Prestressed anchor cable device with adjustable mechanical expansion head

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering equipment, in particular to an adjustable mechanical expansion head pre-stressed anchor cable device which comprises an end pipe, an expansion disc, a sleeve, an anchorage device and an anchorage device II, the top of the sleeve is connected with the anchorage device II, the side wall of the bottom of the sleeve is connected with the top of the end pipe through a self-locking flange mechanism, and the anchorage device is arranged in the end pipe. The anchorage device is connected with the bottom of the sleeve, the two side walls of the bottom of the end pipe are each connected with the end of one expansion disc, the two expansion discs are arranged in an included angle mode, the bottoms of the two expansion discs are arranged on the same horizontal plane, the expansion discs are connected to the end pipe, the sectional area of the anchor head position in the device is increased, and the anti-pressure capacity of the device can be fully exerted; the deformation of the anchor head is extremely small, and the anti-pulling bearing capacity and the prestress reliability of a single anchor cable device are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering equipment, and particularly relates to an adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device. Background Art

[0002] An anchor cable is a commonly used reinforcement and support structure in geotechnical engineering, mainly used to improve the stability and bearing capacity of structures such as slopes, foundation pits, tunnels, and underground projects, as well as anti-floating components in foundation engineering. The anchor cable transfers the load to the deep and stable strata through prestress, mainly using the adhesive force between the soil layer and the anchor solid of the anchor rod to bear the tensile force of the anchor cable, while the greater soil end bearing capacity is usually only utilized under compressive working conditions and less utilized under uplift working conditions.

[0003] However, there are still deficiencies in the prior art. For example, an anchor cable with the patent number: CN201720373362.4. The anchor cable includes an anchor cable frame and an anchor cable body. The anchor cable body is arranged in the anchor cable frame. The anchor cable body includes steel strands, and multiple strands of steel strands form the anchor cable body. The anchor cable body includes a free section and an internal anchorage section. The free section and the internal anchorage section are connected. The internal anchorage section includes a fastening ring and an expansion ring. The fastening ring is arranged on the relatively outer periphery of multiple strands of steel strands, and multiple strands of steel strands penetrate the expansion ring. This device belongs to a traditional equal-diameter anchor rod, and its uplift bearing capacity is controlled by the bond strength between the anchor solid and the soil, resulting in a reduced uplift bearing capacity and prone to deformation causing prestress loss. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device to solve the situation proposed in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device includes: a head pipe, an expansion disc, a casing, an anchor and an anchor II. The top of the casing is connected to the anchor II. The bottom side wall of the casing is connected to the top of the head pipe through a self-locking flange mechanism. An anchor is arranged inside the head pipe, and the anchor is connected to the bottom of the casing. The ends of two expansion discs are respectively connected to the two side walls at the bottom of the head pipe. The two expansion discs are arranged at an angle, and the bottoms of the two expansion discs are both on a horizontal plane.

[0006] Preferably, the anchor includes: a metal bearing disc and a bottom anchor. The bottom of the casing is connected to the top of the metal bearing disc, and the bottom of the metal bearing disc is connected to the top of the bottom anchor.

[0007] Preferably, anti-corrosion materials are coated on both the metal bearing disc and the bottom anchor.

[0008] Preferably, the anchor II includes: a backing plate and a top anchor. The top of the casing is connected to the bottom of the backing plate, and the top of the backing plate is connected to the bottom of the top anchor.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of steel strands are provided inside the casing. The top of the steel strand is connected to the bottom of the backing plate, and the bottom of the steel strand placed inside the end pipe is connected to the top of the metal pressure-bearing disc.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes: a high-pressure grouting pipe. The backing plate and the top anchor are connected with a high-pressure grouting pipe. The top of the high-pressure grouting pipe is arranged above the top anchor, and the bottom of the high-pressure grouting pipe is placed inside the casing.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the high-pressure grouting pipe is connected to the top of the metal grouting pipe. The metal grouting pipe is connected to the metal pressure-bearing disc and the bottom anchor. The bottom of the metal grouting pipe is arranged below the bottom anchor. A plurality of post-grouting outlet holes are formed through the inner wall of the end pipe, and the post-grouting outlet holes are arranged below the metal grouting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, an epoxy coating is applied both inside and outside the metal grouting pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the epoxy coating is 220 - 250 μm.

[0014] Preferably, the specific material of the high-pressure grouting pipe is rubber.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] In the solution of the present invention:

[0017] By connecting an expansion disc to the end pipe, the cross-sectional area at the anchor head position in the device is increased, and its compressive capacity can be fully exerted. The deformation amount of the anchor head is extremely small, greatly improving the anti-pulling bearing capacity and the reliability of the prestress of the single-strand anchor cable device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the main structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the conduit structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the installation shell of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the blade and the rubber friction block of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the meshing connection relationship between the rack and the gear of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the meshing connection relationship between the toothed ring and the second gear of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the meshing connection relationship between the third gear and the second rack of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the pressure column and the compression spring of the present invention.

