Preparation method and preparation device of graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and a preparation device of a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton. The preparation device comprises a base, a lower template is fixed to the top of the base, a mold is fixed to the top of the lower template, and a mounting table is fixed to the top of the lower template. The invention relates to the technical field of material preparation. According to the preparation method and the preparation device of the graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton, through the arrangement of the quantitative discharging, uniform mixing and circulating mechanism and the driving assembly, quantitative and small-amount discharging is achieved, meanwhile, uniform mixing is conducted on a mixture through uniform mixing blades, and the situation that a large number of materials are put into mixing equipment at a time in a traditional mixing mode, and the mixing efficiency is greatly improved is effectively avoided. The problems that materials are relatively dispersed in initial distribution and difficult to quickly and uniformly mix are solved, meanwhile, after the materials are fully and uniformly mixed before hot pressing, the flowability of the mixture is effectively improved, and the probability of forming defects such as material shortage and bubbles of the precursor is effectively reduced through a small amount of multiple times of uniform mixing operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material preparation, and specifically to a preparation method and a preparation device for a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton. Background Art

[0002] Due to their unique porous structure, high specific surface area, and good chemical stability, porous carbon materials exhibit great application potential in the fields of energy storage, catalysis, adsorption separation, etc. Among them, the graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton combines the high electrical conductivity of graphite and the structural advantages of porous carbon materials, and can further improve the performance of the materials in related applications.

[0003] A mixture is obtained by mixing a biomass raw material with a pore-forming agent solution, and then the mixture is transferred to a mold. By means of hot pressing, a precursor with a specific shape is formed. The precursor is a key intermediate product in the process of preparing the graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton and plays an important role in connecting the previous and the following. Since the fluidity of the mixture in the mold before hot pressing is poor, molding defects such as material shortage and bubbles are likely to occur after hot pressing. In addition, in the existing hot pressing process, due to the lack of effective scraping measures, the surface of the mixture in the mold is uneven, resulting in the pressure during hot pressing not being evenly applied to the material. The uneven height of the material causes the local pressure to be too large or too small, which in turn affects the compaction degree of the precursor. The uneven pressure will also cause differences in the density of each part of the precursor, increasing the risk of internal defects and seriously affecting the reaction uniformity of subsequent carbonization, activation, and graphitization treatments. To solve the above problems, we propose a preparation method and a preparation device for a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a preparation method and a preparation device for a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton, which solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A preparation device for a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton, including a base, a lower template is fixed on the top of the base, a mold is fixed on the top of the lower template, an installation table is fixed on the top of the lower template, and a quantitative feeding, mixing, and circulating mechanism is arranged on the top of the installation table. The quantitative feeding, mixing, and circulating mechanism is used to quantitatively input the mixture into the mold, mix it, and circulate this process;

[0006] The quantitative feeding and mixing circulation mechanism includes a sliding seat slidably connected to the top of the installation table. A fixed seat is fixed on the top of the sliding seat. One side of the fixed seat is rotatably connected to a first bevel gear through a rotating shaft. A Z-shaped rotating arm is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft of the first bevel gear. A chute is formed through the Z-shaped rotating arm. A rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the Z-shaped rotating arm. A second bevel gear is fixed to the top end of the rotating rod. The first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear. The Z-shaped rotating arm is controlled by a driving component to perform a 90-degree clockwise and counterclockwise cyclic rotation. An electric telescopic rod one is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating rod. A mixing blade is fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod one. A material box is fixed to one side of the Z-shaped rotating arm. A discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom of the material box. A U-shaped plate is fixed to one side of the sliding seat. A hopper is fixed to one side of the U-shaped plate. An L-shaped plate is fixed to one side of the hopper. A touch switch is installed on one side of the L-shaped plate.

