Preparation method of vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of plant-growing concrete for ecological slope protection, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: cement, water and pebbles are mixed according to a specified ratio to form the plant-growing concrete, the pebbles are used as coarse aggregates for preparing the plant-growing concrete, and pores are reserved as spaces and paths for extension of plant root systems; the cement is Portland cement with the strength grade of 425, the bonding strength among the coarse aggregates of the plant-growing concrete is guaranteed in the stage from the initial setting stage to the final setting stage of the coarse aggregates of the plant-growing concrete, and the specified ratio of the cement to the water to the stones is 1: 025: 45; the concrete surface reinforcing agent is used as an additive for mixing, so that the structural stability of the plant-growing concrete is improved; and after the mixing is completed, mixing the grass seeds of the cynodon dactylon with specified weight into each cubic meter of the plant-growing concrete, and uniformly mixing, so that the grass seeds are uniformly mixed into the plant-growing concrete, thereby completing the preparation of the plant-growing concrete. The slope protection grid formed by pouring the plant-growing concrete is good in effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of construction engineering construction, and particularly relates to a preparation method of vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection. Background Art

[0002] There are often high soil slopes on both sides of infrastructure such as highways and waterways. Compared with high rock slopes, high soil slopes are more likely to cause landslides and collapses during periods of large precipitation or when disturbed during construction and operation stages, resulting in slope instability. At the same time, due to infrastructure construction, the vegetation in the slope area is damaged, and the scarcity of slope vegetation or the reduction of vegetation under the influence of human development leads to an increase in the water content of the slope soil during heavy rainfall, forming a water-rich high slope, which is not conducive to construction during the rainy season. High slopes are prone to soil erosion under the cyclic action of rainfall and sun exposure and weathering, which is not conducive to the long-term stability of high slopes.

[0003] The conventional slope protection method is to open trenches on the high soil slopes on both sides of infrastructure such as highways and waterways and pour concrete to form a reinforcement structure for protection. This kind of concrete is just conventional concrete and does not take into account the actual situation. Under the long-term scouring of water flow, part of the soil will still be lost. Therefore, it is necessary to consider preparing a kind of concrete for ecological slope protection that takes into account the protection of plant roots to ensure the long-term stability of the reinforcement protection system.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to invent a preparation method of vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a preparation method of vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection, wherein the preparation method includes:

[0006] Mix vegetation concrete with cement, water and stones in a specified ratio. Among them, the stones are used as the coarse aggregate for preparing the vegetation concrete to leave pores as the space and path for the extension of plant roots. The cement is Portland cement with a strength grade of 425. During the initial setting to final setting stage of the vegetation concrete with coarse aggregate, ensure the bonding strength between the coarse aggregates of the vegetation concrete, and the specified ratio is cement: water: stones = 1: 0.25: 4.5;

[0007] Use a concrete surface strengthening agent as an admixture for mixing to improve the structural stability of the vegetation concrete;

[0008] After mixing is completed, add a specified weight of Cynodon dactylon grass seeds per cubic meter of vegetation concrete, and then mix evenly to make the grass seeds evenly mixed into the vegetation concrete to complete the preparation of the vegetation concrete.

[0009] Further, the amount of cement used per cubic meter of vegetation concrete is 360 kg, the amount of fresh water used per cubic meter of vegetation concrete is 90 kg, and the amount of fresh water used per cubic meter of vegetation concrete is 90 kg.

[0010] Further, the gravel is well-graded gravel with a particle size of 15-30 mm, and flaky gravel is removed from the gravel.

[0011] Further, the amount of concrete surface enhancer added per cubic meter of vegetation concrete is 1 kg, and the amount of bermudagrass seeds incorporated per cubic meter of vegetation concrete is 100 g.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an application of a preparation method of vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection, wherein, after completing the construction of multiple slope toe stabilizations on multiple stepped levels graded on the slope, the vegetation concrete prepared by the preparation method of vegetation concrete according to any one of claims 1-4 is applied to pour and form a slope protection grid with ecological interlocking blocks.

