Rapid and permanent plugging structure and plugging method suitable for subway station middle plate hole

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fabricated buildings, and particularly discloses a rapid and permanent plugging structure and plugging method suitable for a metro station middle plate hole. The plugging structure comprises an existing floor slab, a hole formed in the existing floor slab and a prefabricated cover plate covering the hole, an L-shaped notch is formed in the edge of the prefabricated cover plate and connected to the existing floor slab in a lap joint mode, angle steel is embedded in the notch, the notch is formed by splicing the middle prefabricated cover plate and the end prefabricated cover plate, the splicing position is fixed through an embedded flat steel frame, and double-layer two-way steel bars and lifting hooks are arranged in the notch. A building decoration layer covers the exteriors of the existing floor slabs and the prefabricated cover plates. The plugging method comprises the steps of prefabricated cover plate machining, hole cleaning, hoisting and splicing, fireproof plugging and the like. The prefabricated cover plate is produced in a factory in a standardized mode, the quality and the size are guaranteed, operation on a construction site is convenient and fast, the construction period can be shortened, waste can be utilized, cost is saved, the lower space of the middle plate is not occupied during construction, multi-specialty cross operation is met, and the building decoration requirement of the middle plate is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of subway construction, and particularly relates to a rapid permanent plugging structure and a plugging method for holes in the middle slab of a subway station. Background Art

[0002] In the middle slab of a subway station, some temporary holes are reserved for convenient construction. These temporary holes need to be plugged after use, or some holes need to be permanently plugged due to reasons such as staggering or multiple openings in the later stage. Generally, the holes are plugged with cast-in-place concrete, which requires erecting formwork, tying steel bars on site, and pouring concrete. The construction process is complex, affecting the construction period. At the same time, it occupies the space below the middle slab of the station. When the construction period is tight and there are multiple professional cross-operations, formwork cannot be erected below the hole and there is no construction space. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention studies a rapid permanent plugging structure and a plugging method for holes in the middle slab of a subway station, which are convenient and fast in construction, flexible in treatment, do not occupy the space below the middle slab during construction, meet multiple professional construction cross-operations, ensure construction safety, effectively shorten the construction period, and at the same time can meet the architectural decoration requirements of the middle slab itself. The precast cover plate can be fabricated in a factory before the construction of the building project, and the standardized production method can ensure the construction quality of the precast cover plate, thus ensuring the safety of the building structure.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a rapid permanent plugging structure for holes in the middle slab of a subway station, including an existing floor slab and a hole opened on the existing floor slab, and a precast cover plate is covered on the hole.

[0006] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, an L-shaped notch is provided at the edge of the precast cover plate and is lapped on the existing floor slab.

[0007] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, angle steel is embedded at the notch.

[0008] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the precast cover plate is composed of a middle precast cover plate and an end precast cover plate spliced together. L-shaped notches are provided on two short sides of the middle precast cover plate and are lapped on the existing floor slab. L-shaped notches are provided on two short sides and one long side of the end precast cover plate and are lapped on the existing floor slab.

[0009] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the splicing joint of the precast cover plate is fixedly connected through a pre-embedded flat steel frame.

[0010] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, double-layer and bidirectional steel bars are arranged inside both the middle precast cover plate and the end precast cover plate.

[0011] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, lifting hooks are arranged on both the middle precast cover plate and the end precast cover plate.

[0012] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, building decoration layers are covered on both the existing floor slab and the precast cover plate.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for quickly and permanently plugging holes in the middle slab of a subway station. The plugging method includes:

[0014] Step 1: Divide the plate size of the precast cover plate according to the size of the temporary hole, make a template for the precast cover plate according to the plate size, then make a steel bar skeleton, pour concrete, embed a flat steel frame and an angle steel, and embed a lifting hook, complete the processing of the precast cover plate and carry out concrete curing;

[0015] Step 2: After the processing of the precast cover plate is completed, prepare for plugging, clean the edge of the temporary hole to keep it clean and free of debris;

[0016] Step 3: According to the structural design drawing, hoist the precast cover plate to the hole, weld the flat steel frames of two adjacent plates together, and plaster the weld with cement mortar;

[0017] Step 4: After the hole is plugged, use fireproof plugging materials to fill the voids tightly and meet the fire resistance limit requirement of 1.5h;

[0018] Step 5: Construct the building decoration layer above and around the construction cover plate and level it.

[0019] By using the precast cover plate to plug the holes in the middle slab of the subway station, the present invention effectively solves many problems existing in the traditional cast-in-place concrete plugging method and has significant beneficial effects:

[0020] Guarantee construction quality: The precast cover plate is produced in a standardized manner in the factory. This production method can strictly control the quality and size of the precast cover plate. Compared with on-site construction, it can greatly reduce errors, thereby ensuring the safety of the building structure.

[0021] Shorten the construction period: The precast cover plate has been manufactured in the factory before the construction of the building project. At the construction site, only operations such as hoisting and splicing are required, without the need for complex formwork erection, steel bar binding, and concrete pouring work like the traditional cast-in-place concrete plugging. This greatly simplifies the construction process, makes the construction operation at the construction site more convenient and efficient, and thus effectively shortens the construction period.

