Construction method for preventing deformation during cutting of extremely thick plate of large container ship

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction method for preventing deformation during cutting of an extremely-thick plate of a large container ship, which comprises the following steps of: hoisting the extremely-thick plate to a position above a cutting jig frame by a travelling crane, performing fixed-point confirmation by a positioning mechanism, and adjusting the extremely-thick plate to a proper cutting position; four positioning blocks are clamped into the cutting jig frame for positioning along the two end parts of the side surface of the long edge direction of the extremely thick plate, and are welded and fixed with the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig frame by adopting positioned welding after being inserted into the cutting jig frame, the upper edges of the positioning blocks cannot exceed the thickness of the extremely thick plate, and a gun head cannot be cracked up due to bulges when a cutting machine is used for cutting; after the two ends are fixed, positioning blocks are evenly arranged in the long edge direction of the extremely-thick plate at intervals, the extremely-thick plate and the cutting jig frame are welded and fixed, an extremely-thick plate base material and the cutting jig frame are fixed into a whole, and displacement cannot occur during cutting; a cutting machine is used for cutting all the parts continuously at a time in sequence; and after cutting is completed, the positioning block is detached. According to the invention, a large amount of secondary cutting and polishing time can be saved, and the cutting efficiency of the extremely thick plate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of shipbuilding, and particularly to a construction method for preventing deformation during cutting of extremely thick plates of large container ships. Background Art

[0002] During the cutting process of extremely thick plates, due to the long cutting time and large heat absorption, displacement of the extremely thick plates will occur. The traditional construction method of preventing displacement by connecting bridges between parts can ensure the relative positions of the parts remain unchanged, but it cannot prevent the displacement of the base material of the extremely thick plates themselves, resulting in cutting damage to the finally cut parts. At the same time, secondary cutting and a large amount of grinding are required at the connecting bridge.

[0003] Chinese Patent CN220407266U discloses a steel plate cutting device with a positioning function, including a guide rail plate, a control plate, a cutting knife, a clamping assembly, a limiting assembly, and a storage plate. One end of the guide rail plate is fixedly installed with a support frame, one end of the support frame is fixedly installed with a placement plate, the lower surface of the placement plate is movably installed with a storage plate, the upper surface of the placement plate is movably installed with a clamping assembly, one end of the support frame is movably installed with a limiting assembly, and the limiting assembly can apply a limiting and fixing effect to the storage plate attached to the lower surface of the placement plate. The utility model has the advantages that when cutting the steel plate, it can clamp and limit the steel plate to avoid the situation that the steel plate tilts and shifts during cutting, which easily leads to inaccurate cutting, and can centrally collect the metal debris generated during the cutting process to reduce the workload of the staff and increase the work efficiency of the staff at the same time.

[0004] However, the steel plate positioning structure in the prior art clamps and positions through the side plate bodies. The side plate bodies are easily affected by the plate bodies when scribing and cutting at the edge of the cutting plate. Especially when the cutting plate needs to open a reverse groove, the clamping assembly in the prior art cannot be realized. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a thick plate cutting method that can meet various cutting requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, this application provides a construction method for preventing deformation during cutting of extremely thick plates of large container ships.

[0006] A construction method for preventing deformation during cutting of extremely thick plates of large container ships provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A construction method for preventing deformation during cutting of extremely thick plates of large container ships, including: Step 1: Hoisting of extremely thick plates: The traveling crane hoists the extremely thick plates above the cutting jig, and through the positioning mechanism for fixed-point confirmation, the extremely thick plates are adjusted to the appropriate cutting position; Step 2: Pre-positioning of extremely thick plates: Take 4 positioning blocks and clamp them into the cutting jig at both ends of the side along the long side direction of the extremely thick plate for positioning. After the positioning blocks are inserted into the cutting jig, they are welded and fixed with the extremely thick plates and the cutting jig by tack welding. The upper edge of the positioning blocks shall not exceed the plate thickness of the extremely thick plate to ensure that there are no interfering objects on the entire cutting plane, and the cutting gun head will not be damaged due to protrusions during cutting by the cutting machine; Step 3: Positioning of extremely thick plates: After being fixed at both ends, the positioning blocks are evenly spaced along the long side direction of the extremely thick plate, and the extremely thick plate is welded and fixed with the cutting jig to ensure that the base material of the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig are fixed together and cannot displace during cutting; Step 4: Cutting of extremely thick plates: Use the cutting machine to complete the cutting of all parts in sequence and continuously at one time; Step 5: Removal of positioning blocks: After cutting is completed, the positioning blocks are removed and reserved for the next use.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, first use the traveling crane to hoist the extremely thick plates above the cutting jig and adjust them to the appropriate cutting position through the positioning mechanism. Subsequently, 4 positioning blocks are clamped into the cutting jig at both ends of the long side of the extremely thick plate, fixed by tack welding, and ensure that the upper edge of the positioning blocks does not exceed the plate thickness to avoid interfering with cutting. Then, the positioning blocks are evenly spaced along the long side, and the extremely thick plate is firmly welded to the cutting jig as a whole to prevent displacement during cutting. Finally, use the cutting machine to complete the cutting in sequence and continuously at one time. After cutting is completed, the positioning blocks are removed and reserved for the next use. Its technical effect is remarkable. By firmly fixing the extremely thick plates, it effectively prevents deformation during cutting, guarantees the dimensional accuracy and quality of the cut parts; ensures that there are no interfering objects on the cutting plane, protects the cutting gun head, and reduces the risk of equipment damage; continuous cutting at one time improves the cutting efficiency; the positioning blocks can be reused, saving material costs, and overall improving the construction efficiency.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning blocks are made of square iron blocks, and are successively provided with a matrix layer, a transition layer and a surface layer from the inside to the outside. Among them, the matrix layer adopts a tungsten carbide-reinforced steel matrix composite material, in which the tungsten carbide content is not less than 40%, the transition layer adopts a MoSi2-TiC composite structure, the surface layer adopts a boron carbide coating, and a micro-knitted structure is provided on the surface layer, including uniformly distributed hemispherical pits.

