Linear motor, electromagnetic suspension and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a linear motor, an electromagnetic suspension and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of motor heat dissipation. The linear motor includes: a housing; the rotor is arranged in the shell; the stator is arranged in the shell and arranged outside the rotor in a sleeving manner, and the rotor can move relative to the stator; the rectifying part is arranged at one end of the stator in the axial direction of the stator, the first end, in the axial direction of the stator, of the rectifying part is connected with the shell, and the second end, in the axial direction of the stator, of the rectifying part protrudes outwards relative to the shell. Through the arrangement of the rectifying part, a pressure difference is formed between the two axial ends of the linear motor according to the Bernoulli principle, so that stable high-speed airflow is generated in the shell, a continuous cold air source is provided for the stator, the heat dissipation efficiency is greatly improved, the temperature of the stator is effectively reduced, faults and damage caused by overheating are reduced, and the service life of the linear motor is prolonged. The stability and reliability of the linear motor are improved, and the service life of the linear motor is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of motor heat dissipation, and particularly relates to a linear motor, an electromagnetic suspension, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A linear motor is a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into linear motion mechanical energy without any intermediate conversion mechanism. Due to its advantages such as simple structure, high positioning accuracy, and fast response speed, it has been widely used in industrial automation, transportation, aerospace, and other fields. However, during the operation of a linear motor, a large amount of heat is generated in the stator. If the heat cannot be dissipated in a timely and effective manner, it will cause the temperature of the stator to rise, which will in turn affect the performance and lifespan of the motor.

[0003] The existing heat dissipation methods for linear motors mainly include natural heat dissipation, air-cooled heat dissipation, and liquid-cooled heat dissipation, etc. Among them, natural heat dissipation has low efficiency and is difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power linear motors; although liquid-cooled heat dissipation has good heat dissipation effect, the system is complex and the cost is relatively high; air-cooled heat dissipation is relatively simple, but traditional air-cooled heat dissipation structures often cannot form a stable and efficient air flow, and the heat dissipation effect is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this reason, this application provides a linear motor, an electromagnetic suspension, and a vehicle, which greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency and effectively reduces the temperature of the stator.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a linear motor, including:

[0006] A housing;

[0007] A mover, disposed inside the housing;

[0008] A stator, disposed inside the housing, sleeved outside the mover, and the mover can move relative to the stator;

[0009] A rectifying member, disposed at one end of the stator along its axial direction. The first end of the rectifying member along the axial direction of the stator is connected to the housing, and the second end of the rectifying member along the axial direction of the stator protrudes outward relative to the housing.

[0010] According to the linear motor of this application, through the setting of the above rectifying member, a pressure difference is formed between the two ends of the linear motor along the axial direction by using Bernoulli's principle, so as to generate a stable high-speed air flow inside the housing, provide a continuous cold air source for the stator, greatly improve the heat dissipation efficiency, effectively reduce the temperature of the stator, reduce failures and damages caused by overheating, and further improve the stability and reliability of the linear motor and extend the service life of the linear motor.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, both sides of the housing along the axial direction of the stator are open, the rectifying member has an air inlet and an air outlet oppositely arranged along the axial direction of the stator, the first end forms the air inlet, the second end forms the air outlet, the air inlet is docked with one of the openings of the housing, and the flow area of the air inlet is larger than the flow area of the air outlet.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, the outer surface of the rectifying member includes a plurality of guiding surfaces distributed circumferentially, and the guiding surfaces are curved surfaces.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present application, the guiding surface includes a first arc surface and a second arc surface connected along the axial direction of the stator, and the centers of curvature of the first arc surface and the second arc surface are respectively located on both sides of the guiding surface.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present application, the linear motor further includes:

[0015] A cooling module, which is arranged in the housing, is attached to the stator, and forms a heat dissipation air duct extending along the axial direction of the stator.

[0016] According to the linear motor of the present application, through the above structural design of adding a cooling module and forming a heat dissipation air duct in the cooling module, the cooling module can quickly absorb the heat generated by the stator, and then the cold air in the heat dissipation air duct takes it away. The heat dissipation air duct can guide the air flow to flow quickly and orderly along the axial direction of the stator, increasing the contact area between the air flow and the cooling module, and further improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present application, the cooling module includes:

[0018] A mounting shell for heat exchange with the stator;

[0019] A plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are arranged in the mounting shell, extend along the axial direction of the stator, and form a plurality of the heat dissipation air ducts distributed at intervals.

