Center-adjustable well drilling wellhead device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pressure control drilling, in particular to an adjustable center type drilling wellhead device. According to the adjustable center type well drilling wellhead device, the device body is installed at a wellhead, the control system controls and detects the device body, the device body gathers a shell to be installed at the wellhead, a rotating assembly is installed on the shell through a spherical seat outer barrel and freely rotates, and the direction of the rotating assembly is controlled through a hydraulic cylinder; an upper fixing cover is arranged on the spherical seat outer cylinder to fix and lock the position of the spherical seat outer cylinder, cavity ball seat seals are arranged between the shell and the spherical seat outer cylinder, and each cavity ball seat seal is connected with a pressurizing connector used for pressurizing through an oil pipe. According to the adjustable center type well drilling wellhead device, by arranging the rotating assembly, the center line of the device can be adjusted; by arranging the sensor and connecting the sensor with the control system, the device is monitored in real time, the abnormal working state is responded and processed in time, and the safety and the working stability of the device are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pressure-controlled drilling, and particularly to an adjustable center type drilling wellhead device. Background Art

[0002] Wellhead blowout prevention is an important condition for realizing long-term balanced drilling and pressure-controlled drilling technologies. Generally, a rotating blowout preventer is installed at the wellhead to achieve wellhead blowout prevention. The existing rotating blowout preventer is installed at the upper end of the well control equipment at the wellhead and is used in assembly with well pressure blowout preventers, hydraulic blowout preventers, drill string check valves, downhole casing valves, etc. In the prior art, the center line of the existing rotating blowout preventer is fixed. When the drill string deflects, it cannot be adjusted adaptively with the deflection of the drill string, resulting in deterioration and failure of the sealing condition and reduction of the service life of the equipment. Therefore, in view of the above deficiencies, an adjustable center type drilling wellhead device is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable center type drilling wellhead device. When the drill string deflects from the wellhead center line, the center line of the device cannot be adjusted with the deflection of the drill string, resulting in sealing failure and wear of the blowout preventer, and the problem that the operating state of the device cannot be detected in real time, leading to device failure and shutdown.

[0004] (II) Technical Solutions To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an adjustable center type drilling wellhead device, including: A device main body and a control system. The device main body is connected to the control system, and the control system can adjust the state of the device main body according to the data obtained from the device main body; The device main body includes a housing, a sealing device, a locking device, and a rotating assembly. The rotating assembly includes a spherical seat outer cylinder installed at the center of the top end of the housing. The center of the housing is matched with the spherical outer cylinder so that the rotating assembly can freely rotate on the housing; a plurality of hydraulic cylinders are arranged outside the spherical seat outer cylinder. Both ends of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the spherical seat outer cylinder and the housing to form an angle adjustment mechanism; a plurality of sensors are arranged on the rotating assembly, and each sensor is connected to the control system. The control system calculates and analyzes the position and state of the drill string and the rotating assembly according to the signals of the sensors; The sealing device includes a plurality of annular cavity ball seat seals. The cavity ball seat seals are horizontally installed between the spherical seat outer cylinder and the housing and are concentric with the housing. Each cavity ball seat seal is connected to a pressure charging joint through an oil pipe; The locking device includes an upper fixing cover installed above the outer cylinder of the spherical seat. The upper fixing cover is concentric with the outer cylinder of the spherical seat and has a diameter larger than that of the outer cylinder of the spherical seat. An installation hole with a shape and diameter matching that of the outer cylinder of the spherical seat is provided in the middle. A pressure device is provided on the upper fixing cover, and both ends of the pressure device are connected to the upper fixing cover and the outer cylinder of the spherical seat respectively. After the upper fixing cover is pressurized, the position of the rotating assembly is locked.

[0005] Preferably, a vertical central tube is provided inside the outer cylinder of the spherical seat, and a plurality of stress sensors are evenly arranged on the central tube. The stress sensors are connected to the control system.

[0006] Preferably, the central tube and the outer cylinder of the spherical seat are connected by bearings. The space between the central tube and the outer cylinder of the spherical seat is sealed and lubricating oil is provided inside.