[0010] Preferably, during the welding process in Step 2 and Step 3, intermittent diamond-shaped weld spots are used to fix on both sides of the positioning blocks, with no less than two weld spots on one side. After welding, local water mist cooling is immediately carried out, and then phase difference welding is carried out along the length direction of the positioning blocks. After welding is completed, a micro-vibration stress relief is carried out on the weld area through a high-frequency vibration device.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the working principle of the positioning block lies in its unique hierarchical structure design. The matrix layer is made of a tungsten carbide reinforced steel matrix composite material with a tungsten carbide content of not less than 40%, endowing the positioning block with high strength and wear resistance, ensuring the stability of its own structure during the fixation of the extremely thick plate, and being able to withstand large pressures and frictional forces. The MoSi2-TiC composite structure of the transition layer effectively alleviates the stress difference generated between the matrix layer and the surface layer due to different materials, enhancing the overall bonding force. The boron carbide coating on the surface layer has high hardness and strong chemical stability, which can protect the internal structure of the positioning block, while the micro-knitting structure formed by the uniformly distributed hemispherical pits on the surface layer can increase the frictional force with the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig, making the positioning more stable. During the welding process, the two sides of the positioning block are fixed by intermittent diamond-shaped welding points, with no less than two welding points on each side. This welding point distribution method can not only ensure the connection strength between the positioning block and the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig, but also reduce the thermal stress generated by continuous welding. Immediately after welding, local water mist cooling is carried out, which can quickly reduce the temperature of the welding area and reduce thermal deformation. Phase difference welding is adopted along the length direction of the positioning block to further disperse the welding thermal stress and avoid stress concentration. After welding is completed, a micro-vibration stress relief is carried out on the weld area through a high-frequency vibration device to eliminate the welding residual stress and improve the weld quality and the overall performance of the positioning block.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning mechanism in step 1 adopts a laser locator installed around the cutting jig, and the bottom of the laser locator is slidably installed on the tracks distributed along the length and width directions of the cutting jig through wheel bodies.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, the positioning mechanism adopts a laser locator, and its working principle is that the laser locator installed around the cutting jig emits laser beams. By utilizing the linear propagation characteristics and high collimation of the laser, the relative position between the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig is accurately measured. The bottom of the laser locator is slidably installed on the tracks distributed along the length and width directions of the cutting jig, which enables the laser locator to move flexibly and can accurately adjust the angle and position of the emitted laser according to the different sizes and position requirements of the extremely thick plate. When the extremely thick plate is hoisted above the cutting jig, the laser locator monitors the position of the extremely thick plate in real time and continuously calibrates it through track movement until the extremely thick plate is adjusted to the appropriate cutting position.

[0014] Preferably, the cutting jig is composed of angle steels welded into a double-layer grid framework, with diagonal stiffeners arranged between the double-layer angle steels. Two groups of vertically distributed guide grooves are machined on the lower surface of the positioning block, and the guide grooves are respectively clamped in cooperation with the double-layer angle steels.