[0013] Further, completing the construction of multiple slope toe stabilizations on multiple stepped levels graded on the slope includes:

[0014] S1. On a high and steep soil slope with an elevation of N1 meters, one stepped level is set every N2 meters of elevation reduction, and a stepped working board is laid on each stepped level;

[0015] S2. Using the stepped working board as the working surface, one anti-sliding pile is set every N3 meters in the walking direction of the stepped level;

[0016] S3. Adopting the "retreat method" to excavate the side ditch trenches for water collection and drainage on each stepped level, and installing precast wing plates on the side of the side ditch trenches and then pouring the cast-in-place bottom plate to form the slope toe stabilization;

[0017] S4. Respectively opening a first reserved hole as the slope surface drainage ditch and a second reserved hole as the side ditch drain pipe on the precast wing plates on the side of each side ditch trench;

[0018] S5. Excavating trenches every N4 meters on the slope surfaces of each graded slope to form slope surface drainage ditches for drainage.

[0019] Further, forming a slope protection grid with ecological interlocking blocks includes:

[0020] S6. Using the prepared vegetation concrete to pour the longitudinal grid ribs and transverse grid ribs of the slope protection grid in sequence to form the slope protection grid;

[0021] S7. Paving multiple ecological interlocking blocks in a wedged and mutually engaged form in the slope protection grid, and putting grass seeds into the N9 empty grass planting holes opened in each block.

[0022] Further, the precast wing plate is L-shaped, and the included angle between the side and the bottom is the same as the angle of the side ditch groove. The precast wing plate is made of precast concrete.

[0023] The precast wing plate is provided with a wing plate strengthening corner at the corner of the structure, and an arc-shaped inner corner is formed at the corner.

[0024] A wing plate stiffening rib is arranged at an interval of N5 meters on the inner side of each section of the precast wing plate. When the precast wing plate is precast, the wing plate stiffening rib and the precast wing plate are integrally cast and precast to form a whole.

[0025] Each precast wing plate is provided with 4 embedded lifting points, which are evenly and symmetrically arranged in space. The distances from the 4 embedded lifting points to the longitudinal symmetry axis are all N6 meters. During hoisting, the cable is suspended through the 4 embedded lifting points to adjust the spatial orientation of the precast wing plate so that the precast wing plate can be installed closely against the side ditch groove.

[0026] Further, in step S4, before opening the first reserved hole and the second reserved hole, it further includes: taking an arch and repairing the slope at intervals of N4 meters on the cast-in-place bottom plate.

[0027] In step S4, specifically opening the first reserved hole and the second reserved hole includes:

[0028] On one side of the precast wing plate in the side ditch groove, a hole is opened every N7 meters as the first reserved hole for the slope drainage ditch, and on the other side of the precast wing plate in the side ditch groove, a hole is opened every N8 meters as the second reserved hole for the side ditch drain pipe. Among them, the first reserved hole is located above the second reserved hole, and the second reserved hole is located at the elevation of 0 of the drainage slope formed by taking the arch and repairing the slope.

[0029] In addition, after each reserved hole is opened, a side ditch cover plate is covered on the constructed water collection and drainage side ditch.

[0030] Further, in step S5, forming the slope drainage ditch includes:

[0031] On each graded slope surface, a groove is excavated every N4 meters. The bottom of the groove is fully covered with geotextile, and a specified length is closely laid on each side wall of the groove as the water-proof and anti-seepage layer of the slope drainage ditch.

[0032] A sand cushion layer is laid on the geotextile, and medium sand with a specified fineness modulus and average particle size is laid flat along the direction of the slope drainage ditch.

[0033] A slope drain pipe is installed in the middle of the sand cushion layer as the water collection and drainage channel of the slope drainage ditch. After installation, a graded gravel covering layer is filled in the remaining space of the slope drainage ditch, and it is filled and compacted with graded gravel.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] The present invention provides a preparation method of vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection. The prepared vegetation concrete has high strength, and the combined ecological slope protection structure of "slope protection grid + ecological interlocking blocks" formed by its application, compared with the slope protection grid of ordinary concrete and solid ballast blocks, under the dual slope protection effects of the gravity ballast of "slope protection grid of vegetation concrete + ecological interlocking blocks" and the soil fixation by plant roots, not only improves the slope stability, but also can improve and repair the ecological environment through vegetation protection. At the same time, with the continuous growth of plant roots, the soil body can be reinforced from the source, preventing soil erosion and slope instability failure.

