High-altitude falling risk dynamic evaluation technology and mapping method and system for building workers based on digital twinning

Abstract

The invention discloses a digital twinning-based high-altitude falling risk state assessment technology for building workers and a mapping method and system. The method comprises the following steps: extracting aqueduct building engineering site space element information and personnel positions by an IFC model, and respectively inputting the information and the positions into an indoor navigation model and a three-dimensional digital model; historical risk data of an aqueduct construction engineering site are collected to analyze a risk assessment index and a preset risk threshold value; constructing a digital twinborn model according to the risk assessment index, the risk threshold value, the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model; real-time construction site environment data, worker behavior data and equipment state data are collected to update and simulate the digital twin model in real time; evaluating the risk range of the high-altitude falling risk by combining the updated and simulated results with a risk evaluation algorithm; and performing mapping association on the digital twinborn model through the construction site environment data, the worker behavior data and the risk range, performing visual interface presentation on the mapping association part, and designing a risk early warning trigger threshold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction safety, and particularly to a dynamic assessment technology, mapping method and system for the risk of high - altitude falls of construction workers based on digital twins. Background Art

[0002] As a labor - intensive industry, the construction industry has frequent high - altitude fall accidents, which seriously threaten the lives of workers. Traditional risk assessment methods mostly rely on static data and manual analysis, and it is difficult to adapt to the dynamic changes of the main body and environment at the construction site. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct real - time and dynamic assessment of the high - altitude fall risk.

[0003] In recent years, digital twin technology, with its powerful data analysis and simulation capabilities, has provided a new solution for risk assessment. This technology realizes the simulation and prediction of the actual system by constructing a virtual model corresponding to the actual system. At the same time, the high - precision positioning technology for regional personnel can track the position of workers in real time, providing accurate data support for risk assessment.

[0004] However, there is currently no research and practice that combines digital twin technology with high - precision positioning technology for regional personnel and applies it to the dynamic assessment of the high - altitude fall risk of construction workers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technology, mapping method and system for the dynamic assessment of the high - altitude fall risk of construction workers based on digital twins, which solves the above - mentioned technical problems pointed out in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention provides a technology and mapping method for the dynamic assessment of the high - altitude fall risk of construction workers based on digital twins, including the following operating steps:

[0007] Extract the spatial element information of the aqueduct construction project site and the personnel positions through the IFC model and input them into the indoor navigation model and the three - dimensional digital model respectively;

[0008] Collect the historical risk data of the aqueduct construction project site for analyzing risk assessment indicators, and use the risk assessment indicators to set the total risk threshold for the preset high - altitude fall risk; construct a digital twin model according to the risk assessment indicators, risk threshold, indoor navigation model and three - dimensional digital model;

[0009] Collect the real - time construction site environment data, worker behavior data and equipment status data of the aqueduct construction project site to update and simulate the digital twin model in real time;

[0010] Combine the risk assessment algorithm with the results of the update and simulation of the digital twin model to evaluate the risk range of the high - altitude fall risk;

[0011] Map and associate the digital twin model by collecting real-time construction site environment data, worker behavior data, and risk ranges, present the mapped and associated parts on a visual interface, and design a risk warning trigger threshold.

[0012] Preferably, the geometric information and semantic information of spatial element information.

[0013] Preferably, the risk range includes the risk level of falling from a height, the probability of falling from a height, and the risk impact range.

[0014] Preferably, the IFC model extracts the spatial element information of the on-site space elements of the aqueduct construction project and the personnel positions and inputs them into the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model respectively. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0015] Use the IFC model to extract the spatial element information of each building component in the aqueduct construction project site and input the spatial element information into the indoor navigation model;

[0016] Use the UWB positioning device and the IFC model to conduct spatial association monitoring of key points for the personnel positions and building components at the aqueduct construction project site;

[0017] The personnel position is located through the UWB receiver carried by the personnel;

[0018] Generate a three-dimensional digital model based on the IFC model using BIM software and input the personnel position and building components into the three-dimensional digital model;

[0019] Mark the personnel position in the three-dimensional digital model with symbols, update the personnel position in real time through the positioning position of the UWB receiver, map the updated personnel position in real time onto the digital floor of the three-dimensional digital model, and determine whether the personnel trigger a danger to trigger an alarm warning.