[0007] Preferably, the driving component includes a vertical block fixed to the top of the sliding seat. A cam is rotatably connected to one side of the vertical block through a rotating shaft. Two cross bars are fixed to one side of the vertical block. A vertical plate is fixed between the ends of the two cross bars. A slider is slidably connected between the outer surfaces of the two cross bars. A first spring is fixed between one side of the slider and one side of the vertical plate. A connecting plate is fixed to one side of the slider. The side surface of the cam contacts and presses against one side of the connecting plate. An installation plate is fixed to one side of the slider. A connecting column is fixed to one side of the installation plate.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting column slides in the chute. A first pulley is fixed to the rotating shaft of the cam. A second pulley is fixed to the rotating shaft of the first bevel gear. The first pulley and the second pulley are connected by a belt. An L-shaped seat is fixed to one side of the sliding seat. A motor is fixed to one side of the L-shaped seat. The motor drives the rotating shaft of the first bevel gear to rotate.

[0009] Preferably, an automatic leveling component for leveling the mixture in the mold is further provided on the sliding seat. The automatic leveling component includes a disc fixed to one end of the rotating shaft of the cam. A convex column is fixed to one side of the disc. A folding rod is fixed to one side of the sliding seat. One side of the folding rod is rotatably connected to a swing rod through a pin shaft. A guide groove is formed through the swing rod. The convex column slides in the guide groove. A missing gear is fixed to one end of the swing rod. A cross plate is fixed to one side of the sliding seat.

[0010] Preferably, a guide rail is provided on the cross plate. A rack is slidably connected in the guide rail. The missing gear meshes with the rack. A bent rod is fixed to one side of the rack. A square plate is fixed to one end of the bent rod. An electric telescopic rod two is fixed to the top of the square plate. A scraping plate is fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod two.

[0011] Preferably, a removal unit is provided on the scraper. The removal unit is used to remove a small amount of materials adsorbed by the scraper due to electrostatic action during scraping. The removal unit includes a connecting rod fixed to one side of the scraper. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a side plate. A U-shaped clamp is provided on one side of the side plate. A second spring is fixed between one side of the U-shaped clamp and one side of the side plate. An L-shaped limiting plate is rotatably connected to the U-shaped clamp through a pin shaft. One side of the L-shaped limiting plate contacts and presses against one side of the side plate.

[0012] Preferably, four support columns are fixed to the top of the lower template. An upper template is fixed between the tops of the four support columns. A first cylinder is fixed to the top of the upper template. A hot pressing plate is fixed to the output end of the first cylinder. A vertical plate is fixed to the top of the sliding seat. A second cylinder is fixed to one side of the vertical plate. The output end of the second cylinder is fixed to one side of the sliding seat.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a preparation method of a graphitized composite porous carbon framework, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Add the crushed biomass raw materials into the pore-forming agent solution, stir well and mix evenly to make the pore-forming agent evenly adsorbed on the surface of the biomass raw materials. Then add the catalyst solution to form a mixture. Add the mixture into the hopper. Start the second cylinder. The second cylinder drives the sliding seat to move to the right and push it above the mold. Start the motor. The motor drives the cam to rotate. When the cam rotates, it drives the slider and the mounting plate to move left and right reciprocally. The mounting plate drives the Z-shaped rotating arm to rotate 90 degrees clockwise and counterclockwise in a cycle. When the material box rotates to the upper side, the material box presses against the touch switch. The touch switch opens the electric door in the hopper, and the mixture falls into the material box. When the material box rotates to the horizontal state, the mixture is discharged into the mold through the discharge pipe. At the same time, start the first electric telescopic rod. The first electric telescopic rod drives the mixing blade to stir the mixture to improve the fluidity of the mixture;

[0015] Step 2: When the cam rotates, it synchronously drives the disc to rotate. The disc drives the missing gear to swing around the pin shaft. Then the missing gear drives the rack to move left and right reciprocally. Start the second electric telescopic rod. The second electric telescopic rod drives the scraper to move down. As the scraper moves left and right reciprocally, it levels the mixture in the mold;

[0016] Step 3: Rotate and open the L-shaped limiting plate. At this time, the compressed second spring resets, drives the U-shaped clamp to move, and the U-shaped clamp quickly removes the mixture adhered to the surface of the scraper. After waiting for the mixture to be mixed and leveled, start the first cylinder. The first cylinder drives the hot pressing plate to move down into the mold to hot press the mixture and finally form a precursor.