[0020] According to the linear motor of the present application, through the above arrangement of the mounting shell and a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat is transferred from the stator to the mounting shell, then from the mounting shell to the heat exchange tubes, and finally taken away by the air in the heat dissipation air duct, forming an efficient heat exchange path, which can transfer the heat of the stator to the heat dissipation air duct faster, make the air fully contact with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, greatly increase the heat exchange area, and improve the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the combined design of the mounting shell and the heat exchange tubes makes the cooling module have a compact structure, small occupied space, realizes an efficient heat dissipation function in a limited space, can also improve the axial bearing capacity of the linear motor, is beneficial to the miniaturization and lightweight design of the linear motor, and improves the output power of the linear motor.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present application, a gap for filling a solid-phase change medium is formed between multiple heat exchange tubes, and baffles for blocking the gap are provided at both ends of the installation shell along the axial direction of the stator.

[0022] According to the linear motor of the present application, through the design of forming a gap between the above-mentioned multiple heat exchange tubes to fill the solid-phase change medium, the solid-phase change medium absorbs heat and undergoes a phase change when the temperature rises, storing the heat; when the temperature drops, it releases heat and returns to its original state. On the one hand, this process of phase change heat storage and heat release can buffer the change of the stator temperature to a certain extent, reduce the temperature fluctuation of the stator, effectively regulate the temperature of the linear motor, and help the linear motor operate in a relatively stable temperature environment, improving the stability and reliability of the performance of the linear motor. On the other hand, it increases the full and sufficient contact between the solid-phase change medium and the multiple heat exchange tubes, enabling efficient heat transfer between the phase change medium and the multiple heat exchange tubes, thereby maximizing the heat dissipation efficiency. On the other hand, combined with the setting of the baffle, it can effectively block the gap between the heat exchange tubes, significantly reducing the risk of pollution or damage to other components of the linear motor caused by the leakage of the solid-phase change medium, thus increasing the reliability of the linear motor.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present application, the cooling module further includes:

[0024] A spacer, connected between the installation shell and the stator, for separating the installation shell and the stator.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present application, the cross-sectional shape of the heat dissipation air duct is polygonal.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present application, the stator includes a plurality of coil windings spaced apart circumferentially, and a plurality of the cooling modules are provided, and the plurality of cooling modules are used for heat exchange with the plurality of coil windings in one-to-one correspondence.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electromagnetic suspension, which includes:

[0028] The linear motor according to any one of the above solutions.

[0029] According to the electromagnetic suspension of the present application, through the above setting of the linear motor, a pressure difference is formed between both ends of the linear motor along the axial direction by using Bernoulli's principle, thereby generating a stable high-speed air flow in the housing, providing a continuous cold air source for the stator, greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency, effectively reducing the temperature of the stator, reducing failures and damages caused by overheating, and further enhancing the stability and reliability of the linear motor and extending the service life of the linear motor.

[0030] Thirdly, the present application provides a vehicle, which includes:

[0031] The electromagnetic suspension as described above.

[0032] In the vehicle according to the present application, through the arrangement of the above electromagnetic suspension, a pressure difference is formed between the two axial ends of the linear motor by using the Bernoulli principle, so as to generate a stable high-speed air flow in the housing, providing a continuous cold air source for the stator, greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency, effectively reducing the temperature of the stator, reducing the failures and damages caused by overheating, further enhancing the stability and reliability of the linear motor, and prolonging the service life of the linear motor.

[0033] The additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0034] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear motor provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic principle diagram of a linear motor provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectifying member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectifying member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in;

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling module provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Reference Signs:

[0043] Linear motor 10;

[0044] Housing 11, receiving groove 111;

[0045] Rotor 12;

[0046] Stator 13, coil winding 131;

[0047] Rectifying component 14, first end 141, second end 142, air inlet 143, air outlet 144, guiding surface 145, first arc surface 1451, second arc surface 1452;

[0048] Cooling module 15, mounting shell 151, heat exchange tube 152, heat dissipation air duct 1521, gap 153, isolating member 154. Specific embodiments

[0049] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0050] The present application discloses a linear motor 10.

[0051] Reference will be made below to Figures 1-7 Describe the linear motor 10 according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0052] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the linear motor 10 includes: a housing 11, a mover 12, a stator 13, and a rectifying component 14.