[0015] Preferably, a heat-conducting buffer component is laid on the contact surface between the cutting jig and the extremely thick plate, including heat-conducting gaskets densely arranged on the top of the cutting jig, and the heat-conducting gaskets are made of metal fiber woven pads mixed with stainless steel fibers and copper wires.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the double-layer grid framework of the cutting jig is welded by angle steel. The diagonal stiffeners between the double-layer angle steels can enhance the overall structural strength of the jig, enabling it to remain stable when bearing extremely thick plates and during cutting operations, and not easily deformed due to stress. The two groups of vertically distributed guiding grooves on the lower surface of the positioning block can be accurately engaged with the double-layer angle steel by clamping. This not only provides a clear guide for the installation of the positioning block, facilitating the quick and convenient fixation of the positioning block to the cutting jig, but also ensures the accuracy and stability of the installation of the positioning block, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of the extremely thick plate during positioning. The heat-conducting buffer assembly is laid on the contact surface between the cutting jig and the extremely thick plate, and the heat-conducting gaskets densely arranged on the top of the cutting jig play a key role. The metal fiber woven mat mixed with stainless steel fibers and copper wires has good heat-conducting performance. During the cutting process, it can quickly conduct and diffuse the heat generated by the cutting of the extremely thick plate, preventing the heat from accumulating locally on the extremely thick plate and reducing the influence of thermal stress on the cutting quality of the extremely thick plate. At the same time, the heat-conducting gasket also has a certain buffering effect, which can relieve the hard contact between the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig, reducing the risk of displacement or damage to the extremely thick plate caused by factors such as vibration and ensuring the smooth progress of the cutting operation.

[0017] Preferably, an intelligent detection module is installed on the cutting machine, including an infrared temperature sensor installed at the bottom of the cutting torch head and a laser displacement sensor around the cutting torch head. The infrared temperature sensor and the laser displacement sensor are both arranged in a circumferential array around the cutting torch head, and the laser displacement sensor uses a line laser scanner.

[0018] Preferably, the cutting machine uses flame cutting. The cutting machine includes a mounting frame and a cutting torch head movably installed on the mounting frame, and the mounting frame and the cutting torch head are connected by an adjusting mechanism. The mounting frame adopts an annular frame structure, and a manipulator is externally connected to the mounting frame. The adjusting mechanism includes fixed frames annularly distributed inside the mounting frame. The free end of the fixed frame is rotatably installed with a rotating shaft, and a servo motor for driving the rotating shaft is installed on the fixed frame. The rotating shaft is connected to the cutting torch head through a telescopic shaft, and both ends of the telescopic shaft are respectively connected to the rotating shaft and the cutting torch head through a universal connection structure, and the telescopic rods are connected by an elastic heat-insulating material.

[0019] Preferably, the infrared temperature sensor is located on both sides of the cutting torch head, the infrared temperature measuring module faces the cutting torch head, and the infrared temperature measuring module is covered with a splash-proof shield.

[0020] Preferably, an auxiliary heat dissipation device is also provided on the cutting torch head. Narrow slit nozzles are arranged around the cutting torch head, and the narrow slit nozzles are externally connected to a nitrogen supply pipeline.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the cutting machine makes the intelligent detection module, the special mounting frame and adjusting mechanism, and the auxiliary heat dissipation device work together. In the intelligent detection module, the infrared temperature sensor installed at the bottom of the cutting torch measures the temperature by sensing the infrared rays emitted by the object, and real-time monitors the temperature change in the cutting area. Since a large amount of heat is generated during the flame cutting process of ultra-thick plates, too high temperature may affect the cutting quality and the service life of the equipment. The infrared temperature sensor can timely feedback the temperature information. The splash guards on both sides of it can prevent the metal spatter generated during the cutting process from damaging the sensor, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the measurement. The laser displacement sensor uses a line laser scanner, which is arranged in a circumferential array around the cutting torch. The line laser scanner emits a laser beam, and according to the time or phase difference of the reflected laser beam, it accurately measures the distance between the cutting torch and the surface of the ultra-thick plate and the position change of the cutting torch. This can real-time monitor the relative position between the torch and the ultra-thick plate during the cutting process, and provide accurate data feedback for the adjusting mechanism. The mounting frame of the cutting machine adopts an annular frame structure, externally connected to a manipulator, which is convenient and flexible to adjust the position of the cutting machine in space to adapt to the cutting requirements of different positions and angles. The rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the fixed frames annularly distributed on the inner side of the mounting frame and is driven by a servo motor. When the intelligent detection module feedbacks that the position of the cutting torch needs to be adjusted, the servo motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and changes the position of the cutting torch through the telescopic shaft. Both ends of the telescopic shaft are connected to the rotating shaft and the cutting torch respectively through a universal connection structure, which enables the cutting torch to not only change the angle by rotating with the rotating shaft, but also move flexibly in space to meet the requirements of complex cutting trajectories. The telescopic shafts are connected by an elastic heat-insulating material, which can not only ensure the coordinated action of each telescopic shaft, but also effectively isolate the heat generated during the cutting process to prevent the heat from being transferred to the mounting frame and other components, affecting the performance of the equipment. The auxiliary heat dissipation device arranges slit nozzles around the cutting torch and is externally connected to a nitrogen supply pipeline. During the cutting process, the high temperature will cause the temperature of the cutting torch to rise sharply, affecting the cutting effect and the service life of the torch. The slit nozzles spray nitrogen, and by using the inertness and good heat dissipation performance of nitrogen, it quickly takes away the heat around the cutting torch, cools the cutting torch, ensures that the cutting torch works at an appropriate temperature, improves the cutting quality and efficiency, and extends the service life of the cutting torch.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. By the construction method of the present invention, the displacement of the ultra-thick plate during the cutting process is avoided, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the part cutting. Compared with the traditional construction method of preventing displacement by connecting bridges between parts, a large amount of secondary cutting and grinding man-hours can be saved, improving the processing efficiency. At the same time, the positioning blocks can be reused;