[0017] Beneficial effects

[0018] The present invention provides a method and device for preparing a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) By setting up a quantitative feeding and mixing circulation mechanism and a driving component, it is possible to achieve quantitative feeding of a small amount of material while mixing the mixture with a mixing blade. This cycle effectively avoids the phenomenon that a large amount of material is put into the mixing equipment at one time in the traditional mixing method, and the initial distribution of the material is relatively dispersed, making it difficult to quickly achieve uniform mixing. At the same time, after being fully mixed before hot pressing, the fluidity of the mixture is effectively improved. After a small amount of multiple mixing operations, the probability of forming defects such as material shortage and bubbles in the precursor is effectively reduced.

[0020] (2) By setting up an automatic scraping component and linking it with a quantitative material feeding and mixing circulation mechanism, the mixture can be scraped flat in the mold after being mixed, so that the pressure during hot pressing can act evenly on the material, making the density of the precursor consistent everywhere, and reducing the risk of internal defects.

[0021] (3) By removing the setting of the unit, after the L-shaped limit plate is rotated and opened, the compressed spring 2 quickly drives the U-shaped clamp to slide on the scraper surface, and then the U-shaped clamp scrapes off a small amount of mixture adsorbed on the scraper due to static electricity, so that the scraper remains clean and the flatness during scraping is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 The local structure of the present invention is three-dimensional Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 3 The local structure of the present invention is three-dimensional Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 4 The quantitative feeding mixing circulation mechanism and the driving component of the present invention are three-dimensional Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0027] Figure 6 The quantitative feeding mixing circulation mechanism and the driving component of the present invention are three-dimensional Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 7 A three-dimensional diagram of the automatic scraping assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the removal unit of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1, base; 2, lower template; 3, mold; 4, installation table; 5, quantitative feeding and mixing circulation mechanism; 6, drive assembly; 7, automatic leveling assembly; 8, removal unit; 9, support column; 10, upper template; 11, cylinder one; 12, hot pressing plate; 13, vertical plate; 14, cylinder two; 51, sliding seat; 52, fixed seat; 53, bevel gear one; 54, Z-shaped rotating arm; 55, chute; 56, rotating rod; 57, bevel gear two; 58, electric telescopic rod one; 59, mixing blade; 510, material box; 511, discharge pipe; 512, U-shaped plate; 513, hopper; 514, L-shaped plate; 515, touch switch; 61, vertical block; 62, cam; 63, cross bar; 64, vertical plate; 65, slider; 66, spring one; 67, connecting plate; 68, mounting plate; 69, connecting column; 610, pulley one; 611, pulley two; 612, belt; 613, L-shaped seat; 614, motor; 71, disc; 72, convex column; 73, folding rod; 74, swing rod; 75, guide groove; 76, missing gear; 77, cross plate; 78, guide rail; 79, rack; 710, bent rod; 711, square plate; 712, electric telescopic rod two; 713, scraper; 81, connecting rod; 82, side plate; 83, U-shaped clamp; 84, spring two; 85, L-shaped limiting plate. Specific embodiments

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention provide three technical solutions, specifically including the following embodiments:

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 - 6, A preparation device for a graphitized composite porous carbon framework, including a base 1. A lower template 2 is fixed to the top of the base 1, and a mold 3 is fixed to the top of the lower template 2. Pour the mixture into the mold 3, start the first cylinder 11, and the first cylinder 11 drives the hot pressing plate 12 to press down. The hot pressing plate 12 starts heating to heat and form the mixture, and finally the mixture forms a precursor. Four support columns 9 are fixed to the top of the lower template 2, and an upper template 10 is fixed between the tops of the four support columns 9. The first cylinder 11 is fixed to the top of the upper template 10. The first cylinder 11 is controlled by an external switch and is electrically connected to an external power supply. The output end of the first cylinder 11 is fixed with a hot pressing plate 12. The hot pressing plate 12 is made of high-temperature resistant and high-strength metal materials, such as stainless steel or alloy steel. During the hot pressing process, the hot pressing plate 12 heats up through internal heating elements, such as resistance wires, heating rods, etc., and transfers the heat to the material to meet the temperature conditions required for hot pressing. An installation platform 4 is fixed to the top of the lower template 2, and a quantitative feeding, mixing and circulating mechanism 5 is arranged on the top of the installation platform 4. The quantitative feeding, mixing and circulating mechanism 5 is used to quantitatively input the mixture into the mold 3, mix it and circulate this process;

