A linear power converter and its conversion method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of power supply, and discloses a linear power converter and a conversion method thereof, including a polarity power converter for outputting positive and negative polarity voltages; when the linear power converter supplies power to a DC load, the polarity power converter is a positive polarity power converter or a negative polarity power converter, and when the linear power converter supplies power to an AC load, the polarity power converter includes a positive polarity power converter and a negative polarity power converter; each polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit and N power adjustment units. The present invention innovates a new type of linear power supply topology, which can achieve isolated control, waveform following without distortion, and free combination of output voltage, output current and output power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power supply, and particularly relates to a linear power converter and a conversion method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of power electronics technology, power supply products have also stepped onto a new level. Generally speaking, power supply products can be divided into two categories: switching type and linear type. Currently, most products on the market are switching power supplies. However, in specific application scenarios, such as those with high requirements for power output stability, ripple, and electromagnetic interference, linear power supplies still have a place. Traditional linear power supplies mostly use triode voltage division to achieve, as Figure 18 shown, making the triode work in the linear amplification region. The input voltage of the power bus is divided between the collector and emitter of the triode. Although this circuit structure is simple and convenient, there is a problem that when the bus voltage is high (2000V, 3000V, and higher), it is difficult for the triode to withstand such a high voltage. Figure 18 In IN , V L represents the input voltage, Vref represents the reference voltage, both R1 and R2 represent resistors, and R

[0003] Therefore, it is extremely important to innovate a new type of linear power supply topology that can achieve isolation control, waveform following without distortion, and free combination of output voltage, output current, and output power, and can be realized simply and quickly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to innovate a new type of linear power supply topology that can achieve isolation control, waveform following without distortion, and free combination of output voltage, output current, and output power, and to provide a linear power converter and a conversion method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] A linear power converter includes a polarity power converter for outputting positive and negative voltages.

[0007] The polarity power converter includes a positive polarity power converter and / or a negative polarity power converter.

[0008] Each of the polarity power converters includes one power control unit and N power regulation units, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 0. The power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalization unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalization unit of the positive-polarity power converter is connected to the output terminal of the positive bus, and the active regulation unit is connected to the load as the high-voltage output terminal. The impedance voltage equalization unit of the negative-polarity power converter is connected to the load as the high-voltage output terminal, and the active regulation unit is connected to the output terminal of the negative bus. When N = 0, the impedance voltage equalization unit is connected to the active regulation unit. When N = 1, one power regulation unit is connected between the impedance voltage equalization unit and the active regulation unit. When N > 1, N power regulation units are connected in series between the impedance voltage equalization unit and the active regulation unit.

[0009] Further, when the linear power converter supplies power to a DC load, the polarity power converter is a positive-polarity power converter or a negative-polarity power converter, and there are M polarity power converters, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1. If M > 1, then M polarity power converters are connected in parallel.

[0010] When the linear power converter supplies power to an AC load, the polarity power converter includes a positive-polarity power converter and a negative-polarity power converter. There are M1 positive-polarity power converters and M2 negative-polarity power converters; M1 and M2 may be equal or unequal.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] (1) The present invention can supply power to a DC load alone or supply power to an AC load alone. When supplying power to a DC load, there are two ways: a positive-polarity power converter or a negative-polarity power converter. The structures of the power converters of the two polarities are the same, but the ways of connecting the output terminal of the positive bus, the output terminal of the negative bus, and the load are different. When supplying power to an AC load, it includes a positive-polarity power converter and a negative-polarity power converter. If the AC load is a simple waveform, that is, the positive and negative voltage amplitudes in the AC waveform are equal, then the number M1 of positive-polarity power converters is made equal to the number M2 of negative-polarity power converters. If the AC load is a complex waveform, that is, there are both AC waveforms and DC waveforms, and the positive and negative voltage amplitudes may not be equal, then the number M1 of positive-polarity power converters is made unequal to the number M2 of negative-polarity power converters. Therefore, through the construction of the circuit structure, this solution can be adapted to various loads.

[0013] (2) After the present invention accesses the positive high-voltage bus voltage PHV or / and the negative high-voltage bus voltage NHV, by setting a free number of power regulation units in the circuit, the voltage drop across each transistor can be adjusted and reduced, making it possible for the linear power converter to operate under a high bus voltage.

[0014] (3) By adjusting the magnitude of the drive current, the present invention can obtain the target voltage output to the load. After the magnitude of the drive current is set, if the number of power adjustment units is larger, the voltage drop of each transistor can be correspondingly reduced, so that the voltage borne by each transistor will be smaller, and the range of the high bus voltage that can be received can also be wider. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other relevant drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the first implementation manner in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the second implementation manner in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the third implementation manner in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the first implementation manner in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the second implementation manner in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the third implementation manner in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the first implementation manner in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the second implementation manner in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the third implementation manner in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the first implementation manner in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 11 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the second implementation manner in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 12 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the third implementation manner in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 13 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the first implementation manner in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 14 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the second implementation manner in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 15 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the third implementation manner in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 16 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the first implementation manner in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 17 It is the structural block diagram of a linear power converter of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 18 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the background art.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 - impedance voltage equalizing unit, 2 - active regulation unit, 3 - power regulation unit. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but only represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In addition, terms such as "connected" and "connected to" can be directly connected between components, or indirectly connected through other components.

[0037] The present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions. A linear power converter is proposed, which can supply power to a DC load or an AC load. The AC load should include an AC load with a simple waveform and an AC load with a complex waveform (AC plus DC). The linear power converter includes a polarity power converter for outputting positive and negative polarity voltages. When supplying power to a DC load, the polarity power converter outputs a positive polarity voltage or a negative polarity voltage; when supplying power to an AC load, the polarity power converter outputs a positive polarity voltage and a negative polarity voltage.

[0038] Specifically, when the linear power converter supplies power to a DC load, the polarity power converter is a positive polarity power converter or a negative polarity power converter. There are M polarity power converters, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1. If M>1, then the M polarity power converters are connected in parallel.

[0039] When the linear power converter supplies power to an AC load, the polarity power converter includes a positive polarity power converter and a negative polarity power converter. There are M1 positive polarity power converters and M2 negative polarity power converters, where M1 and M2 are both integers greater than or equal to 1. If supplying power to an AC load with a simple waveform, then M1 = M2; if supplying power to an AC load with a complex waveform, then M1 ≠ M2.

[0040] As Figure 17 shown, each polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit and N power adjustment units, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 0. The power control unit includes an impedance equalization unit and an active adjustment unit; the impedance equalization unit of the positive polarity power converter is connected to the positive bus output terminal, and the active adjustment unit is connected to the load as the high-voltage output terminal; the impedance equalization unit of the negative polarity power converter is connected to the load as the high-voltage output terminal, and the active adjustment unit is connected to the negative bus output terminal; when N = 0, the impedance equalization unit is connected to the active adjustment unit; when N = 1, 1 power adjustment unit is connected between the impedance equalization unit and the active adjustment unit; when N>1, N power adjustment units are connected in series between the impedance equalization unit and the active adjustment unit.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] As the first implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a positive polarity voltage, as Figure 1As shown, M = 1, N = 0, the polarity power converter is a positive-polarity power converter. The positive-polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit, and the power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalization unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalization unit includes a first voltage equalization capacitor CXA1 and a first voltage equalization resistor RXA1. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYA1, a first transistor SA1, and a triode QA1. After the first end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXA1 and the first end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXA1 are connected, they serve as the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit and are connected to the positive bus output terminal PHV. After the second end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXA1 and the other end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXA1 are connected, they serve as the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYA1 is connected to the base of the first transistor SA1, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit and are connected to the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. The collector of the first transistor SA1 serves as the second end of the active regulation unit and is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. The emitter of the first transistor SA1 is connected to the emitter of the triode QA1. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYA1 is connected to the collector of the triode QA1, they serve as the third end of the active regulation unit (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) and are connected to the load. The base of the triode QA1 serves as the drive signal input terminal OI1 to receive the drive signal, where OI1 is a forward drive.