[0053] The mover 12 is disposed inside the housing 11; the stator 13 is disposed inside the housing 11, the stator 13 is sleeved outside the mover 12, and the mover 12 can move relative to the stator 13; the rectifying component 14 is disposed at one end of the stator 13 along its own axial direction, the first end 141 of the rectifying component 14 along the axial direction of the stator 13 is connected to the housing 11, and the second end 142 of the rectifying component 14 along the axial direction of the stator 13 protrudes outward relative to the housing 11.

[0054] The housing 11 can be cylindrical, prismatic, square, or other regular or irregular shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0055] For example, in some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the housing 11 is designed as a hexagonal prism.

[0056] The mover 12 is a moving component of the linear motor 10, the stator 13 is a fixed component of the linear motor 10, the stator 13 is sleeved outside the mover 12, and there is a certain gap between the stator 13 and the mover 12 to facilitate the reciprocating movement of the mover 12 along the axial direction inside the stator 13.

[0057] The rectifying member 14 is used to form a specific flow field to guide the air flow. The rectifying member 14 can be designed as a hood-shaped structure, and both the rectifying member 14 and the housing 11 are partially open designs to leave a gas flow space. Specifically, the rectifying member 14 can be cylindrical, conical or other shapes, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] Among them, the rectifying member 14 can be arranged at the output end of the linear motor 10 or at the non-output end of the linear motor 10, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application either.

[0059] For example, in some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the rectifying member 14 is arranged at the output end of the linear motor 10, that is, the rectifying member 14 is sleeved outside the guide rod of the mover 12.

[0060] The installation method of the rectifying member 14 on the housing 11 can include but is not limited to threaded connection, snap connection, riveting, pin shaft connection or bonding, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application either.

[0061] It should be noted that referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of Bernoulli's principle. Bernoulli's equation can be expressed as:

[0062] P + 1 / 2ρv2 + ρgh = C

[0063] where C is a constant. When the air flow passes through the upper and lower surfaces of an object, since the travel distance S2 of the air flow on the upper surface of the object is greater than the travel distance S1 of the air flow on the lower surface of the object, the flow velocity V2 of the air flow passing through the upper surface of the object will be greater than the flow velocity V1 of the air flow passing through the lower surface of the object. Based on the principle that the greater the gas flow velocity, the smaller the pressure, a certain degree of pressure difference will be generated between the upper and lower surfaces, that is, P1 > P2. This pressure difference forms a lifting force to drive the surrounding air flow to rise at a high speed.

[0064] It can be understood that the stator 13 generates a magnetic field under the action of current, so as to generate an interaction with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet of the mover 12, making the mover 12 move linearly relative to the stator 13. During the operation, a large amount of Joule heat will be generated in the stator 13, causing the temperature of the linear motor 10 to rise sharply, thereby limiting the output power of the linear motor 10.

[0065] In actual implementation, as Figure 1As shown, when the vehicle equipped with the linear motor 10 is moving forward, there is a relative movement between the air and the vehicle, thereby forming an airflow in the opposite direction of the vehicle's movement. Since the second end 142 of the fairing protrudes from the upper surface of the shell 11, the flow path of the gas when flowing through the upper surface of the shell 11 is changed, that is, the original streamline shape of the upper surface of the shell 11 is changed, the flow distance of the gas when flowing through the upper surface of the linear motor 10 is increased, and the speed of the gas when flowing through the upper surface of the linear motor 10 is accelerated, so that a stable air pressure difference is generated between the upper surface and the lower surface of the linear motor 10, and the driving gas continuously flows into the shell 11 from the bottom of the shell 11. The high-speed rising airflow flowing into the shell 11 exchanges heat with the stator 13, taking away the heat generated by the stator 13, and the airflow after heat exchange flows out from the second end 142 of the fairing 14, forming a complete airflow circulation path. In this path, cold air continuously flows in, providing a continuous cold air source for the stator 13, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the stator 13, so that the stator 13 can continue to work at a suitable temperature.

[0066] The linear motor 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, through the setting of the above-mentioned rectifier 14, utilizes the Bernoulli principle to form a pressure difference between the two ends of the linear motor 10 along the axial direction, thereby generating a stable high-speed airflow in the shell 11, providing a continuous source of cold air for the stator 13, greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the stator 13, reducing failures and damages caused by overheating, and further improving the stability and reliability of the linear motor 10, and extending the service life of the linear motor 10.

