Pretreatment mechanism and treatment process for crude oil transportation

Abstract

The invention relates to a pretreatment mechanism and a pretreatment process for crude oil transportation. The problems that an existing crude oil filtering device is insufficient in filtering and inconvenient to clean are mainly solved. The device is characterized by comprising an oil inlet end assembly (1), a flow dividing device (2), a backwashing device (3), an adjusting warping plate assembly (4), an oil outlet end assembly (5) and two filter assemblies (6), one end of the oil inlet end assembly (1) is connected with a crude oil output end, the other end of the oil inlet end assembly (1) is connected with the flow dividing device (2), and the two ends of the flow dividing device (2) are connected to the bottom ends of the two filter assemblies (6) respectively. The top ends of the two filter assemblies (6) are connected with the oil outlet end assembly (5) respectively, the backwashing device (3) is connected between the two filter assemblies (6), and the two ends of the adjusting warping plate assembly (4) are connected to the upper portions of the two filter assemblies (6) respectively. The crude oil conveying pretreatment mechanism and process are good in filtering effect, have a backwashing function and realize automatic filtering and cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of oil fields, and specifically to a pre-treatment mechanism and process for crude oil transportation. Background Art

[0002] When producing crude oil, first, methods such as natural flow, pumping oil, injecting water or gas pressure are used to recover crude oil from each part of the underground oil layer through production wells. The recovered crude oil is sent from the branch pipes of the Christmas trees of each oil well to the oil storage through pipelines buried underground. Since the components in the produced crude oil are relatively complex, it usually also contains impurities such as large particles of sediment and fine stones. The impurity components need to be filtered to avoid damaging devices such as the delivery pump and pipeline. Existing filtering devices cannot effectively filter insoluble impurities such as sediment, and there are problems of insufficient filtering during filtration and inconvenient cleaning. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the existing crude oil filtering device in insufficient filtering and inconvenient cleaning, the present invention provides a pre-treatment mechanism and process for crude oil transportation. The pre-treatment mechanism and process for crude oil transportation have good filtering effect and a backwashing function, realizing automatic filtering and cleaning.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation, characterized in that: it includes an oil inlet end assembly, a shunt device, a backwashing device, an adjusting toggle component, an oil outlet end assembly, and two filter assemblies. One end of the oil inlet end assembly is connected to the crude oil output end, and the other end is connected to the shunt device. The two ends of the shunt device are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the two filter assemblies. The top ends of the two filter assemblies are respectively connected to the oil outlet end assembly. The backwashing device is connected between the two filter assemblies. The two ends of the adjusting toggle component are respectively connected to the upper parts of the two filter assemblies; The adjusting toggle component includes a fixed connecting plate and a bent toggle rod. The two ends of the fixed connecting plate are respectively connected to the top ends of the two filter assemblies. The bent toggle rod is hinged to the fixed connecting plate, and the two ends of the bent toggle rod are respectively slidably connected to the upper parts of the two filter assemblies.

[0005] Further, each filter assembly includes a lifting mechanism, a filter barrel, a filter cover body, and a filter element. The lower part of the lifting mechanism is slidably attached to the inner wall of the filter barrel. The two ends of the bent toggle rod are respectively slidably connected to the upper parts of the two lifting mechanisms. The bottom end of the filter barrel is fixed to one end of the shunt device. The filter element is slidably connected to the middle of the cavity of the filter barrel and is connected to the lifting mechanism. The filter cover body is connected to the top end of the filter barrel, and the lifting mechanism and the filter cover body are slidably connected through an oil seal.

[0006] Further, each filter assembly further includes an oil inlet baffle, an oil inlet constant velocity joint, an oil outlet plug and two link assemblies. The oil inlet baffle is fixed to the lower part inside the filter barrel cavity. An oil outlet constant velocity joint is provided on the oil inlet baffle. The oil inlet constant velocity joint is slidably connected inside the oil outlet constant velocity joint. The oil outlet plug is connected to the lifting mechanism and is slidably clamped with the filter cover body. The two link assemblies are respectively hinged between the lifting mechanism and the oil inlet constant velocity joint.