[0043] Furthermore, the active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode D1A1, a fourth clamping diode D2A1, a fifth clamping diode D3A1, a sixth clamping diode D4A1, a fourth voltage equalization resistor RYA1, and a variable resistor RLA1. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYA1, the cathode of the third clamping diode D1A1, the first end of the fourth voltage equalization resistor RYA1, and the cathode of the fourth clamping diode D2A1 are connected, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit. The anode of the third clamping diode D1A1 is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth voltage equalization resistor RYA1, the cathode of the fifth clamping diode D3A1, and the base of the first transistor SA1. The emitter of the first transistor SA1 is respectively connected to the anode of the fifth clamping diode D3A1, the first end of the variable resistor RLA1, and the emitter of the triode QA1. The second end of the variable resistor RLA1 is connected to the anode of the sixth clamping diode D4A1. The cathode of the sixth clamping diode D4A1 and the base of the triode QA1 are respectively connected to the drive signal input terminal OI1. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYA1, the anode of the fourth clamping diode D2A1, and the collector of the triode QA1 are connected, they serve as the third end of the active regulation unit (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO).

[0044] Please continue to refer to Figure 1, at the beginning of power-on of the linear power converter, a positive voltage PHV is connected to the output terminal of the positive bus. The starting capacitor CYA1 is charged through the path of PHV - RXA1 - CYA1 - HVO (the upper limit of charging is the regulated voltage value of D2A1). The voltage value of the starting capacitor CYA1 prepares for the conduction of SA1; when a drive signal is connected to the drive signal input terminal OI1 to form a drive current, QA1 conducts (the magnitude of the drive current determines the degree of conduction). After QA1 conducts, SA1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYA1, and SA1 starts to conduct (the degree of conduction is controlled by the magnitude of the drive current). Thus, the overall conduction path is PHV - SA1 - QA1 - HVO, and the voltage range output by HVO is 0 to PHV. The magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the drive current.

[0045] As the second implementation mode of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a negative-polarity voltage. As Figure 2 shown, M = 1, N = 0. The polarity power converter is a negative-polarity power converter. The negative-polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit, and the power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalization unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalization unit includes a first voltage equalization capacitor CXB1 and a first voltage equalization resistor RXB1. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYB1, a first transistor SB1, and a triode QB1; after the first end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXB1 and the first end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXB1 are connected, they serve as the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) and are connected to the load; after the other end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXB1 and the other end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXB1 are connected, they serve as the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit; after the first end of the starting capacitor CYB1 is connected to the base of the first transistor SB1, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit and are connected to the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit; the collector of the first transistor SB1 serves as the second end of the active regulation unit and is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit; the emitter of the first transistor SB1 is connected to the emitter of the triode QB1. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYB1 is connected to the collector of the triode QB1, they serve as the third end of the active regulation unit and are connected to the negative bus output terminal NHV; the base of the triode QB1 serves as the drive signal input terminal OI2 to receive a drive signal, where OI2 is a negative drive.

[0046] Further, the active adjustment unit further includes a third clamping diode D1B1, a fourth clamping diode D2B1, a fifth clamping diode D3B1, a sixth clamping diode D4B1, a fourth voltage-sharing resistor RYB1, and a variable resistor RLB1; the first end of the starting capacitor CYB1, the cathode of the third clamping diode D1B1, the first end of the fourth voltage-sharing resistor RYB1, and the cathode of the fourth clamping diode D2B1 are connected and used as the first end of the active adjustment unit; the anode of the third clamping diode D1B1 is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth voltage-sharing resistor RYB1, the cathode of the fifth clamping diode D3B1, and the base of the first transistor SB1; the emitter of the first transistor SB1 is respectively connected to the anode of the fifth clamping diode D3B1, the first end of the variable resistor RLB1, and the emitter of the triode QB1; the second end of the variable resistor RLB1 is connected to the anode of the sixth clamping diode D4B1, and the cathode of the sixth clamping diode D4B1 and the base of the triode QB1 are respectively connected to the drive signal input terminal OI2; the second end of the starting capacitor CYB1, the anode of the fourth clamping diode D2B1, and the collector of the triode QB1 are connected and used as the third end of the active adjustment unit.

[0047] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , at the beginning of the power-on of the linear power converter, a negative voltage NHV is connected to the negative bus output terminal, and the starting capacitor CYB1 is charged through the path of NHV - CYB1 - RXB1 - HVO (the upper limit of the charge is the regulated voltage value of D2B1), and the voltage value of the starting capacitor CYB1 prepares for the conduction of SB1; when a drive signal is connected to the drive signal input terminal OI2 to form a drive current, QB1 conducts (the magnitude of the drive current determines the conduction degree), after QB1 conducts, SB1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYB1, and SB1 starts to conduct (the conduction degree is controlled by the magnitude of the drive current), so the overall conduction path is NHV - QB1 - SB1 - HVO, and the output voltage range of HVO is NHV~0V, and the magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the drive current.

[0048] As the third implementation mode of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to an AC load (simple waveform) and outputs positive and negative voltages, such as Figure 3 shown, M = 1, N = 0, and the polarity power converter includes a positive polarity power converter and a negative polarity power converter.

[0049] The positive-polarity power converter includes one power control unit, and the polarity control unit includes an impedance voltage equalizing unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalizing unit includes a first voltage equalizing capacitor CXA1 and a first voltage equalizing resistor RXA1. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYA1, a first transistor SA1, and a triode QA1. After the first end of the first voltage equalizing capacitor CXA1 and the first end of the first voltage equalizing resistor RXA1 are connected, they serve as the first end of the impedance voltage equalizing unit and are connected to the positive bus output terminal PHV. After the other end of the first voltage equalizing capacitor CXA1 and the other end of the first voltage equalizing resistor RXA1 are connected, they serve as the second end of the impedance voltage equalizing unit. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYA1 is connected to the base of the first transistor SA1, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit and are connected to the second end of the impedance voltage equalizing unit. The collector of the first transistor SA1 serves as the second end of the active regulation unit and is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalizing unit. The emitter of the first transistor SA1 is connected to the emitter of the triode QA1. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYA1 is connected to the collector of the triode QA1, they serve as the third end of the active regulation unit (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) and are connected to the load. The base of the triode QA1 serves as the drive signal input terminal OI1 to receive a drive signal, where OI1 is a forward drive.

[0050] Furthermore, the active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode D1A1, a fourth clamping diode D2A1, a fifth clamping diode D3A1, a sixth clamping diode D4A1, a fourth voltage equalizing resistor RYA1, and a variable resistor RLA1. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the first implementation manner of this embodiment, so they will not be described here again.

[0051] The negative-polarity power converter includes one power control unit, and the power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalizing unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalizing unit includes a first voltage equalizing capacitor CXB1 and a first voltage equalizing resistor RXB1. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYB1, a first transistor SB1, and a triode QB1. After the first end of the first voltage equalizing capacitor CXB1 and the first end of the first voltage equalizing resistor RXB1 are connected, they serve as the first end (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) of the impedance voltage equalizing unit and are connected to the load. After the other end of the first voltage equalizing capacitor CXB1 and the other end of the first voltage equalizing resistor RXB1 are connected, they serve as the second end of the impedance voltage equalizing unit. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYB1 is connected to the base of the first transistor SB1, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit and are connected to the second end of the impedance voltage equalizing unit. The collector of the first transistor SB1 serves as the second end of the active regulation unit and is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalizing unit. The emitter of the first transistor SB1 is connected to the emitter of the triode QB1, and after the second end of the starting capacitor CYB1 is connected to the collector of the triode QB1, they serve as the third end of the active regulation unit and are connected to the negative bus output terminal NHV. The base of the triode QB1 serves as the drive signal input terminal OI2 to receive a drive signal, where OI2 is a negative drive signal.

[0052] Furthermore, the active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode D1B1, a fourth clamping diode D2B1, a fifth clamping diode D3B1, a sixth clamping diode D4B1, a fourth voltage equalizing resistor RYB1, and a variable resistor RLB1. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the second implementation manner of this embodiment, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0053] Please continue to refer to Figure 3, at the beginning of the power-on of the linear power converter, a positive voltage PHV is connected to the output terminal of the positive bus, and the starting capacitor CYA1 is charged through the path of PHV - RXA1 - CYA1 - HVO (the charging upper limit value is the regulated voltage value of D2A1). At the same time, a negative voltage NHV is connected to the output terminal of the negative bus, and the starting capacitor CYB1 is charged through the path of NHV - CYB1 - RXB1 - HVO (the charging upper limit value is the regulated voltage value of D2B1). The voltage values of the starting capacitor CYA1 and the starting capacitor CYB1 prepare for the conduction of SA1 and SB1 respectively; when a driving signal is connected to the driving signal input terminal OI1 to form a driving current, QA1 conducts (the magnitude of the driving current determines the conduction degree). After QA1 conducts, SA1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYA1, and SA1 starts to conduct (the conduction degree is controlled by the magnitude of the driving current); at the same time, when a driving signal is connected to the driving signal input terminal OI2 to form a driving current, QB1 conducts (the magnitude of the driving current determines the conduction degree). After QB1 conducts, SB1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYB1, and SB1 starts to conduct (the conduction degree is controlled by the magnitude of the driving current); thus, the overall conduction path is PHV - SA1 - QA1 - HVO and NHV - QB1 - SB1 - HVO, and the output voltage range of HVO is NHV~PHV, and the magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the driving current.