[0035] The quantitative feeding, mixing and circulating mechanism 5 includes a sliding seat 51 slidably connected to the top of the installation platform 4. A fixed seat 52 is fixed to the top of the sliding seat 51. One side of the fixed seat 52 is rotatably connected with a first bevel gear 53 through a rotating shaft. A Z-shaped rotating arm 54 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft of the first bevel gear 53. A chute 55 is formed through the Z-shaped rotating arm 54. A rotating rod 56 is rotatably connected inside the Z-shaped rotating arm 54. A second bevel gear 57 is fixed to the top of the rotating rod 56. The first bevel gear 53 meshes with the second bevel gear 57. The Z-shaped rotating arm 54 is controlled by a driving component 6 to rotate 90 degrees clockwise and counterclockwise in a cycle. An electric telescopic rod 58 is fixed to the bottom of the rotating rod 56. The electric telescopic rod 58 is controlled by an external switch and is electrically connected to an external power supply. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 58 is fixed with a mixing blade 59. The setting of the mixing blade 59 can mix the mixture in the mold 3. Stirring can promote the uniform mixing of each component in the mixture. When each component is evenly distributed, the overall properties of the mixture tend to be consistent, avoiding uneven fluidity caused by local component differences. One side of the Z-shaped rotating arm 54 is fixed with a material box 510. One side of the material box 510 is of an open design. A discharge pipe 511 is communicated with the bottom of the material box 510. A U-shaped plate 512 is fixed to one side of the sliding seat 51. A hopper 513 is fixed to one side of the U-shaped plate 512. An electric door is installed in the hopper 513. The electric door is controlled by a touch switch 515 and an external main switch and is electrically connected to an external power supply. When the electric door is opened, the mixture in the hopper 513 is discharged. When the electric door is closed, the discharge can be stopped. A touch switch 515 is installed on one side of an L-shaped plate 514 fixed to one side of the hopper 513.

[0036] The driving assembly 6 includes a vertical block 61 fixed on the top of the slide seat 51, one side of the vertical block 61 is rotatably connected to a cam 62 via a rotating shaft, two cross bars 63 are fixed to one side of the vertical block 61, a vertical plate 64 is fixed between one ends of the two cross bars 63, a slider 65 is slidably connected between the outer surfaces of the two cross bars 63, a spring 66 is fixed between one side of the slider 65 and one side of the vertical plate 64, the setting of the spring 66 allows the slider 65 to reset to the left, a connecting plate 67 is fixed to one side of the slider 65, the side surface of the cam 62 is in contact and extrusion with one side of the connecting plate 67, a mounting plate 68 is fixed to one side of the slider 65, and a connecting column 69 is fixed to one side of the mounting plate 68.

[0037] The connecting column 69 slides in the slide groove 55, a pulley 610 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the cam 62, a pulley 611 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the bevel gear 53, the pulley 610 and the pulley 611 are connected by a belt 612, an L-shaped seat 613 is fixed on one side of the slide 51, a motor 614 is fixed on one side of the L-shaped seat 613, the motor 614 is controlled by an external switch and is electrically connected to an external power supply, and the motor 614 drives the rotating shaft of the bevel gear 53 to rotate.

[0038] By setting up the quantitative feeding and mixing circulation mechanism 5 and the driving component 6, it is possible to achieve quantitative feeding of small amounts of materials while mixing the mixture with the mixing blades 59, and such a cycle effectively avoids the phenomenon that a large amount of materials are put into the mixing equipment at one time in the traditional mixing method, the initial distribution of the materials is relatively dispersed, and it is difficult to quickly achieve uniform mixing. At the same time, after sufficient mixing before hot pressing, the fluidity of the mixture is effectively improved. After a small amount and multiple mixing operations, the probability of forming defects such as material shortage and bubbles in the precursor is effectively reduced.