[0024] 2. Through the infrared temperature sensor and laser displacement sensor in the intelligent detection module, this application can monitor the temperature of the cutting area and the relative position between the cutting torch and the extremely thick plate in real time and accurately, providing reliable data support for the cutting process, greatly ensuring the stability of the cutting quality, and reducing the risk of cutting defects caused by abnormal temperature or position deviation.

[0025] 3. Through the mounting rack and the adjusting mechanism, with the help of the annular frame structure, the manipulator, and the rotating shaft and telescopic shaft driven by the servo motor, this application realizes the flexible positioning of the cutting machine in space and the precise adjustment of the position and angle of the cutting torch, enabling it to easily meet the requirements of complex cutting trajectories, and significantly improving the applicability and cutting efficiency of the equipment.

[0026] 4. Through the auxiliary heat dissipation device, by arranging slit nozzles around the cutting torch and connecting an external nitrogen supply pipeline, this application uses nitrogen to efficiently remove the heat around the cutting torch, effectively controlling the temperature of the torch, extending the service life of the torch, and ensuring the continuous stability of the cutting process, further improving the cutting quality and the overall operation efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a construction method for preventing deformation during the cutting of extremely thick plates of large container ships;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of placing an extremely thick plate and a cutting machine on a cutting jig;

[0029] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged view at A in

[0030] Figure 4 is a decomposition diagram of the positional relationship between the cutting jig and the extremely thick plate;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the bottom side structure of the cutting machine;

[0032] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the enlarged view of the cutting torch in

[0033] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the positioning block;

[0034] Figure 8 is a sectional view of the positioning block.

[0035] Description of reference numerals: 1, cutting jig; 11, angle steel; 12, diagonal stiffener; 2, positioning block; 21, base layer; 22, transition layer; 23, surface layer; 24, guide groove; 3, positioning mechanism; 31, laser locator; 32, track; 4, heat conduction buffer assembly; 41, heat conduction gasket; 5, cutting machine; 51, intelligent detection module; 511, infrared temperature sensor; 5111, splash-proof shield; 512, laser displacement sensor; 52, mounting frame; 53, cutting torch head; 531, auxiliary heat dissipation device; 532, slit nozzle; 533, nitrogen supply pipe; 54, adjusting mechanism; 541, fixed frame; 542, rotating shaft; 543, servo motor; 55, telescopic shaft; 56, universal connection structure. Detailed implementation mode

[0036] The following is combined with the attached Figure 1-8 This application is further described in detail below.

[0037] The embodiment of this application discloses a construction method for preventing deformation during cutting of extremely thick plates of large container ships.