[0026] Wherein: end pipe 1, expansion disc 2, casing 3, anchor 4, metal pressure-bearing disc 5, bottom anchor 6, second anchor 7, backing plate 8, top anchor 9, high-pressure grouting pipe 10, metal grouting pipe 11, post-grouting outlet hole 12, conduit 13, mounting shell 14, spring 15, pressure rod 16, inclined plane 17, connecting rod 18, rack 19, gear 20, ball valve 21, spherical shell 22, drain pipe 23, drain hole 24, filtering mechanism 25, filter screen 26, second rotating shaft 27, paddle 28, rubber friction block 29, mounting disc 30, slurry discharge hole 31, second mounting disc 32, second slurry discharge hole 33, tooth ring 34, second gear 35, bevel gear 36, third rotating shaft 37, second mounting shell 38, fourth rotating shaft 39, locking mechanism 40, third gear 41, second rack 42, third mounting disc 43, pressure tank 44, second spring 45, piston 46, screw rod 47, hydraulic pipe 48, pressure column 49, compression spring 50, mounting ring 51, steel strand 52. Specific embodiments

[0027] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figures 1-8 , an adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device, comprising: an end pipe 1, an expansion disc 2, a casing 3, an anchor 4 and a second anchor 7. The top of the casing 3 is connected to the second anchor 7, the bottom side wall of the casing 3 is connected to the top of the end pipe 1 through a self-locking flange mechanism in the prior art, the anchor 4 is arranged inside the end pipe 1, the anchor 4 is connected to the bottom of the casing 3, the ends of two expansion discs 2 are respectively connected to both side walls at the bottom of the end pipe 1, the two expansion discs 2 are arranged at an angle, and the bottoms of the two expansion discs 2 are both on a horizontal plane.

[0029] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0030] The top of the second anchor 7 is above the ground, and its bottom is in contact with the ground. The top and bottom of the casing 3 are respectively used to connect the second anchor 7 and the anchor 4. The bottom side wall of the casing 3 is connected to the top of the end pipe 1 through a self-locking flange mechanism in the prior art. The ends of two expansion discs 2 are respectively connected to both side walls of the end pipe 1. The two expansion discs 2 are arranged at an angle. The casing 3, the anchor 4, the end pipe 1 and the expansion discs 2 are all buried underground. Compared with the anchor cable devices in the prior art,

[0031] The end pipe 1 and the expansion disk 2 are specifically a prefabricated structure. When manufacturing the device, the included angle between the two expansion disks 2 can be adjusted based on the type of formation to increase the adaptability to different formations.

[0032] By connecting the expansion disk 2 to the end pipe 1, the cross-sectional area at the anchor head position in the device is increased, enabling its compressive capacity to be fully exerted. The deformation of the anchor head is extremely small, greatly improving the anti-pulling bearing capacity and the reliability of the prestress of a single cable anchor device.

[0033] The size of the anchor head can be adjusted, that is, by installing expansion disks 2 of different sizes on the end pipe 1, and at the same time, the included angle between the two expansion disks 2 can be adjusted, making the device applicable to various formations with different densities and having extremely strong practicability.

[0034] Example Two: Refer to Figures 1-8 , the anchor 4 includes: a metal bearing plate 5 and a bottom anchor 6. The bottom of the casing 3 is connected to the top of the metal bearing plate 5, and the bottom of the metal bearing plate 5 is connected to the top of the bottom anchor 6.

[0035] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0036] The bottom of the casing 3 is connected to the top of the metal bearing plate 5. The metal bearing plate 5 is used to seal the bottom of the casing 3, can also withstand the pressure from the formation, and at the same time can provide an installation position for the anchor 6. The anchor 6 can increase the structural strength of the device itself, generate pre-compressive stress in the structure, and offset the tensile stress caused by the external load.

[0037] Example Three: Refer to Figures 1-8 , an anticorrosive material is applied to both the metal bearing plate 5 and the bottom anchor 6.

[0038] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0039] An anticorrosive material is applied to the metal bearing plate 5 and the bottom anchor 6. The anticorrosive material can be a rust-proof paint or an epoxy resin coating or an anodic protection coating, etc. in the prior art. The setting of the anticorrosive material can prevent the occurrence of rust on the metal bearing plate 5 and the bottom anchor 6, further extend the structural strength and service life of the metal bearing plate 5 and the bottom anchor 6, and thus increase the safety of the device during use.

[0040] Example Four: Refer to Figures 1-8 , the second anchor 7 includes: a backing plate 8 and a top anchor 9. The top of the casing 3 is connected to the bottom of the backing plate 8, and the top of the backing plate 8 is connected to the bottom of the top anchor 9.