[0007] Further, each lifting mechanism includes a guide plate, a guide oil-blocking plate, a main cross beam, a sub-cross beam and two guide rods. Two relief notches are formed at the edge of the filter element. The guide plate and the guide oil-blocking plate are respectively fixed in the two relief notches. A relief oil outlet is formed on the guide oil-blocking plate. The bottom ends of the two guide rods are respectively connected to the upper ends of the guide plate and the guide oil-blocking plate. The sub-cross beam is connected between the lower parts of the two guide rods. The oil outlet plug is fixed on the sub-cross beam. The two ends of the main cross beam are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the two guide rods. A chute is formed on the main cross beam. The two ends of the bent and warped rod are respectively slidably connected in the two chutes.

[0008] Further, each link assembly includes a main link, a guide rod and a sub-link. The main link is hinged to the oil inlet constant velocity joint. The two ends of one main link are respectively hinged to the guide plate and the first guide rod. The two ends of the other main link are respectively hinged to the guide oil-blocking plate and the second guide rod. The sub-link is hinged to one end of the oil inlet baffle away from the oil inlet constant velocity joint. One end of the sub-link is hinged to the lower end of the guide rod through a sleeve. The other end of the sub-link is hinged to the oil inlet constant velocity joint through a sleeve. The two guide rods are respectively slidably connected to the oil inlet baffle.

[0009] Further, the main link is divided into a hinged long end and a hinged short end. The hinged short end is hinged to the upper end of the guide rod through a sleeve. The sub-link is divided into a hinged long end and a hinged short end. The hinged long end is hinged to the lower end of the guide rod through a sleeve.

[0010] Further, each filter barrel is provided with a backwashing inlet and a backwashing outlet. The backwashing device includes two backwashing three-way pipes. The two ends of one backwashing three-way pipe are respectively connected to the two backwashing inlets. The two ends of the other backwashing three-way pipe are respectively connected to the two backwashing outlets. The middle end of one backwashing three-way pipe is connected to the backwashing liquid input end. The middle end of the other backwashing three-way pipe is connected to the backwashing liquid output end.

[0011] Further, the oil inlet end assembly includes a heat medium three-way pipe and a ball valve. The heat medium three-way pipe includes an inner pipe, an outer pipe and two connecting flanges. Two heat medium connection ports are provided on the outer pipe for connecting in the heat medium circuit. One connecting flange is connected to the crude oil output end. The other connecting flange is connected to one end of the ball valve. The inner pipe is connected between the two connecting flanges. The outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe.

[0012] Further, the flow splitting device includes a flow splitting tee, two flow splitting pipes and two one-way valves. The middle of the flow splitting tee is connected to the ball valve. The two ends of the flow splitting tee are respectively connected to the flow splitting pipes, and the other ends of the flow splitting pipes are connected to the one-way valves. The outlet ends of the two one-way valves are respectively connected to the bottoms of the two filter barrels.

