Novel battery-changing electric vehicle power battery system and battery-changing electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a novel battery-changing electric vehicle power battery system. The novel battery-changing electric vehicle power battery system is characterized by comprising a shell, a battery set and a heat exchange device, the shell comprises a shell main body, a door replacing device and a first electric connecting device, and the first electric connecting device is electrically connected with an electrical system of the automobile; the shell main body is a hollow shell and is provided with at least one end opening, the door replacing device is fixed at the end opening, and the end opening is sealed by the door replacing device; the battery set is located in the shell, the battery set enters and exits through the end opening, and when the door replacing device is closed, the shell body and the door replacing device form a closed shell; the battery set comprises a battery and an output device, and the output device is used for electrically connecting the battery set with the first electric connection device; the heat exchange device and the battery set are mutually independent, can be physically separated and are independently fixed in the shell; the battery set is independently replaced, and the heat exchange device or other parts do not need to be disassembled.

Description

Technical Field:

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy, and particularly to a novel power battery system for battery-swapping electric vehicles and a battery-swapping electric vehicle. Background Art:

[0002] At present, when the battery of a new energy vehicle runs out of power, it is generally charged at a charging station, and some can directly replace the fully charged battery. Existing battery components for battery swapping generally include a battery box body, battery modules installed in the battery box body, and a heat exchange device for the battery modules. The heat exchange device of the battery module is fixed to the battery box body as a whole, and during normal operation, the heat exchange device of the battery module is generally connected to the cooling system of the vehicle through a plug-in device.

[0003] For example, in the Chinese invention patent with the patent number 202223131082.2 and the name of a quick-change battery component and a quick-change battery pack, this patent discloses a quick-change battery component, which is characterized in that it includes a water-cooled quick-change mechanism, including a water-cooled plug-in one and a water-cooled plug-in two that can be inserted and connected; the water-cooled plug-in one is installed on the battery shell and is connected to the liquid cooling circuit of the battery cell group; the water-cooled plug-in two is installed on the vehicle frame and is connected to the vehicle's water-cooling system, a high and low voltage quick-change mechanism, including an electrical plug-in one and an electrical plug-in two that can be inserted and connected; the electrical plug-in one is installed on the battery shell and is electrically connected to the battery cell group; the electrical plug-in two is installed on the vehicle frame and is electrically connected to the vehicle's high and low voltage system; a mounting quick-change mechanism, including a quick-change part one and a quick-change part two that can be inserted and connected; the quick-change part one is installed on the battery shell, and the quick-change part two is installed on the vehicle frame; wherein, when the water-cooled plug-in one is plugged and connected to the water-cooled plug-in two, the electrical plug-in one and the electrical plug-in two, and the quick-change part one and the quick-change part two are synchronously plugged and connected.

[0004] During battery swapping, the heat exchange device of the battery module is removed and replaced together with the battery box body and the battery modules inside, resulting in a large amount of work. The structure of the battery module is complex, with a large amount of manufacturing work and high costs. In addition, the frequent plugging and unplugging of the plug-in device between the heat exchange device of the battery module and the vehicle's cooling system is also likely to cause coolant leakage. Summary of the Invention:

[0005] One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a novel power battery system for battery-swapping electric vehicles, which can quickly replace the battery, avoid removing the cooling device of the battery, and avoid coolant leakage, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. And it can simplify the structure of the battery box body, reduce the manufacturing and battery-swapping costs of the battery. Only the battery needs to be replaced, without the need to replace the cooling device of the battery. Thus, it can achieve the rapid replacement of the vehicle's power battery and promote the development of the new energy vehicle industry.

[0006] The technical solution for achieving the first object of the present invention is as follows: A new battery power system for an electric vehicle with battery swapping, characterized in that it comprises a housing, a battery assembly, and a heat exchange device; the housing comprises a housing body, a replacement door device, and a first electrical connection device, and the first electrical connection device is electrically connected to the electrical system of the vehicle; the housing body is a hollow shell with at least one end opening, the replacement door device is fixed at the end opening, and the end opening is closed by the replacement door device; the battery assembly is located inside the housing, and the battery assembly enters and exits through the end opening. When the replacement door device is closed, the housing body and the replacement door device together form a closed shell; the battery assembly comprises batteries and an output device, and the output device is used for electrically connecting the battery assembly to the first electrical connection device; the heat exchange device is independent of the battery assembly, can be physically separated, and is independently fixed in the housing; the battery assembly can be replaced independently without disassembling the heat exchange device or other components.

[0007] For better technical effects, the technical features of the technical solution of the present invention can also be specifically the following technical features:

[0008] 1. The housing is a heat-insulating, waterproof, and explosion-proof shell.

