Device for lowering optical cable while drilling

Abstract

The invention provides a while-drilling optical cable lowering device, and relates to the field of petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering, the while-drilling optical cable lowering device comprises a cable coiling assembly and a pay-off assembly, the cable coiling assembly is composed of a cable coiling rod and an optical cable, a cable coiling groove of a spiral structure is formed in the peripheral wall of the cable coiling rod, the optical cable is coiled in an axial direction in a segmented mode, and all segments of optical cables are arranged at intervals; the pay-off assembly comprises a fixed barrel, a locking structure, a linkage sleeve and a driving assembly, the linkage sleeve is coaxially arranged in the fixed barrel in a sleeved mode, the end, where an optical cable is not wound, of the cable winding rod is inserted into the linkage sleeve, the side wall of the linkage sleeve is provided with a guide assembly matched with the cable winding groove in a spiral mode, and the locking structure is used for limiting or releasing circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve; the driving assembly is arranged at the top of the fixed cylinder and drives the locking structure to release or limit rotation of the linkage sleeve in response to triggering or separation of the optical cable. According to the device, through segmented optical cable design and cooperation of the driving assembly and the locking structure, it is ensured that the optical cable is laid down in a segmented mode according to needs, optical cable stacking or winding is avoided, and smoothness and reliability of the paying-off process are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of oil and gas drilling engineering, and particularly to a device for lowering an optical cable while drilling. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology, drilling technology in China has been continuously advancing, and the measurement-while-drilling technology has gradually become an essential part in the process of oilfield drilling. The measurement-while-drilling instrument provides important decision-making support for oil and gas exploitation by real-time monitoring various parameters during drilling operations. To cope with the increasingly complex drilling operation environment, especially the special requirements of deep well operations, the specifications and models of measurement-while-drilling instruments have been continuously expanded to gradually adapt to the diverse requirements under different drilling conditions.

[0003] In modern oil drilling engineering, deep sea exploration and deep well drilling have increasingly become the norm. As the drilling depth continues to increase, communication guarantee has become an issue that cannot be ignored. Optical fiber cables, as the core components for communication guarantee, play a crucial role during the drilling process. However, with the increase in the length of the optical cable (such as more than 3000 meters), in the downhole environment, the management and operation of lowering the optical cable become more and more complex. During the process of lowering the long optical cable, due to the lack of effective segmented design, problems such as accumulation, entanglement or knotting are likely to occur. These problems not only hinder the normal lowering of the optical cable, but may even cause the optical cable to become stuck, affecting the smooth progress of the entire drilling operation.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively avoid the problems of accumulation, entanglement or knotting of the optical cable during the lowering process has become the key to solving the problem of lowering the optical cable in deep wells. Traditional optical cable pay-off devices cannot effectively avoid these problems. Especially when facing ultra-long optical cables, irregular cable laying is likely to occur, further exacerbating the difficulties and risks during the process of lowering the optical cable.

[0005] Application Content

[0006] In view of this, this application proposes a device for lowering an optical cable while drilling, aiming to avoid excessive accumulation of the optical cable in the well and prevent the optical cable from being entangled, so as to ensure that the optical cable can be lowered smoothly and successfully.

[0007] The technical solution of this application is realized as follows:

[0008] This application provides a device for lowering an optical cable while drilling, including:

[0009] A cable coiling assembly, the cable coiling assembly includes a cable coiling rod and an optical cable. A cable coiling groove with a spiral structure is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the cable coiling rod. The optical cable is segmented and coiled along the axial direction of the cable coiling rod, with several layers coiled in each segment, and intervals are provided between segments;

[0010] A pay-off assembly, the pay-off assembly includes a fixed cylinder, a locking structure, a linkage sleeve and a driving assembly;

[0011] The linkage sleeve is coaxially sleeved inside the fixed cylinder body. One end of the cable coiling rod without the coiled optical cable is inserted into the linkage sleeve and can rotate relative to the cable releasing assembly. A guiding assembly that is helically engaged with the cable coiling groove is provided on the side wall of the linkage sleeve;

[0012] The locking structure is arranged between the fixed cylinder body and the linkage sleeve and is used to restrict or release the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve relative to the fixed cylinder body;

[0013] The driving assembly is arranged on the optical cable releasing path at the top of the fixed cylinder body and is used to respond to the triggering or detachment of the optical cable, and correspondingly drive the locking structure to release or restrict the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve relative to the fixed cylinder body.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the locking structure includes locking teeth and a locking member. An annular step is provided on the outer peripheral side of the upper end of the linkage sleeve. The locking teeth are distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the annular step. At least two locking members are provided, which are evenly arranged on the annular step and connected to the driving assembly. A mating tooth that meshes with the locking teeth is provided inside the locking member. The driving assembly is used to drive the locking member to move up and down along the axial direction of the linkage sleeve.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the driving assembly includes a pressing plate, an elastic member and a connecting rod. The pressing plate is of an annular structure and is coaxially located on the top surface of the fixed cylinder body. There is a clearance fit between the inner side of the pressing plate and the cable coiling rod, and the clearance between the pressing plate and the cable coiling rod is smaller than the diameter of the optical cable. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the pressing plate, and the other end vertically passes through the fixed cylinder body and is fixedly connected to the locking member. The elastic member is sleeved on the connecting rod, with one end abutting against the pressing plate and the other end abutting against the top surface of the fixed cylinder body.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the cable releasing assembly further includes a plurality of wire wheel groups. The plurality of wire wheel groups are arranged at intervals in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder body. The wire wheel group includes two relatively rotatable wire wheels. The rotation axis of the wire wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the solid cylinder body. A guiding gap for the optical cable to pass through is formed between the two wire wheels.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, a notch extending along the spiral path of the wire wheel group is provided on the pressing plate. A guiding roller is rotatably arranged at the notch, and the rotation direction of the guiding roller is the same as the rotation direction of the wire wheel.