[0041] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0042] The backing plate 8 connected to the top of the casing 3 can increase the contact area between the device and the ground, further protecting the ground. The backing plate 8 can maintain the verticality of the overall device. The top anchor 9 can fix the overall cable anchor device and transfer the prestress to the structure, while preventing the cable anchor device from slipping. The top anchor 9 and the bottom anchor 6 have the same structure, and their specific model is: KM15-1860 type.

[0043] Example Five: Refer to Figures 1-8 , multiple strands of steel strands 52 are coated on the side wall of the casing 3. The top of the steel strands 52 is connected to the bottom of the backing plate 8, and the bottom of the steel strands 52 is connected to the top of the self-locking flange mechanism.

[0044] Multiple strands of steel strands 52 are arranged inside the casing 3. The top of the steel strands 52 is connected to the bottom of the backing plate 8, and the bottom of the steel strands 52 placed inside the end pipe 1 is connected to the top of the metal pressure-bearing plate 5.

[0045] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0046] The top of the steel strands 52 arranged inside the casing 3 is connected to the bottom of the backing plate 8, and the bottom of the steel strands 52 is connected to the top of the metal pressure-bearing plate 5. The arrangement of the steel strands 52 enhances the structural strength of the device. When the device is grouted or after the grouting is completed, it can prevent the pressure applied by the grouting body at both ends inside the casing 3 from being too large, resulting in the phenomenon of slurry leakage from the device;

[0047] At the same time, the arrangement of the steel strands 52 can evenly distribute the load. The steel strands 52 can evenly distribute the load to the casing 3 and the grouting body, avoiding local stress concentration, improving the overall bearing capacity of the device. At the same time, the elastic properties of the steel strands 52 can absorb and disperse the load to a certain extent, improving the plastic deformation ability of the casing 3 and the grouting body, and reducing the risk of brittle failure.

[0048] Example Six: Refer to Figures 1-8 , further including: a high-pressure grouting pipe 10. The high-pressure grouting pipe 10 is connected to the backing plate 8 and the top anchor 9. The top of the high-pressure grouting pipe 10 is arranged above the top anchor 9, and the bottom of the high-pressure grouting pipe 10 is placed inside the casing 3.

[0049] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0050] The high-pressure grouting pipe 10 is connected to the backing plate 8 and the top anchor 9, and its top is arranged above the top anchor 9, which is conducive to the connection between the high-pressure grouting pipe 10 and the grouting device.

[0051] Example Seven: Refer to Figures 1-8, the bottom of the high-pressure grouting pipe 10 is connected to the top of the metal grouting pipe 11. The metal grouting pipe 11 is connected to the metal bearing plate 5 and the bottom anchor 6. The bottom of the metal grouting pipe 11 is arranged below the bottom anchor 6. A plurality of post-grouting outlet holes 12 are formed through the inner wall of the end pipe 1, and the post-grouting outlet holes 12 are arranged below the metal grouting pipe 11.

[0052] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0053] The bottom of the high-pressure grouting pipe 10 is connected with the metal grouting pipe 11. The metal grouting pipe 11 can guide the slurry in the high-pressure grouting pipe 10 into the end pipe 1, and then pour it into the formation through the post-grouting outlet holes 12. The post-grouting outlet holes 12 cooperate with the bottom of the end pipe 1 to pour the slurry synchronously, which can increase the reinforcement range and improve the stress distribution after grouting. At the same time, the grouting can be completed more quickly.

[0054] Example eight: Refer to Figures 1-8 , an epoxy coating is applied to both the inside and outside of the metal grouting pipe 11.

[0055] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0056] An epoxy coating is applied to both the inside and outside of the metal grouting pipe 11. The epoxy coating is composed of epoxy resin and curing agent in the prior art. After the epoxy coating is applied to the metal grouting pipe 11, the mechanical properties of the metal grouting pipe 11 itself can be increased. Since the epoxy coating has high hardness and wear resistance, it can protect the surface of the metal grouting pipe 11 from abrasion and scratching, and maintain its integrity during grouting. At the same time, the epoxy coating can absorb and disperse the impact force generated by the flow of the slurry, reducing the physical damage to the metal grouting pipe 11 during grouting;

[0057] Since the coating contains epoxy resin, the fluidity of the slurry can be improved, preventing the phenomenon of the slurry blocking the metal grouting pipe 11 during grouting. At the same time, since the epoxy coating can effectively resist the erosion of chemical substances, it can prevent the corrosion of the metal grouting pipe 11 by corrosive substances such as acids, alkalis, and salts in the formation and slurry after grouting, further ensuring the integrity of the metal grouting pipe 11, making the slurry and the metal grouting pipe 11 perfectly bonded together, and assisting in increasing the overall anti-pulling ability of the device.

[0058] Example nine: Refer to Figures 1-8 , the thickness of the epoxy coating is 220 - 250 μm.