[0013] A treatment process for a pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation includes the following steps: Step 1: Initially press down one end of the bending lever until one of the filter assemblies is in the state of conducting crude oil filtration. The guiding oil-blocking plate therein makes both the backwashing inlet and the backwashing outlet on the filter assembly in the closed state. Due to the action of the lifting mechanism, the other filter assembly is in the state of closing crude oil filtration, and the other guiding oil-blocking plate makes both the backwashing inlet and the backwashing outlet on the other filter assembly in the conducting state. At this time, there is no need to turn on the power source of the backwashing device. Step 2: The crude oil enters the flow splitting device through the inlet end assembly and flows into the two flow splitting pipes respectively through the flow splitting tee. Since only one filter assembly is in the state of conducting crude oil filtration, the crude oil does not flow to the other filter assembly. Step 3: The crude oil enters the filter assembly in the conducting state for filtration. The filter element in the filter assembly in the conducting state starts to filter and adsorb the impurity components in the crude oil from bottom to top. Step 4: After a period of filtration, the filter element in the filter assembly in the conducting state has a reduced adsorption capacity and conductivity due to saturation adsorption, which further causes the oil pressure in the lower part of the filter cavity in the filter assembly cavity to rise. The oil pressure pushes the blocked filter element upward. Step 5: According to Step 1, as the blocked filter element moves upward, it will drive the lifting mechanism connected to the blocked filter element upward, drive the inlet oil cage to slide into the outlet oil cage, and the outlet plug to move towards the filter cover body, thereby playing a role in sealing the oil circuit. The guiding oil-blocking plate on the lifting mechanism moves upward, making both the backwashing inlet and the backwashing outlet in the open state. At the same time, the proximal end of the bending lever rises, and the distal end of the bending lever descends and drives the other lifting mechanism to move downward until the other filter assembly is opened to the state of conducting crude oil filtration. Similarly, both the backwashing inlet and the backwashing outlet in the other filter assembly are in the closed state. At this time, turn on the power source of the backwashing device. Step 6: The backwashing liquid enters through the backwashing inlet of the filter assembly where the blocked filter element is located and starts to backwash the filter element from top to bottom, and discharges the impurity components in the lower part of the filter cavity in the filter assembly cavity from the backwashing outlet. The blocked filter element restores its adsorption and filtration capacity and waits for the next filtration cycle. Step 7: As the filter element in the other filter assembly is blocked, according to Steps 4 to 6, cyclic filtration and backwashing of the two filter assemblies are realized.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: By adopting the above solution, through the arrangement of two interlinked filter assemblies, the guiding oil-blocking plate rises and falls synchronously with the filter element. The relief oil outlet on the guiding oil-blocking plate and the lower end of the guiding oil-blocking plate can simultaneously block or simultaneously give way to the backwashing inlet and the backwashing outlet on the same filter barrel. When the filter element is blocked and moves upward, they are both in the conducting state, and when the filter element moves downward, they are both in the closed state. In this way, the same filter assembly can only be in either the state of crude oil filtration conducting and backwashing circuit closed or the state of crude oil filtration closed and backwashing circuit conducting, and can automatically switch states along with the movement of the filter element, realizing the function of cyclic filtration and backwashing of the two filter assemblies. There is no need to manually replace the filter element in a short period, achieving the effect of automatic filtration and cleaning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the oil inlet end assembly and the shunt device of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic exploded partial perspective view of the backwashing device of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the adjusting rocker assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 is a perspective view of the filter assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the filter assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic view of one state of the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic view of another state of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure, 1 is the oil inlet end assembly, 2 is the flow splitting device, 3 is the backwashing device, 4 is the adjusting rocker assembly, 5 is the oil outlet end assembly, 6 is the filter assembly, 11 is the thermal medium three-way pipe, 12 is the ball valve, 111 is the inner pipe, 112 is the outer cylinder, 113 is the connecting flange, 21 is the flow splitting three-way pipe, 22 is the flow splitting pipe, 23 is the check valve, 31 is the backwashing three-way pipe, 41 is the fixed connecting plate, 42 is the bent rocker, 60 is the connecting rod assembly, 601 is the main connecting rod, 602 is the guide rod, 603 is the sub-connecting rod, 61 is the lifting mechanism, 611 is the guide plate, 612 is the guide oil-blocking plate, 613 is the main cross beam, 614 is the sub-cross beam, 615 is the guide rod, 6121 is the relief oil outlet, 6131 is the sliding groove, 62 is the filter barrel, 621 is the backwashing inlet, 622 is the backwashing outlet, 63 is the filter cover, 64 is the filter element, 641 is the relief notch, 65 is the oil seal, 66 is the oil inlet baffle, 661 is the oil outlet ball cage, 67 is the oil inlet ball cage, 68 is the oil outlet plug. Embodiment

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: As Figures 1 to 9 shown, a pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation includes an oil inlet end assembly 1, a flow splitting device 2, a backwashing device 3, an adjusting rocker assembly 4, an oil outlet end assembly 5 and two filter assemblies 6. One end of the oil inlet end assembly 1 is connected to the crude oil output end, and the other end is connected to the inlet end of the flow splitting device 2. The two outlet ends of the flow splitting device 2 are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the filter assemblies 6, and the top ends of the two filter assemblies 6 are connected to the oil outlet end assembly 5. The backwashing device 3 is connected between the two filter assemblies 6, and the two ends of the adjusting rocker assembly 4 are respectively connected to the upper parts of the two filter assemblies 6.

[0018] Each filter assembly 6 includes a lifting mechanism 61, a filter barrel 62, a filter cover 63 and a filter element 64. The lower part of the lifting mechanism 61 is slidably attached to the inner wall of the filter barrel 62. The two ends of the bent rocker 42 are respectively slidably connected to the upper parts of the two lifting mechanisms 61. The bottom end of the filter barrel 62 is connected to one end of the flow splitting device 2. The filter element 64 is slidably connected to the middle of the cavity of the filter barrel 62, and the filter element 64 is connected to the lifting mechanism 61. The filter cover 63 is fixed to the top end of the filter barrel 62, and the lifting mechanism 61 and the filter cover 63 are slidably connected through an oil seal 65.

