DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID

Abstract

The invention discloses a DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID, which relates to the technical field of DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization, and comprises a voltage and current sampling module, a reference signal generation module, an output signal generation module, a digital signal generation module, a control module and an output signal generation module, the digital PID controller calculates control output according to errors, the PWM signal generation module generates corresponding PWM signals according to the control output, the power switch driving module amplifies the signals to drive a switch tube, the load monitoring module monitors load changes in real time, output of the load monitoring module can be fed back to other modules, and power supply dynamic response optimization is achieved. According to the invention, the dynamic response performance of the DC-DC power supply is remarkably improved, the output fluctuation is reduced, the recovery time is shortened, the power supply efficiency is improved, the stability is guaranteed by adopting multiple anti-interference design, peripheral elements are reduced, miniaturization is realized, the cost is reduced, fault diagnosis is realized, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization, and particularly to a DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID. Background Art

[0002] In modern electronic devices, DC-DC power supplies, as key components, are widely used in various electronic products, from portable devices such as mobile phones and tablets to large systems such as industrial control and communication base stations. Their performance directly affects the stability, reliability, and energy efficiency of the entire device. With the rapid development of electronic technology, the requirements for the dynamic response performance of DC-DC power supplies by devices are becoming increasingly stringent.

[0003] Traditional DC-DC power supplies often have problems such as large fluctuations in output voltage and current and long recovery times when facing sudden load changes. This is because traditional control strategies mostly use simple analog PID control, and analog circuits are easily affected by factors such as environmental temperature and noise, with poor parameter stability. When the load current changes instantaneously, such as when the data transmission rate in a communication device suddenly changes, resulting in a large fluctuation in power consumption, the analog PID control cannot quickly and accurately adjust the power supply output, causing serious output voltage dips or overshoots, which may affect the normal operation of the device and even damage sensitive electronic components.

[0004] In addition, with the development of electronic products towards miniaturization and lightweight, the volume and efficiency of power supplies have become important considerations. Traditional DC-DC power supplies often require a large number of peripheral circuit components to meet complex control requirements, resulting in an increase in power supply volume, cost, and a bottleneck in improving efficiency. Although emerging digital control technologies have gradually been applied to the power supply field, early digital PID control algorithms still have deficiencies in dynamic response optimization, failing to fully consider the diversity and complexity of load changes and being difficult to achieve efficient and accurate control under different working conditions, unable to meet the current high-performance requirements for DC-DC power supplies. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an optimization system that can effectively improve the dynamic response performance of DC-DC power supplies, adapt to various load changes, and has the characteristics of miniaturization and high efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID proposed by the present invention is to solve the problems mentioned in the above prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID, comprising the following modules: Voltage and current sampling module: Using voltage and current sensors to collect the output voltage V of the DC-DC power supply outand the output current I out , the sampled analog signal is converted into a digital signal by an A / D converter; Reference signal generation module: According to the application scenario and load demand of the DC-DC power supply, generate a reference voltage V ref and a reference current I ref . For different load types, the reference signal is adjusted by a preset algorithm, and the generation of the reference signal is calculated by the formula , where is the load current demand; Digital PID controller module: Receive the digital voltage, current signal, and reference signal output by the sampling module. The digital PID controller calculates according to the voltage error and the current error . Its control output u consists of a proportional term P, an integral term I, and a derivative term D, and the calculation formula is , where e is the voltage error or the current error , K p , K i , K d are the proportional, integral, and derivative coefficients respectively, T s is the sampling period, and n is the sampling time; PWM signal generation module: Generate a pulse width modulation PWM signal according to the control output u. The frequency of the PWM signal is set according to the design requirements of the power supply, and the PWM signal is used to control the power switch tube of the DC-DC power supply; Power switch drive module: Amplify the power of the PWM signal and drive the power switch tube in the DC-DC power supply. The drive module also has overcurrent and overvoltage protection functions; Load monitoring module: Monitor the load change of the DC-DC power supply in real time. By analyzing the change of the load current, judge the load status. The output of the load monitoring module is fed back to the reference signal generation module and the digital PID controller module.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes an adaptive parameter adjustment module. This module automatically adjusts the proportional, integral, and derivative coefficients K p , K i , K d in the digital PID controller according to the output of the load monitoring module and the operating state of the power supply. Using the fuzzy adaptive algorithm, according to the load change rate and the magnitude of the voltage error , adjust the values of K p , K i , K d through the fuzzy rule table.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a feedforward compensation module. This module is based on the input voltage V of the power supplyin and the load current I load varies, the duty cycle of the PWM signal is adjusted, and feed-forward compensation reduces the fluctuations of the power supply output voltage and current. The feed-forward compensation amount is calculated through the formula , where K ff is the feed-forward compensation coefficient, ∆V in and ∆I load are the change amounts of the input voltage and the load current respectively. The final duty cycle of the PWM signal .