[0059] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0060] Since the thickness of the epoxy coating is 220 - 250 μm, it can greatly reduce the complexity of the metal grouting pipe 11 during the application of the epoxy coating, improve the processing efficiency, and can cure rapidly at room temperature, accelerating the manufacturing efficiency of the device.

[0061] Example Ten: Refer to Figures 1-8 , and the specific material of the high-pressure grouting pipe 10 is rubber.

[0062] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0063] The manufacturing material of the high-pressure grouting pipe 10 is selected as rubber. While being able to withstand high pressure, it is convenient to connect and seal it with the metal grouting pipe 11, ensuring the safety of the device during grouting; at the same time, during grouting, the high-pressure grouting pipe 10 made of rubber can absorb the vibration generated during the flow of the slurry, which can not only reduce noise but also protect the pipeline 3 and the grouting equipment.

[0064] Example Eleven: Refer to Figures 1-8 , and the input ends of a plurality of conduits 13 are connected to the side wall of the end pipe 1. Each conduit 13 is concentrically arranged with a post-grouting outlet hole 12, and the output end of the conduit 13 is arranged away from the side wall of the end pipe 1.

[0065] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0066] The connection between the conduit 13 and the end pipe 1 further increases the volume of the end pipe 1 in the formation, and thus increases the overall anti-pulling capacity of the anchor cable. Since each conduit 13 is concentrically arranged with a post-grouting outlet hole 12, the conduit 13 can further guide the slurry injected into the formation, improving the directivity of the slurry flow and facilitating the increase of the bonding effect between the slurry and the formation.

[0067] Example Twelve: Refer to Figures 1-8, an installation shell 14 is connected to the conduit 13. The installation shell 14 is arranged near the input end of the conduit 13. The top wall of the installation shell 14 is connected to the top end of a spring 15. The bottom end of the spring 15 is connected to the top end of a pressure rod 16. The pressure rod 16 is slidably connected to the conduit 13. An inclined surface 17 is provided at the bottom end of the pressure rod 16 placed inside the conduit 13. The inclined surface 17 faces the input end of the conduit 13. An end of a connecting rod 18 is connected to the side of the pressure rod 16. The other end of the connecting rod 18 is connected to the side of a rack 19. The other side of the rack 19 is meshed and connected to a gear 20. The gear 20 is installed at the end of a rotating shaft. The other end of the rotating shaft is connected to a ball valve 21. The ball valve 21 is rotatably sealed inside a spherical shell 22. The rotating shaft is rotatably sealed with the spherical shell 22. The spherical shell 22 is connected to a drain pipe 23. The bottom of the drain pipe 23 is connected to the top wall of the conduit 13. The top of the drain pipe 23 is placed above the installation shell 14. A drain hole 24 is penetrated through the ball valve 21. The drain hole 24 is communicated with the drain pipe 23. A filtering mechanism 25 is connected to the bottom of the drain pipe 23. The inner wall of the output end of the conduit 13 is connected to the side wall of a diversion ring.

[0068] The principle of the above solution is as follows:

[0069] When the mud starts to be injected, the content of solid substances in the mud will suddenly decrease. The solid substances are specifically clay. The reasons for the decrease in the proportion of solid substances and the increase in water content include: low viscosity of clay, low colloid rate, poor water retention, impurities in the mixing water, and uneven mixing, etc. Therefore, when the mud head flows out from the post-grouting outlet hole 12, it will cause a sharp increase in the proportion of water in the mud. After the mud enters the conduit 13, most of the water will enter the drain pipe 23. The other part of the water can be input into the formation through the diversion ring at the output end of the conduit 13 to soften the formation. The diversion ring is a ring structure, and its purpose is to limit the flow rate of the mud in the conduit 13. At this time, the drain hole 24 on the ball valve 21 is in communication with the drain pipe 23. Therefore, the water will flow out through the drain pipe 23. At this time, the top of the drain pipe 23 is set on the ground and connected to the recovery mechanism. The recovery mechanism is a recovery tank or a recovery pipeline in the prior art. Therefore, most of the water will enter the recovery mechanism. The operator on the ground confirms that the water content of the mud is too high by observing the underground water return volume, analyzes the specific problems based on the reasons for the decrease in the proportion of solid substances, and adjusts the water content and the clay proportion in the subsequently injected mud to prevent the failure of the reinforcement caused by the continuous injection of high-water-content mud into the formation;

[0070] After the solids in the subsequent mud flow into the conduit 13, since the ratio of the solids to water in the mud returns to the design value, the viscosity of the mud in the conduit 13 increases, which in turn causes the pressure on the inclined plane 17 to increase. The height of the pressure rod 16 rises and compresses the spring 15. The upward-moving pressure rod 16 drives the connecting rod 18 to move upward synchronously. The connecting rod 18 drives the rack 19 to move upward. At the same time, the engaged gear 20 rotates clockwise. The gear 20 drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the ball valve 21 to rotate within the spherical shell 22. The drain hole 24 and the drain pipe 23 end the conduction. The conduit 13 resumes the normal mud supply to the formation and prevents the mud from returning to the ground.

