Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable flow number on water side

Abstract

The invention discloses a water side flow number variable shell-and-tube heat exchanger which comprises a shell and a working box, the left end of the top of the shell is fixedly connected with two butt joint pipes, the middle end of an inner cavity of the shell is fixedly provided with heat exchange pipes, and the heat exchange pipes are divided into four groups; the left end of an inner cavity of the shell is fixedly connected with a first flow guide plate, the right end of the inner cavity of the shell is fixedly connected with a second flow guide plate, and the left side of the shell is movably connected with a first blocking cover. In the actual operation and use process of the heat exchanger, the flow number of the heat exchange pipes in the heat exchanger can be correspondingly adjusted according to the flow of the water body, when the flow of the water side is large, the heat exchange pipes can be adjusted from four flows to two flows, the flow speed and pressure of the water body are adjusted by increasing the number of the heat exchange pipes of all the flows, and the flow rate of the water body is increased. Large erosion to the heat exchange tube due to high water pressure is effectively avoided, and the overall service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and particularly to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable water-side passes. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the commercial water chiller market, the currently developed standard units can no longer meet the non-standard and customized needs of the market. The operating conditions of the original units have changed from the previous single condition to the current multi-conditions. The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water of the evaporator and condenser has changed from the standard 5°C to the current 8°C or even 10°C.

[0003] As one of the core components of commercial water chillers, the heat transfer capacity of the evaporator and condenser directly affects the capacity and energy efficiency of the unit. On the premise that the refrigerating capacity of the unit remains unchanged, if the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water increases, the inlet and outlet water flow rates will decrease significantly, which will synchronously lead to a decrease in the water flow velocity inside the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchanger, seriously affecting the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger; if the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water decreases, the water flow rate will increase significantly. Although the heat exchange effect is improved, the water-side pressure loss will increase significantly, affecting the circulation of the air-conditioning water system. At the same time, the high water flow velocity inside the heat exchange tubes will aggravate the erosion and corrosion of the heat exchange tubes, affecting the service life of the unit. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable water-side passes, which has the advantages that when the water-side flow rate increases, it can adopt methods such as changing from 4 passes to 2 passes, and by increasing the number of heat exchange tubes in each pass, the pressure and flow velocity of the water body inside the heat exchange tubes can be adjusted. On the contrary, when the water flow rate decreases, the water flow velocity inside the heat exchange tubes can also be increased through the above reverse operation, effectively improving the heat exchange operation effect, while reducing the impact of water pressure erosion on the heat exchange tubes and improving the overall service life.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable number of water-side processes, including a shell and a working box. At the left end of the top of the shell, there are two butt joints fixed. In the middle of the inner cavity of the shell, there is a heat exchange tube fixed. The heat exchange tube is divided into four groups. At the left end of the inner cavity of the shell, there is a first guide plate fixed. At the right end of the inner cavity of the shell, there is a second guide plate fixed. On the left side of the shell, there is a first plug cover movably connected. In the inner cavity of the first plug cover, there is a first adjustable guide plate fixed. In the middle of the outer surface of the first plug cover, there is a first gear ring fixed. On the right side of the shell, there is a second plug cover movably connected. In the inner cavity of the second plug cover, there is a second adjustable guide plate fixed. In the middle of the outer surface of the second plug cover, there is a second gear ring fixed. At the upper end of the left side of the outer surface of the working box, there is a stepping motor fixed. At the output end of the stepping motor, there is a rotating rod fixed. On the right side of the rotating rod, there is a second gear fixed. On the left end of the rotating rod, there is a first synchronous pulley fixed. At the upper end of the left side of the working box, there is a rotating shaft movably connected through a bearing. On the left side of the rotating shaft, there is a first gear fixed. On the right side of the rotating shaft, there is a second synchronous pulley fixed. Between the middle of the second synchronous pulley and the middle of the first synchronous pulley, there is a synchronous belt drivingly connected. The above technical solutions have the following advantages: dynamic adaptability, according to the change of water flow, switch between 4 processes and 2 processes (such as switch to 2 processes at high flow rate to reduce the flow rate of each process, lower the flow velocity and pressure, and prevent erosion; switch to 4 processes at low flow rate to increase the flow velocity and improve the heat exchange efficiency). Compatible with multiple working conditions, adapt to different inlet and outlet water temperature differences (such as 5°C, 8°C, 10°C), and expand the application range of the unit. Prolong the service life, reduce the corrosion risk of the heat exchange tube by adjusting the flow velocity and pressure.