[0018] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, a limiting ring is provided inside the top of the fixed cylinder body. The upper end of the linkage sleeve abuts against the inner bottom surface of the limiting ring. A supporting assembly is fixedly arranged inside the fixed cylinder body at the lower end of the linkage sleeve, and the linkage sleeve can rotate relative to the supporting assembly.

[0019] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the support assembly includes an annular support frame, an annular cage and rolling elements. The annular support frame is fixedly arranged on the inner peripheral side of the fixed cylinder body. The annular cage is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the annular support member. A plurality of rolling elements are provided and evenly distributed on the top surface of the annular cage. An annular chute for cooperating with the rolling elements is arranged on the bottom surface of the linkage sleeve.

[0020] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, a plurality of groups of guiding assemblies are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction on the side wall of the linkage sleeve. Each group of guiding assemblies includes a plurality of guiding elements arranged in a spiral direction. The spiral directions of the plurality of groups of guiding assemblies are the same as the spiral direction of the cable coiling groove.

[0021] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the guiding element includes a first ball, a second ball and a fixed seat. The fixed seat is fixedly arranged in the side wall of the linkage sleeve. The first ball and the second ball are respectively rotatably arranged on both sides of the fixed seat. The first ball is in mating connection with the cable coiling groove, and the second ball is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed cylinder body.

[0022] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the cable paying-off assembly further includes an anchoring member. A plurality of horizontal rotating shafts are circumferentially spaced on the lower edge of the fixed cylinder body. One end of the anchoring member is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed cylinder body through the horizontal rotating shaft. The other end of the anchoring member has an anchoring portion for anchoring with the inner wall of the drill pipe.

[0023] The present application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0024] (1) Through the segmented optical cable design of the cable coiling rod and the mutual cooperation of the driving assembly and the locking structure in the present application, the optical cable can be paid off in segments according to actual needs, avoiding the problems of optical cable accumulation or winding caused by inappropriate paying-off speed, and ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the cable paying-off process. Through reasonable structural design and precise control mechanism, the device ensures the smooth and orderly paying-off of the optical cable. Each segment of the optical cable can be released along a predetermined trajectory, avoiding problems such as winding and accumulation, and ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the cable paying-off process.

[0025] (2) Through the coordinated action of the pressing plate, the elastic member and the connecting rod, the driving assembly can precisely control the movement of the locking member, timely release or restrict the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve, ensure that each segment of the optical cable can be released at the correct timing, ensure the smoothness, no winding and no jamming during the paying-off process of the optical cable, and improve the performance, stability and safety of the cable paying-off device.

[0026] (3) Through the design of the wire pulley group, by means of spiral arrangement and optimization of the guiding clearance, the friction force of the optical cable during the cable laying process can be effectively reduced. At the same time, multiple wire pulley groups arranged in a spiral interval make the guiding of the optical cable more precise and not prone to stacking. When the optical cable passes through the wire pulley group, due to the rotation of the wire pulley and the existence of the guiding clearance, the force on the optical cable is more uniform, avoiding the situation of optical cable damage or unsmooth lowering caused by excessive friction.

[0027] (4) By setting a notch and a guiding roller on the pressing plate, the optical cable section on the top surface of the pressing plate is released circumferentially due to the circumferential rotation of the cable coiling rod, and the released optical cable passes through the notch and can be smoothly guided into each wire pulley group through the guiding roller, keeping the optical cable moving along a predetermined path. Since the rotation direction of the guiding roller is the same as that of the wire pulley, it can help the optical cable pass through the wire pulley group smoothly along the correct path, reducing the friction between the optical cable and the device components.

[0028] (5) Through the spiral cooperation of the guiding component and the cable coiling groove, the rotational motion of the cable coiling rod is directly converted into an axial linear motion. When the cable coiling rod rotates around its own axis, a relative displacement occurs on the spiral contact surface between the guiding component and the linkage sleeve, driving the overall cable coiling component to move downward. This design realizes the strict synchronization of rotational release and axial displacement, avoiding the problems of cable stacking or tensile fracture caused by the mismatch between the rotational speed and the lowering speed in traditional devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the downhole optical cable lowering device disclosed in the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a first - perspective three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cable laying component disclosed in the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a second - perspective three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cable laying component disclosed in the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the cable laying component disclosed in the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 It is an assembly structural schematic diagram of the locking structure and the driving component disclosed in the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 The first - perspective plan sectional view of the coiled optical cable lowering device disclosed in the present application;

[0036] Figure 7 The second - perspective plan sectional view of the coiled optical cable lowering device disclosed in the present application;