[0071] When a mechanical failure or operation error occurs during mud injection, resulting in an increase in the proportion of water in the mud again, the pressure on the inclined plane 17 decreases. Under the elastic force of the spring 15 during reset, the pressure rod 16 descends and resets. At the same time, the connecting rod 18 and the rack 19 descend and reset. The gear 20 rotates counterclockwise and resets. The drain hole 24 and the drain pipe 23 are conducted again. The device discharges the excess water again until the ratio of water to solids is restored, and then the drain hole 24 and the drain pipe 23 end the conduction to complete the drainage.

[0072] The beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0073] During grouting, a large amount of water is contained in the head of the mud output by the device. Therefore, by setting the drain pipe 23, most of the water can be discharged into the recovery mechanism, which can not only avoid waste of water resources, but also prevent the formation collapse caused by a sharp increase in the water content in the mud, prevent the grip of the formation on the anchor cable device from decreasing, and avoid the decrease in the pull-out resistance of the anchor cable device. At the same time, the water returned to the ground can be used to confirm that the water content of the currently injected mud is too high, and the injected mud can be processed in time to ensure the reinforcement quality.

[0074] The small amount of water discharged through the conduit 13 can soften the formation to a certain extent, reduce the grouting pressure, improve the fluidity of the solids in the subsequent mud in the formation, more accurately control the viscosity and water loss of the mud, ensure the reinforcement ability of the mud. This part of pre-injected water can make the soil particles in the formation better combine with the anchor cable and grouting materials, improve the grip and anchoring effect between the anchor cable and the formation, enhance the overall reinforcement effect. Since this part of pre-injected water can reduce the grouting pressure, it reduces the load of the grouting device during grouting, further expands the selection range of different types of grouting devices, and greatly reduces the difficulty of anchor cable reinforcement.

[0075] The pressure rod 16 can drive the connecting rod 18, the rack 19, the gear 20, the rotating shaft and the ball valve 21 to work. When the pressure on the inclined plane 17 increases, it can drive the pressure rod 16 to move upward. After the pressure on the inclined plane 17 decreases, under the action of the restoring elastic force of the spring 15, it drives the pressure rod 16 to reset. Therefore, the mechanism greatly improves the self-adjusting ability of the device, reduces the self-control ability of the anchor cable device buried underground, and is convenient for ending drainage in time after the ratio of water to solids in the slurry returns to normal, avoiding part of the slurry from being discharged outside the device, greatly improving the rationality of the device during operation. When the grouting device has a working abnormality or an operation error, the device can also perform the drainage action again until the drainage ends, improving the self-working ability of the device;

[0076] When the slurry in the conduit 13 flows normally, the pressure rod 16 can break up the lumps of solids in the slurry to prevent the over-sized solids from blocking the conduit 13;

[0077] Since the water content of the slurry will increase due to mechanical failures or operation errors during slurry reinforcement, for low-permeability formations, the position of the already grouted slurry will significantly impede the sudden increase in water flow. Therefore, the pressure in the conduit 13 increases, and the opening of the drain pipe 23 can quickly discharge the water. For high-permeability formations, the hindrance to the sudden increase in water flow is not obvious. Therefore, when the device grouts the formation, the inner diameter size of the guide ring at the output end of the conduit 13 can be selected according to the actual geological conditions, so as to ensure that when there is excess water in the device again, the pressure of the slurry in the conduit 13 increases and it can drain smoothly through the drain pipe 23;

[0078] The setting of the guide ring can not only prevent the slurry input into the formation from flowing too fast and damaging the formation, but also cooperate with the already reinforced formation to restrict the water flow in the conduit 13 when there is excess water during grouting, increase the pressure in the conduit 13 to achieve rapid drainage, and the rapid drainage can also avoid a large amount of solids from flowing out in the conduit 13, further ensuring the rationality of the device during operation and preventing the failure of slurry reinforcement.

[0079] Embodiment Thirteen: Refer to Figures 1-8 , the filtering mechanism 25 includes: a filter screen 26, a rotating shaft two 27, paddle blades 28 and rubber friction blocks 29. The inner wall of the bottom of the drain pipe 23 is connected with a filter screen 26. A rotating shaft two 27 is rotatably connected to the filter screen 26. The side wall of the rotating shaft two 27 is connected to the side parts of a plurality of paddle blades 28. The top of the paddle blades 28 is connected to the bottom of the rubber friction blocks 29. The top of the rubber friction blocks 29 is in frictional cooperation with the bottom of the filter screen 26.