[0038] Refer to Figures 1 to 8, A construction method for preventing deformation during the cutting of extremely thick plates of large container ships, including: Step 1: Hoisting of extremely thick plates: The overhead crane hoists the extremely thick plate above the cutting jig 1, and through the positioning mechanism 3 for fixed-point confirmation, the extremely thick plate is adjusted to the appropriate cutting position; Step 2: Pre-positioning of extremely thick plates: Take 4 positioning blocks 2 and insert them into the cutting jig 1 at both ends of the side along the long side direction of the extremely thick plate for positioning. After the positioning blocks 2 are inserted into the cutting jig 1, they are welded and fixed to the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig 1 by positioning welding. The upper edge of the positioning block 2 shall not exceed the thickness of the extremely thick plate to ensure that there are no interfering objects on the entire cutting plane, and the cutting gun head of the cutting machine 5 will not be damaged due to protrusions during cutting; Step 3: Positioning of extremely thick plates: After being fixed at both ends, the positioning blocks 2 are arranged at equal intervals along the long side direction of the extremely thick plate, and the extremely thick plate is welded and fixed to the cutting jig 1 to ensure that the base material of the extremely thick plate is fixed integrally with the cutting jig 1 and cannot displace during cutting; Step 4: Cutting of extremely thick plates: Use the cutting machine 5 to complete the cutting of all parts in sequence without interruption at one time; Step 5: Removal of the positioning block 2: After cutting is completed, the positioning block 2 is removed and reserved for the next use. First, use the overhead crane to hoist the extremely thick plate above the cutting jig 1 and adjust it to the appropriate cutting position through the positioning mechanism 3. Then, insert 4 positioning blocks 2 into the cutting jig 1 at both ends of the long side of the extremely thick plate and fix them by positioning welding to ensure that the upper edge of the positioning block 2 does not exceed the plate thickness to avoid interfering with cutting. Then, arrange the positioning blocks 2 at equal intervals along the long side to firmly weld the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig 1 together to prevent displacement during cutting. Finally, use the cutting machine 5 to complete the cutting in sequence without interruption at one time. After cutting is completed, remove the positioning block 2 for the next use. Its technical effect is remarkable. By firmly fixing the extremely thick plate, it effectively prevents deformation during cutting, ensures the dimensional accuracy and quality of the cut parts; ensures that there are no interfering objects on the cutting plane, protects the cutting gun head of the cutting machine 5, and reduces the risk of equipment damage; the one-time uninterrupted cutting improves the cutting efficiency; the positioning block 2 can be reused, saving material costs, and overall improving the construction efficiency.

[0039] Refer to Figures 1 to 8, the positioning block 2 is made of a square iron block, which is successively provided with a matrix layer 21, a transition layer 22 and a surface layer 23 from the inside to the outside. The matrix layer 21 is made of a tungsten carbide reinforced steel matrix composite material with a tungsten carbide content of not less than 40%. The transition layer 22 adopts a MoSi2-TiC composite structure, and the surface layer 23 adopts a boron carbide coating. Moreover, a micro-knitted structure including uniformly distributed hemispherical pits is provided on the surface layer 23. During the welding processes in Step 2 and Step 3, intermittent diamond-shaped solder joints are used to fix both sides of the positioning block 2, with no less than two solder joints on each side. Immediately after welding, local water mist cooling is carried out, and then phase difference welding is adopted along the length direction of the positioning block 2. After welding is completed, a high-frequency vibration device is used to release the micro-amplitude vibration stress in the weld area. The working principle of the positioning block 2 lies in its unique layered structure design. The matrix layer 21 is made of a tungsten carbide reinforced steel matrix composite material with a tungsten carbide content of 50%, endowing the positioning block 2 with high strength and wear resistance, ensuring the stability of its own structure during the process of fixing the extremely thick plate and being able to withstand greater pressure and friction. The MoSi2-TiC composite structure of the transition layer 22 effectively alleviates the stress difference caused by different materials between the matrix layer 21 and the surface layer 23 and enhances the overall bonding force. The boron carbide coating on the surface layer 23 has high hardness and strong chemical stability, which can protect the internal structure of the positioning block 2. The micro-knitted structure formed by the uniformly distributed hemispherical pits on the surface layer 23 can increase the friction force with the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig 1, making the positioning more stable. During the welding process, intermittent diamond-shaped solder joints are used to fix both sides of the positioning block 2, with no less than two solder joints on each side. This solder joint distribution method can not only ensure the connection strength between the positioning block 2, the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig 1, but also reduce the thermal stress generated by continuous welding. Immediately after welding, local water mist cooling is carried out, which can quickly reduce the temperature of the welding area and reduce thermal deformation. Phase difference welding is adopted along the length direction of the positioning block 2 to further disperse the welding thermal stress and avoid stress concentration. After welding is completed, a high-frequency vibration device is used to release the micro-amplitude vibration stress in the weld area, eliminate the welding residual stress, and improve the weld quality and the overall performance of the positioning block 2.

[0040] Refer to Figures 1 to 8, in Step 1, the positioning mechanism 3 uses laser locators 31 installed around the cutting jig 1. The bottom of the laser locator 31 is slidably mounted on the tracks 32 distributed along the length and width directions of the cutting jig 1. The positioning mechanism 3 uses laser locators 31, and its working principle is to emit laser beams through the laser locators 31 installed around the cutting jig 1. By utilizing the linear propagation characteristics and high collimation of the laser, the relative position between the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig 1 is accurately measured. The bottom of the laser locator 31 is slidably mounted on the tracks 32 distributed along the length and width directions of the cutting jig 1, which enables the laser locator 31 to move flexibly. It can accurately adjust the angle and position of the emitted laser according to the different sizes and position requirements of the extremely thick plate. When the extremely thick plate is lifted above the cutting jig 1, the laser locator 31 monitors the position of the extremely thick plate in real time and continuously calibrates by moving along the tracks 32 until the extremely thick plate is adjusted to the appropriate cutting position.