[0020] Preferably, the operation steps for using the IFC model to extract the spatial element information of each building component in the aqueduct construction project site are as follows:

[0021] Parse the IFC model through the IfcOpenshell open-source library, search for the spatial element information of the building components in the building project in the IFC model, and determine the geometric information and semantic information of the building components through the spatial element information until all the building components in the IFC model are screened out.

[0022] Preferably, the operation steps for inputting the spatial element information into the indoor navigation model are as follows:

[0023] Map the geometric information and semantic information into the indoor navigation model to obtain a semantic mapping relationship;

[0024] Load the hierarchical level of the corresponding mapping part in the semantic mapping relationship;

[0025] Perform boundary description of geometric reconstruction of the building components through geometric information to obtain all the internal hidden building components in the IFC model;

[0026] Convert the relative coordinate system of the building components in the IFC model to the world coordinate system of the indoor navigation model;

[0027] Collect the expression object association information between the building components in the IFC model for analysis of entity type data, and obtain the entity association relationship between the building components for input into the indoor navigation model.

[0028] Preferably, collect the historical risk data of the aqueduct construction site for analysis of risk assessment indicators, and the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0029] Collect the historical risk data of the aqueduct construction site, and use the expert scoring method to analyze the accident data and safety records in the historical risk data to obtain the risk assessment indicators for accidents occurring at the aqueduct construction site.

[0030] Preferably, use the risk assessment indicators to preset the total risk threshold for the risk of falling from a height; construct a digital twin model according to the risk assessment indicators, risk threshold, indoor navigation model, and three-dimensional digital model, and the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0031] Construct the total risk threshold for the risk of falling from a height for the risk assessment indicators, and judge the level of the risk of falling from a height in the risk assessment indicators through the total risk threshold;

[0032] Integrate the risk assessment indicators, the risk threshold, the indoor navigation model, and the three-dimensional digital model of the aqueduct construction site to obtain a digital twin model.

[0033] Preferably, the steps for constructing the total risk threshold for the risk of falling from a height are as follows:

[0034] Preset risk thresholds for the working height H, inclination T, span S of the cantilever structure, and height A of the cantilever structure in the risk assessment indicators;

[0035] The risk threshold includes: H thresh , T thresh , S thresh , and A thresh ;

[0036] Calculate the total risk threshold for the risk of falling from a height through each risk threshold, and the calculation formula is:

[0037]

[0038] Wherein, w1, w2, w3, w4, w5, w6 are the weights of each risk assessment index;

[0039] is the normalized risk assessment index;

[0040] F acc represents the frequency of occurrence of accident data in historical risk data;

[0041] D inj represents the degree of injury.

[0042] Correspondingly, the present invention also proposes a high - altitude fall risk state assessment technology and mapping system for construction workers based on digital twin, including: a data input module; a data integration module; a data simulation module; a simulation evaluation module; a data mapping module;

[0043] The data input module is used to extract the spatial element information of the aqueduct construction project site and the personnel positions from the IFC model and input them into the indoor navigation model and the three - dimensional digital model respectively;

[0044] The data integration module is used to collect the historical risk data of the aqueduct construction project site, analyze the risk assessment indexes, use the risk assessment indexes to preset the total risk threshold of the high - altitude fall risk; construct a digital twin model according to the risk assessment indexes and risk thresholds, as well as the indoor navigation model and the three - dimensional digital model;

[0045] The data simulation module is used to collect real - time construction site environment data, worker behavior data and equipment status data of the aqueduct construction project site to update and simulate the digital twin model in real - time;

[0046] The simulation evaluation module is used to evaluate the risk range of high - altitude fall risks by combining the risk assessment algorithm with the results of the update and simulation of the digital twin model;

[0047] The risk range includes the high - altitude fall risk level, the probability of high - altitude fall and the risk influence range;

[0048] The data mapping module is used to map and associate the digital twin model through the collected real - time construction site environment data, worker behavior data and risk range, present the mapped and associated part on a visual interface, and design a risk warning trigger threshold.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical advantages:

[0050] Analyzing the above-mentioned high-altitude fall risk state assessment technology, mapping method and system for construction workers based on digital twins provided by the present invention, it can be known that in specific applications, spatial elements of each component in the aqueduct construction project are extracted using the IFC model, and the positions of the aqueduct, pipeline corridor, work area, etc. can be understood. At the same time, the attribute relationships between components can be understood. These information are input into the indoor navigation model to understand the function, position and role of each component; the UWB positioning device is used to monitor the spatial association of key points with the IFC model, so that it can be judged whether the position of personnel is in a dangerous area and timely warnings can be given; and the position of personnel is input into the three-dimensional digital model to master the real-time positioning position of personnel;

[0051] Furthermore, according to expert experience, analyze the historical risk data at the aqueduct construction site to obtain risk assessment indicators that are prone to fall risks; preset risk thresholds for fall risks according to the risk assessment indicators, so as to judge whether there is a fall risk; when there is a fall risk, integrate the risk threshold with the indoor navigation model and three-dimensional digital model of the risk assessment indicators to obtain a digital twin model to realize real-time and dynamic assessment of high-altitude fall risks, improving the accuracy and timeliness of the assessment;

[0052] Furthermore, collect various types of real-time data at the aqueduct construction site to update and simulate the digital twin model, so as to optimize and adjust the digital twin model, improving the simulation accuracy and prediction ability of the model; through the results of the update simulation, combine with the risk assessment algorithm to map and associate the digital twin model, and present the mapped and associated part on a visual interface. The presented content includes information such as risk level, possible occurrence probability, worker position, etc., so as to formulate good warning alarms. Description of the Drawings

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 It is the overall flowchart of the high-altitude fall risk state assessment technology and mapping method for construction workers based on digital twins provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 It is the main flowchart of the high-altitude fall risk state assessment technology and mapping method for construction workers based on digital twins provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3Flowchart of the data input model for the high - altitude fall risk state assessment technology and mapping method of construction workers based on digital twin provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 Flowchart of the data input indoor navigation model for the high - altitude fall risk state assessment technology and mapping method of construction workers based on digital twin provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 Flowchart of the integrated digital twin model for the high - altitude fall risk state assessment technology and mapping method of construction workers based on digital twin provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 Flowchart of the high - altitude fall risk state assessment technology and mapping system for construction workers based on digital twin provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Markings: data input module 10; data integration module 20; data simulation module 30; simulation evaluation module 40; data mapping module 50. Detailed implementation manners

[0061] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] Next, the present invention will be further described in detail through specific embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0063] Embodiment 1

[0064] As Figure 1 、 2 shown, the present invention proposes a high - altitude fall risk state assessment technology and mapping method for construction workers based on digital twin, including the following operating steps:

[0065] S1: The IFC model extracts the on - site spatial element information of the aqueduct construction project and the personnel positions and inputs them into the indoor navigation model and the three - dimensional digital model respectively;

[0066] It should be noted that the indoor navigation model is a model used to locate and track the positions of workers, equipment, etc., for real - time monitoring of the dynamic positions of workers; the three - dimensional digital model is generated through technologies such as BIM (Building Information Modeling), which displays the three - dimensional structure of the building and various spatial information;

[0067] By extracting the spatial element positions of the aqueduct construction site from the IFC model and inputting this information into the indoor navigation model and the 3D digital model, data support is provided for subsequent analysis and simulation;

[0068] S2: Collect the historical risk data of the aqueduct construction site to analyze the risk assessment indicators, and use the risk assessment indicators to set the total risk threshold for the preset risk of falling from a height; construct a digital twin model based on the risk assessment indicators and risk thresholds, as well as the indoor navigation model and the 3D digital model;

[0069] It should be noted that analyzing the risk assessment indicators by collecting the historical risk data of the aqueduct construction site includes working height, inclination, span and height of the cantilever structure, etc. These indicators are prone to cause the risk of personnel falling from a height; and set risk thresholds for these risk indicators. According to these risk thresholds, judge whether there is a risk of falling from a height. If the risk threshold is higher than the risk indicator, it means that there is a relatively high risk of falling from a height. Then integrate the risk assessment indicators and risk thresholds, as well as the indoor navigation model and the 3D digital model to construct a digital twin model, realizing the automatic identification and early warning function of the model for the risk of falling from a height;