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Cable coiling assembly; 11. Cable coiling rod; 12. Optical cable; 111. Cable coiling groove; 2. Cable paying - out assembly; 21. Fixed cylinder; 23. Linking sleeve; 25. Guide assembly; 22. Locking structure; 221. Locking teeth; 222. Locking part; 231. Annular step; 2221. Matching teeth; 24. Driving assembly; 241. Pressing plate; 242. Elastic member; 243. Connecting rod; 26. Cable guiding wheel group; 261. Cable guiding wheel; 2411. Notch; 2412. Guide roller; 211. Limiting ring; 27. Support assembly; 271. Annular support frame; 272. Annular retaining frame; 273. Rolling element; 232. Annular sliding groove; 251. Guide member; 2511. First ball; 2512. Second ball; 2513. Fixed seat; 28. Anchoring member; 281. Anchoring portion. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] Next, in combination with the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0040] As Figure 1 shown, in combination with Figures 2 - 7 , an embodiment of the present application discloses a coiled optical cable lowering device, including a cable coiling assembly 1 and a cable paying - out assembly 2.

[0041] Among them, the cable coiling assembly 1 includes a cable coiling rod 11 and an optical cable 12. The cable coiling rod 11 is used for storing and guiding the orderly paying - out of the optical cable. Its design ensures that the optical cable can be arranged orderly along its axial direction. In this embodiment, the cable coiling rod 11 is of a hollow design, which can reduce its own gravity and avoid the need for a large amount of kinetic energy to drive during the lowering process. The cable coiling rod 11 can be rotated by a central control motor.

[0042] In this embodiment, a cable coiling groove 111 with a spiral structure is provided on the outer wall of the cable coiling rod 11, so that the optical cable can be evenly coiled along the path of the spiral groove. At the same time, the spiral structure can ensure that after the innermost layer of the optical cable is wound into the cable coiling groove 111, the optical cable is arranged orderly in the axial direction of the cable coiling rod 11 and avoid the wound optical cable from moving axially along the cable coiling rod 11.

[0043] The optical cable is wound in segments along the axial direction of the cable coiling rod 11, with several layers wound in each segment, and there are intervals between segments. In this embodiment, by winding the optical cable in segments with a certain interval between each segment, the friction and mutual interference between the optical cables are reduced, which helps to reduce the risk of crossover and overlap after the optical cable is wound in the entire axial direction of the cable coiling rod 11, thus ensuring an orderly release during the subsequent lowering of the optical cable and avoiding the phenomenon of wire jamming. The number of winding layers of each segment of the optical cable remains the same, ensuring that the optical cable can be evenly released in segments and can be released smoothly.

[0044] As some examples, for instance, if the total length of the optical cable is required to be 3000, the total length of each segment of the optical cable can be set to 30m, so that it is divided into 100 segments on the cable coiling rod 11. At the same time, 4 - 5 layers of optical cables are wound in each segment. The number of layers and the circumferential length of each segment of the optical cable wound on the cable coiling rod 11 are set depending on the total length of each segment of the optical cable and the diameter of the cable coiling rod 11. The fewer the layer control and the segment length, the less likely it is to cause the phenomenon of cable jamming during the release process. The above settings can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0045] In the above - mentioned embodiment, the distance between segments is at least greater than 112 times the diameter of the cable groove 111. In this way, adjacent segments of the optical cable can be spaced apart, so as to cooperate with the wire - releasing assembly 2 to realize the segmented release of the optical cable.

[0046] The optical cable is wound in segments, and there is a certain interval between each segment of the optical cable. This not only reduces the friction and mutual interference between the optical cables, but also avoids the risk of mutual winding and overlap between the optical cables, ensuring the smooth progress of the subsequent release process.

[0047] Refer to the attached Figures 2 - 5 As shown, the wire - releasing assembly 2 includes a fixed cylinder 21, a locking structure 22, a linkage sleeve 23, and a driving assembly 24.

[0048] The fixed cylinder 21 provides a support framework to ensure the stable position of each component. It is the basic support part of the wire - releasing device, maintaining the rigid structure of the entire wire - releasing system. In this embodiment, the cross - section of the fixed cylinder 21 is circularly arranged, which facilitates the rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 inside the fixed cylinder 21. At the same time, the outside of the fixed cylinder 21 is circularly arranged, which is convenient for implanting into the drill pipe. During the use process, the fixed cylinder 21 can be anchored to the inner wall of the drill pipe through some anchoring devices, so that during the drilling process of the drill pipe, the entire cable lowering device follows and is lowered.

[0049] The linkage sleeve 23 is coaxially sleeved inside the fixed cylinder 21. One end of the cable coiling rod 11 without coiled optical cable is inserted into the linkage sleeve 23 and can rotate relative to the cable paying-off assembly 2. The side wall of the linkage sleeve 23 is provided with a guiding assembly 25 that is helically engaged with the cable coiling groove 111. Through the arrangement of the guiding assembly 25, when the cable coiling rod 11 rotates around its own axis, a helical movement can occur between the guiding assembly 25 and the linkage sleeve 23, so that the cable coiling assembly 1 moves downward relative to the cable paying-off assembly 2, and the optical cable on the cable coiling rod 11 is released sequentially from bottom to top.