[0007] Preferably, a rubber core is provided at the bottom of the rotating assembly, and the inner diameter of the rubber core shrinks in the middle.

[0008] Preferably, several state sensors are provided around the bearing and on the outer cylinder of the bearing seat. The state sensors are connected to the control system. The state sensors include temperature sensors, pressure sensors and vibration sensors. The control system monitors the operating state of the bearing in real time.

[0009] Preferably, a displacement sensor is provided on each hydraulic cylinder. The displacement sensor and the hydraulic cylinder are both connected to the control system. The telescopic state of the hydraulic cylinder is sent to the control system through the displacement sensor. The control system processes according to the signal of the displacement sensor and calculates the direction and position of the rotating assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure device is a hydraulic device. The hydraulic device is connected to the control system. The control system coordinates and controls other components of the hydraulic device. When adjusting the direction of the rotating assembly, the control system controls the hydraulic device to release pressure, and the rest of the time is in a pressurized state.

[0011] (III) Beneficial effects The adjustable center type drilling wellhead device provided by the present invention can adjust its own center line with the deviation of the drill string center line through the rotating assembly that can freely rotate on the housing, maintain the sealing performance of the device, reduce the wear of the device, and extend the service life of the device; by setting sensors on the rotating assembly and connecting the sensors to the control system, the working state of the device can be monitored in real time, and timely response and treatment can be made to the abnormal working state of the device, avoiding the occurrence of safety and production accidents, and improving the safety and working stability of the device. Brief description of the drawings

[0012] Figure 1 It is the main structure diagram of the adjustable center type drilling wellhead device of the present invention; Figure 2This is the operation structure diagram of the control system for the adjustable center type drilling wellhead device of the present invention.

[0013] Among them, 1. Central pipe of the rotary assembly; 2. Stress sensor; 3. State sensor; 4. Bearing; 5. Hydraulic cylinder with displacement sensor; 6. Outer cylinder of the spherical seat of the rotary assembly; 7. Fixed cover on the assembly; 8. Ball seat sealing and pressurizing joint; 9. Cavity ball seat seal; 10. Housing; 11. Rubber core. Embodiment

[0014] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0015] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", etc. is all based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. The purpose is only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, and does not indicate or imply that the components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0016] As Figure 1-2 shown, the present invention provides an adjustable center type drilling wellhead device, specifically including: a device main body and a control device. The device main body is installed at the wellhead, and the drill string passes through the device main body and then goes down into the well. The device main body cooperates with the blowout preventer device underground to keep the wellhead stable on the premise of the normal operation of the drill string; the control system is connected to the device body, judges the state and position of the device and the drill string according to the data collected from the device body, and controls the device main body to make adjustments according to the state of the drill string.

[0017] Among them, the device main body includes a housing 10, a sealing device, a locking device and a rotary assembly. The housing 10 is installed at the wellhead as the main body of the device to fix the position of the wellhead device; the rotary assembly is installed on the housing 10 and can rotate in any direction on the housing 10. The drill string goes down through the rotary assembly into the well. When the drill string deviates from the center line of the wellhead, the rotary assembly can rotate according to the deviation of the drill string and adjust its own center line to coincide with the drill string, maintaining the sealing performance of the device and reducing the wear of the device.

[0018] It should be noted that the locking device fixes the rotating assembly on the housing 10, and when the locking device operates, it fixes the position and direction of the rotating assembly; the sealing device is arranged between the housing 10 and the rotating assembly to maintain the sealing performance of the device and prevent the well fluid below from escaping upward from the wellhead. Generally, the locking device and the sealing device are in an operating state during the normal operation of the device. At this time, the locking device fixes the position and direction of the rotating assembly, and the sealing device seals the housing 10 and the rotating assembly; when the direction and state of the rotating assembly need to be adjusted, the locking device and the sealing device are in a depressurized state, and the rotating assembly can be adjusted in direction.