[0009] Furthermore, the voltage and current sampling module adopts an anti-interference design, including hardware filtering and software filtering. The hardware filter filters out noise and interference signals, and the cut-off frequency f c of the filter is set according to the sampling frequency f s and the operating frequency of the power supply. , and the software filter adopts a moving average filtering algorithm to smooth the sampled digital signal. The window size N of the moving average filtering is adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0010] Furthermore, the reference signal generation module has an intelligent learning function. By analyzing and learning historical load data and power supply operation data, it predicts future load demands and adjusts the reference signal in advance. Using a neural network algorithm, the historical load current and voltage data are used as inputs, and the future load demand is used as the output to train the neural network. The trained neural network predicts the load change trend in a future period according to the current load state, and the reference signal generation module adjusts the reference voltage and reference current in advance according to the prediction result.

[0011] Furthermore, the digital PID controller module adopts an integral separation technique. When the absolute value of the voltage error or the current error is greater than the threshold E th , the integral action is cancelled. When the absolute value of the error is less than or equal to E th , the integral action is restored.

[0012] Furthermore, the PWM signal generation module adopts a frequency dithering technique, introducing random dithering in the frequency of the PWM signal to reduce the electromagnetic interference EMI of the power supply. The range of frequency dithering ∆f is set according to the design requirements of the power supply. By changing the frequency of the PWM signal, the electromagnetic interference energy of the power supply is dispersed, reducing the interference peak at the frequency point.

[0013] Furthermore, the power switch driving module adopts isolation driving technology. Through isolation devices such as isolation transformers or optocouplers, the control circuit is isolated from the power circuit. The isolation driving module also has response time and driving ability to ensure the normal operation of the power switch tube under isolation. At the same time, the driving module also has overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions.

[0014] Furthermore, the load monitoring module adopts multi-sensor fusion technology. By combining data from multiple sensors, it judges the state of the load. The multi-sensor fusion improves the accuracy and reliability of load monitoring.

[0015] Furthermore, the system also includes a fault diagnosis and protection module. This module monitors various parameters of the power supply in real time. When abnormal conditions are detected, protection measures are taken. Fault diagnosis uses a method combining threshold judgment and trend analysis. At the same time, by analyzing the change trend of parameters, the occurrence of faults is judged.

[0016] Compared with the existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In terms of dynamic response performance, through the high-precision and high-speed voltage and current sampling module, the changes in the power supply output can be quickly captured. The digital PID controller module, based on precise error calculation and combined with the adaptive parameter adjustment module, can optimize the control parameters in real time. In the face of sudden load changes, the system can quickly adjust the output, significantly reducing the voltage drop and overshoot phenomena. The fluctuations of the output voltage and current are reduced by about 80% compared with the traditional system, and the recovery time is shortened by more than 60%, effectively ensuring the stable operation of the equipment and improving the reliability of the equipment under complex working conditions.

[0017] In terms of power supply efficiency, the feedforward compensation module adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal in advance, reducing output fluctuations while reducing power losses. Combined with the reference signal generation module with intelligent learning, it can accurately match the power supply output according to load prediction, avoiding energy waste, and increasing the overall power supply efficiency by 10% - 15%, showing significant effects in energy conservation.

[0018] From the perspective of system stability, each module adopts multiple anti-interference designs, such as the software and hardware filtering of the sampling module, the isolation driving of the power switch driving module, etc., effectively reducing the influence of external interference and improving the stability and reliability of the system operation.

[0019] In terms of power supply miniaturization and cost control, the present system reduces the dependence on a large number of peripheral circuit components by optimizing the control algorithm, reducing the volume of the power supply and lowering the production cost. At the same time, the fault diagnosis and protection module monitors the power supply parameters in real time, discovers and processes abnormalities in a timely manner, extends the service life of the power supply, and further reduces the maintenance cost. Generally speaking, the system of the present invention comprehensively improves the performance of the DC-DC power supply, providing strong support for the development of modern electronic devices. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic block diagram of a DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a bar chart comparing the output voltage recovery time under different load mutations of a DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a line chart showing the variation of power efficiency of a DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID proposed by the present invention with the load rate; Figure 4 It is a radar chart comparing the distribution of electromagnetic interference intensity in different frequency bands of a DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID proposed by the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined. In addition, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In modern electronic devices, as a key component, the DC-DC power supply is widely used in various electronic products. The performance of the DC-DC power supply directly affects the stability, reliability and energy efficiency of electronic products.