[0006] As a preferred solution, at both ends of the outer surface of the shell, there are annular frame plates fixed. On the outer surfaces of the first plug cover and the second plug cover, there are annular sealing frames fixed. The inner cavity of the annular sealing frame is movably connected to the surface of the annular frame plate. The above technical solutions have the following advantages: positioning and sealing, through the cooperation of the frame plate and the sealing frame, ensure the accurate position of the plug cover during rotation and prevent deviation; double sealing (first / second rubber rings) enhances the leak prevention ability.

[0007] As a preferred solution, on the mutually remote sides of the two annular frame plates, there is a first rubber ring fixed. The surface of the first rubber ring contacts the inner cavity of the annular sealing frame. Between the four circumferences of the inner cavity of the annular sealing frame, there is a second rubber ring fixed. The surface of the second rubber ring contacts the surface of the annular frame plate. The above technical solutions have the following advantages: multiple sealing guarantees, the elastic contact of the rubber rings forms a redundant sealing barrier to further prevent the leakage of high-pressure water flow.

[0008] As a preferred solution, a frame body is fixedly connected between the two ends of the outer surface of the housing. The bottom of the outer surface of the working box is fixedly connected to the middle end of the frame body. A first support frame is fixedly connected to the left side of the frame body. The left end of the first support frame is movably connected to the left end of a rotating shaft through a bearing. A second support frame is fixedly connected to the right side of the frame body. The right end of the second support frame is movably connected to the right end of a rotating rod through a bearing. The left end of the rotating rod is movably connected to the upper end of the right side of the working box. The above technical solution has the following advantages: structural stability. The support frames ensure that the transmission components (gears, synchronous pulleys) maintain coaxiality during rotation, avoiding mechanical failures caused by uneven stress.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the first gear meshes with the first toothed ring, and the second gear meshes with the second toothed ring. The above technical solution has the following advantages: precise transmission. The gear set directly drives the plug cover to rotate, ensuring the mechanical reliability of the position adjustment of the flow guiding plate.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the transmission ratio of the first gear to the second gear is 1:2, and the first toothed ring and the second toothed ring have the same specifications. The above technical solution has the following advantages: synchronous movement optimization. The rotation angle differences of the plug covers (such as the left plug cover rotates 45° and the right plug cover rotates 90°) match the positions of the flow guiding plates required for the process switching, realizing the efficient conversion of different process modes.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the transmission ratio of the first synchronous pulley to the second synchronous pulley is 1. The above technical solution has the following advantages: power synchronous distribution. It ensures the synchronous rotation of the rotating shaft and the rotating rod, avoiding the misalignment of the flow channels caused by the asynchronous actions of the left and right plug covers.

[0012] As a preferred solution, a maintenance board is fixedly installed on the front surface of the working box, and the maintenance board is rectangular in shape. The above technical solution has the following advantages: maintenance convenience. It is convenient to repair internal components such as the stepping motor and gears, reducing the maintenance cost.