[0080] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0081] During the process of draining the mud head by the device, most of the water can enter the drain pipe 23 through the filter screen 26 and be discharged. The flowing mud can cause the second rotating shaft 27 and the paddle 28 to rotate. The rotation of the paddle 28 drives the synchronous rotation of the rubber friction block 29. The rubber friction block 29 is in frictional cooperation with the bottom of the filter screen 26, which can prevent the solids in the mud from clogging the filter screen 26, thereby preventing the occurrence of drainage failure;

[0082] When the conduit 13 is about to finish draining again, some solids will be blocked by the filter screen 26 driven by the water flow. The rotating rubber friction block 29 can clean the solids accumulated on the filter screen 26 to prepare for the next smooth drainage;

[0083] The purpose of setting the filter screen 26 is that when the water content in the mud surges, a large amount of water is discharged. At this time, there are two water flow directions. One water flow direction is parallel to the radial direction of the conduit 13, and the other water flow direction is parallel to the axis of the conduit 13. And at this time, the solid content of the mud in the water is small. While draining water, most of the water passing through the filter screen 26 is water and a small part is clay. The clay itself will break and pass through the filter screen 26 driven by the water flow. The rock debris in the clay will be cleaned by the rotation of the rubber friction block 29 connected to the top of the rotating paddle 28. When there are relatively large rock debris, the rubber friction block 29 will deform. Then, under the action of its reset, it will drive the filter screen 26 to vibrate, thereby completing the cleaning of the rock debris and avoiding the phenomenon of blockage of the filter screen 26. When the drain pipe 23 is closed, the mud flowing in the conduit 13 will not only continue to drive the friction rubber block 29 to rotate, but also its flow will reduce the pressure on the surface of the filter screen 26. Under the dual action of the two, the cleaning of the filter screen 26 is further realized.

[0084] Example 14: Refer to Figures 1-8 , a mounting plate 30 is connected to the inner wall of the conduit 13. A plurality of slurry discharge holes 31 are formed in the mounting plate 30. A second mounting plate 32 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the conduit 13. One side of the second mounting plate 32 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 30. A plurality of second slurry discharge holes 33 are formed in the second mounting plate 32. Each second slurry discharge hole 33 is arranged staggeredly with a slurry discharge hole 31. The mounting plate 30 and the second mounting plate 32 are arranged between the input end of the conduit 13 and the mounting shell 14. The other side of the second mounting plate 32 is connected to the adjusting mechanism.

[0085] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0086] The mounting disc 30 is connected to the inner wall of the conduit 13. One side of the mounting disc 30 is rotatably connected to the second mounting disc 32, and the second mounting disc 32 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the conduit 13. The second slurry discharge holes 33 are arranged staggered with the slurry discharge holes 31. When the slurry flows, the second slurry discharge holes 33 and the slurry discharge holes 31 can restrict the flow of the slurry. When there are relatively large solid substances in the slurry, the solid substances can first pass through the second slurry discharge holes 33 and then through the slurry discharge holes 31. The edges of the second slurry discharge holes 33 and the slurry discharge holes 31 can damage the solid substances, preventing the relatively large solid substances from blocking the conduit 13.

[0087] Example 15: Refer to Figures 1-8 , the adjusting mechanism includes: a gear ring 34, a second gear 35, a bevel gear 36, a second bevel gear, a third rotating shaft 37, a second mounting shell 38 and a fourth rotating shaft 39. The end of the gear ring 34 is connected to the other side of the second mounting disc 32. The gear ring 34 is meshed with the second gear 35. The second gear 35 is installed at the end of the fourth rotating shaft 39. The fourth rotating shaft 39 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the conduit 13. The other end of the fourth rotating shaft 39 is connected to the bevel gear 36. The bevel gear 36 is meshed with the second bevel gear. The second bevel gear is connected to the end of the third rotating shaft 37. The third rotating shaft 37 is rotatably connected to the conduit 13. The side wall of the conduit 13 is connected with the second mounting shell 38. The third rotating shaft 37 is rotatably connected to the second mounting shell 38. The other end of the third rotating shaft 37 is placed outside the second mounting shell 38. The third rotating shaft 37 is connected to the locking mechanism 40 inside the second mounting shell 38.

[0088] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0089] Due to different geological conditions of the formation, slurries with different fluidities need to be selected. When the fluidity of the slurry is low, that is, when the viscosity of the slurry is high, the locking mechanism 40 is opened. Rotate the third rotating shaft 37 clockwise. The second bevel gear rotates clockwise. The meshed bevel gear 36 rotates counterclockwise. The fourth rotating shaft 39 drives the second gear 35 to rotate counterclockwise. The gear ring 34 meshed with the second gear 35 rotates clockwise. The second mounting disc 32 rotates clockwise. The conduction area between the second slurry discharge holes 33 and the slurry discharge holes 31 increases. After the adjustment is completed, the locking mechanism 40 is closed;