[0025] When facing sudden changes in the load, traditional DC-DC power supplies often have problems such as large fluctuations in output voltage and current and long recovery times. This is because traditional control strategies mostly adopt simple analog PID control. Analog circuits are vulnerable to interference from factors such as ambient temperature and noise, and the parameter stability is poor. When the load current changes instantaneously, such as when the data transmission rate in a communication device suddenly changes, resulting in a large fluctuation in power consumption, the analog PID control cannot quickly and accurately adjust the power supply output, resulting in a serious voltage drop or overshoot in the output voltage, which may affect the normal operation of the device and even damage sensitive electronic components.

[0026] Moreover, to meet complex control requirements, traditional DC-DC power supplies often require a large number of peripheral circuit components, resulting in an increase in the volume and cost of the power supply, and encountering bottlenecks in improving efficiency.

[0027] Correspondingly, although emerging digital control technologies are gradually applied to the power supply field, the early digital PID control algorithms still have deficiencies in optimizing dynamic response. They do not fully consider the diversity and complexity of load changes, and it is difficult to achieve efficient and accurate control under different working conditions, unable to meet the current high-performance requirements for DC-DC power supplies.

[0028] Therefore, this application proposes a DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system that can effectively improve the dynamic response performance of the DC-DC power supply, adapt to various load changes, and has the characteristics of miniaturization and high efficiency, which has great practical significance.

[0029] This application proposes a DC-DC power dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID. It can quickly capture changes in the power output through a high-precision and high-speed voltage and current sampling module. In the face of sudden load changes, this optimization system can quickly adjust the output, significantly reducing voltage dips and overshoot phenomena. The fluctuations of the output voltage and current are reduced by about 80% compared to traditional systems, and the recovery time is shortened by more than 60%, effectively ensuring the stable operation of the equipment and improving the reliability of the equipment under complex working conditions.

[0030] Refer to Figures 1 to 4 : A DC-DC power dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID, including the following modules: Voltage and current sampling module: This module is the basis for the entire system to obtain power operation status information. High-precision and high-speed voltage and current sensors are used, such as Honeywell's high-precision voltage sensors and current sensors, which can sample the output voltage V of the DC-DC power supply at a sampling frequency of up to 100 kHz out and output current I out for real-time acquisition. There is a certain amount of noise and interference in the analog signals collected by the sensors. In order to ensure the accuracy of subsequent processing, filtering is required. A low-pass filter is used in hardware, and the cut-off frequency f c is set to one-tenth of the sampling frequency, that is , effectively filtering out high-frequency noise. A moving average filtering algorithm is used in software, and the window size N is set to 10 to smooth the sampled digital signals. The analog signals are converted into digital signals through an A / D converter (such as a 16-bit ADC chip), providing accurate and reliable data for the subsequent control module.

[0031] Reference signal generation module: According to the application scenario and load requirements of the DC-DC power supply, generate appropriate reference voltage V ref and reference current I ref . For different load types, such as constant loads, dynamic loads, etc., the reference signal can be dynamically adjusted through preset algorithms. For example, when it is detected that the load current changes rapidly, the reference voltage can be adjusted at a certain slope to improve the dynamic response speed of the power supply. The generation of the reference signal can also consider factors such as the input voltage V of the power supply in , etc., and is calculated through the formula , where is the current demand of the load.

[0032] Digital PID controller module: This module is the core control unit of the system, receiving the digital voltage and current signals output by the sampling module and the reference signals output by the reference signal generation module. The digital PID controller calculates according to the voltage error and current error Calculations are performed. Its control output u consists of a proportional term P, an integral term I, and a derivative term D, and the calculation formula is , where e can be the voltage error or the current error , K p , K i , K d are the proportional, integral, and derivative coefficients respectively, T s is the sampling period, and n is the current sampling time. By adjusting the values of K p , K i , K d in real time, the dynamic response and steady-state performance of the power supply can be optimized.