[0009] 2. The housing comprises high-strength and heat-insulating materials, such as fiberglass, rock wool, or aluminum silicate materials, etc.

[0010] 3. The heat exchange device is arranged at the bottom and / or top inside the housing.

[0011] 4. The heat exchange device is a heat exchange plate or a combination of a heat exchange plate and other heat-conducting media. The heat-conducting media is between the heat exchange plate and the outer surface of the battery assembly, and the heat-conducting media is in close contact with the outer surface of the heat exchange plate.

[0012] 5. Further, a fluid channel is arranged inside the heat exchange plate, and the fluid channel is connected to the pipeline of the vehicle heat exchange system.

[0013] 6. Further, the heat-conducting media is one or a combination of two or more of a heat-conducting film, a heat-conducting sheet, or heat-conducting silica gel.

[0014] 7. The replacement door device is an explosion relief door.

[0015] 8. Further, the replacement door device comprises a replacement door, a sealing device, and a quick opening and closing locking mechanism, and the quick opening and closing locking mechanism is used for the connection and opening and closing of the replacement door and the housing body.

[0016] 9. The replacement door device further comprises a pressure relief device, and the pressure relief device is used to open the replacement door when the internal air pressure of the shell is too high.

[0017] The second object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle with battery swapping.

[0018] The technical solution of the battery swapping electric vehicle for achieving the second object of the present invention is as follows: A battery swapping electric vehicle includes an automobile and a power battery, and is characterized in that: the power battery is the new type of battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system for the first object of the present invention, the new type of battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system is fixed on the automobile, and its battery assembly is electrically connected to the electric system of the automobile.

[0019] A new type of battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system and a battery swapping electric vehicle applying the technical solution of the present invention have the following advantages: 1. The power battery system includes a housing, and the heat exchange device is fixed inside the housing. The battery heat exchange device is independent of and physically separated from the battery assembly, and the heat exchange device is independently fixed in the housing; the battery assembly can be independently replaced without disassembling other components, such as the heat exchange device, and without disconnecting and reconnecting the connecting device of the heat exchange device, avoiding damage to the heat exchange device caused by battery swapping and resulting in coolant leakage.

[0020] 2. No heat exchange device is provided on the battery assembly, which simplifies the structure of the battery assembly. When swapping the battery, only the battery assembly needs to be replaced, and there is no need to replace the heat exchange device of the battery assembly together, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing and battery swapping costs of the battery assembly and improving the system safety;

[0021] 3. No heat exchange device is provided on the battery assembly. When swapping the battery, there is no need to disassemble and assemble the heat exchange device, which reduces the battery swapping workload, shortens the battery swapping time, improves the battery swapping efficiency, and at the same time avoids damage to the heat exchange system caused by battery replacement, saves the operation and maintenance costs, and prolongs the service life of the heat exchange system.

[0022] 4. The battery fixing device is connected to the housing in a drawable manner, and the battery assembly can be quickly pushed in or pulled out through the end opening of the housing body, realizing the quick replacement of the battery assembly.

[0023] 5. By adopting the technical solution of the present invention, the battery assembly or battery module is charged centrally at the charging station, and then the fully charged battery assembly or module is transported to the battery swapping station for battery swapping. In this way, the charging station can charge the battery assembly or module according to the normal operating capacity or time sharing, avoiding the impact on the power grid caused by the uneven charging power when the existing charging station directly charges the automobile.

[0024] 6. The battery swapping electric vehicle of the present invention can conveniently replace the battery in a very short time, saving a lot of time compared with charging the automobile; in addition, when swapping the battery, a battery with good performance can be selected for replacement, reducing the cost of purchasing a new battery by oneself and the maintenance cost and time cost of the battery.

[0025] 7. In the existing charging mode for new energy vehicles, to meet the convenience of charging existing new energy vehicles, a large number of charging stations need to be built, with a large amount of capital and equipment invested. By adopting the technical solution of the present invention, only a small number of charging stations need to be built, and corresponding numbers of battery swapping stations are built as needed. The battery swapping stations do not need to have a charging function and only provide battery replacement and transportation. This can greatly save the investment, management, and maintenance costs of charging station equipment and effectively reduce the fire risk of charging stations and battery swapping stations.