[0067] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, both sides of the shell 11 along the axial direction of the stator 13 are open, and the rectifying member 14 has an air inlet 143 and an air outlet 144 which are relatively arranged along the axial direction of the stator 13, the first end 141 forms the air inlet 143, and the second end 142 forms the air outlet 144, the air inlet 143 is connected to one of the openings of the shell 11, and the flow area of ​​the air inlet 143 is greater than the flow area of ​​the air outlet 144.

[0068] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the airflow can flow in from the open end of the shell 11 where the rectifying member 14 is not provided, enter the shell 11 and fully exchange heat with the stator 13. After absorbing heat, the high-temperature airflow flows out from the open end of the shell 11 connected to the rectifying member 14, directly enters the rectifying member 14 through the air inlet 143, and finally leaves the rectifying member 14 from the air outlet 144.

[0069] In this process, since the flow area of ​​the air inlet 143 is greater than the flow area of ​​the air outlet 144, in other words, the entire rectifying component 14 is in the shape of a trumpet, with the flared portion facing the shell 11 and the closed portion away from the shell 11. According to the continuity equation in fluid mechanics (Q=A×V, where Q is the flow rate, A is the area, and V is the flow velocity), when the flow rate is constant, the reduction in area will increase the flow velocity, thereby forming a negative pressure in the shell 11. After entering the rectifying component 14, the airflow will be discharged faster, further promoting the circulation of the airflow, so that the heat generated by the stator 13 can be taken away more quickly, further improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0070] The shape of the air inlet 143 may match the open shape of the corresponding shell 11, and the shape of the air outlet 144 may be designed to be circular, rectangular or polygonal, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0071] The linear motor 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application reduces the residence time of the high-temperature airflow after heat exchange inside the rectifier 14 through the structural design that the flow area of ​​the air inlet 143 on the above-mentioned rectifier 14 is larger than the flow area of ​​the air outlet 144, further promotes the circulation of the airflow, so that the heat generated by the stator 13 can be taken away more quickly, further speeding up the circulation rate of the airflow, and thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the stator 13 as much as possible.

[0072] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the outer surface of the fairing 14 includes a plurality of guide surfaces 145 distributed along the circumferential direction, and the guide surfaces 145 are curved surfaces.

[0073] Here, “multiple” means two or more, and the specific number depends on the size and heat dissipation requirements of the linear motor 10 .

[0074] For example, in some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the outer surface of the fairing 14 includes six flow guide surfaces 145 distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0075] The design of the curved surface may be a parabola, a sinusoidal curve, a spiral curve, or other shapes that conform to fluid mechanics, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0076] It can be understood that the flow guiding surfaces 145 with multiple curved surface shapes greatly increase the flow path length of the gas on the outer surface of the current rectifier 14. When the gas flows through these flow guiding surfaces 145, it needs to advance along the contour of the curved surface. Compared with a flat surface, the flow distance is greatly extended. The flow guiding surfaces 145 with different shapes precisely regulate the gas flow velocity and pressure through unique curvatures and geometric characteristics. For example, the parabolic flow guiding surface 145 can accelerate or decelerate the gas in a specific area due to its characteristics of converging or diverging airflows, thereby strengthening the formation of the pressure difference. The spiral curved surface-shaped flow guiding surface 145 makes the gas flow in a spiral manner, further disturbing the gas flow state, increasing the degree of change in the gas flow velocity, and making the pressure difference at both ends of the linear motor 10 more significant. A larger pressure difference can more effectively drive the gas to circulate inside the linear motor 10, improve the heat dissipation efficiency, and maintain the stability of the linear motor 10 during high-load operation.

[0077] For the linear motor 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, by forming a plurality of circumferentially distributed flow guiding surfaces 145 on the outer surface of the current rectifier 14 as described above and combining with the shape design of the curved surface, the flow guiding surfaces 145 with multiple curved surface shapes can guide the air flow to flow along a specific path, increasing the contact distance of the air flow on the surface of the current rectifier 14. Compared with the flow guiding surface 145 with a planar shape, the flow guiding surface 145 with a curved surface shape can more effectively extend the flow path of the air flow, making the air flow stay on the surface of the current rectifier 14 for a longer time, thereby further increasing the pressure difference at both ends of the linear motor 10 and further increasing the circulation speed of the air flow, maximizing the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0078] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, the flow guiding surface 145 includes a first arc surface 1451 and a second arc surface 1452 connected axially along the stator 13. The centers of curvature of the first arc surface 1451 and the second arc surface 1452 are respectively located on both sides of the flow guiding surface 145.