[0013] As a preferred solution, a flange is fixedly connected to the top of the docking pipe, and mounting holes are provided around the flange. The above technical solution has the following advantages: quick installation. The standardized flange interface simplifies the connection with external pipelines and adapts to different pipeline systems.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the right side of the first adjustable flow guiding plate contacts the left side of the first flow guiding plate, and the left side of the second adjustable flow guiding plate contacts the right side of the second flow guiding plate. The above technical solution has the following advantages: uniform flow guiding. When the flow guiding plates are closed, a continuous flow channel is formed, avoiding water flow short - circuit or turbulence and ensuring uniform heat transfer.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: flexible adjustment of the number of flows, switching between 4 flows and 2 flows is achieved through a mechanical adjustment mechanism, solving the problem that fixed-flow heat exchangers cannot adapt to flow changes; anti-leakage design, annular sealing structure and rubber ring combination improve sealing reliability under high pressure; structural stability, frame and support frame design to ensure the stability of transmission components during long-term operation; heat exchange efficiency optimization, adaptation to different flow rates and flow lengths, maximizing heat exchange efficiency and reducing erosion losses. The details are as follows: During the actual operation and use of the heat exchanger of the present invention, the number of processes of the heat exchange tubes inside the heat exchanger can be adjusted according to the flow rate of the water body. When the flow rate on the water side is large, the heat exchange tubes can be adjusted from 4 processes to 2 processes. By increasing the number of heat exchange tubes in each process to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the water body, it is effectively avoided that the heat exchange tubes are eroded due to the high water pressure, and the overall service life is improved. When the flow rate on the water side is small, the heat exchange tubes are adjusted from 2 processes to 4 processes, and the number of heat exchange tubes in each process is reduced, thereby effectively improving the water flow rate in the heat exchange tubes and effectively increasing the heat exchange stroke, thereby greatly improving the effect of the heat exchange operation.

[0016] The present invention can evenly distribute the water flow inside the shell to the heat exchange tubes of each process during the operation of the heat exchanger by correspondingly adding a first regulating guide plate, a first guide plate, a second regulating guide plate and a second guide plate between the shell and the first plugging cover and the second plugging cover, thereby effectively avoiding a large stratification phenomenon in the water temperature inside the shell and the heat exchange tubes.

[0017] The present invention can effectively limit the first plugging cover, the second plugging cover and the shell body by setting the annular frame plate and the annular sealing frame, thereby avoiding displacement and misalignment between the first plugging cover, the second plugging cover and the shell body. At the same time, by setting the first rubber ring and the second rubber ring, the sealing performance of the contact between the annular frame plate and the annular sealing frame is effectively improved, thereby effectively avoiding leakage of water during the process of transporting and exchanging heat.

[0018] The present invention achieves the purpose of supporting the working box and the shell body through the arrangement of the frame body. Through the arrangement of the first support frame and the second support frame, the rotating shaft and one end of the rotating rod can be effectively supported respectively to prevent the rotating shaft and the rotating rod from tilting due to the rotation force. Through the arrangement of the maintenance plate, it is convenient for personnel to perform maintenance work on the components inside the working box at a later stage. Through the arrangement of the flange plate, it is convenient for personnel to dock and install the docking pipe with the external water supply pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a stereogram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the working box of the present invention when viewed from above; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the front sectional structure of the housing of the present invention; Figure 4 State diagram of the first adjusting guide plate and the first guide plate in the 4-process of the present invention; Figure 5 State diagram of the second adjusting guide plate and the second guide plate in the 4-process of the present invention; Figure 6 State diagram of the first adjusting guide plate and the first guide plate in the 2-process of the present invention; Figure 7 State diagram of the second adjusting guide plate and the second guide plate in the 2-process of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Housing; 2. Working box; 3. Frame; 4. Maintenance plate; 5. First plug; 6. First gear ring; 7. Annular seal frame; 8. Docking pipe; 9. Second gear ring; 10. Second plug; 11. First gear; 12. First support frame; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Stepper motor; 15. First synchronous pulley; 16. Rotating rod; 17. Second gear; 18. Second support frame; 19. Synchronous belt; 20. Second synchronous pulley; 21. First guide plate; 22. Second guide plate; 23. First adjusting guide plate; 24. Heat exchange tube; 25. Second adjusting guide plate; 26. Annular frame plate; 27. First rubber ring; 28. Second rubber ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Secondly, the so-called "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that can be included in at least one implementation manner of the present invention. The "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that excludes other embodiments. Embodiment