[0019] In the present invention, the rotating assembly includes a spherical seat outer cylinder 6. The lower part of the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 is spherical and is installed at the center of the housing 10. A groove matching the shape of the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 is provided at the center of the housing 10. After the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 is installed with the housing 10, it can rotate in any direction, thereby changing the direction of its center line. During the working process, when the center line of the drill string is offset relative to the center line of the wellhead, the center line of the device is adjusted to the same position as the drill string by adjusting the direction of the spherical seat outer cylinder 6. At this time, the device can cooperate with the drill string after the center line is offset to work normally, maintain the sealing performance of the device, reduce the wear of the device caused by the center line offset, and extend the service life of the device.

[0020] Among them, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 5 are provided around the spherical seat outer cylinder 6. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is installed on the outer wall of the spherical seat outer cylinder 6, and the other end is installed on the upper surface of the housing 10 to form an angle adjustment mechanism. By adjusting the telescopic lengths of different hydraulic cylinders 5, the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 can be pushed to offset in any direction. Generally, the number of the hydraulic cylinders 5 is at least three and they are evenly arranged around the spherical seat outer cylinder 6, so that the forces between each hydraulic cylinder 5 are uniform when adjusting the spherical seat outer cylinder 6, preventing the situation that a single hydraulic cylinder 5 is stressed concentratedly and causing damage to the device, improving the stability of the device, reducing inspection and maintenance work, and saving working time.

[0021] It should be noted that a displacement sensor is provided on each hydraulic cylinder 5, and the control system is connected to each hydraulic cylinder 5 and the displacement sensor at the same time. The displacement sensor monitors the telescopic amount of its corresponding hydraulic cylinder 5 at all times and transmits the obtained data to the control system. The control system calculates the current position and direction of the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 based on the obtained data; when the square of the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 needs to be adjusted, the control system calculates the action amount of each hydraulic cylinder 5 according to the current state and the target state of the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 and controls the hydraulic cylinder 5 to act according to the calculation result. During the action process, the signal transmitted by the displacement sensor is used as feedback to judge whether the action is completed.

[0022] Such as Figure 1As shown, a vertical central tube 1 is concentrically arranged inside the spherical seat outer cylinder 6. The drill string passes downward through the central tube 1 and enters the well. A plurality of stress sensors 2 are evenly arranged on the central tube 1. The stress sensors 2 are all connected to the control system to monitor the stress at each point on the central tube 1 in real time and send the monitoring data to the control system. When the center line of the drill string deviates, the contact state between the drill string and the central tube 1 changes, causing the stress distribution on the central tube 1 to change. The control system calculates the deviation direction and deviation amount of the drill string at this time based on the stress distribution state on the central tube 1, and then calculates the target position for adjusting the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 according to the center line deviation amount of the drill string.

[0023] Among them, the central tube 1 and the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 are connected by a bearing 4. During operation, under the action of the drill string, the central tube 1 will rotate with the rotation of the drill string. Connecting the central tube 1 and the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 through the bearing 4 can maximize the reduction of the friction between the central tube 1 and the spherical seat outer cylinder 6. At the same time, in order to keep the bearing 4 working normally and reduce the wear of the bearing 4, the space between the central tube 1 and the spherical seat outer cylinder 6 is filled with lubricating oil and sealed to lubricate the bearing 4, further reducing the friction between components, reducing the wear and energy loss of the device, and improving work efficiency.

[0024] It should be noted that a plurality of state sensors are arranged around the bearing 4 and on the bearing seat outer cylinder 6. The state sensors include a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a vibration sensor. The state sensors are connected to the control system and can monitor the operating state parameters of the bearing 4 in real time. When the state of the bearing 4 exceeds the normal operating state parameters, the control system issues a warning to the operator, reminding the operator to respond and handle the abnormal operating state in a timely manner, preventing accidents such as device failure and shutdown caused by untimely handling, and improving the stability and safety of the device operation.