[0090] When the fluidity of the slurry is high, that is, when the viscosity of the slurry is low, the locking mechanism 40 is opened. Rotate the third rotating shaft 37 counterclockwise. The second bevel gear rotates counterclockwise. The meshed bevel gear 36 rotates clockwise. The fourth rotating shaft 39 drives the second gear 35 to rotate clockwise. The gear ring 34 meshed with the second gear 35 rotates counterclockwise. The second mounting disc 32 rotates counterclockwise. The conduction area between the second slurry discharge holes 33 and the slurry discharge holes 31 decreases. After the adjustment is completed, the locking mechanism 40 is closed;

[0091] The setting of the adjusting mechanism can avoid the pressure loss of the slurry in the pipeline, improve the formation grouting efficiency, and avoid the bursting damage of the pipeline structure caused by excessive pressure during grouting;

[0092] In addition, the lower pressure loss helps the slurry to be more evenly distributed in the formation pores around the anchor cable device, reducing the possibility of uneven slurry flow or blockage, thereby improving the overall quality of grouting and the fixing effect of the anchor rod.

[0093] Example 16: Refer to Figures 1-8 , the locking mechanism 40 includes: gear three 41, rack two 42, mounting plate three 43, pressure tank 44, spring two 45, piston 46, screw rod 47, push rod and hydraulic pipe 48. A gear three 41 is connected to the rotating shaft three 37. The gear three 41 is meshed and connected with the rack two 42. The end of the rack two 42 is connected to the top of the mounting plate three 43 by bolts. The mounting plate three 43 is connected to the end of the push rod. The push rod is slidably connected to the end of the pressure tank 44 in the mounting shell two 38. The other end of the push rod is connected with a piston 46. The piston 46 is slidably sealed with the pressure tank 44. A spring two 45 is connected between the side wall of the piston 46 and the inner wall of the pressure tank 44. A pressure chamber is formed between the other side wall of the piston 46 and the inner wall of the pressure tank 44. Hydraulic oil is injected into the pressure chamber. The other side wall of the piston 46 is in contact and cooperation with the end of the screw rod 47. The screw rod 47 is threadedly connected to the other end of the pressure tank 44. The other end of the screw rod 47 is placed outside the pressure tank 44. The end of the hydraulic pipe 48 is connected to the inner wall of the pressure chamber. The hydraulic pipe 48 passes through to the end of the mounting shell two 38 and is connected to the driving mechanism.

[0094] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0095] When it is necessary to rotate the rotating shaft three 37, the bolt can be unscrewed to separate the rack two 42 from the mounting plate three 43, and at the same time, the meshing connection between the rack two 42 and the gear three 41 is ended;

[0096] After the rotation of the rotating shaft three 37 is ended, the rack two 42 is connected to the mounting plate three 43 again through the bolt, and at the same time, the rack two 42 and the gear three 41 are restored to the meshing connection. Since the mounting plate three 43 is installed on the push rod, and since hydraulic oil is injected into the pressure chamber, when the volume of the pressure chamber without hydraulic oil increases, the position of the piston 46 will not change. Therefore, the positions of the push rod and the mounting plate three 43 will not change. Furthermore, the gear three 41 can be locked by the rack two 42, and thus the locking of the rotating shaft three 37 can be realized, and the conduction area between the slurry discharge holes two 33 and the slurry discharge holes 31 can be prevented from changing;

[0097] When the pressure at the output end of the conduit 13 instantaneously increases, the driving mechanism causes the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pipe 48 to flow into the pressure chamber, applying pressure to the piston 46. The piston 46 moves leftward, driving the push rod to move leftward. The third mounting plate 43 and the second rack 42 move leftward, causing the third gear 41 to rotate counterclockwise, driving the third rotating shaft 37 to rotate counterclockwise. Finally, the conduction area between the second slurry discharge holes 33 and the slurry discharge holes 31 is reduced, decreasing the volume of the slurry flowing into the output end of the conduit 13, preventing structural damage caused by the excessively high instantaneous pressure at the output end of the conduit 13 and also preventing the formation from being damaged due to excessive slurry pressure. After the pressure inside the output end of the conduit 13 decreases, the hydraulic oil flows back into the hydraulic pipe 48 from the pressure chamber, and the conduction area between the second slurry discharge holes 33 and the slurry discharge holes 31 resumes its initial value;

[0098] The screw 47 is threadedly connected to the pressure tank 44, and the end of the screw 47 is in contact and cooperation with the other side wall of the piston 46. Therefore, when the screw 47 rotates, the screw 47 moves leftward relative to the pressure tank 44, thereby causing the piston 46 to move leftward, reducing the length of the second spring 45, and increasing the volume of the pressure chamber. At this time, a relatively large pressure is required to start the piston 46 moving leftward;

[0099] When the screw 47 rotates in the reverse direction, the screw 47 moves rightward relative to the pressure tank 44. Under the restoring elastic force of the second spring 45, the piston 46 moves rightward, reducing the volume of the pressure chamber. At this time, only a relatively small pressure is required to start the piston 46 moving leftward. Since the pipeline pressures generated by slurries of different compositions are different and the pressures generated by different formation burial depths are different, the pressures on the inner wall of the output end of the conduit 13 during operation are different. Therefore, by adjusting the leftward or rightward movement of the screw 47, the start of the second rack 42 can be controlled under different pressures, greatly improving the practicability and applicability of the device.