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 - 7As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable number of water-side processes, including a shell 1 and a working box 2. At the left end of the top of the shell 1, two docking pipes 8 are fixedly connected. In the middle of the inner cavity of the shell 1, a heat exchange tube 24 is fixedly installed. The heat exchange tube 24 is divided into four groups. At the left end of the inner cavity of the shell 1, a first guide plate 21 is fixedly connected. At the right end of the inner cavity of the shell 1, a second guide plate 22 is fixedly connected. On the left side of the shell 1, a first plug cover 5 is movably connected. Inside the inner cavity of the first plug cover 5, a first adjustable guide plate 23 is fixedly connected. In the middle of the outer surface of the first plug cover 5, a first gear ring 6 is fixedly installed. On the right side of the shell 1, a second plug cover 10 is movably connected. Inside the inner cavity of the second plug cover 10, a second adjustable guide plate 25 is fixedly connected. In the middle of the outer surface of the second plug cover 10, a second gear ring 9 is fixedly installed. At the upper end of the left side of the outer surface of the working box 2, a stepping motor 14 is fixedly installed. At the output end of the stepping motor 14, a rotating rod 16 is fixedly installed. On the right side of the rotating rod 16, a second gear 17 is fixedly installed. On the left end of the rotating rod 16, a first synchronous pulley 15 is fixedly installed. At the upper end of the left side of the working box 2, a rotating shaft 13 is movably connected through a bearing. On the left side of the rotating shaft 13, a first gear 11 is fixedly installed. On the right side of the rotating shaft 13, a second synchronous pulley 20 is fixedly installed. Between the middle of the second synchronous pulley 20 and the middle of the first synchronous pulley 15, a synchronous belt 19 is drivingly connected.

[0024] In this technical solution, during the actual operation and use of this heat exchanger, the number of processes of the heat exchange tubes 24 inside this heat exchanger can be adjusted accordingly according to the flow rate of the water body. When the water-side flow rate is large, the heat exchange tubes 24 can be adjusted from 4 processes to 2 processes. By increasing the number of heat exchange tubes 24 in each process, the flow rate and pressure of the water body can be adjusted, effectively avoiding large erosion of the heat exchange tubes 24 due to high water pressure, improving the overall service life. At the same time, when the water-side flow rate is small, by adjusting the heat exchange tubes 24 from 2 processes to 4 processes, the flow rate of the water in the heat exchange tubes 24 is effectively increased by reducing the number of heat exchange tubes 24 in each process, and the heat exchange stroke is effectively increased, thus greatly improving the effect of the heat exchange operation. Embodiment

[0025] On the basis of Embodiment 1, as shown in the present invention Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, both ends of the outer surface of the shell 1 are fixedly connected with annular frame plates 26. The outer surfaces of the first plug cover 5 and the second plug cover 10 are both fixedly connected with annular sealing frames 7. The inner cavity of the annular sealing frame 7 is movably connected to the surface of the annular frame plate 26. On one side of the two annular frame plates 26 away from each other, a first rubber ring 27 is fixedly installed. The surface of the first rubber ring 27 contacts the inner cavity of the annular sealing frame 7. Between the four circumferences of the inner cavity of the annular sealing frame 7, a second rubber ring 28 is fixedly installed. The surface of the second rubber ring 28 contacts the surface of the annular frame plate 26.

[0026] In this technical solution, through the arrangement of the annular frame plate 26 and the annular sealing frame 7, effective limiting can be carried out between the first plug cover 5, the second plug cover 10 and the housing 1, avoiding offset and dislocation between the first plug cover 5, the second plug cover 10 and the housing 1. At the same time, through the arrangement of the first rubber ring 27 and the second rubber ring 28, the sealing performance of the contact between the annular frame plate 26 and the annular sealing frame 7 is effectively improved, effectively avoiding water leakage during the process of water transportation and heat exchange. Embodiment

[0027] On the basis of Embodiment 1, as shown in the present invention Figures 1 - 7 As shown, a frame body 3 is fixedly connected between the two ends of the outer surface of the housing 1. The bottom of the outer surface of the working box 2 is fixedly connected to the middle end of the frame body 3. A first support frame 12 is fixedly connected to the left side of the frame body 3. The left end of the first support frame 12 is movably connected to the left end of the rotating shaft 13 through a bearing. A second support frame 18 is fixedly connected to the right side of the frame body 3. The right end of the second support frame 18 is movably connected to the right end of the rotating rod 16 through a bearing. The left end of the rotating rod 16 is movably connected to the upper end of the right side of the working box 2 through a bearing. The first gear 11 meshes with the first toothed ring 6. The second gear 17 meshes with the second toothed ring 9. The transmission ratio of the first gear 11 to the second gear 17 is 1:2. The first toothed ring 6 and the second toothed ring 9 have the same specifications. The transmission ratio of the first synchronous wheel 15 to the second synchronous wheel 20 is 1. A maintenance plate 4 is fixedly installed on the front surface of the working box 2. The shape of the maintenance plate 4 is rectangular. A flange is fixedly connected to the top of the docking pipe 8, and mounting holes are provided around the flange. The right side of the first adjustable deflector 23 contacts the left side of the first deflector 21. The left side of the second adjustable deflector 25 contacts the right side of the second deflector 22.