[0022] Save construction costs: During the actual construction process, the waste steel bars and surplus concrete on the construction site can be fully utilized to precast the cover plates in the factory, realizing the secondary utilization of resources, reducing resource waste, lowering material costs, and generating good economic benefits.

[0023] Meet the construction space requirements: The traditional cast-in-place concrete plugging method requires occupying the space under the middle slab of the station to erect the formwork during construction. However, the precast cover plate plugging method adopted in the present invention does not occupy the space under the middle slab during the construction process. This advantage enables the construction to proceed smoothly under the circumstances of tight construction period and multi-disciplinary cross-construction operations, avoiding construction problems caused by space limitations.

[0024] Meet the decoration requirements: The precast cover plate is supported on the edge of the existing floor slab with an L-shaped notch treatment, making full use of the relatively thick building decoration layer thickness of the middle slab of the subway station. On the premise of ensuring the basic decoration function, it is ensured that there is no height difference between the installation position of the precast cover plate and the existing floor slab, and the building decoration surface is consistent with the surrounding area, enabling the sealed space to be used normally and meeting the building decoration requirements of the middle slab itself. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic plan layout structure diagram of the structure for quickly and permanently plugging the holes in the middle slab of the subway station applicable to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic longitudinal layout structure diagram (including the building decoration layer) of the structure for quickly and permanently plugging the holes in the middle slab of the subway station applicable to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic transverse layout structure diagram (including the building decoration layer) of the structure for quickly and permanently plugging the holes in the middle slab of the subway station applicable to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic reinforcement structure diagram of each plate of the precast cover plate of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of each plate of the precast cover plate of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic lap joint structure diagram between the edge of the precast cover plate and the existing floor slab of the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals in the figures: 1 - existing floor slab, 2 - hole, 3 - building decoration layer, 4 - precast cover plate, 41 - middle precast cover plate, 42 - end precast cover plate, 5 - angle steel, 6 - lifting hook, 7 - steel bar, 8 - flat steel frame. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the preferred implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as a limitation on this patent; to better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, which do not represent the dimensions of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted. The description of the positional relationship in the drawings is only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as a limitation on this patent.

[0033] The present invention provides a rapid permanent plugging structure suitable for the holes in the middle slab of a subway station, including an existing floor slab 1, a precast cover plate 4, and a building finishing layer 3. A hole 2 is provided in the existing floor slab 1, the precast cover plate 4 covers the hole 2, and the building finishing layer 3 covers the outside of the existing floor slab 1 and the precast cover plate 4.

[0034] It is necessary to consider that after the hole 2 in the middle slab of the subway station is plugged, there should be no height difference between the installation position of the precast cover plate 4 and the existing floor slab 1, and the building finishing surface should be consistent with the surrounding area to ensure the normal use of this space. Therefore, an L-shaped notch is made at the edge of the existing floor slab 1 where the precast cover plate 4 is supported. The thickness of the building finishing layer 3 of the middle slab of the subway station is relatively thick, generally 150 mm. The precast cover plate 4 makes full use of the thickness of the building finishing layer 3. To ensure the basic finishing function, 30 mm is reserved. Therefore, the edge thickness of the precast cover plate 4 is taken as 120 mm, and this thickness can meet the requirements as the support end of the precast cover plate 4.

[0035] Specifically, the precast cover plate 4 is composed of a middle precast cover plate 41 and an end precast cover plate 42 spliced together. L-shaped notches are provided on the two short sides of the middle precast cover plate 41 and it is lapped on the existing floor slab 1. L-shaped notches are provided on the two short sides and one long side of the end precast cover plate 42 and it is lapped on the existing floor slab 1; angle steel 5 is embedded at the notch.

[0036] The concrete strength of the middle precast cover plate 41 shall not be lower than that of the existing floor slab 1 of the cast-in-place structure. The steel bars 7 are arranged in a double-layer and two-way manner, and the reinforcement and slab thickness are determined according to structural calculations. The plate width of the middle precast cover plate 41 is 1000 mm and it is arranged along the long side direction of the hoisting hole 2. L-shaped notches are made on the two short sides of the middle precast cover plate 41, and the lapping length with the existing floor slab 1 is not less than 150 mm, the slab thickness is 120 mm, and angle steel 5 is embedded at the notch. A 3-mm flat steel frame 8 is embedded along the long side of the plate of the middle precast cover plate 41, and the two plates are connected by welding the adjacent flat steel frames 8.

[0037] The concrete strength of the end precast cover plate 42 shall not be lower than that of the existing floor slab 1 of the cast-in-place structure. The steel bars 7 are arranged in a double-layer and two-way manner, and the steel bar reinforcement and slab thickness are determined according to structural calculations. The plate width of the end precast cover plate 42 is determined according to the hole size. Three sides of the end precast cover plate 42 are notched, and the lapping length with the existing floor slab 1 is not less than 150 mm. The edge slab thickness is 120 mm, and angle steel 5 is embedded at the notch. A 3-mm flat steel frame 8 is embedded on one side of the end precast cover plate 42 connected to the middle precast cover plate 4, and the two plates are connected by welding the adjacent flat steel frames 8.

