Electric indexing mechanism, milling device and using method of milling device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of indexing milling, in particular to an electric indexing mechanism, a milling device and a using method of the electric indexing mechanism, the electric indexing mechanism comprises an upper seat body, a rotating component, an electric driving assembly, a lower seat body, a first locking assembly, a second locking assembly and a one-way locking assembly, and the milling device adopts the electric indexing mechanism. The device further comprises a vertical shaft, a transverse shaft and a disc milling cutter. According to the using method, the milling device is used in cooperation with a vertical milling machine to mill the inner side face of a workpiece to be machined. By means of the electric indexing mechanism, only one power source of the electric driving assembly is needed, active indexing in the milling process can be achieved, automatic locking is achieved after indexing is completed, the indexing precision can be guaranteed, and the auxiliary operation time is shortened; and the power of the vertical milling machine is transmitted to the horizontal disc milling cutter, the side milling mode of the cutter is converted into the end milling mode, large feeding speed, large cutting depth and large cutting width can be adopted during milling, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of indexing milling, and in particular to an electric indexing mechanism, a milling device and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] At present, one or more regular polygon-shaped inner cavities are provided in many molds for forming the outer shape of a formed product or installing a mold core, such as the mold frame of a wall and floor tile blank pressing mold, the mold cavity of a drum brake pad hot pressing mold, the mold core fixing plate of an injection mold, the female die of a blanking die, etc. The characteristic is that the side surface of the inner cavity is a plane. During processing, a vertical milling machine is usually used to mill the side surface of the inner cavity. Since the inner cavity has multiple side surfaces, during milling, the mold needs to be disassembled and assembled on the workbench of the milling machine multiple times, which is time-consuming and laborious.

[0003] To solve this problem, the patent with the application number CN201720574423.3 discloses a vertical-horizontal conversion four-indexing milling device, which is installed on the spindle end cover of a vertical milling machine. The spindle of the vertical milling machine drives a face milling cutter to rotate, so as to mill the side surface of the inner cavity of the mold. Moreover, this device can also be indexed manually by a worker, so that after milling one inner side surface, the milling device can be indexed manually so that the face milling cutter can mill another inner side surface, so that the multiple inner side surfaces of the inner cavity of the mold can be milled without disassembling and assembling the mold on the workbench of the milling machine.

[0004] However, the described device needs to rely on manual indexing, the operation is relatively cumbersome, the auxiliary time is long, and the labor intensity of the worker is also relatively large. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an electric indexing mechanism, including:

[0006] An upper seat body;

[0007] A rotating member rotatably installed in the upper seat body, and the rotating member is provided with a threaded through hole;

[0008] An electric drive assembly installed on the upper seat body, and the electric drive assembly is used to drive the rotating member to rotate along a first direction or a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite;

[0009] A lower seat body, with a cylinder provided on the upper part, and the cylinder is screwed into the threaded through hole;

[0010] The first locking component is arranged between the cylinder and the rotating member. The first locking component locks when the cylinder moves down to the lowest point relative to the rotating member and unlocks when the cylinder moves up from the lowest point relative to the rotating member. When the first locking component locks, the cylinder is locked to the rotating member;

[0011] The second locking component is arranged between the lower seat body and the upper seat body. The second locking component locks when the lower seat body moves up to the highest point relative to the upper seat body and gradually unlocks when the lower seat body moves down from the highest point relative to the rotating member. When the second locking component locks, the lower seat body is locked to the upper seat body;

[0012] The one-way locking component is arranged between the lower seat body and the upper seat body. The one-way locking component unlocks when the lower seat body rotates relative to the upper seat body in the first direction and locks when the lower seat body rotates relative to the upper seat body in the second direction. When the one-way locking component locks, the lower seat body is locked to the upper seat body.

[0013] Furthermore, to better implement the present invention, the rotating member includes a circular seat body and a retaining ring. The threaded through hole is opened at the center position of the circular seat body and penetrates through the upper and lower ends of the circular seat body. The retaining ring is bolted and fixed at the bottom end of the circular seat body. The cylinder passes through the inner hole of the retaining ring and is screwed to the threaded through hole. A locking hole is opened on the inner hole wall of the retaining ring;

[0014] The first locking component includes a first compression spring and a locking ball. An installation hole is opened on the circumferential outer side wall of the cylinder. The first compression spring is installed in the installation hole. The locking ball is slidably installed in the installation hole and is pressed against the inner hole wall of the retaining ring by the first compression spring;

[0015] When the cylinder moves down to the lowest point relative to the rotating member, a partial area of the locking ball enters the locking hole so that the cylinder is locked to the rotating member;

[0016] When the cylinder moves up from the lowest point relative to the rotating member, the locking ball slides out of the locking hole to unlock the first locking component.

[0017] Furthermore, to better implement the present invention, the upper seat body includes a shell-shaped seat body with openings at both upper and lower ends and a circular ring-shaped cover plate bolted and fixed at the opening at the bottom end of the shell-shaped seat body. An installation cavity is formed between the circular ring-shaped cover plate and the shell-shaped seat body. The circular seat body is rotatably placed in the installation cavity and lapped on the top surface of the circular ring-shaped cover plate. The retaining ring is placed in the inner ring hole of the circular ring-shaped cover plate;

[0018] A flank plate is provided in the middle of the lower seat body;

[0019] The second locking assembly includes a fixed gear ring and a moving gear ring. The fixed gear ring is provided on the bottom surface of the circular cover plate, the moving gear ring is provided on the top surface of the flank plate, and the moving gear ring surrounds the cylinder;

[0020] When the cylinder drives the lower seat body to move upward relative to the upper seat body to the highest point, the moving gear ring is completely engaged with the fixed gear ring, so that the lower seat body is locked to the upper seat body;

[0021] When the cylinder drives the lower seat body to move downward from the highest point, the moving gear ring and the fixed gear ring are gradually disengaged, so that the second locking assembly is gradually unlocked.

[0022] Further, to better implement the present invention, a plurality of locking grooves are provided on the bottom surface of the circular cover plate. The plurality of locking grooves are circumferentially and arrayed around the central axis of the circular cover plate, and the depth of the locking groove gradually decreases along the first direction;

[0023] The one-way locking assembly includes an installation cylinder, a second compression spring and a locking rod. The installation cylinder is fixedly installed on the flank plate and the cylinder opening faces upward. The second compression spring is installed in the installation cylinder. The locking rod is slidably inserted into the installation cylinder and is pressed against the bottom surface of the circular cover plate by the second compression spring. The position of the locking rod corresponds to that of the locking groove;

[0024] When the lower seat body rotates relative to the upper seat body along the first direction, the locking rod rotates relative to the circular cover plate along the first direction. And when the locking rod rotates to slide into the locking groove, the locking rod rotating along the first direction slides from the deep groove side to the shallow groove side of the locking groove, so that the one-way locking assembly is unlocked when the lower seat body rotates relative to the upper seat body along the first direction;

[0025] When the lower seat body rotates relative to the upper seat body along the second direction, the locking rod rotates relative to the circular cover plate along the second direction. And when the locking rod is placed in the locking groove, the groove wall on the deep groove side of the locking groove blocks the locking rod rotating along the second direction, so that the one-way locking assembly is locked when the lower seat body rotates relative to the upper seat body along the second direction.

[0026] Further, to better implement the present invention, a plurality of hemispherical concave holes are provided on the top surface of the circular cover plate. The plurality of hemispherical concave holes are circumferentially and arrayed around the central axis of the circular cover plate, and a ball is installed in each hemispherical concave hole;

[0027] A circular ring groove is provided at the bottom end of the circular seat body, and the plurality of balls are all placed in the circular ring groove in a rolling manner.

[0028] Further, to better implement the present invention, the rotating member is a turbine;

[0029] The electric drive assembly includes a motor, a worm, and a coupling sleeve. The worm is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor through the coupling sleeve. An installation seat is further provided on the outer wall of the upper seat body. The motor, the worm, and the coupling sleeve are all installed on the installation seat, and the worm meshes with the turbine.