[0036] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and part of them will become obvious from the specification, or be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures pointed out in the specification, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0038] Figure 1 Shows a flowchart of a preparation method of vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 Shows a structural schematic diagram of high-steep slope graded excavation and slope slip surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 Shows a top view of a stepped working platform and anti-slide piles according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 Shows a structural schematic diagram after the construction of slope toe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 Shows a detailed structural schematic diagram of slope toe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 Shows a structural schematic diagram of a hoisting auxiliary device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 Shows according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of slope drain pipe and slope drainage ditch in the side direction;

[0045] Figure 8 shows a schematic structural view of a slope protection grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 shows a schematic structural view of an ecological interlocking block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 10 shows a schematic structural view of ecological interlocking blocks formed by wedge embedding and interlocking with each other. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a preparation method of vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection. Vegetation concrete is prepared by mixing cement, water, and stones in a specified ratio. Among them, the stones are used as the coarse aggregate for preparing vegetation concrete to leave pores as the space and path for the extension of plant roots. The cement is Portland cement with a strength grade of 42.5. During the initial setting to final setting stage of the vegetation concrete with coarse aggregate, the bonding strength between the coarse aggregates of the vegetation concrete is ensured, and the specified ratio is cement: water: stones = 1: 0.25: 4.5;

[0050] By using a concrete surface strengthening agent as an admixture for mixing, the structural stability of the vegetation concrete is improved;

[0051] After the mixing is completed, a specified weight of Cynodon dactylon grass seeds is incorporated into each cubic meter of vegetation concrete, and then mixed evenly to make the grass seeds evenly mixed into the vegetation concrete, thus completing the preparation of the vegetation concrete.

[0052] The following gives an explanation of the entire preparation of the vegetation concrete.

[0053] To produce vegetation concrete, it specifically includes: The vegetation concrete is constructed by means of on-site mixing and then pouring. The mix ratio of the vegetation concrete is as follows: cement: water: stones = 1: 0.25: 4.5.

[0054] Without using medium sand and coarse sand, the concrete mixed therefrom only uses stones as aggregate. There is no medium sand and coarse sand filling on the surface and inside of the vegetation concrete, and more pores can be left as the space and path for the extension of plant roots. While the plant roots play the role of supporting the voids of the vegetation concrete instead of the fine aggregate support of medium and coarse sand, it provides a path for the extension of plant roots to closely combine with the surrounding soil. Through the connection of plant roots, the slope protection vegetation concrete structure and the slope soil form a whole, further enhancing the slope stability.

[0055] The cement used in the vegetation concrete mixed from specified proportions of cement, water and stones is ordinary Portland cement with a strength grade of 42.5. During the initial setting to final setting stage of the vegetation concrete without fine aggregate, to ensure the bonding strength between the coarse aggregates of the vegetation concrete, the amount of cement used per cubic meter of vegetation concrete is, for example, 360 kg. The stones used for mixing the vegetation concrete are, for example, well-graded stones with a particle size of 15 - 30 mm. Flaky stones should be removed from the stones so that the stones of different particle sizes can maintain an effective "biting force" through reasonable grading and support each other to ensure the stability of the concrete structure. The amount of well-graded stones with a particle size of 15 - 30 mm used per cubic meter of vegetation concrete is, for example, 1620 kg, and the amount of fresh water used per cubic meter of vegetation concrete for mixing is, for example, 90 kg. The admixture of the vegetation concrete is a concrete surface strengthening agent. When mixing the vegetation concrete, 1 kg of the concrete surface strengthening agent is added per cubic meter of vegetation concrete and mixed evenly. Through the concrete surface strengthening agent, the vegetation concrete can maintain a relatively high strength during the initial setting to final setting stage, improving the stability of the vegetation concrete structure. After the vegetation concrete is mixed, 100 g (for example, Bermuda grass seeds) of grass seeds of a specified weight are incorporated into each cubic meter of vegetation concrete, and then mixed evenly to make the grass seeds evenly mixed into the vegetation concrete, completing the preparation of the vegetation concrete.