[0026] 8. The replacement door device is an explosion vent door or has a pressure relief device for timely opening the replacement door device when the internal pressure of the body is too high to avoid explosion. Brief Description of the Drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a new battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system of the present invention

[0028] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the front view of the battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system shown

[0029] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the top view of the battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system shown

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the A - A view of the battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system shown

[0031] Figure 5 is Figure 1 、 4 the axonometric view of the heat exchange plate of the heat exchange device of the battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system shown in

[0032] Figure 6 is Figures 1-4 the axonometric view of the first embodiment of the battery assembly of the battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system shown in

[0033] Figure 7 is Figure 6 the installation and replacement schematic diagram of the battery assembly shown in

[0034] Figure 8 is Figures 1-4 the installation and replacement schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the battery assembly of the battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system shown in

[0035] Among 1-8, 100 is the power battery system of an electric vehicle with battery swapping, 1 is the outer shell, 11 is the outer shell body, 12 is the battery replacement door device, 13 is the first electrical connection device, 14 is the end opening, 121 is the replacement door, 122 is the sealing device, 123 is the quick opening and closing lock mechanism, 2 is the battery assembly, 21 is the battery, 22 is the output device, 23 is the battery fixing device, 3 is the heat exchange device, 31 is the heat exchange plate, 311 is the fluid channel, and 32 is the heat-conducting medium. Detailed implementation mode:

[0036] To better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following combines the attached Figures 1-8 A detailed description is given of an embodiment of a new type of power battery system for an electric vehicle with battery swapping according to the technical solution of the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment

[0038] Attached Figures 1-8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a new type of power battery system for an electric vehicle with battery swapping. The following combines the attached Figures 1-8 A detailed description is given of an embodiment of a new type of power battery system for an electric vehicle with battery swapping according to the technical solution of the present invention.

[0039] As Figures 1-4 shown, in this embodiment, a new type of power battery system for an electric vehicle with battery swapping includes a fully enclosed battery system 100 that is heat-insulating, waterproof, and explosion-proof. The battery system includes an outer shell 1, a battery assembly 2, and a heat exchange device 3. The outer shell 1 includes an outer shell body 11, a battery replacement door device 12, and a first electrical connection device 13. The outer shell body 11 is a hollow housing with at least one end opening 14. The battery replacement door device 12 is provided at the end opening of the outer shell body 11 and is rotatably connected to the outer shell body 11. When the battery replacement door device 12 is closed, the battery replacement door device 12 and the outer shell body 11 together form a closed housing. The battery assembly 2 is located inside the outer shell 1, and the battery assembly 2 enters and exits through the end opening 14. As shown in the figure, the battery replacement door device 12 includes a replacement door 121, a sealing device 122, and a quick opening and closing lock mechanism 123. When the battery replacement door device 12 is closed, the replacement door 121, the sealing device 122, the quick opening and closing lock mechanism 123, and the outer shell body form a sealed housing.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and 4As shown in the figure, the heat exchange device 3 is a combination of a heat exchange plate 31 and other heat-conducting media 32, and the heat-conducting media 32 is located between the heat exchange plate and the outer surface of the battery assembly 2. To improve the heat dissipation effect of the battery, generally, in practical applications, the heat-conducting media 32 is in close contact with the outer surface of the heat exchange plate 31 and the battery assembly 2. When only the heat exchange plate is used in the heat exchange device without the heat-conducting media 32, the heat exchange plate 31 is in close contact with the outer surface of the battery assembly 2 to improve the heat dissipation effect. However, the heat exchange device 3 and the battery assembly 2 are independent of each other, can be physically separated, and are independently fixed in the housing 1. The heat-conducting media is one or a combination of two or more of a heat-conducting film, a heat-conducting sheet, or heat-conducting silica gel, and the heat-conducting media is used to accelerate the heat transfer between the heat exchange plate and the battery assembly box body.

[0041] Figure 5 Yes Figure 1 And 4 An axonometric view of an embodiment of the heat exchange plate of the heat exchange device 3 of the novel battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system shown in Figure 5 As shown in the figure, a fluid channel 311 is provided inside the heat exchange plate 31 of the heat exchange device 3 in this embodiment. In practical applications, the fluid channel is connected to the pipeline of the vehicle heat exchange system (not shown in the figure).

[0042] In this embodiment, the heat exchange device 3 is provided at the bottom and / or top inside the housing. For better heat dissipation effect, in practical applications, the heat exchange device can also be provided on each inner side surface of the housing at the same time.

[0043] Such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the replacement door device 12 includes a replacement door 121, a sealing device 122, and a quick opening and closing locking mechanism 123. When the replacement door device 12 is closed, the replacement door 121, the sealing device 122, the quick opening and closing locking mechanism 123, and the housing main body form a sealed housing.