[0030] Further, to better implement the present invention, a rotation angle measurement assembly is also installed between the upper seat body and the lower seat body. The rotation angle measurement assembly is used to measure the angle of rotation of the lower seat body relative to the upper seat body, and both the rotation angle measurement assembly and the electric drive assembly are electrically connected to a controller, so as to use the controller to control the operating state of the electric drive assembly according to the measurement result of the rotation angle measurement assembly.

[0031] Further, to better implement the present invention, the rotation angle measurement assembly includes a magnetic steel and a plurality of Hall elements. The plurality of Hall elements are installed on the bottom surface of the upper seat body, the magnetic steel is installed on the top surface of the lower seat body, and the magnetic steel corresponds to the position of the Hall elements. The Hall elements are electrically connected to the controller.

[0032] The milling device provided by the present invention includes:

[0033] The electric indexing mechanism, the upper seat body of the electric indexing mechanism is used to be connected to the spindle end cover of a vertical milling machine. The lower seat body of the electric indexing mechanism is provided with a vertically communicating through hole and a horizontally communicating through hole. The vertically communicating through hole penetrates the bottom surface of the lower seat body and the top surface of the cylinder, and the horizontally communicating through hole penetrates the lower side wall of the lower seat body;

[0034] A vertical shaft, rotatably installed in the vertically communicating through hole through a first bearing. A chuck is installed at the top end of the vertical shaft. The chuck is used to be connected to the spindle of the vertical milling machine, and a driving gear is provided at the bottom end of the vertical shaft;

[0035] A horizontal shaft, rotatably installed in the horizontally communicating through hole through a second bearing. A driven gear is provided on the horizontal shaft, and the driven gear meshes with the driving gear;

[0036] A face milling cutter, installed at one end of the horizontal shaft, and the face milling cutter is located outside the lower seat body.

[0037] The usage method of the milling device provided by the present invention includes:

[0038] Step 1: Mount the upper seat body on the spindle end cover of the vertical milling machine, such that the chuck is clamped and fitted with the spindle of the vertical milling machine, and ensure that the horizontal axis is parallel to the X-axis or Y-axis of the worktable of the vertical milling machine;

[0039] Step 2: Mount the workpiece to be machined overhead on the worktable of the vertical milling machine. The workpiece to be machined has a plurality of adjacent inner sides, such that the face milling cutter is opposite to one inner side of the workpiece to be machined;

[0040] Step 3: Start the vertical milling machine, and drive the face milling cutter to rotate and mill one inner side of the workpiece to be machined through the chuck, the vertical spindle and the horizontal axis;

[0041] Step 4: After milling one inner side of the workpiece to be machined is completed, turn off the vertical milling machine and turn on the electric drive assembly, thereby starting indexing. The indexing method includes:

[0042] Initial state: The first locking assembly is unlocked to disengage the cylinder from the rotating member, and the second locking assembly is locked to lock the lower seat body and the upper seat body together;

[0043] Unlocking stage: The electric drive assembly drives the rotating member to rotate in the first direction, so that the cylinder and the lower seat body move downward. When the cylinder and the lower seat body move downward to the lowest point, the first locking assembly is locked to lock the cylinder and the rotating member together, and at the same time the second locking assembly is unlocked to disengage the lower seat body from the upper seat body;

[0044] Indexing stage: The electric drive assembly drives the rotating member to continue rotating in the first direction, and the lower seat body and the face milling cutter are indexed in the first direction driven by the rotating member;

[0045] Locking stage: When the lower seat body and the face milling cutter are indexed to a preset angle, the electric drive assembly drives the rotating member to rotate in the second direction. The lower seat body is locked to the upper seat body by the one-way locking assembly and cannot rotate in the second direction. The rotating member rotating in the second direction drives the cylinder to drive the lower seat body to move upward, so that the first locking assembly is unlocked. When the cylinder and the lower seat body move upward to the highest point, the second locking assembly is locked again;

[0046] Step 5: After indexing is in place, the face milling cutter faces another inner side of the workpiece to be machined. Then turn off the electric drive assembly and turn on the vertical milling machine again, and use the face milling cutter to mill another inner side of the workpiece to be machined;

[0047] Step 6: Repeat Step 4 and Step 5 until all inner sides of the workpiece to be machined are milled.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in that the electric indexing mechanism can complete the indexing action by only using one electric drive component, and accurate positioning is carried out through the moving tooth disc and the fixed tooth disc on the second locking component, and automatic locking can be achieved after indexing is completed, ensuring the indexing accuracy and the stability of the milling device. The structure of the whole mechanism is ingenious, compact and simple, and the use cost and production cost are both lower; the milling device using this electric indexing mechanism can complete automatic indexing during the milling process, without manual indexing by the staff, thus reducing the labor volume and work intensity of the staff, and moreover, after one clamping, the end milling method with large cutting amount can be used to mill the multiple inner sides of the workpiece to be processed, thereby reducing the auxiliary time and improving the processing efficiency. During the milling process, because the electric indexing mechanism can achieve automatic locking, the milling accuracy is ensured. Description of the Drawings

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the milling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the milling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention when the lower seat body moves to the highest point (locking - processing state);

[0051] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of area A in

[0052] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 a partial enlarged view of area B in

[0053] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the milling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention when the lower seat body moves to the lowest point (unlocking - indexing state);

[0054] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 a partial enlarged view of area C in

[0055] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 a partial enlarged view of area D in

[0056] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the circular cover plate in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 9 It is Figure 8 another perspective view of the circular cover plate shown in

[0058] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the circular seat body in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 11 It is Figure 10Another perspective view of the circular seat shown;

[0060] Figure 12 Structural schematic diagram of the stop ring in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 13 Structural schematic diagram (viewed from bottom to top) of the installation of the rotating member and the electric drive assembly on the upper seat body in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 14 is Figure 13 Partial cross-sectional view after flipping the structure shown;

[0063] Figure 15 Half-sectional view of the lower seat body in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 16 Structural schematic diagram of the installation of the moving gear ring and the one-way locking assembly on the lower seat body in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 17 Cooperating schematic diagram of the one-way locking assembly and the locking groove in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 18 Structural schematic diagram when the milling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is installed on the spindle of a vertical milling machine and is used for milling the inner side of a workpiece to be machined.

[0067] Reference numerals:

[0068] 100 - Upper seat body, 110 - Shell-shaped seat body, 120 - Circular cover plate, 121 - Locking groove, 122 - Hemispherical concave hole;

[0069] 200 - Rotating member, 210 - Circular seat body, 211 - Threaded through hole, 212 - Circular ring groove, 220 - Stop ring, 221 - Locking hole, 230 - Ball;

[0070] 300 - Electric drive assembly, 310 - Electric motor, 320 - Worm, 330 - Coupling sleeve;

[0071] 400 - Lower seat body, 410 - Cylinder, 411 - Mounting hole, 420 - Flanking plate, 421 - Circular plate body, 430 - Square column, 440 - Sleeve, 450 - End cap;

[0072] 500 - First locking assembly, 510 - First compression spring, 520 - Locking ball;

[0073] 600 - Second locking assembly, 610 - Fixed gear ring, 620 - Moving gear ring;

[0074] 700 - One-way locking assembly, 710 - Mounting cylinder, 720 - Second compression spring, 730 - Locking rod;

[0075] 800 - vertical shaft, 810 - chuck, 811 - keyway, 820 - driving gear;

[0076] 900 - horizontal shaft, 910 - driven gear, 920 - face milling cutter;

[0077] 1000 - milling machine;

[0078] 1100 - workpiece to be machined. Detailed implementation mode

[0079] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0080] Embodiment 1:

[0081] Refer to Figures 1 - 16 As shown, the electric indexing mechanism provided in this embodiment includes an upper seat body 100, a rotating member 200, an electric drive assembly 300, a lower seat body 400, a first locking assembly 500, a second locking assembly 600, and a one-way locking assembly 700, wherein:

[0082] The upper seat body 100 is fixedly installed on an external object. For example, when the electric indexing mechanism is used in a milling device, the upper seat body 100 is fixedly installed on the spindle end cover of a vertical milling machine 1000.