[0025] In addition, a rubber core 11 is arranged below the spherical seat outer cylinder 6. The rubber core 11 and the central tube 1 are concentrically arranged and the inner diameter shrinks in the middle. The drill string passes downward through the rubber core 11 after passing through the central tube 1. The structure with the shrinking inner diameter of the rubber core 11 cooperates with the drill string to further seal the drill string and improve the sealing performance of the device.

[0026] In the present invention, the locking device includes an upper fixing cover 7 installed above the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat. The upper fixing cover 7 is concentric with the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat and has a diameter larger than that of the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat. An installation hole with a shape and diameter matching that of the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat is provided in the middle. A pressure device is provided on the upper fixing cover 7, and both ends of the pressure device are connected to the upper fixing cover 7 and the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat respectively. After the upper fixing cover 7 is pressed, the position of the rotating assembly is locked. Under normal working conditions, the pressure device always maintains a pressurized state. At this time, after the upper fixing cover 7 is pressed, it presses down on the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat to fix the direction and position of the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat, preventing the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat from shaking under force during drilling, resulting in collisions and wear between the device and the drill tool, reducing the wear amount of the device, and extending the service life of the device.

[0027] Among them, when it is necessary to adjust the square and position of the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat, the pressure component acts to the depressurized state, the upper fixing cover 7 relaxes and releases the locking state of the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat. At this time, the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat can move freely. Generally, the pressure device is a hydraulic component, which can provide stable high pressure for the device.

[0028] It should be noted that the pressure device is connected to the control system, and its pressurization and depressurization are controlled by the control system, synchronized with the adjustment of the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat, which can achieve fast, efficient, and timely adjustment, improve the working efficiency of the device, and save working time.

[0029] As Figure 1 shown, the sealing device includes a number of annular cavity ball seat seals 9. The cavity ball seat seals 9 are horizontally installed between the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat and the housing 10 and are concentric with the housing 10. Each cavity ball seat seal 9 is connected to a pressure filling joint 8 through an oil pipe. When pressure oil is injected into the pressure filling joint 8, the cavity ball seat seal 9 expands and presses against the bottom of the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat to seal between it and the housing 10, preventing liquid leakage and improving the sealing performance of the device.

[0030] Generally, the cavity ball seat seal 9 always maintains an expanded state. While maintaining the sealing of the device, it cooperates with the upper fixing cover 7 to further fix the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat. Only when it is necessary to adjust the square and position of the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat, the pressure oil is drained through the pressure filling joint 8, the cavity ball seat seal 9 is compressed under force and releases the locking state of the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat. At this time, the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat can move freely.

[0031] It should be noted that the pressure source of the pressure oil is connected to the control system, and its pressurization and depressurization are controlled by the control system, synchronized with the adjustment of the outer cylinder 6 of the spherical seat, which can achieve fast, efficient, and timely adjustment, improve the working efficiency of the device, and save working time.

[0032] As Figure 2As shown, the operating structure of the control system is as follows: First, the position and operating state of the device are monitored in real time through the state sensor 3 and the stress sensor 2.

[0033] Then, when the center line of the drill string deviates, the adjustment method is obtained through information processing and calculation based on the data change of the sensors.

[0034] Next, according to the adjustment information, the angle adjustment mechanism is controlled to adjust the device, and at the same time, a fault alarm and a status prompt are sent to the staff.

[0035] In this process, the signal changes continuously obtained by the sensors are used as the feedback of the adjustment, and the device is continuously adjusted until the device resumes normal operation.

[0036] The adjustable center type drilling wellhead device provided by the present invention can adjust the center line of the device along with the deviation of the drill string when the drill string deviates from the center line of the wellhead, and can monitor the operating state of the device in real time. The specific working process of the device is as follows: Step 1: Install the device at the wellhead according to the working requirements for work. At this time, the drill string passes through the device and enters the well, and the gravity sensor and the state sensor keep monitoring various parameters of the device in real time and sending the monitoring results to the control system.

[0037] Step 2: When the center line of the drill string deviates, the device adjusts the spherical seat outer cylinder according to the degree of its deviation. In this process, due to the deviation of the drill string, the stress distribution monitored by the stress sensor changes. The control system calculates the deviation direction and deviation amount of the drill string based on the change amount and controls the hydraulic cylinder to act to adjust the center line of the spherical seat outer cylinder to be the same as that of the drill string.