[0054] Among them, the driving signal is an isolated driving signal, and is in the form of optical isolation or magnetic isolation to achieve isolated control.

[0055] Embodiment 2:

[0056] As the first implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a positive-polarity voltage, such as Figure 4As shown, M = 1, N = 1, the polarity power converter is a positive-polarity power converter. The positive-polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit and 1 power regulation unit. The power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalization unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalization unit includes a first voltage equalization capacitor CXA1 and a first voltage equalization resistor RXA1. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYA1, a first transistor SA1, and a triode QA1. After the first end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXA1 and the first end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXA1 are connected, they serve as the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit and are connected to the positive bus output terminal PHV. After the second end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXA1 and the second end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXA1 are connected, they serve as the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYA1 is connected to the base of the first transistor SA1, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit. The collector of the first transistor SA1 serves as the second end of the active regulation unit. The emitter of the first transistor SA1 is connected to the emitter of the triode QA1. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYA1 is connected to the collector of the triode QA1, they serve as the third end of the active regulation unit (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) and are connected to the load. The base of the triode QA1 serves as the drive signal input terminal OI1 to receive the drive signal.

[0057] The power regulation unit includes a second voltage equalization resistor R11A1, a third voltage equalization resistor R12A1, a second voltage equalization capacitor C1A1, a first clamping diode D11A1, a second clamping diode D12A1, and a second transistor S1A1. After the first end of the second voltage equalization capacitor C1A1, the first end of the second voltage equalization resistor R11A1, the first end of the third voltage equalization resistor R12A1, and the cathode of the first clamping diode D11A1 are connected, they serve as the first end of the power regulation unit and are connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. The anode of the first clamping diode D11A1, the second end of the third voltage equalization resistor R12A1, and the cathode of the second clamping diode D12A1 are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor S1A1. The collector of the second transistor S1A1 serves as the second end of the power regulation unit and is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. After the second end of the second voltage equalization capacitor C1A1 and the second end of the second voltage equalization resistor R11A1 are connected, they serve as the third end of the power regulation unit and are connected to the first end of the active regulation unit. After the cathode of the second clamping diode D12A1 and the emitter of the second transistor S1A1 are connected, they serve as the fourth end of the power regulation unit and are connected to the second end of the active regulation unit.

[0058] Furthermore, the active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode D1A1, a fourth clamping diode D2A1, a fifth clamping diode D3A1, a sixth clamping diode D4A1, a fourth voltage equalization resistor RYA1, and a variable resistor RLA1. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the first implementation manner of Embodiment 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0059] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 When the linear power converter is powered on at the beginning, a positive voltage PHV is connected to the output terminal of the positive bus. The path of PHV - RXA1 - R11A1 - CYA1 - HVO is used to charge the starting capacitor CYA1 (the upper limit of the charge is the regulated voltage value of D2A1). The voltage value of the starting capacitor CYA1 prepares for the conduction of SA1. When a drive signal is connected to the drive signal input terminal OI1 to form a drive current, QA1 conducts (the magnitude of the drive current determines the degree of conduction). After QA1 conducts, SA1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYA1, and SA1 starts to conduct. After SA1 conducts, S1A1 has the ability to conduct (the conduction degree of all transistors is controlled by the magnitude of the drive current). Thus, the overall conduction path is PHV - S1A1 - SA1 - QA1 - HVO, and the voltage range output by HVO is 0 to PHV. The magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the drive current.

[0060] As the second implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a negative - polarity voltage. As Figure 5 shown, M = 1, N = 1. The polarity power converter is a negative - polarity power converter. The negative - polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit and 1 power regulation unit. The power control unit includes an impedance voltage - equalizing unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage - equalizing unit includes a first voltage - equalizing capacitor CXB1 and a first voltage - equalizing resistor RXB1. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYB1, a first transistor SB1, and a triode QB1. After the first end of the first voltage - equalizing capacitor CXB1 and the first end of the first voltage - equalizing resistor RXB have been connected, they are used as the first end of the impedance voltage - equalizing unit (i.e., the high - voltage output terminal HVO) to connect to the load. After the second end of the first voltage - equalizing capacitor CXB1 and the second end of the first voltage - equalizing resistor RXB1 have been connected, they are used as the second end of the impedance voltage - equalizing unit. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYB1 and the base of the first transistor SB1 have been connected, they are used as the first end of the active regulation unit. The collector of the first transistor SB1 is used as the second end of the active regulation unit. The emitter of the first transistor SB1 is connected to the emitter of the triode QB1. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYB1 and the collector of the triode QB1 have been connected, they are used as the third end of the active regulation unit to connect to the negative - bus output terminal NHV. The base of the triode QB1 is used as the drive signal input terminal OI2 to connect to the drive signal.

[0061] The power adjustment unit includes a second voltage-sharing resistor R11B1, a third voltage-sharing resistor R12B1, a second voltage-sharing capacitor C1B1, a first clamping diode D11B1, a second clamping diode D12B1, and a second transistor S1B1; after the first ends of the second voltage-sharing capacitor C1B1, the second voltage-sharing resistor R11B1, the third voltage-sharing resistor R12B1, and the cathode of the first clamping diode D11B1 are connected, it serves as the first end of the power adjustment unit and is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage-sharing unit; the anode of the first clamping diode D11B1, the second end of the third voltage-sharing resistor R12B1, and the cathode of the second clamping diode D12B1 are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor S1B1; the collector of the second transistor S1B1 serves as the second end of the power adjustment unit and is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage-sharing unit; after the second ends of the second voltage-sharing capacitor C1B1 and the second voltage-sharing resistor R11B1 are connected, it serves as the third end of the power adjustment unit and is connected to the first end of the active adjustment unit; after the cathode of the second clamping diode D12B1 and the emitter of the second transistor S1B1 are connected, it serves as the fourth end of the power adjustment unit and is connected to the second end of the active adjustment unit.

[0062] Furthermore, the active adjustment unit further includes a third clamping diode D1B1, a fourth clamping diode D2B1, a fifth clamping diode D3B1, a sixth clamping diode D4B1, a fourth voltage-sharing resistor RYB1, and a variable resistor RLB1. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the second implementation manner of Embodiment 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0063] Please continue to refer to Figure 5 , at the beginning of power-on of the linear power converter, a negative voltage NHV is connected to the negative bus output terminal. The starting capacitor CYB1 is charged through the path of NHV - CYB1 - R11B1 - RXB1 - HVO (the charging upper limit value is the regulated voltage value of D2B1). The voltage value of the starting capacitor CYB1 prepares for the conduction of SB1; when a driving signal is connected to the driving signal input terminal OI2 to form a driving current, QB1 conducts (the magnitude of the driving current determines the conduction degree). After QB1 conducts, SB1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYB1, and SB1 starts to conduct. After SB1 conducts, S1B1 has the ability to conduct (the conduction degree of all transistors is controlled by the magnitude of the driving current). Thus, the overall conduction path is NHV - QB1 - SB1 - S1B1 - HVO, and the output voltage range of HVO is NHV~0. The magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the driving current.

[0064] As the third implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to an AC load (simple waveform) and outputs positive and negative voltages, such as Figure 6As shown, M = 1, N = 1, and the polarity power converter includes a positive-polarity power converter and a negative-polarity power converter.