[0050] In this embodiment, only when the linkage sleeve 23 remains fixed in position in the fixed cylinder 21 can the cable coiling rod 11 undergo a helical movement with the linkage sleeve 23 through the guiding assembly 25, and then the cable coiling rod 11 moves downward relative to the cable paying-off assembly 2. In order to achieve the segmented release of the optical cable on the cable coiling rod 11, this embodiment mainly realizes the segmented release of the optical cable through the cooperation of the locking structure 22, the driving assembly 24 and each section of the optical cable.

[0051] Specifically, the locking structure 22 is arranged between the fixed cylinder 21 and the linkage sleeve 23 and is used to restrict or release the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 relative to the fixed cylinder 21. When the positions of the linkage sleeve 23 and the fixed cylinder 21 are locked, that is, the linkage sleeve 23 cannot rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed cylinder 21. At this time, the cable coiling rod 11 undergoes a helical movement with the linkage sleeve 23 through the guiding assembly 25, so that the cable coiling rod 11 continuously descends relative to the cable paying-off assembly 2. However, when the cable coiling rod 11 is continuously descending, it cannot match the release speed of each section of the optical cable, which will cause the optical cable on the cable coiling rod 11 not to be completely released during the continuous descent of the cable coiling rod 11, and an axial extrusion force will be applied to the upper end face of the linkage sleeve 23. At this time, if the cable coiling rod 11 continues to descend, it will cause the optical cable to be squeezed and damaged at the junction of the linkage sleeve 23 and the cable coiling rod 11, and then the optical cable release work will be static.

[0052] Therefore, when the locking structure 22 releases the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 relative to the fixed cylinder 21, the linkage sleeve 23 can rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed cylinder. Since the guiding assembly 25 on the linkage sleeve 23 is engaged with the cable coiling groove 111 on the cable coiling rod 11, when the cable coiling rod 11 rotates, due to the lack of circumferential constraint of the linkage sleeve 23, at this time, the cable coiling rod 11 drives the linkage sleeve 23 to rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed cylinder 21 synchronously through the guiding assembly 25, and then the cable coiling rod 11 cannot continue to move axially. In this way, during the circumferential rotation of the cable coiling rod 11, the corresponding section of the optical cable on the cable coiling rod 11 can be released.

[0053] Since the optical cables on the cable coiling rod 11 are arranged at intervals in sections, it is necessary for the multiple sections of optical cables on the cable coiling rod 11 to be released successively from bottom to top. When the bottommost section of the optical cable is released, the linkage sleeve 23 needs to rotate relative to the fixed cylinder 21. When transitioning between two adjacent sections of the optical cable, the linkage sleeve 23 needs to maintain a fixed position relative to the fixed cylinder 21.

[0054] Therefore, the timing of the restriction and release of the locking structure 22 needs to be precisely controlled. In this embodiment, it is solved by the driving component 24. Specifically, the driving component 24 is arranged on the optical cable release path at the top of the fixed cylinder 21 and is used to respond to the triggering or detachment of the optical cable, and correspondingly drive the locking structure 22 to release or restrict the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 relative to the fixed cylinder 21.

[0055] In the initial state, after the cable coiling rod 11 is inserted into the linkage sleeve 23, at this time, there is no external force driving the driving component 24, and the linkage sleeve 23 and the fixed cylinder 21 maintain a fixed position. During the rotation of the cable coiling rod 11, it moves downward relative to the linkage sleeve 23. When the bottom surface of the lowermost section of the optical cable on the cable coiling rod 11 contacts the driving component 24 and applies a downward pressure to the driving component 24 as the cable coiling rod 11 moves downward, when the driving component 24 responds to the downward pressure of the optical cable, it drives the locking structure 22 to act, thereby releasing the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 relative to the fixed cylinder 21. At this time, the cable coiling rod 11 and the linkage sleeve 23 rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed cylinder 21 synchronously. During the circumferential rotation of the cable coiling rod 11, the section of the optical cable in contact with the driving component 24 is released. When the innermost layer of this section of the optical cable is released completely and the optical cable loses the downward pressure on the driving component 24, the driving component 24 drives the locking structure 22 to act, thereby locking the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 relative to the fixed cylinder 21. At this time, the cable coiling rod 11 continues to descend by a certain displacement until the bottom end of the previous section of the optical cable touches and presses the driving component 24, thereby completing the release of the rotation of the linkage sleeve 23, and then releasing the previous section of the optical cable. Repeating the above process can smoothly release all sections of the optical cables on the cable coiling rod 11.

[0056] By precisely controlling the locking structure 22 and the driving component 24, it is ensured that the cable coiling rod 11 will not cause extrusion or damage to the optical cable during the process of releasing the optical cable. When the cable coiling rod 11 moves downward, the release speed of the optical cable section is synchronized with the moving speed of the cable coiling rod 11, avoiding over-extrusion or incomplete release of the optical cable. In addition, the cooperation between the locking structure 22 and the driving component 24 enables precise control of the optical cable release process. The driving component 24 responds to the downward pressure of the optical cable and timely releases or restricts the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve 23, ensuring that each section of the optical cable can be released at the correct timing and avoiding any lag or misalignment phenomenon during the optical cable release process.