[0038] Step 3: Continuously adjust the device according to the feedback signal of the sensor during the adjustment process. As the state of the device is adjusted, the monitoring signals of the sensors change continuously, and the changed signals are transmitted to the control system as feedback signals. The control system repeats Step 2 according to the feedback signals until the working state of the device returns to normal.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable center type drilling wellhead device, characterized in that, Comprising: A device main body and a control system. The device main body is connected to the control system, and the control system can adjust the state of the device main body according to the data obtained from the device main body; The device main body includes a housing (10), a sealing device, a locking device, and a rotating assembly. The rotating assembly includes a spherical seat outer cylinder (6) installed at the center of the top end of the housing (10). The center of the housing (10) cooperates with the spherical outer cylinder (6) to enable the rotating assembly to freely rotate on the housing (10). A plurality of hydraulic cylinders (5) are provided outside the spherical seat outer cylinder (6). Both ends of the hydraulic cylinder (5) are respectively connected to the spherical seat outer cylinder (6) and the housing (10) to form an angle adjustment mechanism. A plurality of sensors are provided on the rotating assembly, and each sensor is connected to the control system. The control system calculates and analyzes the position and state of the drill tool and the rotating assembly according to the signals of the sensors; The sealing device includes a plurality of annular cavity ball seat seals (9). The cavity ball seat seals (9) are horizontally installed between the spherical seat outer cylinder (6) and the housing (10) and are concentric with the housing (10). Each cavity ball seat seal (9) is connected to a pressure filling joint (8) through an oil pipe; The locking device includes an upper fixing cover (7) installed above the spherical seat outer cylinder (6) at the same time. The upper fixing cover (7) is concentrically arranged with the spherical seat outer cylinder (6) and has a diameter larger than that of the spherical seat outer cylinder (6). An installation hole with a shape and diameter matching that of the spherical seat outer cylinder (6) is provided in the middle. A pressure device is provided on the upper fixing cover (7). Both ends of the pressure device are respectively connected to the upper fixing cover (7) and the spherical seat outer cylinder (6). After the upper fixing cover (7) is pressurized, the position of the rotating assembly is locked; 2. The adjustable center type drilling wellhead device according to claim 1, wherein, A vertical central tube (1) is provided inside the spherical seat outer cylinder (6). A plurality of stress sensors (2) are evenly provided on the central tube (1), and the stress sensors (2) are connected to the control system; 3. The adjustable center type drilling wellhead device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central tube (1) and the spherical seat outer cylinder (6) are connected through a bearing (4). The space between the central tube (1) and the spherical seat outer cylinder (6) is sealed and filled with lubricating oil inside; 4. The adjustable center type wellhead device for drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, A rubber core (11) is provided at the bottom of the rotating assembly. The rubber core (11) is concentrically arranged with the central tube (1) and its inner diameter shrinks in the middle; 5. The adjustable center type wellhead device for drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of state sensors (3) are provided around the bearing (4) and on the bearing seat outer cylinder (6). The state sensors (3) are connected to the control system. The state sensors (3) include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and vibration sensors. The control system monitors the operating state of the bearing (4) in real time; 6. The adjustable center type drilling wellhead device according to claim 1, wherein, A displacement sensor is provided on each hydraulic cylinder (5). The displacement sensor and the hydraulic cylinder (5) are both connected to the control system. The telescopic state of the hydraulic cylinder is sent to the control system through the displacement sensor. The control system processes the signals of the displacement sensor and calculates the direction and position of the rotating assembly; 7. The adjustable center type drilling wellhead device according to claim 1, wherein The pressure device is a hydraulic device, and the hydraulic device is connected to the control system. The control system uniformly coordinates and controls other components of the hydraulic device. When adjusting the direction of the rotating assembly, the control system controls the hydraulic device to release pressure, and the rest of the time is in a pressurized state.

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