[0056] In addition, in some embodiments of the present invention, an application of a preparation method of vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection is also provided, including after completing the construction of multiple slope toe stabilizers on multiple stepped levels graded on the slope, using the vegetation concrete prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of vegetation concrete to pour and form a slope protection grid 11 with ecological interlocking blocks.

[0057] Among them, completing the construction of multiple slope toe stabilizers on multiple stepped levels graded on the slope includes:

[0058] S1. High-steep slope graded excavation: On a high-steep soil slope at an elevation of N1 meters, a step is set every time the elevation is reduced by N2 meters, and a step working board 2 is laid on each step;

[0059] S2. Anti-slide pile construction: Using the step working board 2 as the working surface, 1 anti-slide pile 3 is set every N3 meters along the direction of the step;

[0060] S3. Construction of the slope toe: Using the "retreat method", excavate the side ditch trench 5.1 for water collection and drainage on each step, and pour the cast-in-place bottom slab 5.5 after installing the precast wing plate 5.2 on the side of the side ditch trench 5.1 to form the slope toe 5;

[0061] S4. Construction of the water collection and drainage side ditch: On the precast wing plate 5.2 on the side of each side ditch trench 5.1, respectively open the first reserved hole 5.2.4 as the slope surface drainage ditch 6 and the second reserved hole 5.2.5 as the side ditch drain pipe 5.6;

[0062] S5. Construction of the slope surface drainage ditch: Excavate trenches at intervals of N4 meters on each graded slope surface to form the slope surface drainage ditch 6, and install slope surface drain pipes for drainage.

[0063] Among them, to form the slope protection grid 11 with ecological interlocking blocks, it includes:

[0064] S6. Construction of the slope protection grid: Use the prepared vegetation concrete to pour the longitudinal grid ribs 11.1 and the transverse grid ribs 11.2 of the slope protection grid in sequence to form the slope protection grid 11;

[0065] S7. Construction of the ecological interlocking block combined slope protection structure: Lay a plurality of ecological interlocking blocks 12 in the slope protection grid 11 in a wedged and interlocking form, and put grass seeds into the N9 empty grass planting holes 12.1 opened in each block.

[0066] The above steps S1 - S7 are described in detail below.

[0067] 1. Step-by-step excavation of the high-steep slope

[0068] For the overall protection and reinforcement of high-steep soil slopes, the design and construction are difficult. The range of the slope slip surface of high-steep soil slopes is relatively large. When carrying out overall protection and reinforcement, it is necessary for the anchoring device to penetrate the slope slip surface, and at the same time, it is required that the gravity of the slope surface ballast device is large to meet the requirements of the overall stability of the slope surface. The consumption of slope protection materials is large, which is not conducive to the long-term stability of high-steep slopes and does not meet the requirements of green construction and resource conservation.

[0069] Therefore, the present invention conducts step-by-step excavation of high-steep soil slopes. By setting slope grading steps, the high-steep soil slopes are divided into several small slopes, and slope protection and reinforcement are carried out separately. Vertically on the high-steep soil slope, a slope grading step is set at every set distance of elevation.