[0065] The components included in the positive-polarity power converter and the negative-polarity power converter, as well as the connection relationships between the components, are the same as those in the first implementation manner and the second implementation manner of this embodiment, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0066] Please continue to refer to Figure 6 , at the beginning of the power-on of the linear power converter, the positive bus output terminal is connected to the positive voltage PHV. The starting capacitor CYA1 is charged through the path of PHV - RXA1 - R11A1 - CYA1 - HVO (the charging upper limit value is the regulated voltage value of D2A1). At the same time, the negative bus output terminal is connected to the negative voltage NHV. The starting capacitor CYB1 is charged through the path of NHV - CYB1 - R11B1 - RXB1 - HVO (the charging upper limit value is the regulated voltage value of D2B1). The voltage values of the starting capacitor CYA1 and the starting capacitor CYB1 are prepared for the conduction of SA1 and SB1 respectively; when a driving signal is applied to the driving signal input terminal OI1 to form a driving current, QA1 conducts (the magnitude of the driving current determines the conduction degree). After QA1 conducts, SA1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYA1, and SA1 starts to conduct. After SA1 conducts, S1A1 has the ability to conduct (the conduction degree of all transistors is controlled by the magnitude of the driving current); at the same time, when a driving signal is applied to the driving signal input terminal OI2 to form a driving current, QB1 conducts (the magnitude of the driving current determines the conduction degree). After QB1 conducts, SB1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYB1, and SB1 starts to conduct. After SB1 conducts, S1B1 has the ability to conduct (the conduction degree of all transistors is controlled by the magnitude of the driving current); thus, the overall conduction path is PHV - S1A1 - SA1 - QA1 - HVO and NHV - QB1 - SB1 - S1B1 - HVO, and the voltage range output by HVO is NHV to PHV, and the magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the driving current.

[0067] Embodiment 3:

[0068] As the first implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a positive-polarity voltage, such as Figure 7As shown, M = 1, N > 1, the polarity power converter is a positive-polarity power converter. The positive-polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit and N power regulation units. The power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalization unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalization unit includes a first voltage equalization capacitor CXA1 and a first voltage equalization resistor RXA1. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYA1, a first transistor SA1, and a triode QA1. After the first end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXA1 and the first end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXA1 are connected, they serve as the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit and are connected to the positive bus output terminal PHV. After the second end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXA1 and the second end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXA1 are connected, they serve as the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYA1 is connected to the base of the first transistor SA1, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit. The collector of the first transistor SA1 serves as the second end of the active regulation unit. The emitter of the first transistor SA1 is connected to the emitter of the triode QA1. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYA1 is connected to the collector of the triode QA1, they serve as the third end of the active regulation unit (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) and are connected to the load. The base of the triode QA1 serves as the drive signal input terminal OI1 to receive the drive signal.

[0069] The i-th power regulation unit (i = 1,..., N) includes a second voltage equalization resistor Ri1A1, a third voltage equalization resistor Ri2A1, a second voltage equalization capacitor CiA1, a first clamping diode Di1A1, a second clamping diode Di2A1, and a second transistor SiA1. After the first end of the second voltage equalization capacitor CiA1, the first end of the second voltage equalization resistor Ri1A1, the first end of the third voltage equalization resistor Ri2A1, and the cathode of the first clamping diode Di1A1 are connected, they serve as the first end of the power regulation unit. The anode of the first clamping diode Di1A1, the second end of the third voltage equalization resistor Ri2A1, and the cathode of the second clamping diode Di2A1 are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor SiA1. The collector of the second transistor SiA1 serves as the second end of the power regulation unit. After the second end of the second voltage equalization capacitor CiA1 and the second end of the second voltage equalization resistor Ri1A1 are connected, they serve as the third end of the power regulation unit. After the cathode of the second clamping diode Di2A1 and the emitter of the second transistor SiA1 are connected, they serve as the fourth end of the power regulation unit.

[0070] The first end of the first power regulation unit is connected to the second end of the impedance voltage equalizing unit, and the second end of the first power regulation unit is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalizing unit; the third end of the i-th power regulation unit is connected to the first end of the (i + 1)-th power regulation unit, and the fourth end of the i-th power regulation unit is connected to the second end of the (i + 1)-th power regulation unit; the third end of the N-th power regulation unit is connected to the first end of the active regulation unit, and the fourth end of the N-th power regulation unit is connected to the second end of the active regulation unit.

[0071] Further, the active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode D1A1, a fourth clamping diode D2A1, a fifth clamping diode D3A1, a sixth clamping diode D4A1, a fourth voltage equalizing resistor RYA1, and a variable resistor RLA1. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the first implementation manner of Embodiment 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0072] Please continue to refer to Figure 7 , at the beginning of power-on of the linear power converter, the positive voltage PHV is connected to the output terminal of the positive bus. The starting capacitor CYA1 is charged through the path of PHV - RXA1 - R11A1 - R21A1 -... - RN1A1 - CYA1 - HVO (the upper limit of the charging value is the regulated voltage value of D2A1). The voltage value of the starting capacitor CYA1 prepares for the conduction of SA1; when a driving signal is connected to the driving signal input terminal OI1 to form a driving current, QA1 conducts (the magnitude of the driving current determines the degree of conduction). After QA1 conducts, SA1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYA1, and SA1 starts to conduct. After SA1 conducts, SNA1,..., S2A1, S1A1 sequentially have the ability to conduct from bottom to top (the conduction degree of all transistors is controlled by the magnitude of the driving current). Thus, the overall conduction path is PHV - S1A1 - S2A1 -... - SNA1 - SA1 - QA1 - HVO, and the voltage range output by HVO is 0 to PHV, and the magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the driving current.

[0073] As the second implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a negative-polarity voltage, such as Figure 8As shown, M = 1, N > 1, the polarity power converter is a negative-polarity power converter. The negative-polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit and N power regulation units. The power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalization unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalization unit includes a first voltage equalization capacitor CXB1 and a first voltage equalization resistor RXB1. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYB1, a first transistor SB1, and a triode QB1. After the first end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXB1 and the first end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXB1 are connected, they serve as the first end (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) of the impedance voltage equalization unit and are connected to the load. After the second end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXB1 and the second end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXB1 are connected, they serve as the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYB1 is connected to the base of the first transistor SB1, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit. The collector of the first transistor SB1 serves as the second end of the active regulation unit. The emitter of the first transistor SB1 is connected to the emitter of the triode QB1. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYB1 is connected to the collector of the triode QB1, they serve as the third end of the active regulation unit and are connected to the negative bus output terminal NHV. The base of the triode QB1 serves as the drive signal input terminal OI2 to receive the drive signal.

[0074] The i-th power regulation unit (i = 1,..., N) includes a second voltage equalization resistor Ri1B1, a third voltage equalization resistor Ri2B1, a second voltage equalization capacitor CiB1, a first clamping diode Di1B1, a second clamping diode Di2B1, and a second transistor SiB1. After the first end of the second voltage equalization capacitor CiB1, the first end of the second voltage equalization resistor Ri1B1, the first end of the third voltage equalization resistor Ri2B1, and the cathode of the first clamping diode Di1B1 are connected, they serve as the first end of the power regulation unit. The anode of the first clamping diode Di1B1, the second end of the third voltage equalization resistor Ri2B1, and the cathode of the second clamping diode Di2B1 are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor SiB1. The collector of the second transistor SiB1 serves as the second end of the power regulation unit. After the second end of the second voltage equalization capacitor CiB1 and the second end of the second voltage equalization resistor Ri1B1 are connected, they serve as the third end of the power regulation unit. After the cathode of the second clamping diode Di2B1 and the emitter of the second transistor SiB1 are connected, they serve as the fourth end of the power regulation unit.

[0075] The first end of the first power regulation unit is connected to the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit, and the second end of the first power regulation unit is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit; the third end of the i-th power regulation unit is connected to the first end of the (i + 1)-th power regulation unit, and the fourth end of the i-th power regulation unit is connected to the second end of the (i + 1)-th power regulation unit; the third end of the N-th power regulation unit is connected to the first end of the active regulation unit, and the fourth end of the N-th power regulation unit is connected to the second end of the active regulation unit.

[0076] Furthermore, the active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode D1B1, a fourth clamping diode D2B1, a fifth clamping diode D3B1, a sixth clamping diode D4B1, a fourth voltage equalizing resistor RYB1, and a variable resistor RLB1. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the second implementation manner of Embodiment 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0077] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 , when the linear power converter is powered on at the beginning, the negative voltage NHV is connected to the output end of the negative bus. The starting capacitor CYB1 is charged through the path of NHV - CYB1 - RN1B1 -... - R21B1 - R11B1 - RXB1 - HVO (the upper limit of the charging value is the regulated voltage value of D2B1), and the voltage value of the starting capacitor CYB1 prepares for the conduction of SB1; when a driving signal is applied to the driving signal input terminal OI2 to form a driving current, QB1 conducts (the magnitude of the driving current determines the degree of conduction). After QB1 conducts, SB1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYB1, and SB1 starts to conduct. After SB1 conducts, SNB1,..., S2B1, S1B1 successively have the ability to conduct from bottom to top (the conduction degree of all transistors is controlled by the magnitude of the driving current). Thus, the overall conduction path is NHV - QB1 - SB1 - SNB1 -... - S2B1 - S1B1 - HVO, and the output voltage range of HVO is NHV~0, and the magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the driving current.