[0019] Each filter assembly 6 further includes an oil inlet baffle 66, an oil inlet constant velocity joint 67, an oil outlet plug 68, and two link assemblies 60. The oil inlet baffle 66 is fixed to the lower part inside the filter barrel 62 cavity. An oil outlet constant velocity joint 661 is provided on the oil inlet baffle 66. The oil inlet constant velocity joint 67 is slidably connected within the oil outlet constant velocity joint 661. The oil outlet plug 68 is connected to the lifting mechanism 61 and is slidably clamped to the filter cover 63. The two link assemblies 60 are respectively hinged between the lifting mechanism 61 and the oil inlet constant velocity joint 67.

[0020] Each filter barrel 62 is provided with a backwash inlet 621 and a backwash outlet 622. The backwash device 3 includes two backwash three-way pipes 31. One end of one backwash three-way pipe 31 is respectively fixedly connected to the two backwash inlets 621, and the two ends of the other backwash three-way pipe 31 are respectively fixedly connected to the two backwash outlets 622. The middle end of one backwash three-way pipe 31 is connected to the backwash liquid input end, and the middle end of the other backwash three-way pipe 31 is connected to the backwash liquid output end. The two backwash three-way pipes 31 are connected in series in the backwash liquid circuit and can perform backwashing on the filter assembly 6 unidirectionally and singly. The backwash liquid with impurities washed out can be recycled and filtered and then re-merged into the backwash liquid circuit for repeated use.

[0021] The oil inlet end assembly 1 includes a heat medium three-way pipe 11 and a ball valve 12. The heat medium three-way pipe 11 includes an inner pipe 111, an outer pipe 112, and two connecting flanges 113. Two heat medium connection ports 1121 are provided on the outer pipe 112 for connection in the heat medium circuit. One connecting flange 113 is connected to the crude oil output end, and the other connecting flange 113 is connected to one end of the ball valve 12. The inner pipe 111 is connected between the two connecting flanges 113, and the outer pipe 112 is sleeved outside the inner pipe 111. The outer pipe 112 is sleeved outside the inner pipe 111 to form a circulation cavity, and the heat medium can pass through the circulation cavity to heat the crude oil in the inner pipe 111, improving the fluidity of the crude oil for easy transportation.

[0022] The flow splitting device 2 includes a flow splitting three-way pipe 21, two flow splitting pipes 22, and two one-way valves 23. The middle part of the flow splitting three-way pipe 21 is connected to the ball valve 12. The two ends of the flow splitting three-way pipe 21 are respectively connected to the flow splitting pipes. The other end of the flow splitting pipe 22 is connected to the inlet end of the one-way valve 23, and the outlet ends of the one-way valves 23 are respectively connected to the bottom of the filter barrel 62.

[0023] The adjusting rocker assembly 4 includes a fixed connecting plate 41 and a bent rocker 42. The two ends of the fixed connecting plate 41 are respectively connected to the tops of the two filter assemblies 6. The bent rocker 42 is hinged to the fixed connecting plate 41, and the two ends of the bent rocker 42 are respectively slidably installed on the upper parts of the two filter assemblies 6.

[0024] Each lifting mechanism 61 includes a guide plate 611, a guide oil-blocking plate 612, a main cross beam 613, a secondary cross beam 614, and two guide rods 615. Two relief notches 641 are formed at the edge of the filter element 64, and the guide plate 611 and the guide oil-blocking plate 612 are respectively fixed in the two relief notches 641. A relief oil outlet 6121 is formed on the guide oil-blocking plate 612. The bottom ends of the two guide rods 615 are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the guide plate 611 and the guide oil-blocking plate 612. The secondary cross beam 614 is fixed between the lower parts of the two guide rods 615, and the oil drain plug 68 is fixed on the secondary cross beam 614. The two ends of the main cross beam 613 are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the two guide rods 615. A sliding groove 6131 is formed on the main cross beam 613, and the two ends of the bent lever 42 are respectively slidably connected in the two sliding grooves 6131. The guide oil-blocking plate 612 moves up and down synchronously with the filter element 64. The relief oil outlet 6121 on the guide oil-blocking plate 612 and the lower end of the guide oil-blocking plate 612 can simultaneously block or unblock the backwashing inlet 621 and the backwashing outlet 622 on the same filter barrel 62. When the filter element 64 is blocked and moves upward, they are both in a conducting state, and when the filter element 64 moves downward, they are both in a closed state. In this way, the same filter assembly 6 can only be in either the state of crude oil filtration conducting and backwashing circuit closed or the state of crude oil filtration closed and backwashing circuit conducting, and can automatically switch states as the filter element 64 moves.