[0028] In this technical solution, through the arrangement of the frame body 3, the purpose of supporting the working box 2 and the housing 1 is achieved. Through the arrangement of the first support frame 12 and the second support frame 18, one end of the rotating shaft 13 and the rotating rod 16 can be effectively supported respectively, avoiding the inclination of the rotating shaft 13 and the rotating rod 16 due to rotational force. Through the arrangement of the maintenance plate 4, it is convenient for personnel to carry out maintenance operations on the components inside the working box 2 in the later stage. Through the arrangement of the flange, it is convenient for personnel to dock and install the docking pipe 8 with the external water pipeline.

[0029] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: Since the initial state of this heat exchanger is a 4 - flow process, and when the water supply flow rate is large and it is necessary to adjust this heat exchanger to a 2 - flow process, the external PLC controller starts the stepping motor 14 to work, driving the rotating rod 16, the second gear 17 and the first synchronous wheel 15 to rotate. The rotation of the first synchronous wheel 15 can drive the second synchronous wheel 20, the rotating shaft 13 and the first gear 11 to rotate through the synchronous belt 19. Under the action of the rotation of the first gear 11 and the second gear 17, the first tooth ring 6, the first plug 5, the first adjustable guide plate 23, the second tooth ring 9, the second plug 10 and the second adjustable guide plate 25 can be driven to rotate respectively until the first adjustable guide plate 23 can rotate 45 degrees clockwise and the second adjustable guide plate 25 can rotate 90 degrees. Under the cooperation of the first adjustable guide plate 23, the first guide plate 21, the second adjustable guide plate 25 and the second guide plate 22, the four groups of heat exchange tubes 24 inside the housing 1 can be divided into two front - and - back connected areas. When the external water supply pipeline supplies water into the housing 1 through the front - located docking pipe 8, the water flow can flow to the right along the two groups of heat exchange tubes 24 located in the front inside the housing 1, and then flow to the left along the inside of the two groups of heat exchange tubes 24 located in the back inside the housing 1, and be discharged to the outside through the back - located docking pipe 8. And when the water supply flow rate is small and it is necessary to adjust this heat exchanger to a 4 - flow process, the external PLC controller starts the stepping motor 14 to work in the other direction, driving the rotating rod 16, the second gear 17 and the first synchronous wheel 15 to rotate. The rotation of the first synchronous wheel 15 can drive the second synchronous wheel 20, the rotating shaft 13 and the first gear 11 to rotate through the synchronous belt 19. Under the action of the rotation of the first gear 11 and the second gear 17, the first tooth ring 6, the first plug 5, the first adjustable guide plate 23, the second tooth ring 9, the second plug 10 and the second adjustable guide plate 25 can be driven to rotate respectively until the first adjustable guide plate 23 can rotate 45 degrees counterclockwise and the second adjustable guide plate 25 can rotate 90 degrees. Under the cooperation of the first adjustable guide plate 23, the first guide plate 21, the second adjustable guide plate 25 and the second guide plate 22, the four groups of heat exchange tubes 24 inside the housing 1 can be divided into four sequentially connected areas. When the external water supply pipeline supplies water into the housing 1 through the front - located docking pipe 8, the water can sequentially pass through the heat exchange tubes 24 located in the front on the upper layer of the housing 1 (the water flow direction is from left to right), the heat exchange tubes 24 located in the front on the lower layer of the housing 1 (the water flow direction is from right to left), the heat exchange tubes 24 located in the back on the lower layer of the housing 1 (the water flow direction is from left to right), the heat exchange tubes 24 located in the back on the upper layer of the housing 1 (the water flow direction is from right to left) and the back - located docking pipe 8 and be discharged to the outside.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable number of water-side processes, comprising a shell (1) and a working box (2), characterized in that: At the left end of the top of the housing (1), a docking pipe (8) is fixedly connected. The number of the docking pipes (8) is two. In the middle of the inner cavity of the housing (1), a heat exchange pipe (24) is fixedly installed. The heat exchange pipe (24) is divided into four groups. At the left end of the inner cavity of the housing (1), a first guide plate (21) is fixedly connected. At the right end of the inner cavity of the housing (1), a second guide plate (22) is fixedly connected. The left side of the housing (1) is movably connected with a first plug cover (5). Inside the first plug cover (5), a first adjusting guide plate (23) is fixedly connected. In the middle of the outer surface of the first plug cover (5), a first gear ring (6) is fixedly installed. The right side of the housing (1) is movably connected with a second plug cover (10). Inside the second plug cover (10), a second adjusting guide plate (25) is fixedly connected. In the middle of the outer surface of the second plug cover (10), a second gear ring (9) is fixedly installed. At the upper left end of the outer surface of the working box (2), a stepping motor (14) is fixedly installed. At the output end of the stepping motor (14), a rotating rod (16) is fixedly installed. On the right side of the rotating rod (16), a second gear (17) is fixedly installed. On the left end of the rotating rod (16), a first synchronous pulley (15) is fixedly installed. At the upper left side of the working box (2), a rotating shaft (13) is movably connected through a bearing. On the left side of the rotating shaft (13), a first gear (11) is fixedly installed. On the right side of the rotating shaft (13), a second synchronous pulley (20) is fixedly installed. Between the middle of the second synchronous pulley (20) and the middle of the first synchronous pulley (15), a synchronous belt (19) is drivingly connected.