[0038] Four lifting hooks 6 shall be embedded in advance on each plate of the precast cover plate 4. The lifting hooks 6 are symmetrically arranged, 400 mm from the plate edge in the long side direction and 250 mm from the plate edge in the short side direction. The lifting hooks 6 shall be welded or tied to the steel bar 7 skeleton, and the anchorage length is not less than 35d.

[0039] The present invention provides a method for quickly and permanently plugging holes in the middle plate of a subway station. The plugging method includes:

[0040] Step 1: Divide the plate size of the precast cover plate 4 according to the size of the temporary hole 2, make the formwork of the precast cover plate 4 according to the plate size, then make the steel bar 7 skeleton, pour concrete, embed the flat steel frame 8 and angle steel 5, and embed the lifting hooks 6, complete the processing of the precast cover plate 4 and carry out concrete curing;

[0041] Step 2: After the processing of the precast cover plate 4 is completed, prepare for plugging, clean the edge of the temporary hole, keep it clean and free of sundries;

[0042] Step 3: According to the structural design drawings, hoist the precast cover plate 4 to the hole 2, weld the flat steel frames 8 of two adjacent plates together, and plaster the weld with cement mortar;

[0043] Step 4: After the hole 2 is plugged, use fireproof plugging materials to fill the gap tightly and meet the fire resistance limit requirement of 1.5 h;

[0044] Step 5: Construct the building finishing layer above and around the construction cover plate and level it.

[0045] The present invention provides a precast cover plate suitable for quickly and permanently plugging holes in the middle plate of a subway station, which is suitable for plugging various lifting holes or similar holes in a new building structure. The construction process is simple and convenient, the construction does not occupy the space below the middle plate, meets the multi-disciplinary construction cross-operation, and can ensure the construction safety and construction period.

[0046] The above are only the preferred implementation schemes of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation schemes. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make several modifications, supplements or use similar methods for substitution, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for rapid and permanent plugging of holes in a slab of a subway station, comprising an existing slab (1) and a hole (2) opened on the existing slab (1), characterized in that: The hole (2) is covered with a prefabricated cover plate (4).

2. The structure for rapid and permanent plugging of holes in the plate of a subway station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prefabricated cover plate (4) is provided with an L-shaped notch at its edge and is overlapped on the existing floor slab (1).

3. The structure for rapid and permanent plugging of holes in the plate of a subway station according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Angle steel (5) is embedded in the notch.

4. The structure for rapid and permanent plugging of holes in the plate of a subway station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prefabricated cover plate (4) is formed by splicing a middle prefabricated cover plate (41) and an end prefabricated cover plate (42); the middle prefabricated cover plate (41) is provided with L-shaped notches on two short sides and overlaps the existing floor slab (1); the end prefabricated cover plate (42) is provided with L-shaped notches on two short sides and one long side and overlaps the existing floor slab (1).

5. The structure for rapid and permanent plugging of holes in the plate of a subway station according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The joints of the prefabricated cover plates (4) are fixedly connected via pre-buried flat steel frames (8).

6. The structure for rapid and permanent plugging of holes in the plate of a subway station according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Double-layer bidirectional steel bars (7) are arranged inside the middle prefabricated cover plate (41) and the end prefabricated cover plates (42).

7. The structure for rapid and permanent plugging of holes in the plate of a subway station according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The middle prefabricated cover plate (41) and the end prefabricated cover plate (42) are both provided with hooks (6).

8. The structure for rapid and permanent plugging of holes in the plate of a subway station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The exteriors of the existing floor slab (1) and the prefabricated cover slab (4) are both covered with a building decoration layer (3).

9. A method for rapid and permanent plugging of holes in the plate of a subway station, characterized in that: The blocking method comprises: Step 1: Divide the plate size of the prefabricated cover plate (4) according to the size of the temporary hole (2), make the prefabricated cover plate (4) template according to the plate size, then make the steel bar (7) skeleton, pour concrete, embed the flat steel frame (8) and angle steel (5), embed the hook (6), complete the processing of the prefabricated cover plate (4) and carry out concrete curing; Step 2: After the prefabricated cover plate (4) is processed, it is ready to be sealed, and the edge of the temporary opening is cleaned to keep it clean and free of debris; Step 3: According to the structural design drawings, hoist the prefabricated cover plate (4) to the hole (2), and weld the flat steel frames (8) of two adjacent plates together; Step 4: After the hole (2) is sealed, the gap is filled with fireproof sealing materials to achieve a fire resistance limit of 1.5 hours; Step 5: Construct the building decoration layer above and around the cover plate and level it.

10. The method for rapid and permanent plugging of holes in the plate of a subway station according to claim 9 is characterized in that: In step three, the welds between two adjacent plates are smoothed with cement mortar.

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