[0044] Preferably, the quick opening and closing locking mechanism 123 is one of a push-type mechanical lock, an electronic lock, a hydraulic lock, a pneumatic lock, or a combination of two or more.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first electrical connection device 13 is electrically connected to the electrical system of the vehicle (not shown in the attached drawings). The battery assembly 2 includes batteries 21 and an output device 22, and the output device 22 is used for electrically connecting the battery assembly 2 to the first electrical connection device 13.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first electrical connection device 13 and the output device 22 of the battery assembly are both mechanical plug-and-play electrical connection devices. In practical applications, it can also be an electrical connection device in a mechanical contact manner or other ways.

[0047] Preferably, in this embodiment, the housing 1 is a heat-insulating, waterproof and explosion-proof shell, which is made of high-strength and heat-insulating materials, such as fiberglass, rock wool material, aluminosilicate material, etc.

[0048] To better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following will be combined with the attached Figure 7 Briefly describe the installation and replacement steps of the battery assembly 2 in the power battery system described in this embodiment.

[0049] When the battery assembly needs to be installed, open the quick opening and closing mechanism 123 to open the replacement door device 12, place the battery assembly 2 in place in the housing main body, electrically connect the output device 22 to the first electrical connection device 13, and close the quick opening and closing mechanism 123 to close the replacement door device 12. The replacement door 121, the sealing device 122, and the quick opening and closing mechanism 123 form a closed housing with the housing main body, and the installation of the battery assembly 2 can be completed.

[0050] When the battery assembly needs to be replaced, open the replacement door device 12, disconnect the electrical connection between the output device 22 and the first electrical connection device 13, pull out the battery assembly 2, place the new battery assembly 2 in place in the housing main body, electrically connect the output device 22 to the first electrical connection device 13, and close the replacement door device 12, then the installation of the new battery assembly 2 can be completed, and thus the replacement of the battery assembly 2 is completed.

[0051] It can be seen that in the battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system described in the present invention, the battery assembly 2 can be independently replaced through the end opening 14 without disassembling the heat exchange device 3 or other components.

[0052] To avoid the danger caused by the increase in the pressure inside the housing due to overheating inside the battery system, a pressure relief device can be provided on the replacement door device 12, and the pressure relief device is used to open the replacement door when the internal air pressure is too high. A blast-proof door can also be selected as the replacement door device 12 to improve the safety of the battery system.

[0053] In practical applications, to facilitate the replacement of the battery assembly, the battery fixing device can be designed to be connected to the housing in a pull-out manner, and the battery assembly can be quickly pushed in or pulled out through the end opening of the housing main body to achieve rapid replacement of the battery assembly.

[0054] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following will be combined with the attached Figures 6-8 Briefly describe two embodiments of the battery assembly 2 in this implementation.

[0055] Figures 6-7 It is the axonometric view of the first embodiment of the battery assembly 2 in this implementation and the schematic diagram of the installation and replacement of the battery assembly, as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the battery set 2 includes a plurality of batteries 21, an output device 22, and a battery fixing device 23. All the batteries 21 are installed on and received by the battery fixing device 23. The battery 21 can be a single battery cell or a battery module including a plurality of battery cells. After the plurality of batteries 21 are electrically connected to each other or after the battery modules of the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected to each other, they are output by the output device 22. As Figure 7 shown in the figure, the battery set 2 is independently replaceable through the end opening 14 without disassembling the heat exchange device 3 or other components.

[0056] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the battery set 2 in this implementation. As Figure 8 shown in the figure, the battery set 2 includes a plurality of batteries 21 and an output device 22. The plurality of batteries 21 are divided into several groups, and each group of batteries includes a battery fixing device 23. The batteries 21 are installed on and received by the battery fixing device 23. The battery 21 can be a single battery cell or a battery module including a plurality of battery cells. Inside the battery set 2, the batteries in the same group are electrically connected to each other, and after the groups of batteries are electrically connected to each other, they are output by the output device 22. The output device 22 is used to electrically connect the battery set 2 to the first electrical connection device 13, and the first electrical connection device 13 is electrically connected to the electrical system of the vehicle. Each group of batteries can be individually installed in and withdrawn from the housing for replacement.

[0057] In practical applications, in order to better monitor the batteries, the battery set may further include a battery BMS auxiliary circuit. In this embodiment, the battery BMS auxiliary circuit and the series-parallel circuits inside the battery set are not shown in the drawings.

[0058] In the above embodiments of the battery system for a battery-swapping electric vehicle according to the present invention, the replacement door device 12 is installed at the end opening 12 of the housing main body 11 and is rotatably connected to the housing main body 11. The replacement door device 12 rotates to open and close. When the replacement door device 12 is closed, the replacement door device 12 and the housing main body 11 together form a closed housing.