2. The variable-tube-side-pass shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: At both ends of the outer surface of the housing (1), annular frame plates (26) are fixedly connected. On the outer surfaces of the first plug cover (5) and the second plug cover (10), annular sealing frames (7) are fixedly connected. The inner cavity of the annular sealing frame (7) is movably connected to the surface of the annular frame plate (26).

3. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable number of water-side processes according to claim 2, wherein: On one side of the two annular frame plates (26) away from each other, a first rubber ring (27) is fixedly installed. The surface of the first rubber ring (27) contacts the inner cavity of the annular sealing frame (7). Between the four circumferences of the inner cavity of the annular sealing frame (7), a second rubber ring (28) is fixedly installed. The surface of the second rubber ring (28) contacts the surface of the annular frame plate (26).

4. The variable-tube-side-pass shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between both ends of the outer surface of the housing (1), a frame body (3) is fixedly connected. The bottom of the outer surface of the working box (2) is fixedly connected to the middle of the frame body (3). On the left side of the frame body (3), a first support frame (12) is fixedly connected. The left end of the first support frame (12) is movably connected to the left end of the rotating shaft (13) through a bearing. On the right side of the frame body (3), a second support frame (18) is fixedly connected. The right end of the second support frame (18) is movably connected to the right end of the rotating rod (16) through a bearing. The left end of the rotating rod (16) is movably connected to the upper right side of the working box (2) through a bearing.

5. The variable-tube-side-pass shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: The first gear (11) meshes with the first gear ring (6), and the second gear (17) meshes with the second gear ring (9).

6. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable number of water-side processes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission ratio of the first gear (11) to the second gear (17) is 1:2, and the first gear ring (6) and the second gear ring (9) have the same specifications.

7. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable number of water-side processes according to claim 1, wherein: The transmission ratio of the first synchronous pulley (15) to the second synchronous pulley (20) is 1.

8. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable number of water-side passes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A maintenance plate (4) is fixedly installed on the front surface of the working box (2), and the maintenance plate (4) is rectangular in shape.

9. The variable-tube-side-pass shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: A flange is fixedly connected to the top of the docking pipe (8), and mounting holes are provided around the flange.

10. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger with variable number of water-side processes according to claim 1, wherein: The right side of the first adjustable deflector (23) contacts the left side of the first deflector (21), and the left side of the second adjustable deflector (25) contacts the right side of the second deflector (22).

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