[0033] PWM signal generation module: Generates a corresponding pulse width modulation (PWM) signal based on the output u of the digital PID controller. The duty cycle D of the PWM signal is closely related to the controller output u, and there is a specific mapping relationship between the two, such as D = g(u). This mapping can be achieved through linear or non-linear functions, depending on the design requirements of the system. The frequency of the PWM signal is not fixed but can be flexibly set according to the design requirements of the power supply, and the common range is between dozens of kHz and several MHz. This signal is mainly used to precisely control the power switch tube in the DC-DC power supply. By changing the on and off times of the switch tube, the output voltage and current of the power supply can be effectively regulated, realizing the optimization and stable control of the output characteristics of the power supply.

[0034] Power switch drive module: Amplifies the power of the PWM signal to drive the power switch tube in the DC-DC power supply, such as common MOSFETs or IGBTs. During actual operation, this module has extremely excellent fast response speed and powerful driving ability. With such characteristics, it can ensure that the power switch tube can quickly and accurately perform on and off actions under the precise control of the PWM signal, thereby efficiently regulating the output of the power supply. At the same time, in order to prevent the power switch tube from being damaged due to abnormal conditions, the drive module has carefully designed overcurrent and overvoltage protection functions. Once the detected current or voltage exceeds the safety threshold, the protection mechanism will quickly start, cut off the circuit or take other protection measures, effectively ensuring the stable operation and service life of the power switch tube.

[0035] Load monitoring module: It monitors the load changes of the DC-DC power supply in real time. Its monitoring scope is extensive, covering the types of loads, whether resistive, inductive or capacitive loads; the size of the load, accurately grasping parameters such as current and voltage; and the change rate of the load, sensitively capturing the dynamic changes of the load over time. In actual operation, it mainly relies on in-depth analysis of the load current change situation to accurately judge the current state of the load, whether it is in a stable constant state, running continuously and smoothly; or in a dynamic change state, with current and voltage fluctuating; or encountering an impact load state, generating a large current impact instantaneously. The detailed output data obtained by the load monitoring module will be timely fed back to the reference signal generation module and the digital PID controller module. In this way, the system can flexibly and accurately adjust the control strategy according to the real-time changes of the load, ensuring that the DC-DC power supply always maintains the best operating state and efficiently coping with various complex load scenarios.

[0036] In the present invention, there is also an adaptive parameter adjustment module, which automatically adjusts the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients K p , K i , K d in the digital PID controller according to the output of the load monitoring module and the real-time operating state of the power supply. Using the fuzzy adaptive algorithm, according to the load change rate and the voltage error , the values of K p , K i , K d are adjusted through the fuzzy rule table. For example, when the load change rate is large and the voltage error is also large, increase the value of K p to improve the response speed of the system; when the load change rate is small and the voltage error is small, appropriately reduce the value of K i to reduce the integral saturation phenomenon. The fuzzy rule can be expressed as: If is "large" and is "large", then , , , where K p_new , K i_new , K d_new are the new coefficient values obtained according to fuzzy inference.

[0037] In the present invention, there is also a feedforward compensation module, which adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal in advance according to the changes of the input voltage V in of the power supply and the load current I load . Feedforward compensation can effectively reduce the fluctuations of the power supply output voltage and current and improve the dynamic response speed of the system. The feedforward compensation amount can be calculated by the formula , where Kff is the feedforward compensation coefficient, ∆V in and ∆I load are the changes in the input voltage and load current respectively. The feedforward compensation module adds the calculated to the duty cycle D output by the PWM signal generation module to obtain the final PWM signal duty cycle .

[0038] In the present invention, the voltage and current sampling module adopts anti-interference design, including hardware filtering and software filtering. The hardware filtering uses a low-pass filter to filter out high-frequency noise and interference signals. The cut-off frequency f of the filter c is set according to the sampling frequency f s and the operating frequency of the power supply. Generally . The software filtering uses a moving average filtering algorithm to smooth the sampled digital signals and reduce the influence of random noise. The window size N of the moving average filtering can be adjusted according to the actual situation, for example, N = 10.

[0039] In the present invention, the reference signal generation module has an intelligent learning function. By deeply mining and analyzing a large amount of historical load data and power supply operation data, it can accurately predict future load requirements. Specifically, this module uses an advanced neural network algorithm, carefully selects historical load current and voltage data as the input information of the neural network, and accurately sets the future load requirements as the output target, so as to conduct a systematic and comprehensive training on the neural network. After a large amount of data training, the neural network gradually has a strong prediction ability and can accurately predict the change trend of the load in a future period according to the current real-time load state. Based on this, the reference signal generation module can reasonably and accurately adjust the reference voltage and reference current in advance according to this prediction result. This forward-looking adjustment strategy enables the power supply to quickly respond when facing upcoming load changes, significantly improves the dynamic response ability of the power supply, and ensures that the entire power supply system always operates stably and efficiently in a complex and changeable load environment.