[0070] S3: Collect the real-time construction site environment data, workers' behavior data and equipment status data of the aqueduct construction site to update and simulate the digital twin model in real time;

[0071] It should be noted that by using technical means such as sensor networks and video monitoring, collect the real-time construction site environment data, including meteorological information such as wind speed, temperature, and humidity, as well as geographical environment data such as topography, landform, and soil conditions; through wearable devices worn on workers or positioning technology, collect real-time workers' behavior data, such as movement trajectories, posture changes, working hours, etc.; monitor the operation status of equipment, including the operation time, power consumption, fault records of the equipment, etc., and at the same time pay attention to the status of safety devices, such as the integrity of guardrails, safety nets, etc.; clean and organize the collected various data, remove noise and outliers, ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data, and standardize the data so that data from different sources and in different formats can be uniformly input into the digital twin model;

[0072] According to the real-time collected data, dynamically update the environmental parameters, workers' positions and behaviors, equipment status, etc. in the digital twin model. Combine time series analysis and prediction algorithms to simulate and predict the future state of the construction site; at the same time, regularly verify the digital twin model, evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the digital twin model by comparing with the actual construction site data; according to the verification results, optimize and adjust the digital twin model to improve the simulation accuracy and prediction ability of the model;

[0073] S4: Combine the results of updating and simulating the digital twin model with a risk assessment algorithm to evaluate the risk scope of high - altitude fall risks;

[0074] The risk scope includes the high - altitude fall risk level, the probability of high - altitude fall, and the risk impact scope;

[0075] It should be noted that the simulation results related to high - altitude fall risks are extracted from the digital twin model, including key information such as the position of workers, behavior patterns, and working environments;

[0076] The risk assessment algorithm applies methods based on probability statistics, fuzzy logic, machine learning, etc. according to the characteristics of high - altitude fall risks, comprehensively considering various risk factors (such as working height, inclination, span and height of cantilever structures, etc.) to achieve quantitative risk assessment; the extracted simulation results are input into the risk assessment algorithm, and through calculation and analysis, information such as the level of workers' high - altitude fall risks, the possible occurrence probability, and the potential impact scope (i.e., personnel impact scope, working environment impact, risk expansion scope, accident spread effect) is obtained;

[0077] S5: Map and associate the digital twin model through the real - time collected construction site environment data, workers' behavior data, and risk scope, present the mapped - associated part on a visual interface, and design a risk warning trigger threshold.

[0078] It should be noted that map the real - time collected construction site environment data and workers' behavior data in step S3 and the risk scope evaluated by the risk assessment algorithm in step S4 to the mutually - related parts in the digital twin model, and present the mapped - associated part (i.e., the mapped - associated part is achieved by associating information such as risk level and possible occurrence probability with corresponding elements in the model (such as workers, working areas, structural components, etc.)) on a visual interface. The presented content includes information such as risk level, possible occurrence probability, and workers' positions;

[0079] Meanwhile, use the results presented on the visual interface to set a threshold for the preset total risk. When the threshold of the total risk exceeds information such as risk level, possible occurrence probability, and workers' positions (i.e., when the workers' positions are close to dangerous areas or dangerous equipment, a warning is triggered), a risk warning is triggered for an alarm.

[0080] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, in step S1, the IFC model extracts the on - site spatial element information and personnel positions of the aqueduct construction project and inputs them into the indoor navigation model and the 3D digital model respectively. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0081] S11: Extract the spatial element information of each building component in the aqueduct construction site using the IFC model, and input the spatial element information into the indoor navigation model;

[0082] It should be noted that extracting the spatial elements of each component in the aqueduct construction project using the IFC model includes: geometric information and semantic information (specifically including aqueducts, pipe corridors, work areas, etc.), and the attribute relationships between components (i.e., component materials, connection methods); moreover, IfcOpenShell, as a commonly used open-source IFC file parsing tool at present, can not only extract the geometric information and attribute information of building entities, but also better meet the requirements of indoor path planning for model processing and start / end position selection compared with other IFC parsing tools. Therefore, the present invention selects IfcOpenShell as the IFC data parsing tool for indoor path planning research based on BIM.