[0041] Refer to Figures 1 to 8 , the cutting jig 1 is composed of angle steels 11 welded to form a double-layer grid framework. Diagonal reinforcing ribs 12 are arranged between the double-layer angle steels 11. Two groups of vertically distributed guiding grooves 24 are machined on the lower surface of the positioning block 2, and the guiding grooves 24 are respectively engaged and clamped with the double-layer angle steels 11. A heat-conducting buffer assembly 4 is laid on the contact surface between the cutting jig 1 and the extremely thick plate, including heat-conducting gaskets 41 densely arranged on the top of the cutting jig 1. The heat-conducting gaskets 41 are made of metal fiber woven pads mixed with stainless steel fibers and copper wires. The double-layer grid framework of the cutting jig 1 is welded by angle steels 11, and the diagonal reinforcing ribs 12 between the double-layer angle steels 11 can enhance the overall structural strength of the jig, enabling it to remain stable when carrying the extremely thick plate and during the cutting operation, and not easily deformed due to stress. The two groups of vertically distributed guiding grooves 24 on the lower surface of the positioning block 2 can be accurately engaged and clamped with the double-layer angle steels 11. This not only provides a clear guide for the installation of the positioning block 2, facilitating the quick and convenient fixation of the positioning block 2 to the cutting jig 1, but also ensures the accuracy and stability of the installation of the positioning block 2, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of the extremely thick plate during positioning. The heat-conducting buffer assembly 4 is laid on the contact surface between the cutting jig 1 and the extremely thick plate, and the heat-conducting gaskets 41 densely arranged on the top of the cutting jig 1 play a key role. The metal fiber woven pad mixed with stainless steel fibers and copper wires has good heat-conducting performance. During the cutting process, it can quickly conduct and disperse the heat generated by the cutting of the extremely thick plate, preventing the heat from accumulating locally in the extremely thick plate and reducing the influence of thermal stress on the cutting quality of the extremely thick plate. At the same time, the heat-conducting gasket 41 also has a certain buffering effect, which can relieve the hard contact between the extremely thick plate and the cutting jig 1, reducing the risk of displacement or damage to the extremely thick plate caused by factors such as vibration, and ensuring the smooth progress of the cutting operation.