[0057] Through the segmented optical cable design of the cable coiling rod 11 and the mutual cooperation of the driving component 24 and the locking structure 22 in this application, the optical cable can be lowered in segments according to actual needs, avoiding the problems of optical cable accumulation or entanglement caused by inappropriate lowering speed, and ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the cable laying process. Through reasonable structural design and precise control mechanism, this device ensures the smooth and orderly lowering of the optical cable. Each segment of the optical cable can be released along a predetermined trajectory, avoiding problems such as entanglement and accumulation, and ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the cable laying process.

[0058] This application shows an implementation manner of the locking structure 22. Specifically, refer to the appendix Figures 4 - 5 As shown, the locking structure 22 includes locking teeth 221 and a locking member 222. An annular step 231 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the upper end of the linkage sleeve 23, and the locking teeth 221 are distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the annular step 231. The locking teeth 221 can be engaged with the mating teeth 2221 inside the locking member 222 to prevent the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 and ensure the segmented release of the optical cable along a predetermined path.

[0059] At least two locking members 222 are provided, which are evenly arranged on the annular step 231 and connected to the driving component 24. The inner side of the locking member 222 is provided with mating teeth 2221 that engage with the locking teeth 221, and the driving component 24 is used to drive the locking member 222 to move up and down along the axial direction of the linkage sleeve 23. The setting of the annular step 231 provides an installation position for the locking member 222. Through the action of the driving component 24, it is ensured that the locking member 222 can move up and down smoothly and precisely engage with or disengage from the locking teeth 221.

[0060] In this embodiment, the teeth of the locking teeth 221 are arranged downward on the side of the annular step 231, and the teeth of the mating teeth 2221 are arranged upward. The locking member 222 is placed on the annular step 231, and there is a certain moving space between the mating teeth 2221 and the locking teeth 221. This can ensure that the locking member 222 can move up and down within the moving space range, so as to realize the engagement or disengagement of the mating teeth 2221 and the locking teeth 221.

[0061] In order to achieve circumferential locking or release between the linkage sleeve 23 and the fixed cylinder 21 in different states of the locking structure 22, this embodiment shows a structural manner of the driving component 24.

[0062] Specifically, refer to the appendix Figure 2 、 4As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the driving assembly 24 includes a pressing plate 241, an elastic member 242 and a connecting rod 243. The pressing plate 241 is of an annular structure and is coaxially located on the top surface of the fixed cylinder 21. There is a clearance fit between the inner side of the pressing plate 241 and the cable coiling rod 11. One end of the connecting rod 243 is fixedly connected to the pressing plate 241, and the other end vertically passes through the fixed cylinder 21 and is fixedly connected to the locking member 222. The elastic member 242 is sleeved on the connecting rod 243, with one end abutted against the pressing plate 241 and the other end abutted against the top surface of the fixed cylinder 21.

[0063] With the above technical solution, in the initial state, due to the elastic force of the elastic member 242, the pressing plate 241 is pushed upward. The pressing plate 241 pulls the locking member 222 upward through the connecting rod 243, so that the engaging teeth 2221 on the locking member 222 and the locking teeth 221 are engaged. Since the connecting rod 243 is inserted through the fixed cylinder 21 and connected to the locking member 222, the locking member 222 cannot rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed cylinder 21 and can only move axially along the fixed cylinder 21 under the action of an external force. Therefore, after the engaging teeth 2221 on the locking member 222 and the locking teeth 221 on the linkage sleeve 23 are engaged and connected, the circumferential rotation between the linkage sleeve 23 and the fixed cylinder 21 can be locked.

[0064] When the bottom surface of the optical cable on the cable coiling rod 11 contacts the pressing plate 241 and applies pressure to it, after the pressing plate 241 receives a downward pressure, it compresses the elastic member 242 and simultaneously drives the connecting rod 243 to move downward. During the downward movement of the connecting rod 243, the connecting rod 243 drives the locking member 222 to move downward, so that the engaging teeth 2221 on the locking member 222 and the locking teeth 221 are disengaged, thereby releasing the circumferential rotation restriction between the linkage sleeve 23 and the fixed cylinder 21. When the optical cable section in contact with the pressing plate 241 is completely released, the pressure of the optical cable acting on the pressing plate 241 disappears. At this time, under the action of the elastic member 242, the pressing plate moves upward, drives the locking member 222 to move upward through the connecting rod 243, and further enables the engaging teeth 2221 on the locking member 222 and the locking teeth 221 to be engaged again, realizing the circumferential rotation restriction between the linkage sleeve 23 and the fixed cylinder 21 again. At this time, the cable coiling rod 11 axially moves through the rotational movement with the linkage sleeve 23 until the bottom end of the next cable section touches the pressing plate 241 and is unlocked.

[0065] In the above embodiment, the clearance between the pressing plate 241 and the cable coiling rod 11 is smaller than the diameter of the optical cable. With this setting, when the optical cable section in contact with the pressing plate 241 on the cable coiling rod 11 is being released, the optical cable is released layer by layer from the outer layer to the inner layer. When only the inner layer optical cable remains, the inner layer optical cable can still abut against the pressing plate 241, preventing the optical cable from getting stuck between the cable coiling rod 11 and the pressing plate due to the too large clearance between the pressing plate 241 and the cable coiling rod 11, resulting in the suspension of cable laying and ensuring the smooth progress of cable laying.