[0083] S12: Use the UWB positioning device to perform spatial association monitoring of the key points with the IFC model for the personnel positions and building components at the aqueduct construction site;

[0084] The personnel position is located by the personnel carrying the UWB receiver;

[0085] Generate a three-dimensional digital model using BIM software based on the IFC model, and input the personnel position and building components into the three-dimensional digital model;

[0086] Mark the personnel position in the three-dimensional digital model with symbols, update the personnel position in real time through the positioning position of the UWB receiver, map the updated personnel position in real time on the digital floor of the three-dimensional digital model, and determine whether the personnel trigger danger to trigger an alarm warning;

[0087] It should be noted that deploy UWB positioning devices at the construction site to ensure full-area coverage, associate with the key points of the IFC model, and perform on-site calibration to ensure positioning accuracy; workers collect personnel position data in real time by carrying UWB receivers and transmit it to the central data processing system; associate the personnel position data with the IFC model and accurately map it to the digital floor (i.e., digital floor construction: generate a three-dimensional digital model using BIM software based on the IFC model; include detailed information of engineering elements (such as aqueducts, pipe corridors, etc.)); associate the personnel position data with the digital floor in real time and visually display it, and display information such as personnel status and identity through symbols, colors, etc.; monitor the personnel position in real time and automatically trigger an alarm when the personnel enter a dangerous area or approach dangerous equipment;

[0088] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown in the figure, in step S11, the spatial element information of each building component in the aqueduct construction site is extracted using the IFC model, and the spatial element information is input into the indoor navigation model. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0089] S111: Parse the IFC model through the IfcOpenshell open-source library to find the spatial element information of the building components in the building project in the IFC model, and determine the geometric information and semantic information of the building components through the spatial element information until all the building components in the IFC model are screened out;

[0090] It should be noted that the IFC file of the IFC model contains various building information, and many objects (such as IfcApplication, etc.) do not contain data information related to the geometric form of the actual building components; by parsing and screening these files through the IfcOpenshell open-source library, it can be identified which objects contain geometric information to determine information such as the coordinates of the building components, and which contain semantic information that can effectively organize and describe various components and their relationships in the building (i.e., the type of wall (load-bearing wall, partition wall, etc.), material (such as concrete, bricks, etc.), dimensions (length, width, height), location, load-bearing capacity, etc.); through this screening, it is possible to focus on the geometric information and semantic information parts of the building model, provide effective data for further calculations, visualization, or analysis, and also filter out these objects without geometric data and semantic information data, which helps to reduce the complexity and computational amount of subsequent processing;

[0091] S112: Map the geometric information and semantic information to the indoor navigation model to obtain a semantic mapping relationship;

[0092] Load the level for the corresponding mapping part in the semantic mapping relationship;

[0093] It should be noted that by clarifying the semantic mapping between the IFC data and the indoor navigation model (i.e., the indoor navigation model represents paths, functional areas, target locations, etc. in the indoor space), it can ensure that when the navigation system understands the building data, it correctly interprets the function, location, and role of each component. For example, the "door" in the IFC is correctly mapped to the "passable area" in the indoor path, and the "staircase" is mapped to the "vertical passage". By loading the level, detailed geometric information of the building components and accurate semantic information are loaded, such as the exact shape of each room, the layout of furniture, the opening direction of doors and windows, etc.

[0094] S113: Obtain all the internally hidden building components in the IFC model through the boundary description of geometric reconstruction of the building components using geometric information (i.e., through the boundary description of geometric reconstruction, it is possible to target a large number of components hidden inside the IFC model that are not visible, and determine their geometric information);

[0095] It should be noted that in IFC files, building geometric data is usually expressed in the form of swept volumes and constructive solid geometries, such as 3D meshes or volumetric data. These expressions are suitable for the building design and construction stages, but they may not be entirely applicable in indoor navigation models because navigation models usually require more concise and abstract geometric descriptions;

[0096] Therefore, through geometric reconstruction (i.e., geometric reconstruction is applied to simplify complex geometric information into a boundary description method to meet the needs of indoor navigation), the complex geometric information of building components in IFC data is converted into a more concise boundary description, which can eliminate unnecessary details in the model. This can not only reduce the data volume but also improve the response speed of the navigation system;