[0039] A vertical plate 13 is fixed to the top of the slide 51, and a cylinder 14 is fixed to one side of the vertical plate 13. The cylinder 14 is controlled by an external switch and is electrically connected to an external power supply. The output end of the cylinder 14 is fixed to one side of the slide 51. The setting of the cylinder 14 can drive the slide 51 to move, and push the quantitative feeding and mixing circulation mechanism 5 to the top of the mold 3 to perform quantitative feeding and mixing operations. When it is not needed, the cylinder 14 is turned off without affecting the hot pressing operation.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Based on Example 1, see Figures 7 - 8As shown, the slide 51 is also provided with an automatic leveling component 7 for leveling the mixture in the mold 3, and the automatic leveling component 7 includes a disc 71 fixed to one end of the rotating shaft of the cam 62, a boss 72 is fixed to one side of the disc 71, a folding rod 73 is fixed to one side of the slide 51, and a swing rod 74 is rotatably connected to one side of the folding rod 73 through a pin shaft, a guide groove 75 is penetrated through the swing rod 74, the boss 72 slides in the guide groove 75, a missing gear 76 is fixed to one end of the swing rod 74, and a cross plate 77 is fixed to one side of the slide 51.

[0042] A guide rail 78 is provided on the horizontal plate 77, and a rack 79 is slidably connected in the guide rail 78. The missing gear 76 is meshed with the rack 79. A bent rod 710 is fixed to one side of the rack 79, and a square plate 711 is fixed to one end of the bent rod 710. An electric telescopic rod 712 is fixed to the top of the square plate 711. The electric telescopic rod 712 is controlled by an external switch and is electrically connected to an external power supply. A scraper 713 is fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod 712. The scraper 713 can be set to scrape the mixture in the mold 3 flat to improve the flatness.

[0043] By setting the automatic scraping component 7, in conjunction with the quantitative feeding and mixing circulation mechanism 5, after the mixture is mixed, the mixture can be scraped flat in the mold 3, so that the pressure during hot pressing can act evenly on the material, making the density of the precursor consistent everywhere, and reducing the risk of internal defects.

[0044] The scraper 713 is provided with a removal unit 8, which is used to remove a small amount of material adsorbed by the scraper 713 due to electrostatic action when scraping. The removal unit 8 includes a connecting rod 81 fixed to one side of the scraper 713, one end of the connecting rod 81 is rotatably connected to a side plate 82, and the rotational friction coefficient between the side plate 82 and the connecting rod 81 is large, so that the side plate 82 can be rotated to any angle and stay still. When the removal unit 8 is not in use, the side plate 82 can be flipped up and retracted. When it is needed, the side plate 82 and the U-shaped clamp are connected. 83 is put down, a U-shaped clamp 83 is provided on one side of the side plate 82, the inner surface of the U-shaped clamp 83 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the scraper 713, a spring 84 is fixed between one side of the U-shaped clamp 83 and one side of the side plate 82, the spring 84 is made of an alloy material with a high elastic modulus and good elastic recovery performance, such a material can generate a large elastic force under a small deformation, an L-shaped limit plate 85 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped clamp 83 through a pin shaft, and one side of the L-shaped limit plate 85 is in contact and extrusion with one side of the side plate 82.