[0042] Refer to Figures 1 to 8, an intelligent detection module 51 is installed on the cutting machine 5, including an infrared temperature sensor 511 installed at the bottom of the cutting torch 53 and a laser displacement sensor 512 around the cutting torch 53. Both the infrared temperature sensor 511 and the laser displacement sensor 512 are arranged in a circumferential array around the cutting torch 53, and the laser displacement sensor 512 uses a line laser scanner. The cutting machine 5 uses flame cutting. The cutting machine 5 includes a mounting frame 52 and a cutting torch 53 movably installed on the mounting frame 52, and the mounting frame 52 and the cutting torch 53 are connected by an adjustment mechanism 54. The mounting frame 52 adopts an annular frame structure, and a manipulator is externally connected to the mounting frame 52. The adjustment mechanism 54 includes a fixed frame 541 annularly distributed inside the mounting frame 52. A rotating shaft 542 is rotatably installed at the free end of the fixed frame 541, and a servo motor 543 for driving the rotating shaft 542 is installed on the fixed frame 541. Among them, the rotating shaft 542 is connected to the cutting torch 53 through a telescopic shaft 55, and both ends of the telescopic shaft 55 are connected to the rotating shaft 542 and the cutting torch 53 through a universal connection structure 56 respectively, and the telescopic rods are connected by an elastic heat-insulating material. The infrared temperature sensor 511 is located on both sides of the cutting torch 53, the infrared temperature measurement module faces the cutting torch 53, and the infrared temperature measurement module is covered with a splash-proof shield 5111. An auxiliary heat dissipation device 531 is also provided on the cutting torch 53. Slit nozzles 532 are arranged around the cutting torch 53, and the slit nozzles 532 are externally connected to a nitrogen supply pipe 533. The cutting machine 5 works in cooperation with the intelligent detection module 51, the special mounting frame 52 and the adjustment mechanism 54, and the auxiliary heat dissipation device 531. In the intelligent detection module 51, the infrared temperature sensor 511 installed at the bottom of the cutting torch 53 measures the temperature by sensing the infrared rays emitted by the object, and monitors the temperature change in the cutting area in real time. Since a large amount of heat will be generated during the flame cutting process of ultra-thick plates, too high temperature may affect the cutting quality and the service life of the equipment. The infrared temperature sensor 511 can timely feedback the temperature information. The splash-proof shields 5111 on both sides of it can prevent the metal splashes generated during the cutting process from damaging the sensor, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the measurement. The laser displacement sensor 512 uses a line laser scanner and is arranged in a circumferential array around the cutting torch 53. The line laser scanner emits a laser beam, and according to the time or phase difference of the laser beam reflected back, it accurately measures the distance between the cutting torch 53 and the surface of the ultra-thick plate and the position change of the cutting torch 53. This can monitor the relative position between the torch and the ultra-thick plate during the cutting process in real time, and provide accurate data feedback for the adjustment mechanism 54. The mounting frame 52 of the cutting machine 5 adopts an annular frame structure and is externally connected to a manipulator, which is convenient for flexibly adjusting the position of the cutting machine 5 in space to meet the cutting requirements of different positions and angles. The rotating shaft 542 is rotatably installed on the fixed frame 541 annularly distributed inside the mounting frame 52 and is driven by the servo motor 543. When the intelligent detection module 51 feedbacks that the position of the cutting torch 53 needs to be adjusted, the servo motor 543 drives the rotating shaft 542 to rotate, and the position of the cutting torch 53 is changed through the telescopic shaft 55.Both ends of the telescopic shaft 55 are connected to the rotating shaft 542 and the cutting torch head 53 respectively through the universal connection structure 56. This enables the cutting torch head 53 to not only rotate with the rotating shaft 542 to change the angle, but also move flexibly in space, meeting the requirements of complex cutting trajectories. The telescopic shafts are connected by elastic heat-insulating materials, which can not only ensure the coordinated movement of each telescopic shaft 55, but also effectively isolate the heat generated during the cutting process, preventing the heat from being transferred to the mounting frame 52 and other components and affecting the performance of the equipment. The auxiliary heat dissipation device 531 arranges slit nozzles 532 around the cutting torch head 53, and is externally connected to a nitrogen supply pipe 533. During the cutting process, the high temperature will cause the temperature of the cutting torch head 53 to rise sharply, affecting the cutting effect and the life of the torch head. The slit nozzles 532 spray nitrogen, and by using the inertness and good heat dissipation performance of nitrogen, the heat around the cutting torch head 53 is quickly carried away, cooling the cutting torch head 53, ensuring that the cutting torch head 53 works at an appropriate temperature, improving the cutting quality and efficiency, and extending the service life of the cutting torch head 53.

[0043] Working principle: Before cutting the extremely thick plate of a large container ship, first ensure that the infrared temperature sensor 511 and the line laser scanner in the intelligent detection module 51 are operating normally, the bottom of the infrared temperature sensor 511 is in place and the splash-proof cover 5111 is installed, and the line laser scanner is arranged in a circumferential array around the cutting torch head 53. With the help of a manipulator, the mounting frame 52 with a ring frame structure is moved to a suitable position, and the connection between the servo motor 543 and the rotating shaft 542, the telescopic shaft 55 and the rotating shaft 542 and the cutting torch head 53 is completed, and the telescopic shafts are connected by elastic heat-insulating materials. After the cutting operation is started, the infrared temperature sensor 511 monitors the temperature of the cutting area in real time, and the line laser scanner accurately measures the relative position between the cutting torch head 53 and the extremely thick plate and feeds back the data. When the detection module feedbacks that the position of the torch head needs to be adjusted, the servo motor 543 drives the rotating shaft 542, and the angle and position of the cutting torch head 53 are flexibly adjusted through the telescopic shaft 55 and the universal connection structure 56. At the same time, the slit nozzles 532 of the externally connected nitrogen supply pipe 533 spray nitrogen around the cutting torch head 53, timely dissipating heat for the cutting torch head 53, ensuring the stable and efficient progress of the whole cutting process, and guaranteeing the cutting quality.

[0044] The above are all the preferred embodiments of this application, and the protection scope of this application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A construction method for preventing deformation when cutting extremely thick plates of large container ships, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Lifting of the extremely thick plate: The crane lifts the extremely thick plate to the top of the cutting frame (1), and the positioning mechanism (3) confirms the fixed point and adjusts the extremely thick plate to a suitable cutting position; Step 2: Pre-positioning of the extremely thick plate: Take 4 positioning blocks (2), and insert the two ends of the side surfaces along the long side direction of the extremely thick plate into the cutting frame (1) for positioning. After the positioning blocks (2) are inserted into the cutting frame (1), they are fixed to the extremely thick plate and the cutting frame (1) by positioning welding. The upper edge of the positioning blocks (2) cannot exceed the thickness of the extremely thick plate, ensuring that there are no interferences on the entire cutting plane, and the cutting machine (5) will not damage the gun head due to protrusions during cutting; Step 3: Positioning the extremely thick plate: After the two ends are fixed, the positioning blocks (2) are evenly spaced along the long side of the extremely thick plate, and the extremely thick plate is welded and fixed to the cutting frame (1) to ensure that the extremely thick plate base material and the cutting frame (1) are fixed as one and cannot be displaced during cutting; Step 4: Cutting of extremely thick plates: Use the cutting machine (5) to cut all parts in sequence without interruption at one time; Step 5: Removing the positioning block (2): After the cutting is completed, remove the positioning block (2) and keep it for next use.