[0083] The rotating member 200 is rotatably installed in the upper seat body 100. The rotating member 200 can rotate around its axis in the installation cavity of the upper seat body 100. A threaded through hole 211 is provided in the rotating member. The axis of the rotating member 200 is the central axis of the threaded through hole 211, and the threaded through hole 211 penetrates through the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating member 200.

[0084] A cylinder 410 is provided on the upper part of the lower seat body 400. The cylinder 410 is screwed into the threaded through hole 211. It should be noted that the cylinder 410 penetrates through the upper seat body 100 from below and is screwed into the threaded through hole 211, and the main body part of the lower seat body 400 is stacked below the upper seat body 100.

[0085] The first locking component 500 is arranged between the cylinder 410 and the rotating member 200, that is, the first locking component 500 is arranged between the lower seat body 400 and the upper seat body 100. The first locking component 500 locks when the cylinder 410 moves down to the lowest point relative to the rotating member 200, and the first locking component 500 unlocks when the cylinder 410 moves up from the lowest point relative to the rotating member 200. When the first locking component 500 locks, the cylinder 410 is locked to the rotating member 200, so that the lower seat body 400 is locked to the upper seat body 100. Of course, when the first locking component 500 unlocks, the cylinder 410 is not locked to the rotating member 200. It should be noted that since the cylinder 410 is screwed into the threaded through hole 211 of the rotating member 200, the cylinder 410 and the threaded through hole 211 form a lead screw nut pair, and the rotating member 200 can be driven to rotate by the electric drive assembly 300. When the rotating member 200 rotates, if the cylinder 410 / the lower seat body 400 cannot rotate with it, then the cylinder 410 and the lower seat body 400 will move up or down relative to the rotating member 200.

[0086] The second locking component 600 is arranged between the lower seat body 400 and the upper seat body 100. The second locking component 600 locks when the lower seat body 400 moves up to the highest point relative to the upper seat body 100, and the second locking component 600 gradually unlocks when the lower seat body 400 moves down from the highest point relative to the rotating member 200. When the second locking component 600 locks, the lower seat body 400 is locked to the upper seat body 100. Of course, when the second locking component 600 unlocks, the lower seat body 400 is not locked to the upper seat body 100.

[0087] The one-way locking component 700 is also arranged between the lower seat body 400 and the upper seat body 100. The one-way locking component 700 unlocks when the lower seat body 400 rotates relative to the upper seat body 100 in the first direction, and the one-way locking component 700 locks when the lower seat body 400 rotates relative to the upper seat body 100 in the second direction. When the one-way locking component 700 locks, the lower seat body 400 is locked to the upper seat body 100. Of course, when the one-way locking component 700 unlocks, the lower seat body 400 is not locked to the upper seat body 100.

[0088] With the above structure, the electric indexing mechanism can realize automatic indexing without manual intervention during indexing. Specifically, in the initial state, the first locking component 500 unlocks so that the cylinder 410 is separated from the rotating member 200. In this case, the lower seat body 400 is at the highest point position, and the second locking component 600 locks so that the lower seat body 400 is locked to the upper seat body 100, that is, the cylinder 410 cannot rotate with the rotating member 200.

[0089] Subsequently, the electric drive assembly 300 is used to drive the rotating member 200 to rotate in the first direction. Since the lower seat body 400 is locked to the upper seat body 100, the cylinder 410 separated from the rotating member 200 cannot rotate together with the rotating member 200. Therefore, when the rotating member 200 starts to rotate in the first direction, due to the screwing action between the cylinder 410 and the threaded through hole 211, the cylinder 410 will drive the lower seat body 400 to move downward from the highest point. The downward moving lower seat body 400 will gradually unlock the second locking assembly 600. It should be noted that when the rotating member 200 just starts to rotate in the first direction, the second locking assembly 600 is not immediately completely unlocked, but gradually unlocked, so as to ensure that the cylinder 410 will not rotate in the same direction and at the same speed as the rotating member 200, and further ensure that the rotating member 200 rotating in the first direction can also drive the cylinder 410 to drive the lower seat body 400 to continue to move downward during the gradual unlocking of the second locking assembly until the lower seat body 400 moves to the lowest point. When the lower seat body 400 moves to the lowest point, the second locking assembly 600 is completely unlocked, and the first locking assembly 500 is just locked. At this time, because the second locking assembly 600 is completely unlocked, the lower seat body 400 is completely separated from the upper seat body 100. Therefore, under the action of the one-way locking assembly 700, the lower seat body 400 can rotate relative to the upper seat body 100 in the first direction, and the locked first locking assembly 500 makes the cylinder 410 and the rotating member 200 connected as a whole. When the electric drive assembly 300 continues to drive the rotating member 200 to rotate in the first direction, since the cylinder 410 and the rotating member 200 are connected as a whole and the lower seat body 400 has been separated from the upper seat body 100, the rotating member 200 that continues to rotate in the first direction will drive the cylinder 410 to rotate in the first direction. Since the cylinder 410 is a part of the lower seat body 400, this will cause the lower seat body 400 to rotate in the first direction, so that the lower seat body 400 is indexed in the first direction.

[0090] When the indexing angle of the lower seat body 400 along the first direction reaches the preset angle, that is, when the rotation angle of the lower seat body 400 along the first direction reaches the preset angle, the electric drive assembly 300 is controlled to drive the rotating member 200 to rotate along the second direction, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction, that is, the rotating member 200 rotates in the reverse direction after the indexing of the lower seat body 400 is in place. At this time, since the first locking assembly 500 is still in the locked state and the second locking assembly 600 is in the unlocked state, the rotating member 200 rotating along the second direction will cause the cylinder 410 and the lower seat body 400 to also have a tendency to rotate along the second direction. However, the function of the one-way locking assembly 700 makes the lower seat body 400 unable to rotate relative to the upper seat body 100 along the second direction. Therefore, when the rotating member 200 rotates along the second direction, the cylinder 410 and the lower seat body 400 will not rotate along the second direction accordingly. So, in this case, the cylinder 410 screwed in the threaded through hole 211 will move upward from the lowest point, thereby forcing the first locking assembly 500 to be unlocked, that is, separating the cylinder 410 and the rotating member 200. In this way, the rotating member 200 rotating along the second direction will more easily drive the cylinder 410 and the lower seat body 400 to move upward. The upward moving lower seat body 400 will cause the second locking assembly 600 to gradually lock. When the lower seat body 400 moves upward to the highest point, the second locking assembly 600 is completely locked, thereby locking the lower seat body 400 to the upper seat body 100 again.

[0091] It can be seen from this that during the indexing process of the electric indexing device provided in this embodiment, only one electric drive assembly 300 is needed to drive the rotating member 200 to rotate a certain angle along the first direction first and then rotate along the second reverse direction, so as to realize the automatic locking and unlocking of multiple locking assemblies, and drive the lower seat body 400 to index relative to the upper seat body 100. The overall structure is simple and ingenious, and the manufacturing cost and usage cost are lower. There is no need for manual intervention during the indexing process, thereby reducing the workload and labor intensity of the staff. Moreover, before the start of indexing and after the completion of indexing, the lower seat body 400 can be locked to the upper seat body 100, so that the stability of the entire electric indexing device before the start of indexing and after the completion of indexing is better.

