Shearing method for improving titanium alloy plate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy plate shearing, in particular to a shearing method for improving a titanium alloy plate. The shearing method for lifting the titanium alloy plate comprises an upper blade and a lower blade. The upper blade moves in the Z-axis direction through driving equipment, the upper blade can move in the Y-axis direction, the angle of the upper blade is adjustable, and the angle adjusting range is 2-5 degrees. The cutting edge of the lower blade is opposite to the cutting edge of the upper blade, a gap is formed between the upper blade and the lower blade in the Y-axis direction, and the gap is 5%-15% of the plate thickness. The hardness of the upper blade and the lower blade ranges from 500 HB to 650 HB, and the tensile strength ranges from 1800 N / mm < 2 > to 2500 N / mm < 2 >. The shearing method for improving the titanium alloy plate has the advantages that the service life of a shear blade is prolonged, the angle and the gap of the shear blade are optimized, the uniformity of stress distribution in the shearing process is improved, the defects that broken edges, cracks and burrs exist on the edges of the sheared titanium alloy plate are effectively overcome, and the machining quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy sheet shearing, and in particular to a method for improving the shearing of titanium alloy sheets. Background Art

[0002] Titanium alloys have high strength, low density, good mechanical properties, good toughness and corrosion resistance. In addition, titanium alloys have poor processability, are difficult to machine by cutting, and are very prone to absorbing impurities such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon during hot working. There is also poor wear resistance and a complex production process. Due to the above excellent properties of titanium alloys, they have been widely used in fields such as ships, aerospace, and medical equipment.

[0003] However, due to the poor processability of titanium alloys and the difficulty of cutting machining, etc., it brings difficulties to the manufacture of equipment. Especially when shearing the titanium alloy sheet blank at the initial stage of processing, there are processing quality problems. Therefore, many manufacturers and research institutions conduct various research and development on titanium alloy processing. For example, the Chinese utility model patent with the publication number CN212945219U discloses a forging die for titanium alloy bowl-shaped parts, including a base. One end of the base is fixedly connected with a support frame, the upper end of the support frame is fixedly connected with a cross plate, the upper surface of the cross plate is fixedly connected with a hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates the cross plate and is fixedly connected with a forging punch, the upper surface of the base is fixedly connected with a die body, and the lower end of the forging punch is fixedly connected with a punch die. This forging die for titanium alloy bowl-shaped parts uses the punch die and the bowl-shaped groove to cooperate to work, and forges the heated titanium alloy material into a bowl-shaped structure. The first side wall, the second side wall, the third side wall, and the fourth side wall form a smooth bowl-shaped die. To a certain extent, this forging die realizes the processing of titanium alloy materials. However, due to the properties of high strength and low density of titanium alloy materials, the hardness of the materials of general processing tools is often less than the hardness of titanium alloy materials. Even if it can be processed, there are also processing quality problems. Taking the shearing of titanium alloy sheets as an example, after the titanium alloy material is formed into a sheet by rolling, it needs to be trimmed to a fixed length. The fixed-length shear uses a 3M hydraulic guillotine shearing machine, with a maximum shearing thickness of 5 mm and a maximum shearing width of 3200 mm. The strength of the sheet material to be sheared is ≤450 N / mm². There are 3 cutting edges on each of the upper and lower sides, and the material of the cutting edge is H13 with a hardness of 215 HB. The hardness of the cutting edge also has an important impact on the requirements for the edge trimming of the sheet. The titanium alloy spherical head plate has a high requirement for the flatness grade of the sheet edge. The existing cutting edges of the shearing machine, due to the higher hardness of the sheared titanium alloy than the cutting edge, increase the gap between the upper and lower knives and increase the wear of the contact surface of the cutting edge. Now the cutting edges on the shearing machine can no longer meet the long-term shearing and use of alloy plates, resulting in defects such as broken edges, cracks, and burrs on the edges of the sheared titanium alloy plates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a shearing method for improving titanium alloy sheets, which solves the problems of broken edges, cracks, burrs, etc. on the edges of titanium alloy sheets after shearing by enhancing the strength and hardness of the shearing blades and increasing the service life of the shearing blades.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a shearing method for improving titanium alloy sheets. The titanium alloy sheets are sheared by a titanium alloy sheet shearing device, and the shearing device includes:

[0006] An upper blade that moves in the Z-axis direction through a driving device. The upper blade can move in the Y-axis direction, and moreover, the angle of the upper blade is adjustable, and the angle adjustment range is 2° - 5°;

[0007] A lower blade, the cutting edge of the lower blade is arranged opposite to the cutting edge of the upper blade, and moreover, there is a gap between the upper blade and the lower blade in the Y-axis direction, and the gap is 5% - 15% of the plate thickness;

[0008] The hardness of the upper blade and the lower blade is 500HB - 650HB, and the tensile strength is 1800N / mm 2 - 2500N / mm 2 .

[0009] Furthermore, the shearing method includes:

[0010] S100. Select the upper blade and the lower blade. The upper blade and the lower blade are made of H13 die steel. The surface of the upper blade and the lower blade is treated to improve the material hardness and tensile strength. The treated upper blade is installed on the upper tool holder of the shearing device, and the treated lower blade is installed on the lower tool holder of the shearing device;

[0011] S200. Start the device, move the upper tool holder to the initial position, adjust the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade according to the plate thickness, adjust the angle of the upper blade relative to the lower blade, and place the titanium alloy sheet on the workbench;

[0012] S300. Shear along the length direction of the titanium alloy sheet, and use the sheared shear surface as the reference surface;

[0013] S400. Based on the reference surface, perform cutting on one side parallel to the reference surface and two sides perpendicular to the reference surface according to process requirements;

[0014] S500. Drive the upper tool holder to the initial position, and transport the sheared titanium alloy sheet to the finished product area.

[0015] Furthermore, the surface treatment of the upper blade and the lower blade adopts the method of coating.

[0016] Furthermore, the coating material is titanium carbonitride.

[0017] Furthermore, the hardness of the upper blade and the lower blade after surface treatment reaches 580 HB, and the tensile strength reaches 2030 N / mm 2 .

[0018] Furthermore, for a titanium alloy sheet with a tensile strength of 270 - 480 N / mm 2 , and a hardness of 90 - 150 HB, the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade is 8% - 10% of the sheet thickness;

[0019] For a titanium alloy sheet with a tensile strength of 1290 - 1350 N / mm 2 , and a hardness of 380 - 420 HB, the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade is 10% - 12% of the sheet thickness.

[0020] Furthermore, the uniformity of the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade is determined according to the sheet thickness, and the determination method includes:

[0021] When the sheet thickness ≤ 2.5 mm, the tolerance is 0.01 - 0.03 over the full length;

[0022] When 2.5 mm < sheet thickness ≤ 5 mm, the tolerance is 0.03 - 0.04 over the full length;

[0023] When the sheet thickness > 5 mm, the tolerance is 0.04 - 0.06 over the full length.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S200, after adjusting the angle of the upper blade relative to the lower blade, drive the upper tool holder to move. After an idle run of a single shear with the lower blade, place the titanium alloy sheet on the workbench and perform formal cutting.

[0025] Furthermore, during the shearing process, the parallelism formed by the surface of the upper blade opposite to the lower blade relative to the upper tool holder is:

[0026] When the sheet thickness ≤ 10 mm, the parallelism is 0.15 - 0.25;

[0027] When the sheet thickness > 10 mm, the parallelism is 0.20 - 0.30.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S500, after the titanium alloy sheet is sheared, before being transported to the finished product area, deburr, chamfer or round the shearing surface.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the method for improving the shearing of titanium alloy sheets according to the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] The advantages of this technical solution are as follows: by enhancing the strength, hardness, and high wear resistance of the shearing blade, the service life of the shearing blade is increased, and the blade angle and clearance are optimized, improving the uniformity of the stress distribution during the shearing process, effectively avoiding defects such as broken edges, cracks, and burrs on the edges of the titanium alloy plate after shearing, and improving the processing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the reduction adjustment of the upper blade and the lower blade of the shearing device of the present invention.