[0078] As the third implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to an AC load (simple waveform) and outputs positive and negative voltages. As Figure 9 shown, M = 1, N>1, and the polarity power converter includes a positive polarity power converter and a negative polarity power converter.

[0079] The components included in the positive polarity power converter and the negative polarity power converter and the connection relationships between the components are the same as those in the first implementation manner and the second implementation manner of this embodiment, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0080] Please continue to refer to Figure 9, at the beginning of the power-on of the linear power converter, a positive voltage PHV is connected to the output terminal of the positive bus. The path through PHV - RXA1 - R11A1 - R21A1 -... - RN1A1 - CYA1 - HVO charges the starting capacitor CYA1 (the upper limit of charging is the regulated voltage value of D2A1). At the same time, a negative voltage NHV is connected to the output terminal of the negative bus. The path through NHV - CYB1 - RN1B1 -... - R21B1 - R11B1 - RXB1 - HVO charges the starting capacitor CYB1 (the upper limit of charging is the regulated voltage value of D2B1). The voltage values of the starting capacitor CYA1 and the starting capacitor CYB1 prepare for the conduction of SA1 and SB1 respectively; when a drive signal is connected to the drive signal input terminal OI1 to form a drive current, QA1 conducts (the magnitude of the drive current determines the degree of conduction). After QA1 conducts, SA1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYA1, and SA1 starts to conduct. After SA1 conducts, from bottom to top, SNA1,..., S2A1, S1A1 sequentially have the ability to conduct (the conduction degree of all transistors is controlled by the magnitude of the drive current); at the same time, when a drive signal is connected to the drive signal input terminal OI2 to form a drive current, QB1 conducts (the magnitude of the drive current determines the degree of conduction). After QB1 conducts, SB1 is driven by the voltage of the previous starting capacitor CYB1, and SB1 starts to conduct. After SB1 conducts, from bottom to top, SNB1,..., S2B1, S1B1 sequentially have the ability to conduct (the conduction degree of all transistors is controlled by the magnitude of the drive current); thus, the overall conduction path is PHV - S1A1 - S2A1 -... - SNA1 - SA1 - QA1 - HVO and NHV - QB1 - SB1 - SNB1 -... - S2B1 - S1B1 - HVO, and the voltage range output by HVO is NHV ~ PHV. The magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the drive current.

[0081] Embodiment 4:

[0082] As the first implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a positive-polarity voltage, such as Figure 10As shown, M>1 and N=0. The polarity power converter includes M parallel-connected positive-polarity power converters. Each positive-polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit, and the power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalization unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalization unit in the j-th positive-polarity power converter (j = 1,..., M) includes a first voltage equalization capacitor CXAj and a first voltage equalization resistor RXAj, and the active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYAj, a first transistor SAj, and a triode QAj. After the first end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXAj and the first end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXAj are connected, they are used as the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit to be connected to the positive bus output terminal PHV; after the second end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXAj and the other end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXAj are connected, they are used as the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit; after the first end of the starting capacitor CYAj is connected to the base of the first transistor SAj, it is used as the first end of the active regulation unit to be connected to the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit; the collector of the first transistor SAj is used as the second end of the active regulation unit and is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit; the emitter of the first transistor SAj is connected to the emitter of the triode QAj, and after the second end of the starting capacitor CYAj is connected to the collector of the triode QAj, it is used as the third end of the active regulation unit (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) to be connected to the load; the base of the triode QAj is used as the drive signal input terminal OI1 to access the drive signal. It is easy to understand that the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit in each positive-polarity power converter is connected to the positive bus output terminal PHV; the base of the triode QAj in the active regulation unit in each positive-polarity power converter is used as the drive signal input terminal OI1 to access the drive signal; the collector of the triode QAj in the active regulation unit in each positive-polarity power converter is used as the high-voltage output terminal HVO to be connected to the load.

[0083] Furthermore, the active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode D1Aj, a fourth clamping diode D2Aj, a fifth clamping diode D3Aj, a sixth clamping diode D4Aj, a fourth voltage equalization resistor RYAj, and a variable resistor RLAj. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the first implementation manner of Embodiment 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0084] Please continue to refer to Figure 10, at the beginning of power - on of the linear power converter, a positive voltage PHV is connected to the output terminal of the positive - pole bus. Assume M = 2, that is, two positive - polarity power converters are connected in parallel. Through the paths of PHV - RXA1 - CYA1 - HVO and PHV - RXA2 - CYA2 - HVO, the starting capacitors CYA1 and CYA2 are charged respectively (the upper limit of charging is the regulated voltage values of D2A1 and D2A2), and the voltage values of the starting capacitors CYA1 and CYA2 are prepared for the conduction of SA1 and SA2. When a drive signal is connected to the drive - signal input terminal OI1 and a drive current is formed, QA1 and QA2 conduct (the magnitude of the drive current determines the degree of conduction). After QA1 and QA2 conduct, SA1 and SA2 are respectively driven by the voltages of the previous starting capacitors CYA1 and CYA2, and SA1 and SA2 start to conduct (the degree of conduction is controlled by the magnitude of the drive current). Thus, the overall conduction paths are PHV - SA1 - QA1 - HVO and PHV - SA2 - QA2 - HVO respectively, and the output voltage range of HVO is 0~PHV, and the magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the drive current. It is easy to understand that no matter what M is equal to, the conversion method and the conduction path are the same in principle, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0085] As the second implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a positive - polarity voltage. As Figure 11 shown, M>1, N = 1. The polarity power converter includes M parallel - connected positive - polarity power converters. Each positive - polarity power converter includes 1 power - control unit and 1 power - regulation unit. The power - control unit includes an impedance voltage - equalizing unit and an active - regulation unit. The impedance voltage - equalizing unit in the j - th positive - polarity power converter (j = 1,..., M) includes a first voltage - equalizing capacitor CXAj and a first voltage - equalizing resistor RXAj. The active - regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYAj, a first transistor SAj, and a triode QAj. After the first end of the first voltage - equalizing capacitor CXAj and the first end of the first voltage - equalizing resistor RXAj are connected, they are connected to the output terminal PHV of the positive - pole bus as the first end of the impedance voltage - equalizing unit; after the second end of the first voltage - equalizing capacitor CXAj and the second end of the first voltage - equalizing resistor RXAj are connected, they are used as the second end of the impedance voltage - equalizing unit; after the first end of the starting capacitor CYAj is connected to the base of the first transistor SAj, it is used as the first end of the active - regulation unit; the collector of the first transistor SAj is used as the second end of the active - regulation unit; the emitter of the first transistor SAj is connected to the emitter of the triode QAj, and after the second end of the starting capacitor CYAj is connected to the collector of the triode QAj, it is used as the third end (i.e., the high - voltage output terminal HVO) of the active - regulation unit to be connected to the load; the base of the triode QAj is used as the drive - signal input terminal OI1 to access the drive signal.

[0086] The power regulation unit includes a second voltage-sharing resistor R11Aj, a third voltage-sharing resistor R12Aj, a second voltage-sharing capacitor C1Aj, a first clamping diode D11Aj, a second clamping diode D12Aj, and a second transistor S1Aj; the first end of the second voltage-sharing capacitor C1Aj, the first end of the second voltage-sharing resistor R11Aj, the first end of the third voltage-sharing resistor R12Aj, and the cathode of the first clamping diode D11Aj are connected and then used as the first end of the power regulation unit to be connected to the first end of the impedance voltage-sharing unit; the anode of the first clamping diode D11Aj, the second end of the third voltage-sharing resistor R12Aj, and the cathode of the second clamping diode D12Aj are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor S1Aj; the collector of the second transistor S1Aj is used as the second end of the power regulation unit to be connected to the first end of the impedance voltage-sharing unit; the second end of the second voltage-sharing capacitor C1Aj and the second end of the second voltage-sharing resistor R11Aj are connected and then used as the third end of the power regulation unit to be connected to the first end of the active regulation unit; the cathode of the second clamping diode D12Aj and the emitter of the second transistor S1Aj are connected and then used as the fourth end of the power regulation unit to be connected to the second end of the active regulation unit.