[0092] The electric indexing mechanism can be applied to different devices or scenarios that require indexing. For example, when the electric indexing mechanism is applied to a milling device, it should be noted that the milling device is a tooling installed on a vertical milling machine 1000. This tooling is equipped with a face milling cutter 920. In this case, the upper seat body 100 is bolted and fixed to the spindle end cover of the vertical milling machine 1000. The lower seat body 400 is provided with a communicating vertical through hole and a transverse through hole. The vertical through hole penetrates the bottom surface of the lower seat body 400 and the top surface of the cylinder 410, and the transverse through hole penetrates the lower side of the lower seat body 400. A vertical shaft 800 is rotatably installed in the vertical through hole through a first bearing. A chuck 810 is installed at the top end of the vertical shaft 800. The chuck 810 is provided with a keyway 811. The chuck 810 is used to connect with the spindle of the vertical milling machine 1000. In fact, the spindle of the vertical milling machine 1000 is provided with a protruding flat key. When the upper seat body 100 is connected to the spindle end cover of the vertical milling machine 1000, the flat key is keyed in the keyway 811, thereby connecting the chuck 810 with the spindle of the vertical milling machine 1000. A driving gear 820 is provided or installed at the bottom end of the vertical shaft 800. A transverse shaft 900 is rotatably installed in the transverse through hole through a second bearing. A driven gear 910 is provided or installed on the transverse shaft 900. The driven gear 910 meshes with the driving gear 820. Optionally, both the driving gear 820 and the driven gear 910 are bevel gears. In this way, the power of the spindle of the vertical milling machine 1000 can be transmitted to the transverse shaft 900. A face milling cutter 920 is installed at one end of the transverse shaft 900. The face milling cutter 920 is located outside the lower seat body 400. Therefore, when the spindle of the vertical milling machine 1000 rotates, it can drive the vertical shaft 800, the transverse shaft 900, and the face milling cutter 920 to rotate. The rotating face milling cutter 920 can mill the inner side surface of the workpiece 1100 to be machined by face milling with a large cutting amount. After one inner side surface of the workpiece 1100 to be machined is milled, the automatic indexing device is used for indexing. Of course, the indexing angle needs to be determined according to the angle between adjacent inner side surfaces of the workpiece 1100 to be machined. For example, if the angle between adjacent inner side surfaces of the workpiece 1100 to be machined is 90°, then the preset angle for each indexing of the automatic indexing device is 90°. If the angle between adjacent inner side surfaces is 120°, then the preset angle for each indexing of the automatic indexing device is 120°, and so on. After the indexing is in place, the face milling cutter 920 can be used to mill the other inner side surface of the workpiece to be machined.

[0093] An alternative implementation of this embodiment is as follows:

[0094] The rotating member 200 includes a circular seat body 210 and a retaining ring 220. A threaded through hole 211 is opened at the center of the circular seat body 210 and penetrates through the upper and lower ends of the circular seat body 210. The retaining ring 220 is bolted and fixed to the bottom end of the circular seat body 210. The cylinder 410 passes through the inner hole of the retaining ring 220 and is screwed into the threaded through hole 211. A locking hole 221 is opened on the inner hole wall of the retaining ring 220. At this time, the locking hole 221 is located below the threaded through hole 211. The locking hole 221 is a tapered hole, and the hole walls at the upper and lower ends of the tapered hole are inclined planes, while the hole walls at the two ends in the horizontal direction are vertical planes or inclined planes. Of course, the tapered hole can also be a conical hole.

[0095] The first locking assembly 500 includes a first compression spring 510 and a locking ball 520. An installation hole 411 is opened on the circumferential outer side wall of the cylinder 410. The first compression spring 510 is installed in the installation hole 411. The locking ball 520 is slidably installed in the installation hole 411 and is pressed against the inner hole wall of the retaining ring 220 by the first compression spring 510. Of course, the locking ball 520 can roll on the inner hole wall of the retaining ring 220. It is easy to understand that since the cylinder 410 passes through the inner hole of the retaining ring 220 and is screwed into the threaded through hole 211, the cylinder 410 is located in the inner hole of the retaining ring 220. In this embodiment, the inner hole diameter of the retaining ring 220 is set to be adapted to the outer diameter of the cylinder 410, that is, the cylinder 410 can just be inserted into the inner hole of the retaining ring 220, that is, the circumferential outer side wall of the cylinder 410 is in contact with the inner wall of the retaining ring 220 or is in clearance fit with a small gap.

[0096] When the cylinder 410 moves down to the lowest point relative to the rotating member 200, a partial area of the locking ball 520 enters the locking hole 221 to lock the cylinder 410 and the rotating member 200. In this case, the first locking assembly 500 is locked. When the cylinder 410 moves up from the lowest point relative to the rotating member 200, the locking ball 520 slides out of the locking hole 221 to unlock the first locking assembly 500. It should be noted that when the cylinder 410 moves down relative to the rotating member 200, the locking ball 520 rolls on the inner hole wall of the retaining ring 220.

[0097] The first locking assembly of the above-described form has the advantage of simple structure. Of course, it is necessary to set a suitable position so that the rotating downwardly moving cylinder 410 can ensure that when it moves downward to the lowest point, the locking ball 520 can be aligned with the locking hole 221 on the inner wall of the stop ring 220, so that when it moves downward to the lowest point, the locking ball 520 can accurately enter the locking hole 221. In addition, there are two locking holes 221 and mounting holes 411, and the two locking holes 221 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner wall of the stop ring 220, and the two mounting holes 411 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the outer wall of the cylinder 410. Each mounting hole 411 is installed with a first compression spring 510 and a locking ball 520. In this way, when it moves downward to the lowest point, the two locking balls 520 respectively enter the two locking holes 221 for locking, so that the first locking assembly has greater strength and better stability when locking.

[0098] An optional implementation of this embodiment is as follows:

[0099] The upper seat body 100 includes a shell-shaped seat body 110 and an annular cover plate 120. The upper and lower ends of the shell-shaped seat body 110 are open. The annular cover plate 120 is bolted and fixed at the bottom opening of the shell-shaped seat body 110 to form an installation cavity between the annular cover plate 120 and the shell-shaped seat body 110. The circular seat body 210 is rotatably placed in the installation cavity, and the circular seat body 210 is overlapped on the top surface of the annular cover plate 120. The stop ring 220 is placed in the inner ring hole of the annular cover plate 120. In order to avoid the up and down jumping of the circular seat body 210 when rotating, the shell-shaped seat body 110 in this embodiment is also provided with a resist ring extending into the installation cavity, and the circular seat body 210 is provided with an outer ring ring, and the resist ring resists the outer ring ring from above, so that the circular seat body 210 can only rotate in the installation cavity.

[0100] A side wing plate 420 is disposed in the middle of the lower seat body 400 , and the side wing plate 420 protrudes outward from the cylinder 410 .

[0101] The second locking assembly 600 includes a fixed gear ring 610 and a moving gear ring 620. The fixed gear ring 610 is disposed on the bottom surface of the annular cover plate 120. Specifically, the fixed gear ring 610 can be installed and fixed on the bottom surface of the annular cover plate 120, or the fixed gear ring 610 can be integrally formed on the bottom surface of the annular cover plate 120, and the fixed gear ring 610 is coaxially disposed with the annular cover plate 120. The moving gear ring 620 is disposed on the top surface of the side wing plate 420. Specifically, the moving gear ring 620 can be installed and fixed on the top surface of the side wing plate 420, or the moving gear ring 620 can be integrally formed on the top surface of the side wing plate 420. Optimally, the moving gear ring 620 is integrally formed on the top surface of a circular plate body 421, and then the circular plate body 421 is bolted and fixed on the top surface of the side wing plate 420, and the moving gear ring 620 surrounds the cylinder 410. The moving gear ring 620 can be engaged with the fixed gear ring 610. When fully engaged, the second locking assembly 600 is fully locked.

