represents the relative irrigation optimality of the current i-th reservoir with respect to the j-th irrigation land compared to the relative irrigation optimality of other reservoirs with respect to the j-th irrigation land. represents the first drought degree predicted for the j-th irrigation land after 10 days in the future, and M represents a total of M irrigation lands. represents the total water volume allocation rate required for the j-th irrigation land.

[0086] Similarly, the water volume allocation rate for each current reservoir to each irrigation land can be obtained, and this is used as a method for reservoir water resource scheduling with the optimal irrigation effect.

[0087] Further, after the above embodiments of the present invention determine the water volume allocation rate for each current reservoir to each irrigation land, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, scheduling water resources from the current reservoir to each irrigation land based on the water volume allocation rate includes: determining the third product between the water volume allocation rate and the total water supply as the water resources required for the irrigation land and performing scheduling.

[0088] Specifically, after predicting the first drought degree of each irrigation area in the embodiment of the present invention, the total water supply required for each irrigation area is determined in the existing manner. Multiply the water volume distribution rate of each irrigation area by the total water supply to obtain the water resources required for the irrigation area and perform scheduling. Among them, during the scheduling process, the embodiment of the present invention transmits the state information of the water conservancy project in the physical world to the digital twin model, and at the same time feeds back the optimal allocation scheme calculated in the digital twin model to the physical world. Through this information exchange, the interaction between the physical world and the digital twin model is realized, thus forming a closed-loop feedback system to ensure that the water resource allocation scheme can be optimized and adjusted in real time. The operation mechanism of the entire system realizes the efficient management and reasonable utilization of water resources through continuous feedback and adjustment, and better responds to extreme weather conditions such as drought.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present invention, the speed reduction rate under each terrain is calculated based on the historical monitoring data between the reservoir and the irrigation area. On the basis that the speed reduction rate from the same reservoir to the irrigation area is the same, the function relationship between the speed reduction rate from the reservoir to the irrigation area and the infiltration loss rate under different drought degrees is combined to determine the water volume distribution rate of the reservoir for scheduling to each irrigation area, so as to realize the water resources of the reservoir for scheduling to each irrigation area. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention not only considers the drought degree of the irrigation area and the length parameter of the water channel, but also combines the terrain factor and the geological permeability factor to determine the scheduling water resources of each irrigation area, improving the scheduling and allocation efficiency of water resources and avoiding the problem of waste of water resources.

[0090] Embodiment 2:

[0091] Corresponding to the above-mentioned method for real-time acquisition and processing of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things, based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a system for real-time acquisition and processing of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things. The system for real-time acquisition and processing of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things is used to execute the above-mentioned method for real-time acquisition and processing of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things. Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of a system for real-time acquisition and processing of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things provided by an embodiment of the present invention is as Figure 4 shown. The system for real-time acquisition and processing of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things may vary greatly due to configuration or performance, and may include one or more processors 401 and a memory 402. The memory 402 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 401. The processor 401 is used to execute the programs stored in the memory 402 to implement the above Figure 1Each step in the method embodiment. Among them, the memory 402 can be transient storage or persistent storage. The application program stored in the memory 402 may include one or more modules (not shown in the figure), and each module may include a series of computer-executable instructions in the real-time acquisition and processing system of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things.

[0092] Furthermore, the processor 401 can be set to communicate with the memory 402 and execute a series of computer-executable instructions in the memory 402 on the real-time acquisition and processing system of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things. The real-time acquisition and processing system of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things may further include one or more power supplies 403, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 404, one or more input / output interfaces 405, and one or more keyboards 406.

[0093] Specifically in this embodiment, the real-time acquisition and processing system of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus; among them, the processor, the communication interface, and the memory complete mutual communication through the bus; the memory is used to store computer programs; the processor is used to execute the programs stored on the memory to implement the above Figure 1 Each step in the method embodiment, and has the beneficial effects of the above method embodiment. To avoid repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not be described in detail here.

[0094] It should be noted that the real-time acquisition and processing system of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things provided in the embodiments of the present invention and the real-time acquisition and processing method of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things provided in the embodiments of the present invention are based on the same application concept. Therefore, the specific implementation of this embodiment can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned real-time acquisition and processing method of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things, and has the same or similar beneficial effects. The repeated parts will not be described again.

[0095] It should be noted that the above order of the embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0096] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and the key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A real-time acquisition and processing method for hydrological data based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, The real-time acquisition and processing method of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things includes: Regarding the reservoir, irrigation land, and water channel in the water conservancy project as physical entity objects, constructing a digital twin model of the water conservancy project with the historical monitoring data in the water conservancy project as digital input; determining the functional relationship between the aridity and seepage loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigation land according to the digital twin model and the first speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation land affected by the terrain; Using the digital twin model and the current monitoring data in the water conservancy project to predict the first aridity of the irrigation land in the future period, substituting the first aridity into the functional relationship to obtain the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigation land; Determining the relative irrigation optimality of the current reservoir for the irrigation land according to the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigation land; Determining the water allocation rate for the current reservoir to dispatch water to each irrigation land according to the relative irrigation optimality of each reservoir for the irrigation land and the first aridity of each irrigation land in the future period, and dispatching water resources from the current reservoir to each irrigation land based on the water allocation rate; The determining the functional relationship between the aridity and seepage loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigation land according to the digital twin model and the first speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation land affected by the terrain includes: Using the historical data in the digital twin model to predict the second aridity of the irrigation land in the future period; Determining the second speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation land affected by the terrain in each irrigation according to the historical monitored water flow speeds of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigation land during each irrigation; Determining the availability of the speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation land in the current irrigation according to the historical monitored water flow speeds of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigation land in the current irrigation and other irrigations; Determining the first speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation land affected by the terrain based on the second speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain in each irrigation and the availability of the speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation land in each irrigation; Determining the historical seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation land in each irrigation according to the water supply volume of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation land in each irrigation, the first moisture content of the irrigation land before each irrigation, and the second moisture content after each irrigation; Determining the functional relationship between the aridity and the seepage loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigation land according to the second aridity, the first speed reduction rate, the length of the water channel from the reservoir to the irrigation land, and the historical seepage loss rate.