[0079] It can be understood that, as Figure 6As shown, the first arc surface 1451 bends outward, and the second arc surface 1452 bends inward, making the entire flow guiding surface 145 in an S shape. The gas first flows along the curvature direction of the first arc surface 1451, then turns at the connection between the first arc surface 1451 and the second arc surface 1452, and then continues to flow along the curvature direction of the second arc surface 1452. Compared with a simple planar or single-curvature flow guiding surface 145, this S-shaped flow trajectory greatly increases the flow path length of the gas at this end of the flow rectifying member 14. Due to the significant extension of the gas flow path, the friction and collision between the gas and the flow guiding surface 145 during the flow are more frequent, and the energy loss increases, resulting in a relatively slow flow rate of the gas at this end of the flow rectifying member 14. At the other end of the linear motor 10, the gas flow path is relatively short, and the flow rate is relatively fast. This flow rate difference is more obvious under the action of the first arc surface 1451 and the second arc surface 1452, thereby forming a larger pressure difference at both ends of the linear motor 10. A larger pressure difference will generate a stronger driving force, causing the surrounding gas to flow more quickly and in a larger amount from the end with a fast flow rate and a small pressure to the end with a slow flow rate and a large pressure, forming a stronger and more stable directional air flow.

[0080] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the linear motor 10 further includes: a cooling module 15.

[0081] The cooling module 15 is disposed in the housing 11, the cooling module 15 is attached to the stator 13, and the cooling module 15 forms a heat dissipation air duct 1521 extending along the axial direction of the stator 13.

[0082] The cooling module 15 can be fixed to the housing 11 through a connecting member, or can be simply assembled by embedding, plugging, etc.

[0083] For example, in some embodiments, the housing 11 forms a receiving groove 111 that is open towards the stator 13, and at least a part of the cooling module 15 can be directly embedded in the receiving groove 111.

[0084] The cooling module 15 can be designed as a plate structure, a tube structure, a plate-tube combined structure, a heat dissipation fin structure, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0085] In actual implementation, since the cooling module 15 is attached to the stator 13, it can directly conduct the heat generated by the stator 13, reducing the accumulation of heat inside the stator 13. The heat dissipation air duct 1521 extending along the axial direction of the stator 13 provides a channel for air flow, enabling cold air to flow more smoothly over the surface of the stator 13 and exchange heat with the cooling module 15. The design of the heat dissipation air duct 1521 increases the contact area between the air flow and the cooling module 15, thereby optimizing the heat dissipation effect.

[0086] The linear motor 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, through the above structural design of adding the cooling module 15 and forming the heat dissipation air duct 1521 in the cooling module 15, the cooling module 15 can quickly absorb the heat generated by the stator 13, and then the cold air in the heat dissipation air duct 1521 takes it away. The heat dissipation air duct 1521 can guide the air flow to flow rapidly and orderly along the axial direction of the stator 13, increasing the contact area between the air flow and the cooling module 15, and further improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0087] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, the cooling module 15 includes: a mounting shell 151 and a plurality of heat exchange tubes 152.

[0088] The mounting shell 151 is used to exchange heat with the stator 13; a plurality of heat exchange tubes 152 are arranged in the mounting shell 151, the plurality of heat exchange tubes 152 extend along the axial direction of the stator 13, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes 152 form a plurality of spaced-apart heat dissipation air ducts 1521.

[0089] Among them, the plurality means two or more, and the specific quantity can be adjusted according to the power and heat dissipation requirements of the linear motor 10.

[0090] The mounting shell 151 and the heat exchange tubes 152 can be made of materials with high thermal conductivity, such as metal materials, ceramic matrix composite materials, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0091] The plurality of heat exchange tubes 152 can be installed in the mounting shell 151 in various arrangement manners, such as parallel arrangement, staggered arrangement, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this either.

[0092] The cross-section of the heat dissipation air duct 1521 can be designed as circular, triangular, square or other polygons, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0093] A large amount of joule heat generated during the operation of the stator 13 can be quickly and efficiently transferred to the mounting shell 151, and then the mounting shell 151 can conduct the heat to the plurality of heat exchange tubes 152. Finally, each heat exchange tube 152 carrying the heat dissipates the heat through the continuously flowing cold air in the internal heat dissipation air duct 1521.