[0102] When the cylinder 410 drives the lower seat body 400 to move upward relative to the upper seat body 100 to the highest point, the moving gear ring 620 meshes with the fixed gear ring 610 to lock the lower seat body 400 to the upper seat body 100. At this time, the moving gear ring 620 cannot rotate relative to the fixed gear ring 610, that is, the lower seat body 400 cannot rotate relative to the upper seat body 100. When the cylinder 410 drives the lower seat body 400 to move downward from the highest point, the moving gear ring 620 and the fixed gear ring 610 gradually disengage, and the second locking component 600 is gradually unlocked. It should be noted that because both the fixed gear ring 610 and the moving gear ring 620 have a certain tooth height, when the rotating member 200 rotates in the first direction, if the fixed gear ring 610 and the moving gear ring 620 are fully meshed, then the cylinder 410 cannot rotate along the first direction together with the rotating member 200. Therefore, the rotating member 200 that starts to rotate in the first direction will drive the cylinder 410, the lower seat body 400, and the moving gear ring 620 to move downward together. Due to the action of the tooth height and the tooth gap, when the fixed gear ring 610 and the moving gear ring 620 are not completely disengaged and the rotating member 200 continues to rotate in the first direction, the cylinder 410, the lower seat body 400, and the moving gear ring 620 will also slowly rotate in the first direction under the drive of the rotating member 200. When the moving gear ring 620 rotates slowly during this process, the tooth tip of the moving gear ring 620 will move downward along the tooth groove wall of the fixed gear ring 610. Therefore, in the unlocking stage at the beginning of indexing, the cylinder 410, the lower seat body 400, and the moving gear ring 620 move downward, causing the second locking component 600 to be gradually unlocked rather than immediately fully unlocked. In this way, it can ensure that the rotating member 200 rotating in the first direction can drive the column and the lower seat body 400 to move downward by an appropriate distance (specifically, the moving gear ring 620 and the fixed gear ring 610 are completely disengaged) to ensure that the first locking component 500 can be locked. When the cylinder 410 drives the lower seat body 400 to move upward, the moving gear ring 620 gradually moves upward and approaches the fixed gear ring 610 until the moving gear ring 620 is fully meshed with the fixed gear ring 610. At this time, the lower seat body 400 can no longer move upward, that is, the lower seat body 400 moves to the highest point position.

[0103] When the second locking component 600 is locked, the fixed gear ring 610 and the moving gear ring 620 are meshed, which can not only ensure accurate indexing but also provide a large locking force, so that the lower seat body 400 locked on the upper seat body 100 cannot rotate relative to the upper seat body 100. Moreover, the second locking component 600 also has the advantages of simple structure and low cost. The fixed gear ring 610 is placed on the bottom surface of the circular cover plate 120, and the moving gear ring 620 is placed on the top surface of the circular plate body 421. The circular cover plate 120 is bolted and fixed to the bottom end of the shell-shaped seat body 110, and the circular plate body 421 is bolted and fixed to the top surface of the wing plate 420 of the lower seat body 400. The installation is simple and convenient. Moreover, when the circular cover plate 120 is removed, the rotating member 200 can be conveniently disassembled and assembled from the installation cavity.

[0104] An alternative implementation of this embodiment is as follows:

[0105] A plurality of locking grooves 121 are formed on the bottom surface of the annular cover plate 120. The plurality of locking grooves 121 are circumferentially and arrayed around the central axis of the annular cover plate 120. The depth of the locking groove 121 gradually decreases in the first direction, that is, the locking groove 121 is an inclined groove, the bottom of the locking groove 121 is an inclined plane, and the contour shape of the locking groove 121 is an arc, and the center of the arc is located on the central axis of the annular cover plate 120. The number of the locking grooves 121 is determined according to actual situations, and can be two, three, four, six, eight, etc. Correspondingly, the preset indexing angles for each indexing are 180°, 120°, 90°, 60°, 45°, etc.

[0106] The one-way locking assembly 700 includes a mounting cylinder 710, a second compression spring 720, and a locking rod 730. The mounting cylinder 710 is fixedly installed on the side wing plate 420 and the cylinder opening faces upward. In fact, the mounting cylinder 710 penetrates the upper annular plate body 421. Thus, when the lower seat body 400 rotates, the one-way locking assembly 700 will be driven to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed. The second compression spring 720 is installed in the mounting cylinder 710. The locking rod 730 is slidably inserted into the mounting cylinder 710 and is pressed against the bottom surface of the annular cover plate 120 by the second compression spring 720. The position of the locking rod 730 corresponds to that of the locking groove 121, that is, when the locking rod 730 rotates relative to the annular cover plate 120, the locking groove 121 is arranged on the rotation path of the locking rod 730. With the aid of the second compression spring 720, when the locking rod 730 rotates in the first direction, the locking rod 730 can slide out of the locking groove 121. If the locking rod 730 rotates in the second direction, the deep groove side wall of the locking groove 121 will block the locking rod 730, so that the locking rod 730 cannot rotate out of the locking groove 121 in the second direction.

[0107] Specifically, as Figure 15 shown, when the lower seat body 400 rotates relative to the upper seat body 100 in the first direction, the locking rod 730 rotates relative to the annular cover plate 120 in the first direction. And when the locking rod 730 rotates and slides into the locking groove 121, the locking rod 730 rotating in the first direction slides from the deep groove side to the shallow groove side of the locking groove 121 (as Figure 15When the lock rod 730 moves to the right, the second compression spring 720 continues to contract at this time, so that the one-way locking assembly 700 is in an unlocked state when the lower seat body 400 rotates relative to the upper seat body 100 in the first direction, that is, the one-way locking assembly 700 enables the lower seat body 400 to rotate in the first direction without obstruction. When the lower seat body 400 rotates relative to the upper seat body 100 in the second direction, the lock rod 730 rotates relative to the annular cover plate 120 in the second direction, and when the lock rod 730 is placed in the lock groove 121, the groove wall on the deep groove side of the lock groove 121 blocks the lock rod 730 rotating in the second direction (as Figure 15 When the lock rod 730 moves to the left), so that the one-way locking assembly 700 locks when the lower seat body 400 rotates relative to the upper seat body 100 in the second direction, that is, when the lock rod 730 is placed in the lock groove 121 and abuts against the groove wall on the deep groove side of the lock groove 121, the lower seat body 400 cannot rotate relative to the upper seat body 100 in the second direction.

[0108] It should be noted that when the rotating member 200 drives the cylinder 410 and the lower seat body 400 to rotate in the first direction to reach a preset indexing angle, the lock rod 730 will slide into the lock groove 121 and move to the deep groove side of the lock groove 121. At this time, the rotating member 200 reverses (that is, rotates in the second direction), and the groove wall on the deep groove side of the lock groove 121 blocks the lock rod 730, so that the lock rod 730 cannot rotate in the second reverse direction, so that the one-way locking assembly 700 cannot rotate in the second direction relative to the upper seat body 100 when the lower seat body 400 rotates. Through the position setting, each time the indexing is completed, the lock rod 730 slides to the deep groove side of a certain lock groove 121, and when the next indexing starts, the lock rod 730 can slide from the deep groove side of the lock groove 121 to the shallow groove side and finally slide out of the lock groove 121 and finally enter another lock groove 121.

[0109] Since the circular seat 210 of the rotating member 200 overlaps on the top surface of the annular cover plate 120, in order to reduce the frictional force exerted on the circular seat 210 when it rotates in the installation cavity of the upper seat body 100, in this embodiment, a plurality of hemispherical concave holes 122 are provided on the top surface of the annular cover plate 120. The plurality of hemispherical concave holes 122 are circumferentially and arrayedly distributed centered on the central axis of the annular cover plate 120, and a ball 230 is installed in each of the hemispherical concave holes 122. An annular groove 212 is provided at the bottom end of the circular seat 210, and the plurality of balls 230 are all placed in the annular groove 212 in a rolling manner. In fact, a raised ring is provided on the top surface of the annular cover plate 120, the hemispherical concave holes 122 are provided on the top surface of the raised ring, a lower raised ring is provided on the bottom surface of the circular seat 210, the annular groove 212 is provided on the bottom surface of the lower raised ring, and the retaining ring 220 is placed inside the lower raised ring. The settings of the hemispherical concave holes 122, the annular groove 212 and the balls 230 can make the structure of this mechanism more compact.