[0025] Each link assembly 60 includes a main link 601, a guide rod 602, and a secondary link 603. The main link 601 is hinged to the oil outlet constant velocity joint 661. The two ends of one main link 601 are respectively hinged to the guide plate 611 and the first guide rod 602, and the two ends of the other main link 601 are respectively hinged to the guide oil-blocking plate 612 and the second guide rod 602. The secondary link 603 is hinged to the end of the oil inlet baffle 66 away from the oil outlet constant velocity joint 661. One end of the secondary link 603 is hinged to the lower end of the guide rod 602 through a sleeve, and the other end of the secondary link 603 is hinged to the oil inlet constant velocity joint 67 through a sleeve. The two guide rods 602 are respectively slidably connected to the oil inlet baffle 66.

[0026] The main link 601 is divided into a hinged long end and a hinged short end, and the hinged short end is hinged to the upper end of the guide rod 602 through a sleeve. The secondary link 603 is divided into a hinged long end and a hinged short end, and the hinged long end is hinged to the lower end of the guide rod 602 through a sleeve. This structure utilizes the lever principle. When the filter element 64 is blocked, the oil pressure in the lower part of the filter cavity inside the filter assembly 6 rises. The oil pressure pushes the blocked filter element 64 to move upward. During the upward movement, the guide plate 611 and the guide oil-blocking plate 612 can easily drive the oil inlet constant velocity joint 67 to slide into the oil outlet constant velocity joint 661, thereby playing a role in sealing the oil circuit.

[0027] A treatment process for a pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Initially press down one end of the bending lever 42 until one of the filter assemblies 6 is in a state of conducting crude oil filtration. The guiding oil-blocking plate 612 therein causes both the backwash inlet 621 and the backwash outlet 622 on the filter assembly 6 to be in a closed state. Due to the action of the lifting mechanism 61, the other filter assembly 6 is in a state of closing crude oil filtration, and the other guiding oil-blocking plate 612 causes both the backwash inlet 621 and the backwash outlet 622 on the other filter assembly 6 to be in a conducting state. At this time, there is no need to turn on the power source of the backwash device 3.

[0028] Step 2: The crude oil enters the shunt device 2 through the inlet end assembly 1 and flows through the shunt tee 21 into the two shunt pipes 22 respectively. Since only one filter assembly 6 is in a state of conducting crude oil filtration, the crude oil does not flow to the other filter assembly 6.

[0029] Step 3: The crude oil enters the filter assembly 6 in a conducting state for filtration. The filter element 64 in the filter assembly 6 in a conducting state starts to filter and adsorb the impurity components in the crude oil from bottom to top.

[0030] Step 4: After a period of filtration, the filter element 64 in the filter assembly 6 in a conducting state has its adsorption capacity and conductivity decreased due to saturation adsorption, and further causes the oil pressure in the lower part of the filter chamber in the filter assembly 6 to rise. The oil pressure pushes the blocked filter element 64 to move upward.

[0031] Step 5: According to the description in Step 1, as the blocked filter element 64 moves upward, it will drive the lifting mechanism 61 connected to the blocked filter element 64 to move upward, drive the inlet ball cage 67 to slide into the outlet ball cage 661, and the outlet plug 68 to move towards the filter cover 63, thereby playing a role in sealing the oil circuit. The guiding oil-blocking plate 612 on the lifting mechanism 61 moves upward, causing both the backwash inlet 621 and the backwash outlet 622 to be in an open state. At the same time, the proximal end of the bending lever 42 rises, and the distal end of the bending lever 42 descends and drives the other lifting mechanism 61 to move downward until the other filter assembly 6 is opened to a state of conducting crude oil filtration. Similarly, both the backwash inlet 621 and the backwash outlet 622 in the other filter assembly 6 are in a closed state. At this time, turn on the power source of the backwash device 3.

[0032] Step 6: The backwash liquid enters through the backwash inlet 621 of the filter assembly 6 where the blocked filter element 64 is located, and starts to backwash the filter element 64 from top to bottom, and discharges the impurity components in the lower part of the filter chamber in the filter assembly through the backwash outlet 622. The blocked filter element 64 resumes its adsorption and filtration capacity and waits for the next filtration cycle.