[0070] Taking a high and steep soil slope with an elevation of 30m as an example, it is illustrated as follows: From the top of the slope downwards, a step is set every 8m of elevation reduction. That is, at an elevation of 22m, it is the first - level step 1.1, and the small slope segmented above it is the first - level slope; at an elevation of 14m, it is the second - level step 1.2, and the small slope segmented above it is the second - level slope; at an elevation of 6m, it is the third - level step 1.3, and the small slope segmented above it is the third - level slope. The width of the slope - grading step 1 is 1.5m. The excess soil above each step is cut off, and the slope surface is leveled to form several small slopes. The slope - grading steps integrate multiple functions: as the boundary for high - and - steep soil - slope grading, they divide the high - and - steep soil slope into several small slopes. At the same time, they can be used as construction operation work surfaces for personnel and machinery operation, provide pile - sinking positions for the anti - slide piles 3 of the high - and - steep slope, and also serve as the toe - stabilizing and water - collecting and drainage ditch placement areas for the small slopes, making the most of the limited horizontal area of the slope surface.

[0071] 2. Construction of anti - slide piles

[0072] Laying step working plates 2 on the first - level step 1.1, the second - level step 1.2, and the third - level step 1.3. As Figure 3 shown, steel plates with a width of 1.5m and a length of 5m are used as the step working plates 2, and each step working plate 2 is laid at an interval of 1m, reserving space for the construction of the anti - slide piles 3. Construction personnel and machinery can use the step working plates 2 as the working surface to carry out the construction of the anti - slide piles 3 for the high - and - steep slope. The anti - slide piles 3 are bored cast - in - place piles with a pile diameter of 600mm. One anti - slide pile 3 is set every N3 meters (for example, 5 meters) along the direction of the step. The anti - slide piles 3 penetrate the slope sliding surface 4.2 after grading to ensure the anchoring effect on the soil mass above the slope sliding surface 4.2 after grading and enhance the anti - sliding stability of the slope. Among them, the pile top elevation of the anti - slide piles 3 is flush with the corresponding step 1 and can be used as the support for the gutter cover plate 5.7 in the later stage. Among them, Figure 2 in it, label 4.1 is the original slope sliding surface, and labels 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5 are the first - level, second - level, and third - level slope sliding surfaces respectively.

[0073] 3. Construction of slope toe - stabilization

[0074] Using the "retreat method" to excavate the gutter trenches 5.1 for water - collecting and drainage on each step, including: After the excavator is in place, remove a step working plate 2 in front of the excavator bucket and excavate the gutter trenches 5.1 to form an isosceles trapezoid as Figure 4 shown, with a top width of 1.5m, a bottom width of 1.2m, and a height of 1m. After excavation, the excavator moves back a step - working - plate 2 step distance and continues excavation.

[0075] After excavation, flatten and compact each side of the gutter trenches 5.1 to provide a foundation for the installation of the precast wing plates 5.2.

[0076] The slope footing 5 of the integrated water collection and drainage ditch is constructed using a combined structural construction method of "prefabricated wing plate + cast-in-place bottom plate" combining "assembly + post-casting". The wing plates on both sides of the water collection and drainage ditch are assembled concrete components, and the bottom plate is cast-in-place concrete. This avoids the inconvenience of lifting due to the heavy weight of the integral prefabricated components, and also avoids the complicated process of supporting, maintaining and dismantling the ditch side wing plates during integral cast-in-place construction, thereby improving construction efficiency and saving construction time.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, the structure of the prefabricated wing panel 5.2 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the overall structure is L-shaped, with a height of 1m and a bottom length of 0.2m. The angle between the side and the bottom is the same as the angle of the side ditch 5.1. The main body of the prefabricated wing plate 5.2 is 6cm thick and is prefabricated with concrete with a strength not less than C30 to ensure that the strength of the lightweight component meets the requirements. The prefabricated wing plate 5.2 is provided with a wing plate reinforcement corner 5.2.3 at the corner of the structure, with a thickness of 15cm. By forming an arc-shaped inner corner at the corner, the structural strength of the prefabricated wing plate 5.2 at the turning position is increased to avoid damage to the weak position of the component due to collision during the hoisting and installation process.