[0087] Further, the active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode D1Aj, a fourth clamping diode D2Aj, a fifth clamping diode D3Aj, a sixth clamping diode D4Aj, a fourth voltage-sharing resistor RYAj, and a variable resistor RLAj. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the first implementation manner of Embodiment 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0088] Please continue to refer to Figure 11, at the beginning of the power-on of the linear power converter, a positive voltage PHV is connected to the output terminal of the positive bus. Assuming M = 2, that is, two positive-polarity power converters are connected in parallel. The paths of PHV - RXA1 - R11A1 - CYA1 - HVO and PHV - RXA2 - R11A2 - CYA2 - HVO are used to charge the starting capacitors CYA1 and CYA2 respectively (the upper limit of charging is the regulated voltage values of D2A1 and D2A2 respectively), and the voltage values of the starting capacitors CYA1 and CYA2 are used to prepare for the conduction of SA1 and SA2; when a drive signal is connected to the drive signal input terminal OI1 and a drive current is formed, QA1 and QA2 conduct (the magnitude of the drive current determines the degree of conduction). After QA1 and QA2 conduct, SA1 and SA2 are respectively driven by the voltages of the previous starting capacitors CYA1 and CYA2, and SA1 and SA2 start to conduct. After SA1 and SA2 conduct, S1A1 and S1A2 have the ability to conduct (the conduction degree of all transistors is controlled by the drive current), so the overall conduction paths are PHV - S1A1 - SA1 - QA1 - HVO and PHV - S1A2 - SA2 - QA2 - HVO respectively, and the output voltage range of HVO is 0 to PHV, and the magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the drive current. It is easy to understand that no matter what M is equal to, the conversion method and the conduction path are the same, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0089] As the third implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a positive-polarity voltage, such as Figure 12As shown, M>1, N>1, the polarity power converter includes M parallel-connected positive-polarity power converters. Each positive-polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit and N power regulation units. The power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalization unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalization unit in the j-th positive-polarity power converter (j = 1,..., m) includes a first voltage equalization capacitor CXAj and a first voltage equalization resistor RXAj. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYAj, a first transistor SAj, and a triode QAj. After the first end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXAj and the first end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXAj are connected, they serve as the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit and are connected to the positive bus output terminal PHV. After the second end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXAj and the second end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXAj are connected, they serve as the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYAj is connected to the base of the first transistor SAj, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit. The collector of the first transistor SAj serves as the second end of the active regulation unit. The emitter of the first transistor SAj is connected to the emitter of the triode QAj. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYAj is connected to the collector of the triode QAj, they serve as the third end (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) of the active regulation unit and are connected to the load. The base of the triode QAj serves as the drive signal input terminal OI1 to receive the drive signal.

[0090] The i-th power regulation unit (i = 1,..., N) in the j-th positive-polarity power converter includes a second voltage equalization resistor Ri1Aj, a third voltage equalization resistor Ri2Aj, a second voltage equalization capacitor CiAj, a first clamping diode Di1Aj, a second clamping diode Di2Aj, and a second transistor SiAj. After the first end of the second voltage equalization capacitor CiAj, the first end of the second voltage equalization resistor Ri1Aj, the first end of the third voltage equalization resistor Ri2Aj, and the cathode of the first clamping diode Di1Aj are connected, they serve as the first end of the power regulation unit. The anode of the first clamping diode Di1Aj, the second end of the third voltage equalization resistor Ri2Aj, and the cathode of the second clamping diode Di2Aj are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor SiAj. The collector of the second transistor SiAj serves as the second end of the power regulation unit. After the second end of the second voltage equalization capacitor CiAj and the second end of the second voltage equalization resistor Ri1Aj are connected, they serve as the third end of the power regulation unit. After the cathode of the second clamping diode Di2Aj and the emitter of the second transistor SiAj are connected, they serve as the fourth end of the power regulation unit.

[0091] The first end of the first power adjustment unit is connected to the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit, and the second end of the first power adjustment unit is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit; the third end of the i-th power adjustment unit is connected to the first end of the (i + 1)-th power adjustment unit, and the fourth end of the i-th power adjustment unit is connected to the second end of the (i + 1)-th power adjustment unit; the third end of the N-th power adjustment unit is connected to the first end of the active adjustment unit, and the fourth end of the N-th power adjustment unit is connected to the second end of the active adjustment unit.

[0092] Furthermore, the active adjustment unit further includes a third clamping diode D1Aj, a fourth clamping diode D2Aj, a fifth clamping diode D3Aj, a sixth clamping diode D4Aj, a fourth voltage equalizing resistor RYAj, and a variable resistor RLAj. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the first implementation manner of Embodiment 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0093] Embodiment 5:

[0094] As the first implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a negative-polarity voltage, such as Figure 13As shown, M>1 and N=0. The polarity power converter includes M negative-polarity power converters connected in parallel. Each negative-polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit, and the power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalization unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalization unit in the j-th negative-polarity power converter (j = 1,..., M) includes a first voltage equalization capacitor CXBj and a first voltage equalization resistor RXBj. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYBj, a first transistor SBj, and a triode QBj. After the first end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXBj and the first end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXBj are connected, they serve as the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) and are connected to the load. After the other end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXBj and the other end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXBj are connected, they serve as the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYBj is connected to the base of the first transistor SBj, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit and are connected to the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. The collector of the first transistor SBj serves as the second end of the active regulation unit and is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. The emitter of the first transistor SBj is connected to the emitter of the triode QBj. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYBj is connected to the collector of the triode QBj, they serve as the third end of the active regulation unit and are connected to the negative bus output terminal NHV. The base of the triode QBj serves as the drive signal input terminal OI2 to receive the drive signal. It is easy to understand that the first end (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) of the impedance voltage equalization unit in each negative-polarity power converter is connected to the load; the base of the triode QAj in the active regulation unit in each negative-polarity power converter serves as the drive signal input terminal OI2 to receive the drive signal; the collector of the triode QAj in the active regulation unit in each negative-polarity power converter is connected to the negative bus output terminal NHV.

[0095] Furthermore, the active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode D1Bj, a fourth clamping diode D2Bj, a fifth clamping diode D3Bj, a sixth clamping diode D4Bj, a fourth voltage equalization resistor RYBj, and a variable resistor RLBj. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the second implementation manner of Embodiment 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0096] Please continue to refer to Figure 13, at the beginning of the power-on of the linear power converter, a negative voltage NHV is connected to the output terminal of the negative bus. Assuming M = 2, that is, two negative-polarity power converters are connected in parallel. The starting capacitors CYB1 and CYB2 are charged through the paths of NHV - CYB1 - RXB1 - HVO and NHV - CYB2 - RXB2 - HVO respectively (the upper limit of charging is the regulated voltage values of D2B1 and D2B2 respectively), and the voltage values of the starting capacitors CYB1 and CYB2 are prepared for the conduction of SB1 and SB2; when a drive signal is connected to the drive signal input terminal OI2 and a drive current is formed, QB1 and QB2 conduct (the magnitude of the drive current determines the degree of conduction). After QB1 and QB2 conduct, SB1 and SB2 are respectively driven by the voltages of the previous starting capacitors CYB1 and CYB2, and SB1 and SB2 start to conduct (the degree of conduction is controlled by the magnitude of the drive current). Thus, the overall conduction paths are NHV - QB1 - SB1 - HVO and NHV - QB2 - SB2 - HVO respectively, and the output voltage range of HVO is 0 to PHV, and the magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the drive current. It is easy to understand that no matter what M is equal to, the conversion method and the conduction path are the same in principle, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0097] As the second implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a negative-polarity voltage, as Figure 14 shown, M > 1, N = 1. The polarity power converter includes M parallel-connected negative-polarity power converters. Each negative-polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit and 1 power adjustment unit. The power control unit includes an impedance equalizing unit and an active adjustment unit. The impedance equalizing unit in the jth negative-polarity power converter (j = 1,..., M) includes a first equalizing capacitor CXBj and a first equalizing resistor RXBj. The active adjustment unit includes a starting capacitor CYBj, a first transistor SBj, and a triode QBj; after the first end of the first equalizing capacitor CXBj and the first end of the first equalizing resistor RXBj are connected, they are used as the first end (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) of the impedance equalizing unit to connect to the load; after the second end of the first equalizing capacitor CXBj and the second end of the first equalizing resistor RXBj are connected, they are used as the second end of the impedance equalizing unit; after the first end of the starting capacitor CYBj is connected to the base of the first transistor SBj, it is used as the first end of the active adjustment unit; the collector of the first transistor SBj is used as the second end of the active adjustment unit; the emitter of the first transistor SBj is connected to the emitter of the triode QBj, and after the second end of the starting capacitor CYBj is connected to the collector of the triode QBj, it is used as the third end of the active adjustment unit to connect to the output terminal NHV of the negative bus; the base of the triode QBj is used as the drive signal input terminal OI2 to connect to the drive signal.