2. The real-time acquisition and processing method of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determining the second speed reduction rate of the irrigation water flow from the reservoir to the irrigation land affected by the terrain in each irrigation according to the historical monitored water flow speeds of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigation land during each irrigation includes: Calculate a first difference between historical monitored water flow velocities of adjacent monitoring points, and calculate a first ratio between the first difference and the historical monitored water flow velocity of the previous monitoring point among the adjacent monitoring points; Superimpose each of the first ratios to obtain a second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain during each irrigation from the reservoir to the irrigation land.

3. The real-time acquisition and processing method of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determining the availability of the velocity reduction rate from the reservoir to the irrigation land during the current irrigation according to the historical monitored water flow velocities of adjacent monitoring points in the water channel between the reservoir and the irrigation land during the current irrigation and other irrigations includes: Calculate a second ratio between the historical monitored water flow velocity of the latter monitoring point and the historical monitored water flow velocity of the previous monitoring point among the adjacent monitoring points in the current irrigation, and a third ratio between the historical monitored water flow velocity of the latter monitoring point and the historical monitored water flow velocity of the previous monitoring point among the adjacent monitoring points in other irrigations; Calculate the absolute value of a second difference between the second ratio and the third ratio, and perform inverse proportional normalization processing on the absolute value of the second difference to obtain a first normalized value; Superimpose the first normalized values corresponding to multiple irrigations and each monitoring point to obtain the availability of the velocity reduction rate from the reservoir to the irrigation land during the current irrigation.

4. The real-time acquisition and processing method of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determining the first velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain from the reservoir to the irrigation land based on the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain during each irrigation and the availability of the velocity reduction rate from the reservoir to the irrigation land during each irrigation includes: Superimpose the availabilities of the velocity reduction rates from the reservoir to the irrigation land during each irrigation to obtain a superimposed velocity reduction rate availability, and calculate a fourth ratio between the availability of the velocity reduction rate from the reservoir to the irrigation land during each irrigation and the superimposed velocity reduction rate availability; Calculate a first product between the fourth ratio and the second velocity reduction rate of the irrigation water flow affected by the terrain during each irrigation, and superimpose each of the first products to obtain the first velocity reduction rate.

5. The real-time acquisition and processing method of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining the historical seepage loss rate from the reservoir to the irrigation land during each irrigation according to the water supply amount from the reservoir to the irrigation land during each irrigation, the first humidity before each irrigation from the reservoir to the irrigation land, and the second humidity after each irrigation includes: Perform normalization processing on the water supply amount from the reservoir to the irrigation land during each irrigation to obtain a second normalized value, and calculate a third difference between the second humidity and the first humidity, and perform normalization processing on the third difference to obtain a third normalized value; Calculate a fourth difference between the second normalized value and the third normalized value, and perform normalization processing on the fourth difference to obtain the historical seepage loss rate.

6. The real-time acquisition and processing method of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The determining the relative irrigation optimality of the current reservoir for the irrigation land according to the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigation land includes: Calculate the sum value between the seepage loss rate of the irrigation water flow from the current reservoir to the irrigation land and the hyperparameter; Normalize the reciprocal of the sum value to obtain the relative irrigation optimality degree.

7. The real-time acquisition and processing method of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The determining of the water volume allocation rate for scheduling the current reservoir to each irrigation area according to the relative irrigation optimality degree of each reservoir for the irrigation area and the first aridity of each irrigation area in the future period includes: Superimpose the relative irrigation optimality degrees of each reservoir for the irrigation area to obtain a superimposed optimality degree, and superimpose the first aridity of each irrigation area in the future period to obtain a superimposed aridity; Calculate a fifth ratio between the relative irrigation optimality degree of the current reservoir for the irrigation area and the superimposed optimality degree, and a sixth ratio between the first aridity of the irrigation area in the future period and the superimposed aridity; Determine that the second product between the fifth ratio and the sixth ratio is the water volume allocation rate.

8. The real-time acquisition and processing method of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scheduling of water resources from the current reservoir to each irrigation area based on the water volume allocation rate includes: Determine that the third product between the water volume allocation rate and the total water supply is the water resources required for the irrigation area and schedule it.

9. A real-time acquisition and processing system for hydrological data based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, Includes: A processor and a memory; wherein, the memory is used to store a computer program that can run on the processor; The processor is used to execute the program stored on the memory to implement the steps of the method for real-time acquisition and processing of hydrological data based on the Internet of Things as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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