[0059] The second object of the present invention is to provide a battery-swapping electric vehicle, including a vehicle and a power battery. The power battery is the novel battery system for a battery-swapping electric vehicle described in the first object of the present invention. The novel battery system for a battery-swapping electric vehicle is fixed on the vehicle, and its battery set is electrically connected to the electrical system of the vehicle.

[0060] Preferably, the housing of the novel battery system for a battery-swapping electric vehicle is constituted by a part of the vehicle body. The heat exchange device is independently fixed inside the housing. During battery swapping, only the battery set needs to be replaced, and there is no need to remove the heat exchange device or other components.

[0061] The power battery system of the battery swapping electric vehicle described in the technical solution of the present invention can be widely applied to electric vehicles. The electric vehicle can be a generalized vehicle, including vehicles powered by batteries or dual power sources of battery and fuel, such as electric or hybrid cars, tricycles, transport trucks, sanitation vehicles, and can also be used in other vehicles that require electricity, such as electric bicycles, etc.

[0062] For the novel power battery system of the battery swapping electric vehicle described in the present invention, its battery can be conveniently replaced individually, and there is no need to replace or disassemble and install the battery heat exchange device simultaneously, which is convenient for battery swapping. Its popularization and application will provide a brand-new charging-battery swapping mode for the energy supply of new energy vehicles and promote the development of new energy vehicles into a new stage. At the same time, the power battery system is a fully enclosed battery system that is heat-insulating, waterproof and explosion-proof, which can reduce safety accidents caused by battery spontaneous combustion and reduce casualties and vehicle losses.

Claims

1. A new power battery system for an electric vehicle with battery swapping, characterized in that: It includes a housing (1), a battery pack (2) and a heat exchange device (3); the housing (1) includes a housing body (11), a replacement door device (12) and a first electrical connection device (13), and the first electrical connection device (13) is electrically connected to the electrical system of the vehicle; the housing body (11) is a hollow shell with at least one end opening (14), the replacement door device (12) is fixed at the end opening, and the end opening (14) is closed by the replacement door device (12); the battery pack (2) is inside the housing (1), and the battery pack (2) enters and exits through the end opening (14). When the replacement door device (12) is closed, the housing body (11) and the replacement door device (12) together form a closed shell; the battery pack (2) includes batteries (21) and an output device (22), and the output device (22) is used for electrically connecting the battery pack (2) to the first electrical connection device (13); the heat exchange device (3) is independent of the battery pack (2), can be physically separated, and is independently fixed in the housing (1); the battery pack (2) can be replaced independently without disassembling the heat exchange device (3) or other components.

2. The novel battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The housing (1) is a heat-insulating, waterproof and explosion-proof shell.

3. The novel power battery system for battery swapping electric vehicles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The housing (1) includes high-strength and heat-insulating materials, such as fiberglass, rock wool material, aluminosilicate material, etc.

4. The novel power battery system for battery swapping electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange device (3) is arranged at the bottom and / or top of the inner side of the housing.

5. The novel power battery system for battery swapping electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange device is a heat exchange plate (31) or a combination of the heat exchange plate (31) and other heat-conducting media (32). The heat-conducting media (32) is between the heat exchange plate and the outer surface of the battery pack, and the heat-conducting media (32) is in close contact with the outer surface of the heat exchange plate (31).

6. The novel battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system according to claim 5, wherein: A fluid channel (311) is arranged inside the heat exchange plate (31), and the fluid channel is connected to the pipeline of the vehicle heat exchange system.

7. The novel power battery system for an electric vehicle with battery swapping as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The heat-conducting media is one or a combination of two or more of a heat-conducting film, a heat-conducting sheet or heat-conducting silica gel.

8. The novel battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system according to claim 1, wherein: The replacement door device (12) is an explosion relief door.

9. The novel power battery system for an electric vehicle with battery swapping as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The replacement door device (12) includes a replacement door (121), a sealing device (122) and a quick opening and closing locking mechanism (123), and the quick opening and closing locking mechanism (123) is used for the connection and opening and closing of the replacement door (121) and the housing body (11).

10. The novel power battery system for an electric vehicle with battery swapping as claimed in claim 9, wherein: The replacement door device (12) further includes a pressure relief device, and the pressure relief device is used to open the replacement door (121) when the air pressure inside the shell is too high.

11. An electric vehicle with battery swapping, comprising a vehicle and a power battery, characterized in that: The power battery is the new battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system described in claims 1-10, and the new battery swapping electric vehicle power battery system is fixed on the vehicle.

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