[0078] In order to facilitate on-site hoisting and installation, the length of each prefabricated wing panel 5.2 is set to 3m, and a wing panel stiffening rib 5.2.1 is set at an interval of N5 meters (for example, 1m) inside each prefabricated wing panel 5.2, that is, two wing panel stiffening ribs 5.2.1 are evenly arranged on each prefabricated wing panel 5.2, and the wing panel stiffening ribs 5.2.1 are 5cm thick and 20cm wide, which are used to enhance the structural strength of the long side of the prefabricated wing panel 5.2 to avoid cracking of the long side concrete of the prefabricated wing panel 5.2 due to collision during hoisting and installation. When the prefabricated wing panel 5.2 is prefabricated, the wing panel stiffening ribs 5.2.1 and the prefabricated wing panel 5.2 are cast and prefabricated to form a whole.

[0079] In order to facilitate the hoisting and installation of the prefabricated wing panel 5.2, a pre-embedded lifting point 5.2.2 is provided in the prefabricated wing panel 5.2 to provide a fulcrum for the hoisting of the lifting equipment. Each prefabricated wing panel 5.2 is provided with 4 pre-embedded lifting points 5.2.2, which are evenly and symmetrically arranged in space. The 4 pre-embedded lifting points 5.2.2 are all N6 meters away from the longitudinal symmetry axis, for example, 1m. At this time, the upper 2 pre-embedded lifting points 5.2.2 are 5cm away from the long upper edge line, and the lower 2 pre-embedded lifting points 5.2.2 are 10cm away from the short side outer edge line. During hoisting, the cables are connected through the 4 pre-embedded lifting points to adjust the spatial orientation of the prefabricated wing panel 5.2 so that the prefabricated wing panel 5.2 can be installed close to the side ditch groove 5.1.

[0080] Before installing the precast wing plate 5.2, a geotextile is fully laid on the inner side of the side ditch trench 5.1 as a water barrier for the side ditch trench. The geotextile is tightly laid along the inner wall of the side ditch trench 5.1, and both ends extend (for example, 50 cm) and are inserted into the soil layer to fix the geotextile. The water barrier for the side ditch trench forms an integral water barrier between the precast wing plate 5.2 and the side ditch trench 5.1, which can effectively prevent the water collected in the side ditch trench 5.1 from seeping into the soil layer again along the gap. After the water barrier for the side ditch trench is laid, the precast wing plate 5.2 is hoisted and installed.

[0081] The precast wing plate 5.2 is hoisted and installed by using a hoisting auxiliary device 5.4. The structure of the hoisting auxiliary device 5.4 is as Figure 6 shown, which includes a steel I-beam with a length of 1.5 m welded with lifting holes. Two cable holes 5.4.1 are symmetrically welded on the lower flange of the steel I-beam, and the distance between the two cable holes 5.4.1 is 0.3 m. One crane hole 5.4.2 is centered and welded on the upper flange of the steel I-beam. Among them, the hoisting and installation of the precast wing plate 5.2 includes:

[0082] As Figure 6 shown, a cable is sequentially passed through one of the embedded lifting points 5.2.2 on the long side of the precast wing plate 5.2, one of the cable holes 5.4.1 on the lower flange of the steel I-beam, and one of the embedded lifting points 5.2.2 on the short side of the precast wing plate 5.2. The two ends of the cable are fixed at one of the embedded lifting points 5.2.2 on the long side and one of the embedded lifting points 5.2.2 on the short side of the precast wing plate 5.2. Then, another cable is sequentially passed through the other embedded lifting point 5.2.2 on the long side of the precast wing plate 5.2, the other cable hole 5.4.1 on the lower flange of the steel I-beam, and the other embedded lifting point 5.2.2 on the short side of the precast wing plate 5.2. The two ends of the cable are fixed at the other embedded lifting point 5.2.2 on the long side and the other embedded lifting point 5.2.2 on the short side of the precast wing plate 5.2;

[0083] The precast wing plate 5.2 is lifted through the crane hole 5.4.2. By adjusting the position of the steel I-beam on the cable, the spatial angle of the precast wing plate 5.2 can be adjusted to make the precast wing plate 5.2 parallel to the side of the side ditch trench 5.1 for installation close to the side of the side ditch trench 5.1.