[0097] S114: Convert the relative coordinate system of the building components of the IFC model into the world coordinate system of the indoor navigation model (i.e., IFC uses a relative coordinate system to express buildings and building components, while the navigation model uses a world coordinate system to express information data. Therefore, during the data conversion process, it is necessary to complete the coordinate conversion from the relative coordinate system to the world coordinate system);

[0098] S115: Collect the expression object association information between the building components in the IFC model for the analysis of entity type data, obtain the entity association relationships between the building components, and input them into the indoor navigation model;

[0099] It should be noted that due to the fact that during the geometric information splitting or reconstruction process, they are processed into independent parts, resulting in the deletion or loss of their association relationships (for example, which components are hollow, and which components have nesting or filling relationships with other components). Therefore, after completing the geometric reconstruction, it is necessary to analyze the entity data (such as IfcRelFillsElement, IfcRelVoidsElement, etc.) used to express the relationships between objects in the IFC file to restore or establish the association relationships between building components and input them into the indoor navigation model;

[0100] Specifically, such as Figure 5As shown in the figure, in step S2, historical risk data of the aqueduct construction site is collected to analyze risk assessment indicators, and the total risk threshold of the preset risk of falling from a height is calculated using the risk assessment indicators; a digital twin model is constructed based on the risk assessment indicators and risk thresholds, as well as the indoor navigation model and three-dimensional digital model. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0101] S21: Collect historical risk data of the aqueduct construction site, and use the expert scoring method to analyze the accident data and safety records in the historical risk data to obtain the risk assessment indicators for accidents occurring at the aqueduct construction site;

[0102] Construct the total risk threshold for the risk of falling from a height for the risk assessment indicators, and judge the level of the risk of falling from a height in the risk assessment indicators through the total risk threshold;

[0103] The steps for constructing the total risk threshold for the risk of falling from a height are as follows:

[0104] Set preset risk thresholds for the working height H, inclination T, span S of the cantilever structure, and height A of the cantilever structure of the risk assessment indicators;

[0105] The risk thresholds include: H thresh , T thresh , S thresh and A thresh ;

[0106] Calculate the total risk threshold for the risk of falling from a height through each risk threshold. The calculation formula is:

[0107]

[0108] In the formula, w1, w2, w3, w4, w5, w6 are the weights of each risk assessment indicator;

[0109] is the normalized risk assessment indicator;

[0110] F acc represents the frequency of occurrence of accident data in the historical risk data;

[0111] D inj represents the degree of injury (i.e., the degree of injury that may be caused after an accident occurs);

[0112] It should be noted that historical risk data is collected at the construction site of the aqueduct building project. The historical risk data includes accident data and safety records. The accident data and safety records can calculate the occurrence frequency of falls from height, the degree of injury caused, as well as possible causes and associated factors; and analyze the risk assessment indicators affecting falls from height in the historical risk data through the experience of safety experts, engineers, etc. and in combination with relevant safety standards and specifications, including working height, inclination, span and height of the cantilever structure, etc.;

[0113] Meanwhile, a preset risk threshold is set according to the risk assessment indicators. When each of the indicators regarding the risk of falls from height in the risk assessment indicators (i.e., working height, inclination, span and height of the cantilever structure, etc.) is greater than or equal to the preset risk threshold, it is determined that there is a high probability of the risk of falls from height; if each of the indicators regarding the risk of falls from height in the risk assessment indicators is less than the preset risk threshold, there is a relatively low risk of falls from height at the construction site of the aqueduct building project;

[0114] S22: Integrate the risk assessment indicators with the risk threshold, as well as the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model of the aqueduct building project site to obtain a digital twin model;

[0115] Embodiment 2

[0116] As Figure 6 shown, correspondingly, the present invention also proposes a technology and mapping system for assessing the risk state of falls from height of construction workers based on digital twin, including: a data input module 10; a data integration module 20; a data simulation module 30; a simulation evaluation module 40; a data mapping module 50;

[0117] The data input module 10 is used to extract the spatial element information of the aqueduct building project site and the personnel positions from the IFC model and input them into the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model respectively;

[0118] The data integration module 20 is used to collect the historical risk data of the aqueduct building project site to analyze the risk assessment indicators, and use the risk assessment indicators to preset the total risk threshold of the risk of falls from height; construct a digital twin model according to the risk assessment indicators, the risk threshold, as well as the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model;