[0040] In the present invention, the digital PID controller module adopts the integral separation technology. When the absolute value of the voltage error or the current error is greater than the set threshold E th , the integral action is cancelled, that is, only proportional and derivative control is used to avoid the integral saturation phenomenon and accelerate the response speed of the system; when the absolute value of the error is less than or equal to E th , the integral action is restored to eliminate the steady-state error. The judgment condition for integral separation can be expressed as: if , then .

[0041] In the present invention, the PWM signal generation module adopts a frequency jitter technique to introduce a certain amount of random jitter in the frequency of the PWM signal, so as to reduce the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of the power supply. The range of frequency jitter ∆f can be set according to the design requirements of the power supply, for example . During actual operation, by regularly and randomly changing the frequency of the PWM signal, the electromagnetic interference energy originally concentrated at certain specific frequencies will be dispersed over a wider frequency range. In this way, the interference peaks that may appear at specific frequency points are significantly reduced, avoiding the adverse effects on surrounding electronic devices caused by the concentration of electromagnetic interference, greatly improving the electromagnetic compatibility of the power supply system, and ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the entire power supply system and surrounding devices.

[0042] In the present invention, the power switch driving module adopts an isolation driving technique. This technique mainly uses special isolation devices such as isolation transformers or optocouplers to effectively electrically isolate the control circuit from the power circuit. This measure is of great significance, greatly improving the safety of the system, effectively avoiding damage to the control circuit caused by high voltage and large current in the power circuit, and preventing the risk of electric shock to operators. At the same time, it also significantly enhances the anti-interference ability of the system, enabling the control circuit to be immune to electromagnetic interference in the power circuit, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of signal transmission. The isolation driving module not only performs excellently in isolation, but also has a fast response time and sufficient driving ability. This ensures that even in the case of isolation, the power switch tube can still work normally, quickly and accurately realizing the on and off actions. In addition, in order to better protect the isolation device and extend its service life, the driving module is carefully equipped with overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions. Once abnormal voltage or current is detected, the protection mechanism is quickly activated to cut off the circuit or take other protection measures in a timely manner, comprehensively ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the entire power switch driving module.

[0043] In the present invention, the load monitoring module adopts multi-sensor fusion technology, which organically integrates data from various sensors such as current sensors, voltage sensors, and temperature sensors. The current sensor can accurately monitor the load current in real time, the voltage sensor closely tracks the changes in the load voltage, and the temperature sensor focuses on sensing the dynamic load temperature. Through comprehensive analysis of the data from these sensors, the load status can be judged more comprehensively and accurately. For example, when the load temperature continues to rise rapidly, it is very likely that the load is in an overloaded state because overload usually causes the load to heat up more severely. By deeply analyzing the change relationship between the load current and voltage and based on characteristics such as their phase difference, the load type can be effectively identified. If the current and voltage are in phase, it is mostly a resistive load; if the current lags behind the voltage, it may be an inductive load; if the current leads the voltage, it is probably a capacitive load. The multi-sensor fusion technology gives full play to the advantages of each sensor, makes up for the limitations of single-sensor monitoring, and greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of load monitoring, providing solid data support for the system to accurately adjust the control strategy according to the actual load status.

[0044] In the present invention, the system also includes a fault diagnosis and protection module, which always remains vigilant and monitors key parameters of the power supply in real time, including output voltage, output current, and the temperature of the power switch tube, etc. Once abnormal conditions such as overvoltage, overcurrent, overheating, etc. are detected, it will quickly and resolutely take corresponding protection measures. For example, it will immediately turn off the power switch tube to prevent the fault from expanding further, and at the same time issue a clear alarm signal so that the staff can be informed and handle it in time. In terms of fault diagnosis, the module adopts a scientific and efficient method, that is, the combination of threshold judgment and trend analysis. When the output voltage exceeds the preset overvoltage threshold V ov , or the output current exceeds the set overcurrent threshold I oc , the system will quickly determine it as a fault and trigger the protection mechanism. In addition, it also has foresight. By carefully analyzing the change trend of the parameters, if it is found that the rising rate of the voltage or current is too fast, even if it has not reached the threshold, it can give an early warning of the occurrence of the fault, striving for valuable time to eliminate hidden dangers in time and maintain the stable operation of the system, and comprehensively protecting the safe and reliable operation of the power supply system.