[0032] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0033] 1 - upper blade, 2 - lower blade, δ - clearance amount. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] In order to make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the present invention, the descriptions involving "first", "second", "upper", "lower", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", "upper", "lower" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement them. When the technical solutions between the embodiments can be combined, they are all within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, a method for improving the shearing of titanium alloy plates, in which the titanium alloy plates are sheared by a titanium alloy plate shearing device, and the shearing device includes: an upper blade and a lower blade. The upper blade moves in the Z-axis direction through a driving device, the upper blade can move in the Y-axis direction, and moreover, the angle of the upper blade is adjustable, and the angle adjustment range is 2° - 5°. The cutting edge of the lower blade is arranged opposite to the cutting edge of the upper blade, and moreover, there is a clearance between the upper blade and the lower blade in the Y-axis direction, and the clearance is 5% - 15% of the plate thickness. The hardness of the upper blade and the lower blade is 500HB - 650HB, and the tensile strength is 1800N / mm 2 -2500N / mm 2 .

[0038] By enhancing the strength, hardness, and high wear resistance of the shearing blades, the service life of the shearing blades is increased, and the blade angle and clearance are optimized, improving the uniformity of stress distribution during the shearing process, effectively avoiding defects such as broken edges, cracks, and burrs on the edges of titanium alloy plates after shearing, and improving the processing quality.

[0039] Further, the shearing method includes:

[0040] S100. Select the upper blade and the lower blade. The upper blade and the lower blade are made of H13 die steel. The upper blade and the lower blade are surface-treated by coating to improve the material hardness and tensile strength, and the coating material is titanium carbonitride. The hardness of the treated upper blade and lower blade reaches 580 HB, and the tensile strength reaches 2030 N / mm 2 . Install the treated upper blade on the upper tool holder of the shearing equipment, and install the treated lower blade on the lower tool holder of the shearing equipment;

[0041] The selection of tool material is the key to improving hardness. It is necessary to ensure that the hardness of the selected material is higher than that of the workpiece to be processed. Selecting H13 die steel has good hardness, wear resistance, and toughness. The hardness of the tool surface is enhanced through coating technology. The TiCN (titanium carbonitride) coating can improve the wear resistance of the tool and help prevent the occurrence of chipping. By improving the tool, the hardness is increased from 215 HB to 580 HB, and the tensile strength Rm is increased from 720 N / mm² to 2030 N / mm².

[0042] According to the strength and hardness data of the existing tool shearing blades, the calculation is shown in Tables 1 and 2 as follows:

[0043] Table 1

[0044] Sheared material Hardness of the sheared sheet metal Original tool strength Original tool hardness TA1 / TA2 / TA3 95 - 215 HB 720 N / mm² 215HB

[0045] Table 2

[0046] Sheared material Hardness of the sheared sheet metal New tool strength New tool hardness TA1 / TA2 / TA3 / TA5 / Ti70 / TA15 / TC4 / T803 / T601 95 - 399 HB 2030N / mm² 580HB

[0047] S200. Start the equipment, move the upper tool holder to the initial position, and adjust the clearance between the upper blade and the lower blade according to the thickness of the plate. For titanium alloy plates with a tensile strength of 270 - 480 N / mm 2 , and a hardness of 90 - 150 HB, the clearance between the upper blade and the lower blade is 8% - 10% of the plate thickness. For titanium alloy plates with a tensile strength of 1290 - 1350 N / mm 2, a titanium alloy sheet with a hardness of 380 - 420 HB, and the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade is 10% - 12% of the plate thickness. The uniformity of the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade is determined according to the plate thickness. The determination method includes: when the plate thickness ≤ 2.5 mm, the tolerance is 0.01 - 0.03 over the full length. When 2.5 mm < plate thickness ≤ 5 mm, the tolerance is 0.03 - 0.04 over the full length. When the plate thickness > 5 mm, the tolerance is 0.04 - 0.06 over the full length. Adjust the angle of the upper blade relative to the lower blade. After adjusting the angle of the upper blade relative to the lower blade, drive the upper tool holder to move. After at least one dry run of shearing with the lower blade, place the titanium alloy sheet on the workbench for formal cutting. Place the titanium alloy sheet on the workbench;

[0048] To obtain a high-quality shearing cross-section, it is necessary to select a reasonable blade gap according to the material to be sheared, and the blade gap can be adjusted through the quick adjustment mechanism provided on the shearing machine.