[0094] It should be noted that since the working process of the linear motor 10 is based on the interaction force between the magnetic field generated by the energization of the stator 13 and the permanent magnet magnetic field of the mover 12 to drive the movement of the mover 12, therefore, in order to achieve the high-power operation of the linear motor 10, on the one hand, it is necessary to maintain the operation of the linear motor 10 at a low temperature, and on the other hand, it is necessary to improve the axial bearing capacity of the stator 13 and the housing 11. During the operation of the motor, the bearing structure composed of the housing 11, the cooling module 15 and the stator 13 is subjected to a large axial load. Since the heat exchange tubes 152 in the cooling module 15 are hollow structures, in other words, the weight of multiple heat exchange tubes 152 is much lower than that of solid structures, which can effectively increase the load ratio of the bearing structure and improve the axial bearing capacity of the bearing structure on the premise of low quality, thereby increasing the output power of the linear motor 10.

[0095] For the linear motor 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, through the above-mentioned arrangement of the mounting shell 151 and multiple heat exchange tubes 152, heat is transferred from the stator 13 to the mounting shell 151, then from the mounting shell 151 to the heat exchange tubes 152, and finally taken away by the air in the heat dissipation air duct 1521, forming an efficient heat exchange path, which can transfer the heat of the stator 13 to the heat dissipation air duct 1521 faster, making the air fully contact with the inner wall of the heat exchange tubes 152, greatly increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the combined design of the mounting shell 151 and the heat exchange tubes 152 makes the cooling module 15 have a compact structure and small occupied space, realizes an efficient heat dissipation function in a limited space, can also improve the axial bearing capacity of the linear motor 10, is beneficial to the miniaturization and lightweight design of the linear motor 10, and improves the output power of the linear motor 10.

[0096] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, a gap 153 for filling a solid-phase change medium is formed between multiple heat exchange tubes 152, and baffles for blocking the gap 153 are provided at both ends of the mounting shell 151 along the axis of the stator 13.

[0097] Among them, the solid-phase change medium can be selected from organic phase change materials such as paraffin, which has the advantages of a wide phase change temperature range, large latent heat, and stable chemical properties. Some inorganic phase change materials, such as sodium sulfate hydrate, can also be selected, which have a high thermal conductivity and phase change enthalpy. In addition, composite phase change materials can also be considered to combine the advantages of organic and inorganic materials to optimize the performance of the solid-phase change medium.

[0098] In actual implementation, as Figure 7As shown in the figure, during assembly, the mounting shell 151, multiple heat exchange tubes 152, and the baffle at one end can be pre-assembled first. At this time, the multiple heat exchange tubes 152 are spaced apart, and a gap 153 is formed between adjacent two heat exchange tubes 152. Subsequently, the solid medium can be directly filled into the gap 153. Finally, the baffle at the other end is assembled. The baffle can seal the solid phase change medium, and at the same time, it is necessary to design the openings of the inlets and outlets of the multiple heat dissipation air ducts 1521 to avoid interference. During the operation of the linear motor 10, the solid cooling medium absorbs a large amount of heat and liquefies at the position close to the stator 13, and solidifies and releases a large amount of heat at the position of the cold air in the heat dissipation air duct 1521 close to the heat exchange tube 152. Specifically, due to the large-area contact heat exchange between the solid cooling medium and the multiple heat exchange tubes 152, the solid cooling medium convects with the low-temperature air flowing at high speed in the heat dissipation air duct 1521, dissipating the heat carried by the solid cooling medium into the heat dissipation air duct 1521 and being carried away by the air flow.

[0099] For the linear motor 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, through the design of forming the gap 153 between the multiple heat exchange tubes 152 to fill the solid phase change medium, the solid phase change medium absorbs heat and undergoes a phase change when the temperature rises, storing the heat; when the temperature drops, it releases heat and returns to its original state. On the one hand, this process of phase change heat storage and heat release can buffer the temperature change of the stator 13 to a certain extent, reduce the temperature fluctuation of the stator 13, effectively regulate the temperature of the linear motor 10, and help the linear motor 10 operate in a relatively stable temperature environment, improving the stability and reliability of the performance of the linear motor 10. On the other hand, it increases the full and sufficient contact between the solid phase change medium and the multiple heat exchange tubes 152, enabling efficient heat transfer between the phase change medium and the multiple heat exchange tubes 152, thereby maximizing the heat dissipation efficiency. On the other hand, combined with the setting of the baffle, it can effectively block the gap 153 between the heat exchange tubes 152, significantly reducing the risk of pollution or damage to other components of the linear motor 10 caused by the leakage of the solid phase change medium, thereby increasing the reliability of the linear motor 10.