[0045] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent replacements or changes, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: Voltage and current sampling module: uses voltage and current sensors to collect the output voltage V of the DC-DC power supply out and output current I out , the sampled analog signal is converted into a digital signal through an A / D converter; Reference signal generation module: Generates reference voltage V according to the application scenario and load requirements of the DC-DC power supply ref and reference current I ref For different load types, the reference signal is adjusted by a preset algorithm. The reference signal is generated by the formula Calculate, where is the load current requirement; Digital PID controller module: receives the digital voltage, current signal and reference signal output by the sampling module, and the digital PID controller and current error Calculation, its control output u is composed of proportional term P, integral term I and differential term D, the calculation formula is , where e is the voltage error or current error , K p , K i , K d are proportional, integral, and differential coefficients respectively, T s is the sampling period, n is the sampling time; PWM signal generation module: Generates pulse width modulation PWM signal according to the control output u. The PWM signal frequency is set according to the design requirements of the power supply. The PWM signal is used to control the power switch tube of the DC-DC power supply. Power switch driver module: amplifies the PWM signal power and drives the power switch tube in the DC-DC power supply. The driver module also has over-current and over-voltage protection functions; Load monitoring module: monitors the load changes of the DC-DC power supply in real time, determines the load status by analyzing the changes in the load current, and the output of the load monitoring module is fed back to the reference signal generation module and the digital PID controller module.

2. The DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an adaptive parameter adjustment module, which automatically adjusts the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients K in the digital PID controller according to the output of the load monitoring module and the power supply operation status. p , K i , K d , using fuzzy adaptive algorithm, according to the load change rate and voltage error Size, adjust K through the fuzzy rule table p , K i , K d The value of .

3. The DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a feed-forward compensation module, which is based on the input voltage V in and load current I load Changes, adjust the duty cycle of the PWM signal, feedforward compensation to reduce the power supply output voltage and current fluctuations, feedforward compensation amount By formula Calculate, where K ff is the feedforward compensation coefficient, ∆V in and ∆I load are the changes in input voltage and load current, respectively, and the final PWM signal duty cycle .

4. The DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The voltage and current sampling module adopts anti-interference design, including hardware filtering and software filtering. The hardware filtering filters out noise and interference signals. The cutoff frequency of the filter is f c According to the sampling frequency f s and the operating frequency of the power supply, ,The software filtering adopts the sliding average filtering algorithm to ,smoothly process the sampled digital signal, and the window size N of the ,sliding average filtering is adjusted according to the actual ,condition.

5. The DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reference signal generation module has an intelligent learning function. By analyzing and learning historical load data and power supply operation data, it predicts future load demand and adjusts the reference signal in advance. It uses a neural network algorithm, takes historical load current and voltage data as input, and future load demand as output to train the neural network. The trained neural network predicts the load change trend in the future based on the current load status. The reference signal generation module adjusts the reference voltage and reference current in advance based on the prediction results.

6. The DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The digital PID controller module adopts integral separation technology. or current error The absolute value of th When the absolute value of the error is less than or equal to E th , the integral effect is restored.

7. The DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The PWM signal generation module adopts frequency jitter technology to introduce random jitter on the frequency of the PWM signal to reduce the electromagnetic interference EMI of the power supply. The frequency jitter range ∆f is set according to the design requirements of the power supply. By changing the PWM signal frequency, the electromagnetic interference energy of the power supply is dispersed and the interference peak at the frequency point is reduced.

8. The DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power switch driver module adopts isolation drive technology to isolate the control circuit from the power circuit through isolation devices such as isolation transformers or optocouplers. The isolation driver module also has response time and driving capabilities to ensure that the power switch tube works normally under isolation. At the same time, the driver module also has overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions.

9. The DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load monitoring module uses multi-sensor fusion technology to combine multiple sensor data to determine the state of the load. Multi-sensor fusion improves the accuracy and reliability of load monitoring.

10. The DC-DC power supply dynamic response optimization system based on digital PID according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a fault diagnosis and protection module, which monitors various parameters of the power supply in real time. When an abnormal situation is detected, protection measures are taken. Fault diagnosis adopts a method that combines threshold judgment and trend analysis. At the same time, by analyzing the changing trend of parameters, the occurrence of faults is judged.

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