[0033] Step Seven: As the filter element 64 in another filter assembly 6 becomes blocked, according to the descriptions in Steps Four to Six, it can be known that this device can achieve the function of cyclic filtration and backwashing of two filter assemblies 6, and there is no need to manually replace the filter element 64 in a short period, achieving the effect of automatic filtration and cleaning.

Claims

1. A pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation, characterized in that: It includes an inlet end assembly (1), a flow splitting device (2), a backwashing device (3), an adjusting rocker assembly (4), an outlet end assembly (5) and two filter assemblies (6). One end of the inlet end assembly (1) is connected to the crude oil output end, and the other end is connected to the flow splitting device (2). Both ends of the flow splitting device (2) are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the two filter assemblies (6). The top ends of the two filter assemblies (6) are respectively connected to the outlet end assembly (5). The backwashing device (3) is connected between the two filter assemblies (6). Both ends of the adjusting rocker assembly (4) are respectively connected to the upper parts of the two filter assemblies (6). The adjusting rocker assembly (4) includes a fixed connecting plate (41) and a bent rocker (42). Both ends of the fixed connecting plate (41) are respectively connected to the top ends of the two filter assemblies (6). The bent rocker (42) is hinged to the fixed connecting plate (41). Both ends of the bent rocker (42) are respectively slidably connected to the upper parts of the two filter assemblies (6).

2. The pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation according to claim 1, wherein: Each filter assembly (6) includes a lifting mechanism (61), a filter barrel (62), a filter cover (63) and a filter element (64). The lower part of the lifting mechanism (61) is slidably attached to the inner wall of the filter barrel (62). Both ends of the bent rocker (42) are respectively slidably connected to the upper parts of the two lifting mechanisms (61). The bottom end of the filter barrel (62) is fixed to one end of the flow splitting device (2). The filter element (64) is slidably connected to the middle of the cavity of the filter barrel (62), and the filter element (64) is connected to the lifting mechanism (61). The filter cover (63) is connected to the top end of the filter barrel (62), and the lifting mechanism (61) and the filter cover (63) are slidably connected through an oil seal (65).

3. The pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each filter assembly (6) further includes an inlet baffle (66), an inlet ball cage (67), an outlet plug (68) and two link assemblies (60). The inlet baffle (66) is fixed to the lower part of the cavity of the filter barrel (62). An outlet ball cage (661) is provided on the inlet baffle (66). The inlet ball cage (67) is slidably connected to the outlet ball cage (661). The outlet plug (68) is connected to the lifting mechanism (61), and the outlet plug (68) is slidably clamped to the filter cover (63). The two link assemblies (60) are respectively hinged between the lifting mechanism (61) and the inlet ball cage (67).

4. The pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each lifting mechanism (61) includes a guide plate (611), a guide oil-blocking plate (612), a main cross beam (613), a secondary cross beam (614) and two guide rods (615). Two relief notches (641) are formed at the edge of the filter element (64). The guide plate (611) and the guide oil-blocking plate (612) are respectively fixed in the two relief notches (641). A relief oil outlet (6121) is formed on the guide oil-blocking plate (612). The bottom ends of the two guide rods (615) are respectively connected to the upper ends of the guide plate (611) and the guide oil-blocking plate (612). The secondary cross beam (614) is connected between the lower parts of the two guide rods (611). The oil outlet plug (68) is fixed on the secondary cross beam (614). The two ends of the main cross beam (613) are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the two guide rods (611). A chute (6131) is formed on the main cross beam (613). The two ends of the bending lever (42) are respectively slidably connected in the two chutes (6131).

5. The pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each link assembly (60) includes a main link (601), a guide rod (602) and a secondary link (603). The main link (601) is hinged to the output constant velocity joint (661). The two ends of one main link (601) are respectively hinged to the guide plate (611) and the first guide rod (602). The two ends of the other main link (601) are respectively hinged to the guide oil-blocking plate (612) and the second guide rod (602). The secondary link (603) is hinged to one end of the inlet baffle (66) away from the output constant velocity joint (661). One end of the secondary link (603) is hinged to the lower end of the guide rod (602) through a sleeve. The other end of the secondary link (603) is hinged to the inlet constant velocity joint (67) through a sleeve. The two guide rods (602) are respectively slidably connected to the inlet baffle (66).