[0098] The power regulation unit includes a second voltage-sharing resistor R11Bj, a third voltage-sharing resistor R12Bj, a second voltage-sharing capacitor C1Bj, a first clamping diode D11Bj, a second clamping diode D12Bj, and a second transistor S1Bj; the first ends of the second voltage-sharing capacitor C1Bj, the second voltage-sharing resistor R11Bj, the third voltage-sharing resistor R12Bj, and the cathode of the first clamping diode D11Bj are connected and then used as the first end of the power regulation unit to be connected to the first end of the impedance voltage-sharing unit; the anode of the first clamping diode D11Bj, the second end of the third voltage-sharing resistor R12Bj, and the cathode of the second clamping diode D12Bj are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor S1Bj; the collector of the second transistor S1Bj is used as the second end of the power regulation unit to be connected to the first end of the impedance voltage-sharing unit; the second ends of the second voltage-sharing capacitor C1Bj and the second voltage-sharing resistor R11Bj are connected and then used as the third end of the power regulation unit to be connected to the first end of the active regulation unit; the cathode of the second clamping diode D12Bj and the emitter of the second transistor S1Bj are connected and then used as the fourth end of the power regulation unit to be connected to the second end of the active regulation unit.

[0099] Furthermore, the active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode D1Bj, a fourth clamping diode D2Bj, a fifth clamping diode D3Bj, a sixth clamping diode D4Bj, a fourth voltage-sharing resistor RYBj, and a variable resistor RLBj. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the second implementation manner of Embodiment 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0100] Please continue to refer to Figure 14, at the beginning of power-on of the linear power converter, a negative voltage NHV is connected to the output terminal of the negative bus. Assuming M = 2, that is, two negative-polarity power converters are connected in parallel. The paths of NHV - CYB1 - R11B1 - RXB1 - HVO and NHV - CYB2 - R11B2 - RXB2 - HVO are used to charge the starting capacitors CYB1 and CYB2 respectively (the upper limit of charging is the regulated voltage values of D2B1 and D2B2 respectively), and the voltage values of the starting capacitors CYB1 and CYB2 are prepared for the conduction of SB1 and SB2 respectively; when a drive signal is connected to the drive signal input terminal OI2 and a drive current is formed, QB1 and QB2 conduct (the magnitude of the drive current determines the degree of conduction). After QB1 and QB2 conduct, SB1 and SB2 are respectively driven by the voltages of the previous starting capacitors CYB1 and CYB2, and SB1 and SB2 start to conduct. After SB1 and SB2 conduct, S1B1 and S1B2 have the ability to conduct (the conduction degree of all transistors is controlled by the drive current). Thus, the overall conduction paths are NHV - QB1 - SB1 - S1B1 - HVO and NHV - QB2 - SB2 - S1B2 - HVO respectively, and the voltage range output by HVO is 0 to PHV, and the magnitude of HVO is affected by the magnitude of the drive current. It is easy to understand that no matter what M is equal to, the conversion method and the conduction path are the same, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0101] As the third implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to a DC load and outputs a negative-polarity voltage, such as Figure 15As shown, M>1 and N>1. The polarity power converter includes M negative-polarity power converters connected in parallel. Each negative-polarity power converter includes 1 power control unit and N power regulation units. The power control unit includes an impedance voltage equalization unit and an active regulation unit. The impedance voltage equalization unit in the jth negative-polarity power converter (j = 1,..., M) includes a first voltage equalization capacitor CXBj and a first voltage equalization resistor RXBj. The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor CYBj, a first transistor SBj, and a triode QBj. After the first end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXBj and the first end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXBj are connected, they serve as the first end (i.e., the high-voltage output terminal HVO) of the impedance voltage equalization unit and are connected to the load. After the second end of the first voltage equalization capacitor CXBj and the second end of the first voltage equalization resistor RXBj are connected, they serve as the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit. After the first end of the starting capacitor CYBj is connected to the base of the first transistor SBj, they serve as the first end of the active regulation unit. The collector of the first transistor SBj serves as the second end of the active regulation unit. The emitter of the first transistor SBj is connected to the emitter of the triode QBj. After the second end of the starting capacitor CYBj is connected to the collector of the triode QBj, they serve as the third end of the active regulation unit and are connected to the negative bus output terminal NHV. The base of the triode QBj serves as the drive signal input terminal OI2 to receive the drive signal.

[0102] The ith power regulation unit (i = 1,..., N) in the jth negative-polarity power converter includes a second voltage equalization resistor Ri1Bj, a third voltage equalization resistor Ri2Bj, a second voltage equalization capacitor CiBj, a first clamping diode Di1Bj, a second clamping diode Di2Bj, and a second transistor SiBj. After the first end of the second voltage equalization capacitor CiBj, the first end of the second voltage equalization resistor Ri1Bj, the first end of the third voltage equalization resistor Ri2Bj, and the cathode of the first clamping diode Di1Bj are connected, they serve as the first end of the power regulation unit. The anode of the first clamping diode Di1Bj, the second end of the third voltage equalization resistor Ri2Bj, and the cathode of the second clamping diode Di2Bj are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor SiBj. The collector of the second transistor SiBj serves as the second end of the power regulation unit. After the second end of the second voltage equalization capacitor CiBj and the second end of the second voltage equalization resistor Ri1Bj are connected, they serve as the third end of the power regulation unit. After the cathode of the second clamping diode Di2Bj and the emitter of the second transistor SiBj are connected, they serve as the fourth end of the power regulation unit.

[0103] The first end of the first power adjustment unit is connected to the second end of the impedance voltage equalization unit, and the second end of the first power adjustment unit is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage equalization unit; the third end of the i-th power adjustment unit is connected to the first end of the (i + 1)-th power adjustment unit, and the fourth end of the i-th power adjustment unit is connected to the second end of the (i + 1)-th power adjustment unit; the third end of the N-th power adjustment unit is connected to the first end of the active adjustment unit, and the fourth end of the N-th power adjustment unit is connected to the second end of the active adjustment unit.

[0104] Furthermore, the active adjustment unit further includes a third clamping diode D1Bj, a fourth clamping diode D2Bj, a fifth clamping diode D3Bj, a sixth clamping diode D4Bj, a fourth voltage equalizing resistor RYBj, and a variable resistor RLBj. The connection relationships of these components are the same as those in the second implementation manner of Embodiment 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0105] Embodiment 6:

[0106] As the first implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to an AC load (simple waveform) and outputs positive and negative voltages, as Figure 16 shown. The polarity power converter includes a positive-polarity power converter and a negative-polarity power converter. There are M1 parallel-connected positive-polarity power converters and M2 parallel-connected negative-polarity power converters, where M1 > 1, M2 > 1, and M1 = M2, N > 1 (it should be noted that Figure 16 for the positive-polarity power converter, M = M1, for the negative-polarity power converter, M = M2, and M1 = M2).

[0107] As the second implementation manner of this embodiment, a linear power converter supplies power to an AC load (complex waveform) and outputs positive and negative voltages. The polarity power converter includes a positive-polarity power converter and a negative-polarity power converter. There are M1 parallel-connected positive-polarity power converters and M2 parallel-connected negative-polarity power converters, where M1 > 1, M2 > 1, and M1 ≠ M2, N > 1. It is easy to understand that when the AC load is a load waveform, not only M1 and M2 are not equal, but also the number N of power adjustment units in the positive-polarity power converter and the number N of power adjustment units in the negative-polarity power converter can be not equal.