[0084] After the installation of the precast wing plate 5.2 is completed, the cast-in-place bottom plate 5.5 is poured. The cast-in-place bottom plate 5.5 is poured in the inner space of the precast wing plate 5.2 and is poured to a specified height, not exceeding the height of the side ditch trench 5.1, such as one-third of the height of the side ditch trench 5.1. The cast-in-place bottom plate 5.5 adopts the construction method of concrete casting. After forming, the construction of the slope toe 5 is completed. The slope toe 5 integrates three functions:

[0085] 1. First, as the side ditch bottom plate (i.e., the cast-in-place bottom plate) for water collection and drainage, it connects the two precast wing plates 5.2 into an integral whole, prevents the water in the side ditch from seeping downward, and has organized centralized drainage.

[0086] 2. As the toe of each level of the slope after grading, under the self-weight of the mass concrete, it is used to reinforce the steps after slope grading, resist the sliding trend of the upper soil mass, and converge the sliding surfaces of each level of the slope with the sliding surface 4.2 of the graded slope, playing a role in ensuring the stability of the slope.

[0087] 3. As the capping beam of the anti-slide pile 3, it connects all the anti-slide piles 3 of the steps after grading the same slope into a whole, forming the effect of group piles cooperating to resist sliding. Compared with single piles each undertaking the anti-slide task, it enhances the overall anti-slide effect of the anti-slide pile 3 and effectively improves the reinforcement effect of the anti-slide pile 3 on the slope.

[0088] The cast-in-place bottom slab 5.5 is poured with concrete of C15 strength and has a thickness of 50 cm to ensure that the self-weight of the concrete can meet the ballast requirements for the steps and at the same time meet the anchorage length for the anti-slide pile 3, enhancing the grip force of the cast-in-place bottom slab 5.5 on the anti-slide pile 3 of the high and steep slope. After pouring, it is vibrated and cured. After the concrete reaches the design strength, the slope is repaired with cement mortar.

[0089] 4. Construction of the catchment and drainage side ditch

[0090] Taking a specified distance, such as 60 m, as a section to form an arched slope for drainage, as Figure 7 shown. The middle position of the drainage slope is raised by 10 cm based on the original concrete top elevation and gradually decreases the elevation to 0 at a uniform rate for 30 m lengths on both sides, thus forming a drainage slope, which is conducive to the rapid and organized drainage of the catchment and drainage side ditch. At the same time, the gaps existing in the lap joint of the precast wing plate 5.2 are filled with cement mortar.

[0091] After the construction of the cast-in-place bottom slab 5.5 is completed, an arched slope is formed on the cast-in-place bottom slab 5.5 at a section of N4 meters; and the first reserved hole 5.2.4 and the second reserved hole 5.2.5 are opened, specifically including:

[0092] On one side of the precast wing plate 5.2 in the side ditch trench 5.1, a hole is opened every N7 meters (for example, 10 m) as the first reserved hole 5.2.4 of the slope drainage ditch 6, and on the other side of the precast wing plate 5.2 in the side ditch trench 5.1, a hole is opened every N8 meters as the second reserved hole 5.2.5 of the side ditch drain pipe 5.6, that is, the example is as follows:

[0093] At the position where the elevation of the drainage slope for arching and slope repair is 0, on the side close to the laying of the side ditch drainage pipe 5.6, a hole with a diameter of 20 cm is opened as the second reserved hole 5.2.5 of the side ditch drainage pipe 5.6, and a side ditch drainage pipe 5.6 is set every 60 m. Taking the center at 10 cm above the highest point of the elevation of the arching and slope repair as the center, a hole with a diameter of 20 cm is opened on the side close to the slope surface drainage ditch 6, and a hole with a diameter of 20 cm is opened every 10 m on both sides as the first reserved hole 5.2.4 of the slope surface drainage ditch 6. A slope surface drainage ditch 6 is set every 10 m. Subsequently, the slope surface drainage ditch 6 can be positioned and installed according to the opened first reserved hole 5.2.4. The side ditch drainage pipe 5.6 is connected to the side ditch drainage pipe 5.6 after the drainage pipe extends out of the slope toe 5 through the second reserved hole 5.2.5. The side ditch drainage pipe 5.6 is made of a PVC pipe with a diameter of 20 cm, and the side ditch drainage pipe 5.6 extends from top to bottom, so that the collected water can be drained to the lowest place through the side ditch drainage pipe 5.6.