[0066] Through the coordinated action of the pressing plate 241, the elastic member 242, and the connecting rod 243, the driving assembly 24 can precisely control the movement of the locking member 222, timely release or restrict the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve 23, ensure that each section of the optical cable can be released at the correct timing, ensure smooth, non-tangled, and non-stuck during the lowering process of the optical cable, and improve the performance, stability, and safety of the cable laying device.

[0067] As some embodiments, referring to the attached Figure 4 , 5 As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the cable laying assembly 2 further includes a plurality of sets of wire wheels 261, 26. The plurality of sets of wire wheels 261, 26 are arranged at intervals in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder 21. Each set of wire wheels 261, 26 includes two relatively rotatable wire wheels 261. The rotation axis of the wire wheel 261 is perpendicular to the axis of the fixed cylinder. A guiding gap for the optical cable to pass through is formed between the two wire wheels 261.

[0068] The design of the sets of wire wheels 261, 26 can effectively reduce the friction of the optical cable during the cable laying process through the spiral arrangement and the optimization of the guiding gap. At the same time, the plurality of sets of wire wheels 261, 26 arranged at intervals in a spiral shape enable more precise guiding of the optical cable and are not prone to stacking. When the optical cable passes through the sets of wire wheels 261, 26, due to the rotation of the wire wheels 261 and the existence of the guiding gap, the force on the optical cable is more uniform, avoiding the situation of optical cable damage or unsmooth lowering caused by excessive friction.

[0069] The axis of the wire wheel 261 is perpendicular to the axis of the fixed cylinder 21, which helps the optical cable to be smoothly lowered along an ideal path. Through the continuous action of the plurality of sets of wire wheels 261, 26, the optical cable can be uniformly guided, avoiding possible bending or entanglement problems during the cable laying process, thereby improving the stability of the optical cable lowering.

[0070] As some embodiments, a notch 2411 extending along the spiral path of the sets of wire wheels 261, 26 is provided on the pressing plate 241. A guiding roller 2412 is rotatably provided at the notch 2411. The rotation direction of the guiding roller 2412 is the same as the rotation direction of the wire wheel 261.

[0071] With this arrangement, the optical cable section on the top surface of the pressing plate 241 is released circumferentially due to the circumferential rotation of the cable coiling rod 11. The released optical cable passes through the notch 2411 and can be smoothly guided through each set of wire wheels 261, 26 by the guiding roller 2412, keeping the optical cable moving along a predetermined path.

[0072] Since the rotation direction of the guide roller 2412 is the same as that of the wire wheel 261, it can help the optical cable to smoothly pass through the wire wheel 261 group 26 along the correct path, reducing the friction between the optical cable and the device components. This design can effectively avoid problems caused by cable jamming, excessive friction or damage, ensuring a smoother cable laying process.

[0073] In order to enable the linkage sleeve 23 to only rotate circumferentially inside the fixed cylinder 21 and prevent the linkage sleeve 23 from axially moving relative to the fixed cylinder 21, the following technical solution is also adopted in this embodiment.

[0074] Specifically, a limit ring 211 is provided on the inner side of the top of the fixed cylinder 21. The upper end of the linkage sleeve 23 abuts against the inner bottom surface of the limit ring 211. A support assembly 27 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the fixed cylinder 21 at the lower end of the linkage sleeve 23. The linkage sleeve 23 can rotate relative to the support assembly 27.

[0075] Adopting the above technical solution, through the cooperation of the limit ring 211 and the support assembly 27, the position of the linkage sleeve 23 in the axial direction of the fixed cylinder 21 can be limited, so that the linkage sleeve 23 can only rotate circumferentially between the limit ring 211 and the support assembly 27.

[0076] As some embodiments, the support assembly 27 includes an annular support frame 271, an annular cage 272 and rolling elements 273. The annular support frame 271 is fixedly arranged on the inner peripheral side of the fixed cylinder 21. The annular cage 272 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the annular support member. A plurality of rolling elements 273 are provided and evenly distributed on the top surface of the annular cage 272. An annular sliding groove 232 is provided on the bottom surface of the linkage sleeve 23 to cooperate with the rolling elements 273.

[0077] Adopting the above technical solution, when the linkage sleeve 23 rotates circumferentially relative to the fixed cylinder 21, the rolling elements 273 on the annular cage 272 can roll in the annular sliding groove 232 on the bottom surface of the linkage sleeve 23. Such a structural setting can reduce the friction force during the rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 and make the rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 smoother.

[0078] In some embodiments, rolling elements 273 can also be provided on the top surface of the linkage sleeve 23 and the bottom surface of the limit ring 211, which can reduce the friction force during the rotation between the linkage sleeve 23 and the limit ring 211. By reducing the friction force between the linkage sleeve 23 and other components during rotation, the resistance can be smaller when the cable coiling rod 11 rotates together with the linkage sleeve 23.

[0079] In order to ensure that the cable coiling rod 11 can move axially relative to the linkage sleeve 23 during the rotation along its own axial direction, in this embodiment, a plurality of guide assemblies 25 are provided on the side wall of the linkage sleeve 23 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. Each guide assembly 25 includes a plurality of guide members 251 arranged along a spiral direction. The spiral direction of the plurality of guide assemblies 25 is consistent with the spiral direction of the cable coiling groove 111.