[0119] The data simulation module 30 is used to collect real-time construction site environment data, worker behavior data, and equipment status data of the aqueduct building project site to update and simulate the digital twin model in real time;

[0120] The simulation evaluation module 40 is used to evaluate the risk range of falls from height by combining the risk assessment algorithm with the results of the update and simulation of the digital twin model;

[0121] The described risk scope includes the risk level of falling from height, the probability of falling from height, and the risk influence scope;

[0122] The data mapping module 50 is used to map and associate the digital twin model by collecting real-time construction site environment data, worker behavior data, and risk scope, present the mapped and associated part on a visual interface, and design a risk warning trigger threshold.

[0123] In summary, the high-altitude fall risk state assessment technology, mapping method, and system for construction workers based on digital twins proposed in the embodiments of the present invention can, when specifically applied, use the IFC model to extract the spatial elements of each component in the aqueduct construction project, be able to understand the positions of the aqueduct, pipeline corridor, work area, etc., and at the same time be able to understand the attribute relationships between components. Input these information into the indoor navigation model to understand the function, position, and role of each component; use the UWB positioning device to monitor the spatial association of key points with the IFC model, so as to judge whether the position of personnel is in a dangerous area and give a timely warning; and input the position of personnel into the three-dimensional digital model to master the real-time positioning position of personnel;

[0124] Furthermore, analyze the historical risk data of the aqueduct construction project site according to expert experience to obtain risk assessment indicators that are prone to falling risks; preset risk thresholds for falling risks according to the risk assessment indicators, so as to judge whether there is a falling risk; when there is a falling risk, integrate the risk threshold, risk assessment indicators, indoor navigation model, and three-dimensional digital model to obtain a digital twin model to realize real-time and dynamic assessment of high-altitude fall risks, improving the accuracy and timeliness of the assessment;

[0125] Furthermore, collect various real-time data of the aqueduct construction project site to update and simulate the digital twin model, thereby optimizing and adjusting the digital twin model to improve the simulation accuracy and prediction ability of the model; perform mapping association on the digital twin model based on the results of the update simulation combined with the risk assessment algorithm, and present the mapped and associated part on a visual interface. The presented content includes information such as risk level, possible probability, and worker position, so as to formulate a good warning alarm.

[0126] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; those of ordinary skill in the art can modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A digital twin-based construction worker fall risk assessment technology and mapping method, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: The IFC model extracts the spatial element information of the aqueduct construction site and the positions of personnel, which are input into the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model respectively; Collecting historical risk data of the aqueduct construction project site to analyze risk assessment indicators, and using the risk assessment indicators to preset a total risk threshold for the risk of falling from height; Constructing a digital twin model according to the risk assessment indicators and risk thresholds as well as the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model; Collecting real-time site environment data, worker behavior data, and equipment status data at the aqueduct construction site to update and simulate the digital twin model in real time; The digital twin model update and simulation results are combined with the risk assessment algorithm to assess the risk range of falling risks; The digital twin model is mapped and associated by collecting real-time construction site environment data, worker behavior data and risk range, the mapped and associated parts are presented in a visual interface, and a risk warning trigger threshold is designed.

2. The high-altitude fall risk assessment technology and mapping method for construction workers based on digital twins according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Geometric information and semantic information of spatial element information.

3. According to the digital twin-based construction worker fall risk assessment technology and mapping method of claim 2, it is characterized in that: The risk range includes the risk level of falling from height, the probability of falling from height and the scope of risk impact.

4. The high-altitude fall risk assessment technology and mapping method for construction workers based on digital twins according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The IFC model extracts the spatial element information of the aqueduct construction site and the personnel positions and inputs them into the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model respectively. The specific operation steps are as follows: Extracting spatial element information of each building component in the aqueduct construction site using the IFC model, and inputting the spatial element information into the indoor navigation model; Using UWB positioning equipment and IFC model to spatially correlate key points to monitor the positions of personnel and building components at the aqueduct construction site; The position of the person is located by a UWB receiver carried by the person; Generate a three-dimensional digital model using BIM software based on the IFC model, and input the personnel positions and building components into the three-dimensional digital model; The positions of personnel in the three-dimensional digital model are marked with symbols, and the positions of personnel are updated at all times through the positioning position of the UWB receiver. The personnel positions updated at all times are mapped to the digital base plate of the three-dimensional digital model to determine whether the personnel have triggered danger and trigger an alarm warning.