6. The pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main link (601) is divided into a hinged long end and a hinged short end. The hinged short end is hinged to the upper end of the guide rod (602) through a sleeve. The secondary link (603) is divided into a hinged long end and a hinged short end. The hinged long end is hinged to the lower end of the guide rod (602) through a sleeve.

7. The pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation according to claim 6, wherein: Each filter barrel (62) is provided with a backwashing inlet (621) and a backwashing outlet (622). The backwashing device (3) includes two backwashing three-way pipes (31). The two ends of one backwashing three-way pipe (31) are respectively connected to the two backwashing inlets (621). The two ends of the other backwashing three-way pipe (31) are respectively connected to the two backwashing outlets (622). The middle end of one backwashing three-way pipe (31) is connected to the backwashing liquid input end. The middle end of the other backwashing three-way pipe (31) is connected to the backwashing liquid output end.

8. The pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inlet end assembly (1) includes a heat medium three-way (11) and a ball valve (12). The heat medium three-way (11) includes an inner pipe (111), an outer pipe (112) and two connecting flanges (113). Two heat medium connection ports (1121) are arranged on the outer pipe (112) for connection in the heat medium circuit. One of the connecting flanges (113) is connected to the crude oil output end, and the other connecting flange (113) is connected to one end of the ball valve (12). The inner pipe (111) is connected between the two connecting flanges (113), and the outer pipe (112) is sleeved outside the inner pipe (111).

9. The pre-treatment mechanism for crude oil transportation according to claim 8, wherein: The flow dividing device (2) includes a flow dividing three-way (21), two flow dividing pipes (22) and two one-way valves (23). The middle of the flow dividing three-way (21) is connected to the ball valve (12). The two ends of the flow dividing three-way (21) are respectively connected to the flow dividing pipes (22). The other ends of the flow dividing pipes (22) are connected to the one-way valves (23). The outlet ends of the two one-way valves (23) are respectively connected to the bottoms of the two filter barrels (62).

10. A treatment process using the crude oil transportation pre-treatment mechanism described in claims 1-9, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Initially press down one end of the bending lever until one of the filter assemblies is in the state of crude oil filtration conduction. The guiding oil-blocking plate makes both the backwashing inlet and the backwashing outlet on the filter assembly in the closed state. Due to the action of the lifting mechanism, the other filter assembly is in the state of crude oil filtration closure, and the other guiding oil-blocking plate makes both the backwashing inlet and the backwashing outlet on the other filter assembly in the conduction state. At this time, there is no need to turn on the power source of the backwashing device; Step 2: The crude oil enters the flow dividing device through the inlet end assembly and flows into the two flow dividing pipes respectively through the flow dividing three-way. Since only one filter assembly is in the state of crude oil filtration conduction, the crude oil does not flow to the other filter assembly; Step 3: The crude oil enters the filter assembly in the conduction state for filtration. The filter element in the filter assembly in the conduction state starts to filter and adsorb the impurity components in the crude oil from bottom to top; Step 4: After a period of filtration, the filter element in the filter assembly in the conduction state has a reduced adsorption capacity and conductivity due to adsorption saturation, and then the oil pressure in the lower part of the filter cavity in the filter assembly cavity rises. The oil pressure pushes the blocked filter element upward; Step 5: According to Step 1, as the blocked filter element moves upward, it will drive the lifting mechanism connected to the blocked filter element to move upward, drive the inlet oil cage to slide into the outlet oil cage, and the outlet plug to move towards the filter cover body, thereby playing a role in sealing the oil circuit. The guiding oil-blocking plate on the lifting mechanism moves upward to make both the backwashing inlet and the backwashing outlet in the open state. At the same time, the proximal end of the bending lever rises, and the distal end of the bending lever descends and drives the other lifting mechanism to move downward until the other filter assembly is opened to the state of crude oil filtration conduction. Similarly, both the backwashing inlet and the backwashing outlet in the other filter assembly are in the closed state. At this time, turn on the power source of the backwashing device; Step Six: The backwash liquid enters through the backwash inlet of the filter assembly where the blocked filter element is located, and starts to backwash the filter element from top to bottom. The impurity components in the lower part of the filtration chamber within the cavity of this filter assembly are discharged through the backwash outlet, and the blocked filter element resumes its adsorption and filtration capacity to wait for the next filtration cycle; Step Seven: As the filter element in another filter assembly becomes blocked, according to Steps Four to Six, cyclic filtration and backwashing of the two filter assemblies are achieved.

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