Method for collecting rock slope soil sample

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock slope soil sample collection method, and relates to the technical field of geological and soil scientific research, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing before sampling; 2, arranging and collecting sampling points; 3, storing and transporting the soil sample; and 4, sample numbering and file recording. According to the method for collecting the rock slope soil sample, sampling points are reasonably arranged, limitation of a traditional sampling method is avoided, and the representativeness and accuracy of a sampling result are improved; the sampling process is standard, the influence of human factors on the sample is reduced, and the purity and integrity of the sample are ensured; the sample storage and transportation method is scientific, and the stability and the reliability of the sample in the storage and transportation process are ensured; perfect sample archives and databases are established, and powerful support is provided for follow-up analysis and research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological and soil science research, and specifically to a method for collecting soil samples on rocky slopes. Background Art

[0002] The stability of rocky slopes and the assessment of soil quality are important links in geological engineering and ecological environment restoration.

[0003] Traditional soil sampling methods, such as diagonal sampling method, checkerboard sampling method, etc., often have many limitations when applied to rocky slopes, such as uneven distribution of sampling points, being easily affected by construction interference, and causing damage to the slope repair effect.

[0004] Therefore, a more scientific and reasonable sampling method is needed to meet the requirements of collecting soil samples on rocky slopes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for collecting soil samples on rocky slopes, which solves the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A method for collecting soil samples on rocky slopes, including the following specific steps:

[0007] Step 1: Preparation before sampling;

[0008] Step 2: Arrangement and collection of sampling points, specifically as follows:

[0009] (1) In the sampling area, determine the sampling points according to the principles of "random", "equal quantity", and "multi-point mixing"; the distribution of sampling points is uniform, covering the entire sampling area, and avoiding the construction interference area at the same time to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the sampling results;

[0010] (2) Reduce the number of parallel samples at each slope sampling point to reduce the damage to the slope repair effect; at the same time, ensure that the parallel samples are on the same horizontal line of the slope to reduce the influence of the slope position on the sampling points;

[0011] (3) Randomly select 3 sample plots of 1m×1m horizontally, with at least 1m interval between each sample plot; the sampling position is the center point of the sample plot;

[0012] (4) Wear rubber or PE gloves during the sampling process;

[0013] (5) At the arranged sampling points, first scrape off the surface litter of 0 - 3mm, and then use a soil shovel to cut obliquely or vertically to obtain the soil of 0 - 10cm, ensuring the consistency of the depth, the slope of the soil shovel, the thickness of the upper and lower layers, and the quantity at each point to improve the reliability and comparability of the sampling results;

[0014] (6) Collect 150 ± 5 g of soil samples in each small quadrat, mix the soils taken from each point in a plastic bag, and at the same time remove dead branches and leaves, grass roots, insect shells, and gravel.

[0015] Step three: Preservation and transportation of soil samples, specifically as follows:

[0016] All samples are divided into two parts after removing roots and gravel: one part is stored in a sterile sealed bag (200 - 300 g) at 4 °C for soil physical and chemical property analysis; the other part is stored in a centrifuge tube (1 tube) under dry ice environment for microbial sequencing analysis; to ensure the stability and integrity of the samples during storage and transportation.

[0017] Step four: Sample numbering and file recording.

[0018] Optionally, the preparations before sampling are specifically as follows:

[0019] (1) Conduct on-site investigation, conduct on-site investigation of the rocky slope, understand the terrain, slope, vegetation coverage of the slope, and the specific construction conditions of slope repair, to ensure that the sampling work can be carried out smoothly and will not cause additional damage to the slope.

[0020] (2) Prepare sampling tools, and prepare the tools required for sampling.

[0021] Optionally, the sampling tools include but are not limited to shovels, small soil shovels, self-sealing bags, labels, marker pens, rubber or PE gloves, centrifuge tubes, in-vehicle refrigerators, and dry ice, to ensure the smooth progress of the sampling process and the complete preservation of samples.

[0022] Optionally, the sample numbering and file recording are specifically as follows:

[0023] (1) Make sampling records, mark the sample numbers on the sealed bags and centrifuge tubes for subsequent analysis and tracking.

[0024] (2) Fill in the sample information form.

[0025] Optionally, the filling of the sample information form includes information such as sample number, sampling location, pile number, repair method, slope aspect, position of the sampling point on the slope, sampling time, sampler, on-site weather, and on-site sampling schematic diagram, to establish a complete sample file and database.

[0026] The present invention provides a method for collecting soil samples of a rocky slope, having the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The collection method of the rock slope soil sample has reasonable sampling point layout, avoiding the limitations of traditional sampling methods, and improving the representativeness and accuracy of sampling results; the sampling process is standardized, reducing the influence of human factors on the sample, and ensuring the purity and integrity of the sample; the sample preservation and transportation methods are scientific, ensuring the stability and reliability of the sample during preservation and transportation; a perfect sample file and database are established, providing strong support for subsequent analysis and research. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0029] The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for collecting rock slope soil samples, including the following specific steps:

[0030] Step 1: Preparation before sampling, specifically as follows:

[0031] (1) Field investigation. Conduct a field investigation on the rock slope to understand the terrain, slope, vegetation coverage of the slope and the specific construction conditions of slope repair, ensuring that the sampling work can be carried out smoothly without causing additional damage to the slope;