[0110] Optionally, the circular seat 210 of the rotating member 200 in this embodiment is a turbine. The electric drive assembly 300 includes a motor 310, a worm 320 and a coupling sleeve 330. The worm 320 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 310 through the coupling sleeve 330. An installation seat is further provided on the outer wall of the upper seat body 100. The motor 310, the worm 320 and the coupling sleeve 330 are all installed on the installation seat, and the worm 320 meshes with the turbine. Specifically, the installation seat is provided on the outer wall of the shell-shaped seat body 110. Of course, a controller and a power supply are also included, which are respectively used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 310 and supply power to the motor 310. When the motor 310 runs, it drives the worm 320 to rotate, and the worm 320 drives the turbine to rotate.

[0111] Of course, the electric drive assembly 300 can also be other combined electric power sources and transmission structures. The transmission structure transmits the power of the electric power source to the rotating member 200 and drives the rotating member 200 to rotate. For example, the electric power source is a motor, and the transmission structure is a belt transmission pair or a gear transmission pair or a chain transmission pair, etc. As long as it can drive the rotating member 200 to rotate in the installation cavity of the upper seat body 100.

[0112] Optionally, the preset indexing angle can be achieved by controlling the operation of the electric drive assembly 300 through a program, or can be achieved by other means. In this embodiment, a rotation angle measuring assembly (not shown in the figure) is used to real-time monitor the indexing rotation angle of the lower seat body 400 and transmit the detected data to the controller. The controller controls the operating state of the electric drive assembly 300 according to the data transmitted by the rotation angle measuring assembly. Specifically, a rotation angle measuring assembly is further installed between the upper seat body 100 and the lower seat body 400. The rotation angle measuring assembly is used to measure the angle of rotation of the lower seat body 400 relative to the upper seat body 100, and both the rotation angle measuring assembly and the electric drive assembly 300 are electrically connected to the controller, so as to use the controller to control the operating state of the electric drive assembly 300 according to the measurement result of the rotation angle measuring assembly. The controller can be a PLC, a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.

[0113] Specifically, the rotation angle measuring assembly includes a magnetic steel and a plurality of Hall elements. The plurality of Hall elements are installed on the bottom surface of the upper seat body 100, the magnetic steel is installed on the top surface of the lower seat body 400, and the magnetic steel corresponds to the position of the Hall elements. The Hall elements are electrically connected to the controller. When the lower seat body 400 rotates along the first direction for indexing, it will drive the magnetic steel to rotate by a corresponding angle, while the Hall elements will not rotate. Therefore, the rotating magnetic steel will correspond to different Hall elements, and the indexing rotation angle is measured in this way.

[0114] Of course, the rotation angle measuring assembly can also be a rotation angle encoder, or other instruments or electronic components capable of measuring the rotation angle, as long as it can accurately measure the angle of rotation of the lower seat body 400 along the first direction during indexing.

[0115] By means of the rotation angle measuring assembly to control the operating state of the electric drive assembly 300, so that when the lower seat body 400 rotates along the first direction to reach the preset indexing angle, rough positioning is achieved. With the aid of the one-way locking assembly 700 and the second locking assembly 600, after rough positioning, the electric drive assembly drives the rotating member 200 to rotate along the second direction, the one-way locking assembly 700 locks, and the reversing rotating member 200 drives the upper seat body 100 to move upward so that the moving gear ring 620 is completely engaged with the fixed gear ring 610, and precise positioning after one indexing is completed is achieved.

[0116] Embodiment 2:

[0117] This embodiment provides a milling device, as Figures 1 - 15 shown. The milling device includes the electric indexing mechanism provided in Embodiment 1, a vertical shaft 800, a horizontal shaft 900, and a face milling cutter 920, wherein:

[0118] The upper seat body 100 of the electric indexing mechanism is used to connect with the spindle end cover of the vertical milling machine 1000. The lower seat body 400 of the electric indexing mechanism is provided with a vertically communicating through hole and a horizontally communicating through hole. The vertical through hole penetrates the bottom surface of the lower seat body 400 and the top surface of the cylinder 410, and the horizontal through hole penetrates the lower side wall of the lower seat body 400. The vertical shaft 800 is rotatably installed in the vertical through hole through the first bearing. A chuck 810 is installed at the top end of the vertical shaft 800, and the chuck 810 is used to connect with the spindle of the vertical milling machine 1000. A driving gear 820 is arranged at the bottom end of the vertical shaft 800. The horizontal shaft 900 is rotatably installed in the horizontal through hole through the second bearing. A driven gear 910 is arranged on the horizontal shaft 900, and the driven gear 910 meshes with the driving gear 820. A face milling cutter 920 is installed at one end of the horizontal shaft 900, and the face milling cutter 920 is located outside the lower seat body 400.

[0119] Actually, the lower seat body 400 further includes a square column 430 located below the wing plate 420. The square column 430, the wing plate 420 and the cylinder 410 are coaxially arranged. The vertical through hole penetrates the square column 430, the wing plate 420 and the cylinder 410, and the horizontal through hole is arranged at the lower part of the square column 430 and is orthogonal to the vertical through hole. An end cover 450 blocking the opening position of the horizontal through hole is installed at the lower part of the square column 430.

[0120] Through the vertical shaft 800 and the horizontal shaft 900, the spindle drive mode of the vertical milling machine 1000 is changed from vertical to horizontal of the horizontal shaft 900 and the face milling cutter 920. With the setting of the face milling cutter 920, the vertical milling machine 1000 using this milling device can use a large-diameter indexable face milling cutter 920 for machining, select a larger feed rate, cutting width and cutting depth, improve the cutting efficiency, and the diameter of the face milling cutter 920 is larger than the width of the cutter body, which can ensure that the cutter body does not interfere with the inner side surface. After milling one inner side surface of the workpiece 1100 to be machined, automatic indexing is carried out by means of an automatic indexing device, so that the face milling cutter 920 is rotated to face another inner side surface of the workpiece 1100 to be machined, and then the face milling cutter 920 is used to mill another inner side surface of the workpiece 1100 to be machined. Repeating like this, one or more inner side surfaces on the workpiece to be machined can be directly machined under one clamping, ensuring the machining accuracy and consistency of the workpiece to be machined, and also reducing the auxiliary machining time. Moreover, no staff intervention is required during indexing, and it can achieve automatic indexing, thus effectively reducing the workload and labor intensity of the staff and further improving the production efficiency.

[0121] Optionally, the lower seat body 400 further includes a sleeve 440 disposed in the vertical through hole. An ear plate is provided at the top end of the sleeve 440. A counterbore is formed on the top surface of the cylinder at the upper opening of the vertical through hole. The ear plate is placed in the counterbore and fixed in the counterbore by bolting. The outer wall of the sleeve 440 is in close contact with the hole wall of the vertical through hole. The vertical shaft 800 is rotatably installed in the sleeve 440 through a first bearing. The setting of the sleeve 440 facilitates adjusting the position of the vertical shaft 800 in the vertical direction, thereby facilitating adjusting the meshing clearance between the driving gear 820 and the driven gear 910.

[0122] Embodiment 3:

[0123] This embodiment provides a usage method, which uses the milling device provided in Embodiment 2 to mill the inner side surface of the workpiece 1100 to be machined. The method includes:

[0124] Step 1: Install the upper seat body 100 on the spindle end cover of the vertical milling machine 1000, such that the chuck 810 is clamped and matched with the spindle of the vertical milling machine 1000, and ensure that the cross shaft 900 is parallel to the X-axis or Y-axis of the workbench of the vertical milling machine 1000.