[0100] Example Seventeen: Refer to Figures 1-8 , the driving mechanism includes: a pressure column 49, a compression spring 50, and a mounting ring 51. A pressure hole is penetrated through the side wall of the output end of the conduit 13. The pressure column 49 is slidably sealed in the pressure hole. The end of the pressure column 49 away from the inner wall of the conduit 13 is connected to the end of the compression spring 50, and the other end of the compression spring 50 is connected to the side wall of the mounting ring 51 on the inner wall of the pressure hole. The mounting ring 51 is fixed on the inner wall of the pressure hole, and the other side wall of the mounting ring 51 faces the other end of the hydraulic pipe 48. The other side wall of the hydraulic pipe 48 is connected to the inner wall of the pressure hole.

[0101] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0102] When the pressure received by the output end of the conduit 13 increases, the pressure column 49 moves outward relative to the conduit 13, the compression spring 50 is compressed, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pipe 48 is compressed into the pressure chamber;

[0103] When the pressure at the output end of the conduit 13 decreases, the pressure column 49 moves inward relative to the conduit 13, the compression spring 50 resets, and the hydraulic oil in the pressure chamber flows back to the hydraulic pipe 48;

[0104] The setting of the mounting ring 51 increases the connection stability of the compression spring 50. At the same time, it can also ensure that the end of the pressure column 49 away from the inner wall of the conduit 13 can exert pressure on the hydraulic oil, ensuring that the volume of the pressure chamber changes and does not impede the flow of the hydraulic oil when the hydraulic oil flows back to the hydraulic pipe 48;

[0105] The change in the pressure at the output end of the conduit 13 can cause the pressure column 49 to move. Furthermore, by utilizing the anti-compression characteristic of the hydraulic oil, the movement of the piston 46 can be controlled in a timely manner, reducing the setting of the transmission mechanism and improving the movement efficiency of the piston 46.

[0106] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrated examples here.

Claims

1. An adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device, characterized in that: include: A sleeve (3), wherein the top of the sleeve (3) is connected to an anchor 2 (7), the bottom side wall of the sleeve (3) is connected to the top of the terminal tube (1) through a self-locking flange mechanism, an anchor (4) is arranged inside the terminal tube (1), the anchor (4) is connected to the bottom of the sleeve (3), and the two side walls of the bottom of the terminal tube (1) are each connected to an end of an expansion disk (2), the two expansion disks (2) are arranged at an angle, and the bottoms of the two expansion disks (2) are arranged on the same horizontal plane.

2. The adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor (4) comprises: a metal pressure plate (5) and a bottom anchor (6); the bottom of the sleeve (3) is connected to the top of the metal pressure plate (5), and the bottom of the metal pressure plate (5) is connected to the top of the bottom anchor (6).

3. The adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal pressure plate (5) and the bottom anchor (6) are both coated with anti-corrosion materials.

4. The adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second anchor (7) comprises: a pad (8) and a top anchor (9); the top of the casing (3) is connected to the bottom of the pad (8), and the top of the pad (8) is connected to the bottom of the top anchor (9).

5. The adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve (3) is provided with a plurality of strands of steel wire (52), the top of the strands of steel wire (52) is connected to the bottom of the pad (8), and the bottom of the strands of steel wire (52) placed in the end tube (1) is connected to the top of the metal pressure plate (5).

6. The adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A high-pressure grouting pipe (10), wherein the pad (8) and the top anchor (9) are connected with the high-pressure grouting pipe (10), the top of the high-pressure grouting pipe (10) is arranged above the top anchor (9), and the bottom of the high-pressure grouting pipe (10) is placed in the casing (3).

7. The adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the high-pressure grouting pipe (10) is connected to the top of the metal grouting pipe (11), the metal grouting pipe (11) is connected to the metal pressure plate (5) and the bottom anchor (6), the bottom of the metal grouting pipe (11) is arranged below the bottom anchor (6), and a plurality of post-grouting outlet holes (12) are formed through the inner wall of the end pipe (1), and the post-grouting outlet holes (12) are arranged below the metal grouting pipe (11).

8. The adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The metal grouting pipe (11) is coated with epoxy coating both inside and outside.

9. The adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the epoxy coating is 220-250 μm.

10. The adjustable mechanical enlarged head prestressed anchor cable device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific material of the high-pressure grouting pipe (10) is rubber.

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