[0032] (2) Prepare sampling tools. Prepare the tools required for sampling, including but not limited to shovels, small soil shovels, self-sealing bags, labels, marker pens, rubber or PE gloves, centrifuge tubes, in-vehicle refrigerators, dry ice, ensuring the smooth progress of the sampling process and the complete preservation of the sample;

[0033] Step 2: Layout and collection of sampling points, specifically as follows:

[0034] (1) In the sampling area, determine the sampling points according to the principles of "random", "equal quantity" and "multi-point mixing"; the distribution of sampling points is uniform, covering the entire sampling area, and at the same time avoiding the construction interference area to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the sampling results;

[0035] (2) Reduce the number of parallel samples at each slope sampling point to reduce the damage to the slope repair effect; at the same time, ensure that the parallel samples are on the same horizontal line of the slope to reduce the influence of the slope position on the sampling points;

[0036] (3) Horizontally randomly select 3 sample plots of 1m×1m, with at least 1m interval between each sample plot; the sampling position is the center point of the sample plot;

[0037] (4) Wear rubber or PE gloves during the sampling process;

[0038] (5) At the arranged sampling points, first scrape off the surface litter layer of 0 - 3 mm, and then use a soil shovel to obliquely or vertically cut the soil of 0 - 10 cm, ensuring the consistency of the depth, the slope of the soil shovel, the thickness of the upper and lower layers, and the quantity at each point to improve the reliability and comparability of the sampling results;

[0039] (6) Collect 150 ± 5 g of soil samples in each small quadrat, mix the soils taken at each point in a plastic bag, and at the same time remove dead branches and leaves, grass roots, insect shells, and gravel;

[0040] Step Three: Preservation and transportation of soil samples, specifically as follows:

[0041] (1) After removing roots and gravels, all samples are divided into two parts: one part is stored in a sterile sealed bag (200 - 300 g) at 4 °C for soil physical and chemical property analysis; the other part is stored in a centrifuge tube (1 tube) under dry ice environment for microbial sequencing analysis; to ensure the stability and integrity of the samples during storage and transportation;

[0042] Step Four: Sample numbering and file recording, specifically as follows:

[0043] (1) Make sampling records and mark the sample numbers on the sealed bags and centrifuge tubes for subsequent analysis and tracking;

[0044] (2) Fill in the sample information form, including sample number, sampling location, pile number, repair method, slope aspect, position of the sampling point on the slope, sampling time, sampler, on-site weather, and on-site sampling schematic diagram, etc., to establish a complete sample file and database.

[0045] As described above, it is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collecting rock slope soil samples, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Preparation before sampling; Step 2: Arrangement and collection of sampling points, as follows: (1) Within the sampling area, sampling points are determined according to the principles of "random", "equal amount" and "multi-point mixing". The sampling points are evenly distributed, covering the entire sampling area, while avoiding construction interference areas to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the sampling results; (2) Reduce the number of parallel samples at each slope sampling point to reduce the damage to the slope restoration effect; at the same time, ensure that the parallel samples are on the same horizontal line of the slope; (3) Three 1m×1m plots were randomly selected horizontally, with each plot separated by at least 1m; the sampling location was the center point of the plot; (4) Wear rubber or PE gloves during sampling; (5) At the arranged sampling points, first scrape off the surface litter of 0-3 mm, and then use a soil shovel to cut 0-10 cm of soil obliquely or vertically, ensuring the consistency of the depth, soil shovel slope, upper and lower layer thickness and quantity at each point; (6) Collect 150±5g of soil samples in each small sample plot, mix the soil collected from each point in a plastic bag, and remove dead branches and leaves, grass roots, insect shells, and gravel; Step 3: Storage and transportation of soil samples, as follows: All samples were divided into two parts after removing roots and gravel: one part was stored in sterile sealed bags at 4°C for soil physical and chemical property analysis; the other part was stored in centrifuge tubes under dry ice for microbial sequencing analysis; Step 4: Sample numbering and file records.

2. The method for collecting rock slope soil samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation before sampling is as follows: (1) On-site investigation: Conduct on-site investigation on rock slopes to understand the topography, slope, vegetation coverage and specific construction conditions of slope restoration, to ensure that sampling can proceed smoothly and does not cause additional damage to the slopes; (2) Prepare sampling tools. Prepare the tools needed for sampling.

3. The method for collecting rock slope soil samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling tools include but are not limited to shovels, small earth shovels, ziplock bags, labels, markers, rubber or PE gloves, centrifuge tubes, car refrigerators, and dry ice to ensure the smooth progress of the sampling process and the complete preservation of the samples.

4. The method for collecting rock slope soil samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample numbers and file records are as follows: (1) Keep good sampling records and indicate the sample number on the sealed bag and centrifuge tube for subsequent analysis and tracking; (2) Fill in the sample information form.

5. The method for collecting rock slope soil samples according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sample information form to be filled in includes information such as sample number, sampling location, pile number, restoration method, slope direction, location of the sampling point on the slope, sampling time, sampler, on-site weather, and on-site sampling schematic diagram, so as to establish a complete sample file and database.