[0045] By removing the setting of unit 8 and rotating to open the L-shaped limit plate 85, the compressed spring 2 84 quickly drives the U-shaped clip 83 to slide on the surface of the scraper 713, and then the U-shaped clip 83 scrapes off a small amount of mixture adsorbed on the scraper 713 due to static electricity, so that the scraper 713 remains clean and the flatness during scraping is ensured.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] Based on Example 2, refer to Figures 1 - 8 As shown, the present invention also discloses a preparation method of a graphitized composite porous carbon framework, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Select biomass raw materials with rich carbon sources, such as lignin, cellulose, chitosan, etc., and crush them to a certain particle size range, such as 50-100 mesh, for subsequent processing. At the same time, prepare appropriate amounts of pore-forming agents, such as ammonium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, etc., and catalysts, such as transition metal salts (ferric chloride, nickel nitrate, etc.). Dissolve the pore-forming agent and the catalyst in deionized water respectively to prepare solutions with certain concentrations. Add the crushed biomass raw materials into the pore-forming agent solution, stir well and mix evenly to make the pore-forming agent evenly adsorbed on the surface of the biomass raw materials. Then add the catalyst solution to form a mixture. Add the mixture into the hopper 513, start the second cylinder 14, and the second cylinder 14 drives the sliding seat 51 to move to the right and push it above the mold 3. Start the motor 614, and the motor 614 drives the cam 62 to rotate. When the cam 62 rotates, it drives the slider 65 and the mounting plate 68 to move left and right reciprocally. The mounting plate 68 drives the Z-shaped swing arm 54 to rotate 90 degrees clockwise and counterclockwise in a cycle. When the material box 510 rotates to the upper side, the material box 510 squeezes the touch switch 515, and the touch switch 515 opens the electric door in the hopper 513, and the mixture falls into the material box 510. When the material box 510 rotates to the horizontal state, the mixture is discharged into the mold 3 through the discharge pipe 511. At the same time, start the first electric telescopic rod 58, and the first electric telescopic rod 58 drives the mixing blade 59 to stir the mixture to improve the fluidity of the mixture;

[0049] Step 2: When the cam 62 rotates, it synchronously drives the disc 71 to rotate. The disc 71 drives the deficient gear 76 to swing around the pin shaft. Furthermore, the deficient gear 76 drives the rack 79 to move left and right reciprocally. Start the second electric telescopic rod 712, and the second electric telescopic rod 712 drives the scraper 713 to move downward. As the scraper 713 moves left and right reciprocally, the mixture in the mold 3 is leveled;

[0050] Step 3: Rotate and open the L-shaped limiting plate 85. At this time, the second spring 84 in the compressed state resets, driving the U-shaped clamp 83 to move. The U-shaped clamp 83 quickly removes the mixture adhering to the surface of the scraper 713. After waiting for the mixture to be evenly mixed and leveled, start the first cylinder 11. The first cylinder 11 drives the hot pressing plate 12 to move downward into the mold 3 to hot press the mixture. The hot pressing forming conditions are a temperature of 150 - 200 °C, a pressure of 5 - 10 MPa, and a pressure holding time of 10 - 20 minutes, finally forming a precursor. Place the formed precursor into a tube furnace and carry out carbonization treatment under the protection of an inert gas (such as nitrogen, argon). The heating rate is set to 5 - 10 °C / min. First, heat up to 300 - 400 °C and keep the temperature at this level for 1 - 2 hours to remove the moisture and volatile impurities in the precursor. Then continue to heat up to 700 - 900 °C and keep the temperature for 2 - 4 hours to preliminarily carbonize the biomass raw material and form a carbonized product with a certain pore structure.

[0051] Step 4: Take out the carbonized product and soak it in an activator solution (such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide solution) for a certain period of time, such as 1 - 3 hours, to allow the activator to fully penetrate into the pores of the carbonized product. Subsequently, put the soaked carbonized product into the tube furnace again and carry out activation treatment under the protection of an inert gas. The activation temperature is 800 - 1000 °C, the heating rate is 5 - 10 °C / min, and the heat preservation time is 1 - 2 hours. During the activation process, the activator reacts chemically with the carbonized product to further expand and enrich the pore structure and increase the specific surface area of the material.

[0052] Step 5: Transfer the activated product to a high-temperature graphitization furnace and carry out graphitization treatment under the protection of an inert gas. The graphitization temperature is 2000 - 2500 °C, the heating rate is 10 - 20 °C / min, and the heat preservation time is 0.5 - 1 hour. Through high-temperature treatment, the carbon atoms in the carbonized product are rearranged to form a graphitized structure, thereby improving the electrical conductivity and chemical stability of the material. After the graphitization treatment is completed, wait for the product to cool to room temperature, take it out and wash it repeatedly with deionized water to remove the residual activator and impurities on the surface. Then dry the washed product at 80 - 100 °C for 2 - 4 hours to obtain the final graphitized composite porous carbon framework material.