[0100] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, the cooling module 15 further includes: a spacer 154.

[0101] The spacer 154 is connected between the mounting shell 151 and the stator 13, and the spacer 154 is used to separate the mounting shell 151 and the stator 13.

[0102] Among them, the connection method between the spacer 154 and the mounting shell 151 may include but is not limited to threaded connection, riveting, or snap connection, etc. The connection method between the spacer 154 and the stator 13 may include but is not limited to threaded connection, riveting, or snap connection, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0103] The spacer 154 can be made of a highly thermally conductive insulating material such as epoxy resin, ceramic, or composite material, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0104] It can be understood that since the mounting shell 151 and the heat exchange tubes 152 are commonly made of metal materials with excellent thermal conductivity, when the mounting shell 151 and the plurality of heat exchange tubes 152 are close to the magnetic field of the stator 13, eddy currents will be induced, resulting in energy loss, heat generation, and efficiency reduction, which affects the normal operation of the linear motor 10. By providing the spacer 154 in the present application, on the one hand, it can effectively block the electromagnetic induction path, reduce the generation of eddy currents, and thus greatly reduce electromagnetic interference; on the other hand, the spacer 154 separates the mounting shell 151 from the stator 13, avoiding direct electrical contact between the stator 13 and the mounting shell 151, thereby reducing the probability of occurrence of electric leakage safety accidents.

[0105] The linear motor 10 provided by the embodiments of the present application, through the setting of the above-mentioned spacer 154, reduces the generation of eddy currents, reduces electromagnetic interference, reduces the energy loss inside the linear motor 10, improves the efficiency and power factor of the linear motor 10, can more accurately control the motion parameters of the motor, thereby improving the running stability and control accuracy of the linear motor 10, and can form reliable electrical insulation between the stator 13 and the mounting shell 151. Even in the case where the stator 13 leaks electricity due to a fault in the linear motor 10, the current conducted to the mounting shell 151 and the plurality of heat exchange tubes 152 can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the linear motor 10.

[0106] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 shown, the cross-sectional shape of the heat dissipation air duct 1521 is a polygon.

[0107] For example, in this embodiment, as Figure 7 shown, the cross-sectional shape of the heat dissipation air duct 1521 is a hexagon.

[0108] For example, in some other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the heat dissipation air duct 1521 is a pentagon.

[0109] For example, in still some other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the heat dissipation air duct 1521 is an octagon.

[0110] It can be understood that, on the one hand, the cross-sectional design of the polygon can greatly increase the contact area between the solid cooling medium and the low-temperature air flow flowing at high speed in the heat dissipation air duct 1521, thereby effectively improving the heat dissipation efficiency and reducing the temperature of the stator 13; on the other hand, the cross-sectional design of the polygon can better guide the air flow and reduce the vortex and turbulence phenomena during the air flow process, which not only reduces the energy loss, but also improves the uniformity and stability of the air flow; on the other hand, during the operation of the linear motor 10, the bearing structure composed of the housing 11, the cooling module 15 and the stator 13 is subjected to a large axial load. The cross-sectional shape of the polygon has good structural stability, enabling the heat exchange tube 152 to better resist these external forces, thereby further improving the axial bearing capacity of the bearing structure and then increasing the output power of the linear motor 10; on the other hand, the cross-sectional shape of the polygon is relatively regular and is easier to process and form during manufacturing. Whether using die manufacturing or other processing methods, the dimensions and shape can be more accurately controlled.

[0111] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the stator 13 includes a plurality of coil windings 131 spaced apart circumferentially, and a plurality of cooling modules 15 are provided. The plurality of cooling modules 15 are used for heat exchange with the plurality of coil windings 131 in one-to-one correspondence.

[0112] Among them, a plurality means two or more. Exemplarily, as Figure 3 shown, the stator 13 includes 3 coil windings 131 spaced apart circumferentially, 3 cooling modules 15 are provided, and the 3 cooling modules 15 are used for heat exchange with the 3 coil windings 131 in one-to-one correspondence. The 3 cooling modules 15 are arranged in a triangular array, and the 3 coil windings 131 are arranged in a triangular array in the same form.