[0108] In the above two ways of this embodiment, the components included in the positive-polarity power converter and the connection relationships between the components are the same as those in the third implementation manner of Embodiment 4, and the components included in the negative-polarity power converter and the connection relationships between the components are the same as those in the third implementation manner of Embodiment 5, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0109] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A linear power converter, characterized in that, It includes a polarity power converter for outputting positive and negative polarity voltages; The polarity power converter includes a positive polarity power converter and / or a negative polarity power converter; Each of the polarity power converters includes one power control unit and N power regulation units, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 0. The power control unit includes an impedance equalizing unit and an active regulation unit; the impedance equalizing unit of the positive polarity power converter is connected to the output end of the positive bus, and the active regulation unit is connected to the load as the high-voltage output end; the impedance equalizing unit of the negative polarity power converter is connected to the load as the high-voltage output end, and the active regulation unit is connected to the output end of the negative bus; when N = 0, the impedance equalizing unit is connected to the active regulation unit; when N = 1, one power regulation unit is connected between the impedance equalizing unit and the active regulation unit; when N > 1, N power regulation units are connected in series between the impedance equalizing unit and the active regulation unit; The active regulation unit includes a starting capacitor, a first transistor, and a triode; After the first end of the starting capacitor is connected to the base of the first transistor, it serves as the first end of the active regulation unit and is connected to the second end of the impedance equalizing unit or the power regulation unit; The collector of the first transistor serves as the second end of the active regulation unit and is connected to the first end of the impedance equalizing unit or the power regulation unit; The emitter of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the triode, and after the second end of the starting capacitor is connected to the collector of the triode, it serves as the third end of the active regulation unit and is connected to the output end of the negative bus or the load; the base of the triode serves as the drive signal input terminal to receive the drive signal.

2. The linear power converter according to claim 1, wherein When the linear power converter supplies power to a DC load, the polarity power converter is a positive polarity power converter or a negative polarity power converter, and there are M polarity power converters, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1. If M > 1, then M polarity power converters are connected in parallel; When the linear power converter supplies power to an AC load, the polarity power converter includes a positive polarity power converter and a negative polarity power converter. There are M1 positive polarity power converters and M2 negative polarity power converters; M1 and M2 are equal or not equal.

3. The linear power converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impedance equalizing unit includes a first equalizing capacitor and a first equalizing resistor; After the first end of the first equalizing capacitor and the first end of the first equalizing resistor are connected, it serves as the first end of the impedance equalizing unit and is connected to the output end of the positive bus or the load; the first end of the impedance equalizing unit is also connected to the active regulation unit or the power regulation unit; After the second end of the first equalizing capacitor and the second end of the first equalizing resistor are connected, it serves as the second end of the impedance equalizing unit and is connected to the active regulation unit or the power regulation unit.

4. The linear power converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active regulation unit further includes a third clamping diode, a fourth clamping diode, a fifth clamping diode, a sixth clamping diode, a fourth equalizing resistor, and a variable resistor; The first end of the starting capacitor, the cathode of the third clamping diode, the first end of the fourth voltage-sharing resistor, and the cathode of the fourth clamping diode are connected and used as the first end of the active adjustment unit; the anode of the third clamping diode is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth voltage-sharing resistor, the cathode of the fifth clamping diode, and the base of the first transistor; the emitter of the first transistor is respectively connected to the anode of the fifth clamping diode, the first end of the variable resistor, and the emitter of the triode; the second end of the variable resistor is connected to the anode of the sixth clamping diode, and the cathode of the sixth clamping diode and the base of the triode are respectively connected to the drive signal input terminal; the second end of the starting capacitor, the anode of the fourth clamping diode, and the collector of the triode are connected and used as the third end of the active adjustment unit.

5. The linear power converter according to claim 1, wherein The power adjustment unit includes a second voltage-sharing resistor, a third voltage-sharing resistor, a second voltage-sharing capacitor, a first clamping diode, a second clamping diode, and a second transistor; The first end of the second voltage-sharing capacitor, the first end of the second voltage-sharing resistor, the first end of the third voltage-sharing resistor, and the cathode of the first clamping diode are connected and used as the first end of the power adjustment unit; The anode of the first clamping diode, the second end of the third voltage-sharing resistor, and the cathode of the second clamping diode are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor; the collector of the second transistor is used as the second end of the power adjustment unit; The second end of the second voltage-sharing capacitor and the second end of the second voltage-sharing resistor are connected and used as the third end of the power adjustment unit; The cathode of the second clamping diode and the emitter of the second transistor are connected and used as the fourth end of the power adjustment unit; When N = 1, the first end of the power adjustment unit is connected to the second end of the impedance voltage-sharing unit, the second end of the power adjustment unit is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage-sharing unit, the third end of the power adjustment unit is connected to the first end of the active adjustment unit, and the fourth end of the power adjustment unit is connected to the second end of the active adjustment unit; When N > 1, the first end of the first power adjustment unit in series is connected to the second end of the impedance voltage-sharing unit, and the second end of the first power adjustment unit is connected to the first end of the impedance voltage-sharing unit; the third end of the previous power adjustment unit is connected to the first end of the next power adjustment unit, and the fourth end of the previous power adjustment unit is connected to the second end of the next power adjustment unit; the third end of the Nth power adjustment unit in series is connected to the first end of the active adjustment unit, and the fourth end of the Nth power adjustment unit is connected to the second end of the active adjustment unit.

6. The transformation method of the linear power converter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The polarity power converter is a positive-polarity power converter, and the linear power converter supplies power to the DC load. The conversion method includes the following steps: The drive signal input terminals of M positive-polarity power converters receive drive signals and form drive currents. The voltage output from the positive bus output terminal is sequentially passed through the impedance voltage-sharing unit and N power adjustment units to charge the starting capacitor in the active adjustment unit. After the starting machine capacitor is charged, the magnitude of the driving current is adjusted to match the magnitude of the target voltage, the triode in the active adjustment unit conducts, the starting machine capacitor discharges, and the voltage of the starting machine capacitor is applied to the N power adjustment units step by step, causing the transistors in the power adjustment units to conduct. Finally, the voltage output from the positive bus output terminal passes through the transistors of the N power adjustment units in sequence, and the target voltage is output from the high-voltage output terminal to the load.

7. The transformation method of the linear power converter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The polarity power converter is a negative-polarity power converter, and the linear power converter supplies power to a DC load. The conversion method includes the following steps: The driving signal input terminals of M negative-polarity power converters receive driving signals and form driving currents, and the voltage output from the negative bus output terminal charges the starting machine capacitor in the active adjustment unit; After the starting machine capacitor is charged, the magnitude of the driving current is adjusted to match the magnitude of the target voltage, the triode in the active adjustment unit conducts, the starting machine capacitor discharges, and the voltage of the starting machine capacitor is applied to the N power adjustment units step by step, causing the transistors in the power adjustment units to conduct. Finally, the voltage output from the negative bus output terminal passes through the transistors of the N power adjustment units in sequence, and the target voltage is output from the high-voltage output terminal to the load.

8. The conversion method of the linear power converter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The polarity power converter includes a positive-polarity power converter and a negative-polarity power converter, and the linear power converter supplies power to an AC load. The conversion method includes the following steps: The driving signal input terminals of M1 positive-polarity power converters receive driving signals and form driving currents, and the voltage output from the positive bus output terminal passes through the impedance equalization unit and the N power adjustment units in sequence to charge the starting machine capacitor in the active adjustment unit; after the starting machine capacitor is charged, the magnitude of the driving current is adjusted to match the magnitude of the target voltage, the triode in the active adjustment unit conducts, the starting machine capacitor discharges, and the voltage of the starting machine capacitor is applied to the N power adjustment units step by step, causing the transistors in the power adjustment units to conduct. Finally, the voltage output from the positive bus output terminal passes through the transistors of the N power adjustment units in sequence, and the target voltage is output from the high-voltage output terminal to the load; At the same time, the driving signal input terminals of M2 negative-polarity power converters receive driving signals and form driving currents, and the voltage output from the negative bus output terminal charges the starting machine capacitor in the active adjustment unit; after the starting machine capacitor is charged, the magnitude of the driving current is adjusted to match the magnitude of the target voltage, the triode in the active adjustment unit conducts, the starting machine capacitor discharges, and the voltage of the starting machine capacitor is applied to the N power adjustment units step by step, causing the transistors in the power adjustment units to conduct. Finally, the voltage output from the negative bus output terminal passes through the transistors of the N power adjustment units in sequence, and the target voltage is output from the high-voltage output terminal to the load.

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