[0049] By adjusting the oil volume in the upper cavity of the oil cylinder, the shearing angle can be changed. Generally, the shearing angle is 3.5°. The shearing angle can be determined according to the plate thickness and material, and the minimum shearing plate width should be greater than 20 times the plate thickness.

[0050] S300. Shear along the length direction of the titanium alloy sheet, and use the sheared cross-section as the reference surface;

[0051] S400. Based on the reference surface, perform cutting on one side parallel to the reference surface and two sides perpendicular to the reference surface according to the process requirements;

[0052] During the shearing process, the parallelism formed by the surface of the upper blade opposite to the lower blade relative to the upper tool holder is:

[0053] When the plate thickness ≤ 10 mm, the parallelism is 0.15 - 0.25. When the plate thickness > 10 mm, the parallelism is 0.20 - 0.30.

[0054] S500. Drive the upper tool holder to the initial position, and transport the sheared titanium alloy sheet to the finished product area.

[0055] After the titanium alloy sheet is sheared, before transporting it to the finished product area, deburr, chamfer or round the shearing surface.

[0056] The following uses specific embodiments to illustrate the shearing method of the present invention.

[0057] Embodiment 1

[0058] Shear a 4-mm-thick TA1 material titanium alloy sheet with a tensile strength of 320 N / mm² and a hardness of 95 HB.

[0059] Shearing method:

[0060] S100. Select the upper blade and the lower blade. The upper blade and the lower blade are made of H13 die steel. The surface treatment method of coating is used for the upper blade and the lower blade to improve the material hardness and tensile strength. The coating material is titanium carbonitride. The hardness of the treated upper blade and lower blade reaches 580HB, and the tensile strength reaches 2030N / mm 2 . Install the treated upper blade on the upper tool holder of the shearing equipment, and install the treated lower blade on the lower tool holder of the shearing equipment;

[0061] S200. Start the equipment, move the upper tool holder to the initial position, and adjust the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade according to the thickness of the sheet. The gap between the upper blade and the lower blade is 8%-10% of the sheet thickness, that is, 0.32mm - 0.4mm. The uniformity of the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade allows a tolerance of 0.03 - 0.04 over the full length. Adjust the angle of the upper blade relative to the lower blade to 3.5°. After adjusting the angle of the upper blade relative to the lower blade, drive the upper tool holder to move. After at least one dry run of shearing with the lower blade, place the titanium alloy sheet on the workbench for formal cutting. Place the titanium alloy sheet on the workbench;

[0062] S300. Cut along the length direction of the titanium alloy sheet, and use the sheared shear surface as the reference surface;

[0063] S400. Based on the reference surface, perform cutting on one side parallel to the reference surface and two sides perpendicular to the reference surface according to the process requirements;

[0064] During the shearing process, the parallelism formed by the surface of the upper blade opposite to the lower blade relative to the upper tool holder is 0.2.

[0065] S500. Drive the upper tool holder to the initial position, deburr the processed surface, or chamfer or round the edges, and transport the sheared titanium alloy sheet to the finished product area.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] Shear a 4mm thick TA1 titanium alloy sheet with a tensile strength of 1290 N / mm² and a hardness of 380HB.

[0068] Shearing method:

[0069] S100. Select the upper blade and the lower blade. The upper blade and the lower blade are made of H13 die steel. The surface treatment method of coating is used for the upper blade and the lower blade to improve the material hardness and tensile strength. The coating material is titanium carbonitride. The hardness of the treated upper blade and lower blade reaches 580HB, and the tensile strength reaches 2030N / mm 2Install the processed upper blade onto the upper tool holder of the shearing device, and install the processed lower blade onto the lower tool holder of the shearing device;

[0070] S200. Start the device, move the upper tool holder to the initial position, and adjust the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade according to the thickness of the sheet. The gap between the upper blade and the lower blade is 10%-12% of the sheet thickness, that is, 0.4 mm - 0.48 mm. The uniformity of the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade allows a tolerance of 0.03 - 0.04 over the entire length. Adjust the angle of the upper blade relative to the lower blade to 3.5°. After adjusting the angle of the upper blade relative to the lower blade, drive the upper tool holder to move. After at least one dry run of shearing with the lower blade, place the titanium alloy sheet on the workbench for formal cutting. Place the titanium alloy sheet on the workbench;

[0071] S300. Shear along the length direction of the titanium alloy sheet, and use the sheared surface as the reference surface;

[0072] S400. Based on the reference surface, perform cutting on one side parallel to the reference surface and two sides perpendicular to the reference surface according to the process requirements;

[0073] During the shearing process, the parallelism formed by the surface of the upper blade opposite to the lower blade relative to the upper tool holder is 0.2.