[0113] The linear motor 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, through the structural design of the above-mentioned plurality of cooling modules 15 for heat exchange with the plurality of coil windings 131 in one-to-one correspondence, can accurately dissipate heat according to the heat generation situation of each coil winding 131, so that each coil winding 131 can be effectively cooled, and the phenomenon of local overheating can be minimized as much as possible, thereby comprehensively optimizing the heat dissipation effect and then extending the working life of the linear motor 10.

[0114] The present application also discloses an electromagnetic suspension.

[0115] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic suspension includes: the linear motor 10 in any of the above solutions.

[0116] The electromagnetic suspension provided by the embodiments of the present application, through the arrangement of the linear motor 10 above, utilizes the Bernoulli principle to form a pressure difference between the two axial ends of the linear motor 10, thereby generating a stable high-speed air flow within the housing 11, providing a continuous cold air source for the stator 13, greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency, effectively reducing the temperature of the stator 13, reducing failures and damages caused by overheating, further enhancing the stability and reliability of the linear motor 10, and extending the service life of the linear motor 10.

[0117] The present application also discloses a vehicle.

[0118] In some embodiments, the vehicle includes: the electromagnetic suspension as described above.

[0119] The vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application, through the arrangement of the electromagnetic suspension above, utilizes the Bernoulli principle to form a pressure difference between the two axial ends of the linear motor 10, thereby generating a stable high-speed air flow within the housing 11, providing a continuous cold air source for the stator 13, greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency, effectively reducing the temperature of the stator 13, reducing failures and damages caused by overheating, further enhancing the stability and reliability of the linear motor 10, and extending the service life of the linear motor 10.

[0120] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such used data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or multiple. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / ", generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0121] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0122] In the description of the present application, the "first feature", "second feature" may include one or more of such features.

[0123] In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0124] In the description of the present application, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through additional features therebetween.

[0125] In the description of the present application, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature.

[0126] Other configurations of... according to the embodiments of the present application, such as... and... etc., as well as operations are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0127] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0128] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A linear motor, characterized in that: include: case; A mover is disposed in the housing; A stator is arranged in the housing and sleeved outside the mover, and the mover can move relative to the stator; The rectifying component is arranged at one end of the stator along its own axial direction, the first end of the rectifying component along the axial direction of the stator is connected to the shell, and the second end of the rectifying component along the axial direction of the stator is arranged to protrude outward relative to the shell.

2. The linear motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is open on both sides along the axial direction of the stator, and the rectifier has an air inlet and an air outlet that are relatively arranged along the axial direction of the stator. The first end forms the air inlet, and the second end forms the air outlet. The air inlet is connected to one of the open ports of the shell, and the flow area of ​​the air inlet is greater than the flow area of ​​the air outlet.

3. The linear motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the fairing comprises a plurality of flow guiding surfaces distributed along the circumferential direction, and the flow guiding surfaces are curved surfaces.

4. The linear motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide surface comprises a first arc surface and a second arc surface connected along the axial direction of the stator, and the center of curvature of the first arc surface and the center of curvature of the second arc surface are respectively located on two sides of the guide surface.

5. The linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The cooling module is arranged in the housing, adhered to the stator, and forms a heat dissipation duct extending along the axial direction of the stator.

6. The linear motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling module comprises: A mounting shell for exchanging heat with the stator; A plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the installation shell, extend along the axial direction of the stator, and form a plurality of heat dissipation ducts distributed at intervals.

7. The linear motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A gap for filling a solid phase-change medium is formed between the plurality of heat exchange tubes, and baffles for sealing the gap are provided at both ends of the mounting shell along the axial direction of the stator.

8. The linear motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cooling module also includes: An isolating member is connected between the mounting shell and the stator and is used to separate the mounting shell and the stator.

9. The linear motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the heat dissipation duct is a polygon.

10. The linear motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stator includes a plurality of coil windings spaced apart and distributed along the circumferential direction. A plurality of cooling modules are provided, and the plurality of cooling modules are used for exchanging heat with the plurality of coil windings in a one-to-one correspondence.

11. An electromagnetic suspension, characterized in that: include: A linear motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: The electromagnetic suspension as claimed in claim 11.

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