[0053] Meanwhile, the content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0054] The above has described the embodiments of the invention in detail, but the content described is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the present invention application should still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A lower template (2) is fixed on the top of the base (1), a mold (3) is fixed on the top of the lower template (2), a mounting platform (4) is fixed on the top of the lower template (2), and a quantitative material feeding and mixing circulation mechanism (5) is provided on the top of the mounting platform (4), and the quantitative material feeding and mixing circulation mechanism (5) is used to quantitatively feed the mixture into the mold (3) and then mix and circulate the process; The quantitative feeding and mixing circulation mechanism (5) comprises a slide seat (51) slidably connected to the top of the mounting platform (4); a fixed seat (52) is fixed on the top of the slide seat (51); one side of the fixed seat (52) is rotatably connected to a bevel gear 1 (53) via a rotating shaft; a Z-shaped rotating arm (54) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft of the bevel gear 1 (53); a sliding groove (55) is penetrated through the Z-shaped rotating arm (54); a rotating rod (56) is rotatably connected inside the Z-shaped rotating arm (54); a bevel gear 2 (57) is fixed on the top of the rotating rod (56); the bevel gear 1 (53) is meshed with the bevel gear 2 (57); the Z-shaped rotating arm (54) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft of the bevel gear 1 (53); a sliding groove (55) is penetrated through the Z-shaped rotating arm (54); a rotating rod (56) is rotatably connected inside the Z-shaped rotating arm (54); a bevel gear 2 (57) is fixed on the top of the rotating rod (56); the bevel gear 1 (53) is meshed with the bevel gear 2 (57); the Z-shaped rotating arm (54) is The driving component (6) controls the 90-degree clockwise and counterclockwise cyclic rotation. An electric telescopic rod (58) is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating rod (56), and a mixing blade (59) is fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (58). A material box (510) is fixed to one side of the Z-shaped rotating arm (54), and a discharge pipe (511) is connected to the bottom of the material box (510). A U-shaped plate (512) is fixed to one side of the sliding seat (51), and a hopper (513) is fixed to one side of the U-shaped plate (512). An L-shaped plate (514) is fixed to one side of the hopper (513), and a touch switch (515) is installed on one side of the L-shaped plate (514).

2. The device for preparing a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (6) comprises a vertical block (61) fixed on the top of the slide seat (51), one side of the vertical block (61) is rotatably connected to a cam (62) via a rotating shaft, two cross bars (63) are fixed to one side of the vertical block (61), a vertical plate (64) is fixed between one end of the two cross bars (63), a slider (65) is slidably connected between the outer surfaces of the two cross bars (63), a spring (66) is fixed between one side of the slider (65) and one side of the vertical plate (64), a connecting plate (67) is fixed to one side of the slider (65), a side surface of the cam (62) is in contact and extrusion with one side of the connecting plate (67), a mounting plate (68) is fixed to one side of the slider (65), and a connecting column (69) is fixed to one side of the mounting plate (68).

3. The device for preparing a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting column (69) slides in the slide groove (55), a pulley 1 (610) is fixed on the rotating shaft of the cam (62), a pulley 2 (611) is fixed on the rotating shaft of the bevel gear 1 (53), the pulley 1 (610) and the pulley 2 (611) are connected to each other through a belt (612), an L-shaped seat (613) is fixed on one side of the slide seat (51), a motor (614) is fixed on one side of the L-shaped seat (613), and the motor (614) drives the rotating shaft of the bevel gear 1 (53) to rotate.