[0080] With this arrangement, the spiral direction of the guide assembly 25 is consistent with that of the cable winding groove 111, so that when the cable winding rod 11 rotates, the contact surface of the guide member 251 and the linkage sleeve 23 produces a spiral pair transmission effect, strictly converting the rotational motion into axial linear displacement. This coupling design ensures the synchronization of the optical cable release speed (determined by the rotation speed) and the lowering speed of the cable winding rod 11, avoiding the loosening or over-tension of the optical cable due to speed mismatch.

[0081] The multiple guide components 25 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the linkage sleeve 23, ensuring that the guiding force on the optical cable during the release process is annularly symmetrically distributed. This design can offset the unilateral eccentric force when the cable coiling rod 11 rotates, avoiding the distortion of the optical cable or the wear of the linkage sleeve 23 caused by uneven force.

[0082] The spiral direction of the guide assembly 25 is consistent with the spiral direction of the cable winding groove 111, so that the release trajectory of the optical cable when it is separated from the cable winding groove 111 completely coincides with the guide path of the guide member 251. When the cable winding rod 11 rotates, the optical cable not only separates in the spiral winding direction of the cable winding groove 111, but also slides along the spiral path of the guide member 251, forming a "double spiral synchronous guidance", which significantly improves the stability of the release path.

[0083] The spiral cooperation between the guide assembly 25 and the cable winding groove 111 directly converts the rotary motion of the cable winding rod 11 into axial linear motion. When the cable winding rod 11 rotates around its own axis, the spiral contact surface between the guide assembly 25 and the linkage sleeve 23 produces relative displacement, driving the cable winding assembly 1 to move downward as a whole. This design realizes the strict synchronization of rotary release and axial displacement, avoiding the cable accumulation or tensile breakage caused by the mismatch between the rotation speed and the lowering speed in the traditional device.

[0084] As some embodiments, the guide member 251 includes a first ball 2511, a second ball 2512 and a fixed seat 2513, wherein the fixed seat 2513 is fixedly disposed in the side wall of the linkage sleeve 23, the first ball 2511 and the second ball 2512 are rotatably disposed on both sides of the fixed seat 2513, respectively, the first ball 2511 is cooperatively connected with the cable groove 111, and the second ball 2512 is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 21.

[0085] With the above technical solution, the first ball 2511 forms a rolling contact with the cable coiling groove 111, converting the sliding friction during the rotation of the cable coiling rod 11 into rolling friction, reducing the frictional resistance between the cable coiling groove 111 and the guide member 251, enabling the cable coiling rod 11 to move more smoothly relative to the linkage sleeve 23 during the helical movement, and allowing the cable coiling rod 11 to move axially smoothly, avoiding fluctuations or jams in the cable release speed caused by excessive frictional resistance.

[0086] For the second ball 2512 and the inner wall structure of the fixed cylinder 21, when the circumferential rotation between the linkage sleeve 23 and the fixed cylinder 21 is released, during the rotation of the cable coiling rod 11, the guide assembly 25 drives the linkage sleeve 23 to rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed cylinder 21 synchronously. During the rotation of the linkage sleeve 23, the linkage sleeve 23 can generate a smaller contact area with the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 21 through the second ball 2512, reducing the frictional resistance and enabling the overall linkage sleeve 23 and the cable coiling rod 11 to rotate smoothly relative to the fixed cylinder 21.

[0087] It should be noted that when the cable coiling rod 11 rotates, the cable coiling groove 111 of its helical structure forms a helical pair with the first ball 2511. Since the linkage sleeve 23 is circumferentially constrained by the fixed cylinder 21, the rotational movement of the cable coiling rod 11 is forcibly converted into the axial displacement of the helical pair. At this time, the cable coiling rod 11 only undergoes axial movement.

[0088] When the circumferential rotation restriction between the linkage sleeve 23 and the fixed cylinder 21 is released, the linkage sleeve 23 can rotate freely around its own axis. When the cable coiling rod 11 rotates, the cable coiling groove 111 of the helical structure still forms a helical pair with the first ball 2511. Since the linkage sleeve 23 can rotate freely, the rotational freedom of the helical pair is released, causing the rotational torque of the cable coiling rod 11 to be transmitted to the linkage sleeve 23 through the helical pair, driving the linkage sleeve 23 to rotate synchronously. The axial movement requirement of the helical pair is offset by the rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 (i.e., the axial thrust generated by the helix angle is converted into the rotational kinetic energy of the linkage sleeve 23), and the rotation of the linkage sleeve 23 is realized through the rolling contact between the second ball 2512 and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 21 to achieve low-friction rotation.

[0089] As some embodiments, the wire pay-off assembly 2 further includes an anchoring member 28. A plurality of horizontal rotating shafts are circumferentially spaced at the lower edge of the fixed cylinder 21. One end of the anchoring member 28 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed cylinder 21 through the horizontal rotating shaft. The other end of the anchoring member 28 has an anchoring portion 281 for anchoring to the inner wall of the drill pipe. The anchoring portion 281 is set as an arc-shaped or tooth-shaped structure, matching the cylindrical surface of the inner wall of the drill pipe, and enhancing the anchoring frictional force through surface contact or engagement.