[0125] Step 2: Install the workpiece 1100 to be machined overhead on the workbench of the vertical milling machine 1000 and clamp it using a fixture. The workpiece 1100 to be machined has a plurality of adjacent inner side surfaces (for example, as Figure 16 shown, each inner cavity of the workpiece 1100 to be machined has four adjacent inner side surfaces), such that the face milling cutter 920 faces one inner side surface of the workpiece 1100 to be machined.

[0126] Step 3: Start the vertical milling machine 1000, and drive the face milling cutter 920 to rotate through the chuck 810, the vertical shaft 800, and the cross shaft 900 to mill one inner side surface of the workpiece 1100 to be machined.

[0127] Step 4: After milling one inner side surface of the workpiece 1100 to be machined, turn off the vertical milling machine 1000 and turn on the electric drive assembly 300, thereby starting indexing. The method of indexing includes:

[0128] Initial state: The first locking assembly 500 is unlocked to disengage the cylinder 410 from the rotating member 200, and the second locking assembly 600 is locked to lock the lower seat body 400 and the upper seat body 100 together. At this time, the lower seat body 400 is at the highest position. In this case, the locking beads 520 do not enter the locking holes 221, and the east gear is fully meshed with the fixed gear ring 610. The locking rod 730 is inserted into a locking groove 121 and is located on the deep groove side of the locking groove 121.

[0129] Unlocking stage: The electric drive assembly 300 drives the rotating member 200 to rotate in the first direction, so that the cylinder 410 and the lower seat body 400 move downward. When the cylinder 410 and the lower seat body 400 move downward to the lowest point, the first locking assembly 500 locks to lock the cylinder 410 and the rotating member 200 together, and the second locking assembly 600 unlocks to separate the lower seat body 400 from the upper seat body 100. Specifically, the motor 310 drives the worm 320 to rotate, and the worm 320 drives the turbine to rotate in the first direction. Since the lock bead 520 does not enter the lock groove 121 and the moving gear ring 620 is fully engaged with the fixed gear ring 610, when the turbine just starts to rotate in the first direction, the lower seat body 400 is locked on the upper seat body 100, and the upper seat body 100 is connected to the spindle end cover of the vertical milling machine 1000, so the upper seat body 100 is fixed. Therefore, by means of the screwing action between the cylinder 410 and the threaded through hole 211, the rotating turbine will drive the cylinder 410 to drive the lower seat body 400 and the moving gear ring 620 to move downward. The moving gear ring 620 moving downward gradually separates from the fixed gear ring 610, so that the second locking assembly 600 is gradually unlocked, and further the lower seat body 400 and the upper seat body 100 assembly are gradually separated. When the cylinder 410, the lower seat body 400 and the moving gear ring 620 move down to the lowest point, the lock bead 520 enters the lock hole 221, so that the first locking assembly 500 locks, that is, the cylinder 410 is connected to the stop ring 220 of the rotating member 200.

[0130] Indexing stage: The electric drive assembly 300 drives the rotating member 200 to continue rotating in the first direction, and the lower seat body 400 and the face milling cutter 920 are indexed in the first direction driven by the rotating member 200. Specifically, because in the unlocking stage, the moving gear ring 620 and the fixed gear ring 610 have been completely separated, and the lock bead 520 just enters the lock hole 221, the rotating member 200 will drive the cylinder 410, the lower seat body 400, the fixed gear ring 610 and the one-way locking assembly 700 to rotate synchronously and at the same speed in the first direction, so as to drive the lower seat body 400 and the face milling cutter 920 to be indexed in the first direction. During the indexing process, the cooperation of the Hall element and the magnetic steel is used to measure the indexing rotation angle, and when it rotates to the indexing rotation angle, the locking rod 730 of the one-way locking assembly 700 enters the deep groove side of a lock groove 121.

[0131] Locking stage: when the lower seat body 400 and the disc milling cutter 920 are indexed to a preset angle, the electric drive assembly 300 drives the rotating component 200 to rotate in the second direction, and the lower seat body 400 is locked to the upper seat body 100 by the one-way locking assembly 700 and cannot rotate in the second direction. The rotating component 200 rotating in the second direction drives the cylinder 410 to drive the lower seat body 400 to move upward, thereby unlocking the first locking assembly 500. When the cylinder 410 and the lower seat body 400 move upward to the highest point, the second locking assembly 600 is locked again. Specifically, when the indexing is completed, the locking rod 730 of the one-way locking assembly 700 enters the deep groove side of a locking groove 121 and is blocked by the groove wall on the deep groove side. Therefore, rotating the rotating member 200 in the second direction cannot drive the lower seat body 400 to rotate in the second direction. Therefore, the turbine rotating in the second direction will cause the cylinder 410 to drive the lower seat body 400 and the movable gear ring 620 to move upward, thereby forcing the locking ball 520 to disengage from the locking hole 221, so that the first locking assembly 500 is unlocked, and the upward moving gear ring 620 gradually engages with the fixed gear ring 610, thereby gradually locking the second locking assembly 600. When the moving gear ring 620 is fully engaged with the fixed gear ring 610, the cylinder 410, the lower seat body 400 and the moving gear ring 620 rise to the highest point.

[0132] Step 5: After the indexing is in place, the disc milling cutter 920 is facing the other inner side of the workpiece 1100 to be processed, and then the electric drive assembly 300 is turned off and the vertical milling machine 1000 is turned on again, and the disc milling cutter 920 is used to mill the other inner side of the workpiece 1100 to be processed. With the meshing and locking effect of the movable gear ring 620 and the fixed gear ring 610, the stability of the disc milling cutter 920 during milling can be ensured.

[0133] Step 6: Repeat step 4 and step 5 until all inner side surfaces of the workpiece 1100 to be processed are milled.

[0134] It should be noted that when the disc milling cutter 920 is used to mill an inner side surface of the workpiece 1100 to be processed, the "H-type" tool path is adopted, which can avoid leaving a large fillet at the intersection of adjacent inner sides, reduce the subsequent slotting and bench grinding process of each inner corner, shorten the working time, improve production efficiency, and reduce the labor intensity of workers. Specifically, the "H-type" tool path belongs to the prior art in the field of machining, and has been disclosed in the comparative documents mentioned in the background technology of this patent, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0135] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "center", "top", "bottom", "top part", "bottom part", "inner", "outer", "inner side", "outer side", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention. Among them, the "inner side" refers to the internal or enclosed area or space. The "periphery" refers to the area around a specific component or specific area.

[0136] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", "third", "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0137] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "joined", "assembled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0138] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0139] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that "-" and "~" represent the range between two numerical values, and this range includes the endpoints. For example, "A - B" represents a range greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B. "A ~ B" represents a range greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B.

[0140] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the term "and / or" herein is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0141] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electric indexing mechanism, characterized in that: include: Upper body; A rotating member is rotatably mounted in the upper seat body, and the rotating member is provided with a threaded through hole; An electric drive assembly, mounted on the upper seat, and configured to drive the rotating member to rotate in a first direction or a second direction, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction; The lower seat body has a cylinder on the upper part, and the cylinder is screwed into the threaded through hole; a first locking assembly, arranged between the cylinder and the rotating member, wherein the first locking assembly is locked when the cylinder moves downward to the lowest point relative to the rotating member and is unlocked when the cylinder moves upward from the lowest point relative to the rotating member, and when the first locking assembly is locked, the cylinder is locked to the rotating member; a second locking assembly, arranged between the lower seat and the upper seat, the second locking assembly being locked when the lower seat moves upward to the highest point relative to the upper seat and being gradually unlocked when the lower seat moves downward from the highest point relative to the rotating member, and when the second locking assembly is locked, the lower seat is locked to the upper seat; A one-way locking assembly is arranged between the lower seat and the upper seat. The one-way locking assembly is unlocked when the lower seat rotates in a first direction relative to the upper seat and is locked when the lower seat rotates in a second direction relative to the upper seat. When the one-way locking assembly is locked, the lower seat is locked to the upper seat.