2. A construction method for preventing deformation when cutting extremely thick plates of large container ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning block (2) is a square iron block, and is provided with a base layer (21), a transition layer (22) and a surface layer (23) in sequence from the inside to the outside, wherein the base layer (21) is a tungsten carbide reinforced steel-based composite material, wherein the tungsten carbide content is not less than 40%, the transition layer (22) is a MoSi2-TiC composite structure, the surface layer (23) is a boron carbide coating, and a micro-knitted structure is provided on the surface layer (23), including uniformly distributed hemispherical pits.

3. A construction method for preventing deformation when cutting extremely thick plates of large container ships according to claim 2, characterized in that: During the welding process in step 2 and step 3, intermittent diamond-shaped welding points are used to fix the two sides of the positioning block (2), with no less than two welding points on one side. After welding, local water mist cooling is immediately performed, and then phase difference welding is performed along the length direction of the positioning block (2). After welding is completed, a high-frequency vibration device is used to release the stress of the weld area by micro-vibration.

4. A construction method for preventing deformation when cutting extremely thick plates of large container ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (3) in step 1 uses a laser positioning device (31) installed around the cutting tire frame (1), wherein the bottom of the laser positioning device (31) is slidably installed on a track (32) distributed along the length direction and width direction of the cutting tire frame (1) through a wheel body.

5. The method for preventing deformation when cutting extremely thick plates of large container ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting frame (1) is formed by welding angle steels (11) to form a double-layer grid frame, oblique reinforcing ribs (12) are arranged between the double-layer angle steels (11), and the lower surface of the positioning block (2) is processed with two groups of vertically distributed guide grooves (24), and the guide grooves (24) are respectively engaged with the double-layer angle steels (11).

6. A construction method for preventing deformation when cutting extremely thick plates of large container ships according to claim 5, characterized in that: A heat-conducting buffer component (4) is laid on the contact surface between the cutting frame (1) and the extremely thick plate, comprising heat-conducting pads (41) densely distributed on the top of the cutting frame (1), and the heat-conducting pads (41) are made of a metal fiber woven pad mixed with stainless steel fibers and copper wires.

7. A construction method for preventing deformation when cutting extremely thick plates of large container ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting machine (5) is equipped with an intelligent detection module (51), comprising an infrared temperature sensor (511) installed at the bottom of a cutting gun head (53) and laser displacement sensors (512) around the cutting gun head (53), wherein the infrared temperature sensor (511) and the laser displacement sensor (512) are arranged in a circular array around the cutting gun head (53), and the laser displacement sensor (512) is a line laser scanner.

8. A construction method for preventing deformation when cutting extremely thick plates of large container ships according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cutting machine (5) adopts flame cutting. The cutting machine (5) comprises a mounting frame (52) and a cutting gun head (53) movably mounted on the mounting frame (52), and the mounting frame (52) and the cutting gun head (53) are connected via an adjusting mechanism (54). The mounting frame (52) adopts an annular frame structure, and the mounting frame (52) is externally connected to a manipulator. The adjusting mechanism (54) comprises a fixing frame (541) annularly distributed inside the mounting frame (52), a rotating shaft (542) is rotatably mounted on the free end of the fixing frame (541), and a servo motor (543) for driving the rotating shaft (542) is mounted on the fixing frame (541), wherein the rotating shaft (542) is connected to the cutting gun head (53) via a telescopic shaft (55), and two ends of the telescopic shaft (55) are respectively connected to the rotating shaft (542) and the cutting gun head (53) via a universal connection structure (56), and the telescopic rods are connected via an elastic heat-insulating material.

9. A construction method for preventing deformation when cutting extremely thick plates of large container ships according to claim 8, characterized in that: The infrared temperature measurement sensors (511) are located on both sides of the cutting gun head (53), the infrared temperature measurement module faces the cutting gun head (53), and the infrared temperature measurement module is covered with a splash-proof shield (5111).

10. A construction method for preventing deformation when cutting extremely thick plates of large container ships according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cutting gun head (53) is also provided with an auxiliary heat dissipation device (531), and a slit nozzle (532) is arranged around the cutting gun head (53), and the slit nozzle (532) is externally connected to a nitrogen supply pipeline (533).

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