[0074] S500. Drive the upper tool holder to the initial position, deburr the processed surface, or round or chamfer it, and transport the sheared titanium alloy sheet to the finished product area.

[0075] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A shearing method for lifting a titanium alloy sheet, characterized in that: The titanium alloy sheet is sheared by a titanium alloy sheet shearing device, the shearing device comprising: The upper blade is moved in the Z-axis direction by a driving device, the upper blade can be moved in the Y-axis direction, and the angle of the upper blade is adjustable within a range of 2°-5°; A lower blade, wherein the blade edge of the lower blade is arranged opposite to the blade edge of the upper blade, and a gap is formed between the upper blade and the lower blade in the Y-axis direction, and the gap is 5%-15% of the plate thickness; The hardness of the upper blade and the lower blade is 500HB-650HB, and the tensile strength is 1800N / mm 2 -2500N / mm 2 .

2. The shearing method for lifting titanium alloy sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: S100, select an upper blade and a lower blade, the upper blade and the lower blade are made of H13 mold steel, the upper blade and the lower blade are subjected to surface treatment to improve the material hardness and tensile strength, the treated upper blade is installed on the upper blade holder of the shearing device, and the treated lower blade is installed on the lower blade holder of the shearing device; S200, start the equipment, move the upper tool holder to the initial position, adjust the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade according to the thickness of the plate, adjust the angle of the upper blade relative to the lower blade, and place the titanium alloy plate on the workbench; S300, shearing the titanium alloy plate along the length direction, and taking the sheared surface as the reference surface; S400, taking the reference plane as a reference, cutting the side parallel to the reference plane and the two sides perpendicular to the reference plane according to the process requirements; S500, drive the upper tool holder to the initial position and move the sheared titanium alloy plate to the finished product area.

3. The shearing method for lifting titanium alloy sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper blade and the lower blade are surface treated by coating.

4. The shearing method for lifting titanium alloy sheet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coating material is titanium carbonitride.

5. The shearing method for lifting titanium alloy sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hardness of the upper and lower blades after surface treatment reaches 580HB, and the tensile strength reaches 2030N / mm 2 .

6. The shearing method for lifting titanium alloy sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: For tensile strength of 270-480N / mm 2 , a titanium alloy plate with a hardness of 90-150HB, the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade is 8%-10% of the plate thickness; For tensile strength of 1290-1350N / mm 2 , the titanium alloy plate with a hardness of 380-420HB, the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade is 10%-12% of the plate thickness.

7. The shearing method for lifting titanium alloy sheet according to claim 6, characterized in that: The uniformity of the gap between the upper blade and the lower blade is determined according to the thickness of the plate, and the determination method includes: For plate thickness ≤2.5mm, the tolerance is 0.01-0.03 in the whole length; for plate thickness 2.5mm<plate thickness ≤5mm, the tolerance is 0.03-0.04 in the whole length; for plate thickness>5mm, the tolerance is 0.04-0.06 in the whole length.

8. The shearing method for lifting titanium alloy sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S200, after adjusting the angle of the upper blade relative to the lower blade, the upper tool holder is driven to move, and after completing an idle run of shearing with the lower blade, the titanium alloy plate is placed on the workbench for formal cutting.

9. The shearing method for lifting titanium alloy sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: During the shearing process, the parallelism formed by the surface of the upper blade opposite to the lower blade relative to the upper blade holder is: Plate thickness ≤10mm, parallelism 0.15-0.25; Plate thickness>10mm, parallelism is 0.20-0.

30.

10. The shearing method for lifting titanium alloy sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S500, after the titanium alloy plate is sheared, the sheared surface is deburred, chamfered or rounded before being transported to the finished product.

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