4. The device for preparing a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide seat (51) is also provided with an automatic leveling component (7) for leveling the mixture in the mold (3). The automatic leveling component (7) comprises a disk (71) fixed to one end of the rotating shaft of the cam (62), a convex column (72) being fixed to one side of the disk (71), a folding rod (73) being fixed to one side of the slide seat (51), a swing rod (74) being rotatably connected to one side of the folding rod (73) via a pin shaft, a guide groove (75) being formed through the swing rod (74), the convex column (72) sliding in the guide groove (75), a missing gear (76) being fixed to one end of the swing rod (74), and a transverse plate (77) being fixed to one side of the slide seat (51).

5. The device for preparing a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide rail (78) is provided on the transverse plate (77), a rack (79) is slidably connected in the guide rail (78), the missing gear (76) is meshed with the rack (79), a bent rod (710) is fixed on one side of the rack (79), a square plate (711) is fixed on one end of the bent rod (710), an electric telescopic rod 2 (712) is fixed on the top of the square plate (711), and a scraper (713) is fixed on the output end of the electric telescopic rod 2 (712).

6. The device for preparing a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraper (713) is provided with a removal unit (8), and the removal unit (8) is used to remove a small amount of material adsorbed by the scraper (713) due to electrostatic action when scraping materials. The removal unit (8) comprises a connecting rod (81) fixed to one side of the scraper (713), one end of the connecting rod (81) is rotatably connected to a side plate (82), one side of the side plate (82) is provided with a U-shaped clamp (83), a spring 2 (84) is fixed between one side of the U-shaped clamp (83) and one side of the side plate (82), and an L-shaped limit plate (85) is rotatably connected to the U-shaped clamp (83) via a pin shaft, and one side of the L-shaped limit plate (85) is in contact and extrusion with one side of the side plate (82).

7. The device for preparing a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four support columns (9) are fixed on the top of the lower template (2), an upper template (10) is fixed between the tops of the four support columns (9), a cylinder one (11) is fixed on the top of the upper template (10), a hot pressing plate (12) is fixed on the output end of the cylinder one (11), a vertical plate (13) is fixed on the top of the slide (51), a cylinder two (14) is fixed on one side of the vertical plate (13), and the output end of the cylinder two (14) is fixed to one side of the slide (51).

8. A method for preparing a graphitized composite porous carbon skeleton, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Add the crushed biomass raw material into the pore-forming agent solution, stir and mix thoroughly to make the pore-forming agent uniformly adsorbed on the surface of the biomass raw material, then add the catalyst solution to form a mixture, add the mixture into the hopper (513), start the cylinder 2 (14), the cylinder 2 (14) drives the slide seat (51) to move rightward and push it to the top of the mold (3), start the motor (614), the motor (614) drives the cam (62) to rotate, and when the cam (62) rotates, it drives the slider (65) and the mounting plate (68) to move back and forth left and right, and the mounting plate ( 68) drives the Z-shaped rotating arm (54) to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise by 90 degrees. When the material box (510) rotates to the upper side, the material box (510) squeezes the touch switch (515), and the touch switch (515) opens the electric door in the hopper (513), and the mixture falls into the material box (510). When the material box (510) rotates to a horizontal state, the mixture is discharged into the mold (3) through the discharge pipe (511), and the electric telescopic rod (58) is started at the same time. The electric telescopic rod (58) drives the mixing blade (59) to stir the mixture evenly to improve the fluidity of the mixture. Step 2: When the cam (62) rotates, it synchronously drives the disc (71) to rotate, and the disc (71) drives the missing gear (76) to swing around the pin shaft, and then the missing gear (76) drives the rack (79) to reciprocate left and right, and the electric telescopic rod (712) is started. The electric telescopic rod (712) drives the scraper (713) to move downward, and as the scraper (713) reciprocates left and right, the mixture in the mold (3) is scraped flat; Step 3, the L-shaped limit plate (85) is rotated to open, and the spring 2 (84) in the compressed state is reset, driving the U-shaped clamp (83) to move, and the U-shaped clamp (83) quickly removes the mixture adhering to the surface of the scraper (713). After the mixture is mixed and scraped flat, the cylinder 1 (11) is started, and the cylinder 1 (11) drives the hot pressing plate (12) to move down into the mold (3), and the mixture is hot-pressed to finally form a precursor.

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