5. According to the digital twin-based construction worker fall risk assessment technology and mapping method of claim 4, it is characterized in that: The specific steps of using the IFC model to extract the spatial element information of each building component in the aqueduct construction site are as follows: The IFC model is parsed through the IfcOpenshell open source library to find the spatial element information of the building components in the construction project in the IFC model, and the geometric information and semantic information of the building components are determined through the spatial element information until all the building components in the IFC model are screened out.

6. The high-altitude fall risk assessment technology and mapping method for construction workers based on digital twins according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The spatial element information is input into the indoor navigation model. The specific operation steps are as follows: Mapping the geometric information and the semantic information into an indoor navigation model to obtain a semantic mapping relationship; Loading a corresponding mapping part in the semantic mapping relationship; Performing boundary description of geometric reconstruction of the building components through geometric information to obtain all the building components hidden inside the IFC model; Converting the relative coordinate system of the building components of the IFC model into the world coordinate system of the indoor navigation model; The expression object association information between each building component in the IFC model is collected to analyze the entity type data, and the entity association relationship between each building component is obtained to input into the indoor navigation model.

7. The high-altitude fall risk assessment technology and mapping method for construction workers based on digital twins according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The historical risk data of the aqueduct construction site is collected to analyze the risk assessment indicators. The specific operation steps are as follows: The historical risk data of the aqueduct construction project site is collected, and the accident data and safety records in the historical risk data are analyzed using an expert scoring method to obtain risk assessment indicators for accidents occurring at the aqueduct construction project site.

8. The high-altitude fall risk assessment technology and mapping method for construction workers based on digital twins according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The risk assessment index is used to preset the total risk threshold of the risk of falling from a height; a digital twin model is constructed according to the risk assessment index and the risk threshold as well as the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model. The specific operation steps are as follows: Constructing a total risk threshold of the risk of falling from height for the risk assessment indicator, and judging the level of the risk of falling from height in the risk assessment indicator by using the total risk threshold; The risk assessment index is integrated with the risk threshold as well as an indoor navigation model and a three-dimensional digital model of the aqueduct construction site to obtain a digital twin model.

9. The high-altitude fall risk assessment technology and mapping method for construction workers based on digital twins according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The steps of constructing the total risk threshold of the risk of falling from height are as follows: Presetting risk thresholds for the risk assessment indicators of working height H, inclination T, span S of the cantilever structure, and height A of the cantilever structure; The risk thresholds include: thresh 、T thresh , S thresh and A thresh ; The total risk threshold of the risk of falling from height is calculated through various risk thresholds. The calculation formula is: In the formula, w1, w2, w3, w4, w5, w6 are the weights of each risk assessment indicator; is a normalized risk assessment indicator; F acc It is expressed as the frequency of accident data in historical risk data; D inj Indicated as degree of injury.

10. Construction workers’ fall risk assessment technology and mapping system based on digital twins, including: Data input module; Data integration module; Data simulation module; Simulation Assessment Module; Data mapping module; The data input module is used to extract the spatial element information of the aqueduct construction site and the personnel positions from the IFC model and input them into the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model respectively; The data integration module is used to collect historical risk data of the aqueduct construction project site to analyze risk assessment indicators, and use the risk assessment indicators to preset a total risk threshold for the risk of falling from height; Constructing a digital twin model according to the risk assessment indicators and risk thresholds as well as the indoor navigation model and the three-dimensional digital model; The data simulation module is used to collect real-time site environment data, worker behavior data and equipment status data at the aqueduct construction site to update and simulate the digital twin model in real time; The simulation assessment module is used to update the digital twin model and simulate the results to combine the risk assessment algorithm to assess the risk range of falling risk; The risk range includes the risk level of falling from height, the probability of falling from height and the risk impact range; The data mapping module is used to map and associate the digital twin model through the collected real-time construction site environment data, worker behavior data and risk range, present the mapped and associated parts in a visual interface, and design a risk warning trigger threshold.

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