[0090] With the above structural arrangement, when the entire optical cable lowering device is in use, the wire laying component 2 is implanted inside the drill pipe. By lifting the anchoring member 28, the anchoring member 28 rotates and opens relative to the fixed cylinder 21. When the anchoring member 28 opens, the anchoring portion 281 on the anchoring member 28 contacts the inner wall of the drill pipe. At this time, the anchoring portion 281 only generates an initial static friction force by relying on the opening angle. Then, a downward pressure is applied to the entire lowering device. The anchoring member 28 receives the reaction force from the inner wall of the drill pipe, forming a self-locking lever effect, so that the entire optical cable lowering device is fixed to the drill pipe. During the process of lowering the drill pipe, the optical cable lowering device is lowered synchronously. At the same time, the entire optical cable lowering device releases the optical cable in sections inside the drill pipe. When the optical cable is completely released, the connection between the fixed cylinder 21 and the drill pipe can be released by lifting the anchoring member 28, and the optical cable lowering device can be taken out of the drill pipe.

[0091] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for lowering an optical cable while drilling, characterized in that: include: A cable coiling assembly, the cable coiling assembly comprising a cable coiling rod and an optical cable, the outer peripheral wall of the cable coiling rod is provided with a cable coiling groove of a spiral structure, the optical cable is coiled in sections along the axial direction of the cable coiling rod, each section is coiled in a plurality of layers, and each section is arranged at intervals; A wire-releasing assembly, comprising a fixed cylinder, a locking structure, a linkage sleeve and a driving assembly; The linkage sleeve is coaxially sleeved inside the fixed cylinder, the end of the cable coiling rod that is not wound with the optical cable is inserted into the linkage sleeve and can rotate relative to the wire-releasing assembly, and the side wall of the linkage sleeve is provided with a guide assembly that is spirally matched with the cable coiling groove; The locking structure is arranged between the fixed cylinder and the linkage sleeve, and is used to limit or release the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve relative to the fixed cylinder; The drive assembly is arranged on the optical cable release path at the top of the fixed cylinder, and is used to respond to the triggering or disengagement of the optical cable, and correspondingly drive the locking structure to release or restrict the circumferential rotation of the linkage sleeve relative to the fixed cylinder.

2. The optical cable lowering device for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking structure includes locking teeth and a locking piece. An annular step is provided on the outer peripheral side of the upper end of the linkage sleeve. The locking teeth are distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the annular step. At least two locking pieces are provided, which are evenly arranged on the annular step and connected to the driving component. A matching tooth meshing with the locking tooth is provided on the inner side of the locking piece. The driving component is used to drive the locking piece to move up and down along the axial direction of the linkage sleeve.

3. The optical cable lowering device while drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a pressing plate, an elastic member and a connecting rod. The pressing plate is an annular structure, which is coaxially located on the top surface of the fixed cylinder. The inner side of the pressing plate and the cable coiling rod are gap-matched, and the gap between the pressing plate and the cable coiling rod is smaller than the diameter of the optical cable. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the pressing plate, and the other end vertically moves through the fixed cylinder and is fixedly connected to the locking member. The elastic member is sleeved on the connecting rod, and one end of the elastic member is abutted against the pressing plate, and the other end is abutted against the top surface of the fixed cylinder.

4. The optical cable lowering device while drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pay-off assembly also includes a plurality of wire wheel assemblies, which are arranged in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder. The wire wheel assemblies include two relatively rotating wire wheels, the rotation axis of the wire wheels is perpendicular to the axis of the solid cylinder, and a guide gap is formed between the two wire wheels for the optical cable to pass through.

5. The optical cable lowering device while drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressing plate is provided with a notch extending along the spiral path of the wire wheel assembly, a guide roller is rotatably provided at the notch, and the rotation direction of the guide roller is consistent with the rotation direction of the wire wheel.

6. The optical cable lowering device while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting ring is arranged inside the top of the fixed cylinder, the upper end of the linkage sleeve abuts against the inner bottom surface of the limiting ring, a supporting assembly is fixedly arranged inside the fixed cylinder at the lower end of the linkage sleeve, and the linkage sleeve can rotate relative to the supporting assembly.

7. The optical cable lowering device while drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support assembly includes an annular support frame, an annular retaining frame and a rolling element. The annular support frame is fixedly arranged on the inner circumference of the fixed cylinder, the annular retaining frame is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the annular support element, a plurality of rolling elements are arranged and evenly distributed on the top surface of the annular retaining frame, and an annular groove matching the rolling element is arranged on the bottom surface of the linkage sleeve.

8. The optical cable lowering device while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the linkage sleeve is provided with a plurality of guide assemblies at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, each guide assembly comprises a plurality of guide members arranged along a spiral direction, and the spiral direction of the plurality of guide assemblies is consistent with the spiral direction of the cable winding groove.

9. The optical cable lowering device while drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide member includes a first ball, a second ball and a fixed seat. The fixed seat is fixedly arranged in the side wall of the linkage sleeve. The first ball and the second ball are rotatably arranged on both sides of the fixed seat respectively. The first ball is matched and connected with the cable groove, and the second ball is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed cylinder.

10. The optical cable lowering device while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The line-releasing assembly also includes an anchor, and a plurality of horizontal rotation shafts are circumferentially spaced at the lower edge of the fixed cylinder. One end of the anchor is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed cylinder through the horizontal rotation shaft, and the other end of the anchor has an anchoring portion for anchoring to the inner wall of the drill pipe.

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