2. The electric indexing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating member comprises a circular seat body and a stop ring, the threaded through hole is opened at the center of the circular seat body and penetrates to the upper and lower ends of the circular seat body, the stop ring is bolted and fixed to the bottom end of the circular seat body, the cylinder passes through the inner hole of the stop ring and is screwed to the threaded through hole, and a lock hole is opened on the inner hole wall of the stop ring; The first locking assembly includes a first compression spring and a locking ball. A mounting hole is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the cylinder. The first compression spring is mounted in the mounting hole. The locking ball is slidably mounted in the mounting hole and pressed against the inner hole wall of the retaining ring by the first compression spring. When the cylinder moves downward to the lowest point relative to the rotating member, a portion of the locking bead enters the locking hole, so that the cylinder is locked with the rotating member; When the cylinder moves upward from the lowest point relative to the rotating member, the locking ball slides out of the locking hole to unlock the first locking assembly.

3. The electric indexing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper seat body comprises a shell-shaped seat body with openings at both ends and a circular cover plate bolted and fixed at the bottom opening of the shell-shaped seat body, a mounting cavity is formed between the circular cover plate and the shell-shaped seat body, the circular seat body is rotatably placed in the mounting cavity and overlapped on the top surface of the circular cover plate, and the retaining ring is placed in the inner ring hole of the circular cover plate; A side wing plate is provided in the middle of the lower seat body; The second locking assembly includes a fixed gear ring and a movable gear ring, wherein the fixed gear ring is arranged on the bottom surface of the annular cover plate, and the movable gear ring is arranged on the top surface of the side wing plate, and the movable gear ring surrounds the cylinder; When the cylinder drives the lower seat body to move upward to the highest point relative to the upper seat body, the movable gear ring is fully meshed with the fixed gear ring, so that the lower seat body is locked to the upper seat body; When the cylinder drives the lower seat body to move downward from the highest point, the movable gear ring and the fixed gear ring gradually separate to gradually unlock the second locking assembly.

4. The electric indexing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of locking grooves are provided on the bottom surface of the annular cover plate, the plurality of locking grooves are distributed in a circular array with the central axis of the annular cover plate as the center, and the depth of the locking grooves gradually decreases along the first direction; The one-way locking assembly comprises a mounting tube, a second compression spring and a locking rod, wherein the mounting tube is fixedly mounted on the side wing plate with the tube opening facing upward, the second compression spring is mounted in the mounting tube, the locking rod is slidably inserted into the mounting tube and pressed against the bottom surface of the annular cover plate through the second compression spring, and the position of the locking rod corresponds to the locking groove; When the lower seat body rotates relative to the upper seat body in the first direction, the locking rod rotates relative to the annular cover plate in the first direction, and when the locking rod rotates to slide into the locking groove, the locking rod rotating in the first direction slides from the deep groove side of the locking groove to the shallow groove side, so that the one-way locking assembly is unlocked when the lower seat body rotates relative to the upper seat body in the first direction; When the lower seat body rotates along the second direction relative to the upper seat body, the locking rod rotates along the second direction relative to the annular cover plate, and when the locking rod is placed in the locking groove, the groove wall on the deep groove side of the locking groove blocks the locking rod rotating along the second direction, so that the one-way locking assembly is locked when the lower seat body rotates along the second direction relative to the upper seat body.

5. The electric indexing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top surface of the annular cover plate is provided with a plurality of hemispherical concave holes, the plurality of hemispherical concave holes are distributed in a circular array with the central axis of the annular cover plate as the center, and a ball is installed in each of the hemispherical concave holes; A circular groove is formed at the bottom end of the circular seat body, and a plurality of the balls are all rolledly placed in the circular groove.

6. The electric indexing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The rotating component is a turbine; The electric drive assembly includes a motor, a worm and a coupling sleeve. The worm is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor through the coupling sleeve. The outer wall of the upper seat body is also provided with a mounting seat. The motor, the worm and the coupling sleeve are all installed on the mounting seat. The worm is meshed with the turbine.

7. The electric indexing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A rotation angle measuring component is also installed between the upper seat body and the lower seat body. The rotation angle measuring component is used to measure the rotation angle of the lower seat body relative to the upper seat body, and the rotation angle measuring component and the electric drive component are electrically connected to the controller so that the controller can control the operating state of the electric drive component according to the measurement result of the rotation angle measuring component.

8. The electric indexing mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotation angle measuring component includes a magnet and a plurality of Hall elements, wherein the plurality of Hall elements are mounted on the bottom surface of the upper seat, the magnet is mounted on the top surface of the lower seat, and the magnet corresponds to the position of the Hall element, and the Hall element is electrically connected to the controller.

9. A milling device, characterized in that: include: The electric indexing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the upper seat of the electric indexing mechanism is used to connect with the spindle end cover of a vertical milling machine, and the lower seat of the electric indexing mechanism is provided with a vertical through hole and a horizontal through hole that are connected, the vertical through hole passes through the bottom surface of the lower seat and the top surface of the cylinder, and the horizontal through hole passes through the lower side wall of the lower seat; A vertical shaft is rotatably mounted on the vertical through hole through a first bearing, a chuck is mounted on the top of the vertical shaft, the chuck is used to connect with the main shaft of the vertical milling machine, and a driving gear is arranged on the bottom of the vertical shaft; A transverse shaft is rotatably mounted on the transverse through hole through a second bearing, and a driven gear is disposed on the transverse shaft, and the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear; A disc milling cutter is mounted at one end of the transverse axis, and the disc milling cutter is located outside the lower seat body.

10. A method of using the milling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Install the upper seat body on the spindle end cover of the vertical milling machine, so that the chuck is engaged with the spindle of the vertical milling machine, and ensure that the horizontal axis is parallel to the X-axis or Y-axis of the vertical milling machine table; Step 2: The workpiece to be processed is mounted on a workbench of a vertical milling machine, wherein the workpiece to be processed has a plurality of inner side surfaces connected to each other, so that the disc milling cutter is opposite to one inner side surface of the workpiece to be processed; Step 3: Start the vertical milling machine, drive the disc milling cutter to rotate through the chuck, vertical axis and horizontal axis, and mill an inner side surface of the workpiece to be processed; Step 4: After the milling of the inner side of one side of the workpiece to be processed is completed, the vertical milling machine is turned off and the electric drive assembly is turned on to start indexing. The indexing method includes: Initial state: the first locking assembly is unlocked to disengage the cylinder from the rotating member, and the second locking assembly is locked to lock the lower seat body and the upper seat body together; Unlocking stage: the electric drive assembly drives the rotating member to rotate in the first direction to move the cylinder and the lower seat downward. When the cylinder and the lower seat move downward to the lowest point, the first locking assembly locks the cylinder and the rotating member together, and the second locking assembly unlocks the lower seat and the upper seat; Indexing stage: the electric drive assembly drives the rotating member to continue rotating along the first direction, and the lower seat body and the disc milling cutter are driven by the rotating member to index along the first direction; Locking stage: when the lower seat body and the disc milling cutter index to a preset angle, the electric drive assembly drives the rotating member to rotate in the second direction, and the lower seat body is locked to the upper seat body by the one-way locking assembly and cannot rotate in the second direction. The rotating member rotating in the second direction drives the cylinder to drive the lower seat body to move upward, thereby unlocking the first locking assembly. When the cylinder and the lower seat body move upward to the highest point, the second locking assembly is locked again; Step 5: After the indexing is in place, the disc milling cutter is facing the other inner side of the workpiece to be processed, and then the electric drive assembly is turned off and the vertical milling machine is turned on again to use the disc milling cutter to mill the other inner side of the workpiece to be processed; Step 6: Repeat steps 4 and 5 until all inner side surfaces of the workpiece to be processed are milled.

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