[0094] After the opening of each reserved hole is completed, the side ditch cover plate 5.7 is covered on the constructed water collection and drainage side ditch (that is, on the side ditch trench 5.1). The side ditch cover plate 5.7 is precast with C30 strength concrete with a thickness of 6 cm. Supported by the precast wing plate 5.2 and the anti-slide pile 3, the side ditch cover plate 5.7 can provide an operation platform for the personnel and machinery for the subsequent construction of the slope surface drainage ditch 6.

[0095] As Figure 7 shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first reserved hole 5.2.4 is located above the second reserved hole 5.2.5, and the second reserved hole 5.2.5 is located at the position where the elevation of the drainage slope formed by the arching and slope repair is 0.

[0096] 5. Construction of slope surface drainage ditch

[0097] On each graded slope surface, a trench with a width of 50 cm and a depth of 50 cm is excavated every N4 (for example, 10 m). The bottom of the trench is fully covered with geotextile, and the width of the geotextile is, for example, 70 cm. On the two side walls of the trench, a specified height (for example, 10 cm) is tightly laid on each side as the water-proof and anti-seepage layer of the slope surface drainage ditch 6, effectively ensuring that the collected water is drained in an organized and concentrated manner along the direction of the slope surface drainage ditch 6.

[0098] Lay a ditch sand cushion layer on the geotextile. Use medium sand with a specified fineness modulus of 3.0 - 2.3 and an average particle size of 0.5 - 0.35 mm to lay flat along the slope drainage ditch 6. The thickness is, for example, 10 cm. Install a slope drain pipe in the middle of the sand cushion layer as the main channel for water collection and drainage of the slope drainage ditch 6. The lower end of the slope drain pipe of the slope drainage ditch penetrates into the first reserved hole 5.2.4. After the installation of the slope drain pipe is completed, fill the remaining space of the slope drainage ditch 6 with a graded crushed stone covering layer. Use graded crushed stone of 1 - 30 mm to fill and compact. The sand cushion layer, the slope drain pipe, and the graded crushed stone covering layer of the slope drainage ditch together form the slope drainage ditch 6. The pore water in the surface soil layer of the slope, under the action of the water head difference, seeps into the slope drain pipe through the voids in the graded crushed stone covering layer of the slope drainage ditch, and completes centralized and organized drainage along the slope direction through the slope drain pipe. While improving the slope drainage efficiency, it reduces the uneven settlement and soil erosion of the slope caused by uneven drainage consolidation. It also provides a working surface for the construction of the ecological slope protection structure in the later stage.

[0099] 6. Construction of the slope protection grid

[0100] Excavate grooves with a width of 50 cm and a depth of 50 cm at intervals of N10 meters (for example, 6 m) longitudinally and transversely on the slopes of each level for pouring the slope protection grid 11 of the vegetation concrete. Set up side formworks in each groove. The formwork is made of steel plate, with a height of, for example, 65 cm, of which 5 cm is inserted into the soil layer for anchoring and fixing the formwork, and the formwork is higher than the slope surface by a specified distance (for example, 10 cm) for supporting the pouring of the vegetation concrete above the slope surface.

[0101] First pour the longitudinal grid ribs 11.1 with the mixed vegetation concrete, and then pour the transverse grid ribs 11.2. When pouring, pour in sections from bottom to top to prevent the concrete from sliding and segregating due to the too-steep slope surface. After the vegetation concrete reaches the final setting, sprinkle water for maintenance every specified number of days (for example, 2 days), which is not only beneficial to improving the concrete strength but also can promote the growth of grass seeds in the pores of the vegetation concrete and timely fill the pores of the vegetation concrete.

[0102] After the vegetation concrete reaches the specified strength and the maintenance is completed, remove the concrete formwork. As Figure 8 shown, lay ecological interlocking blocks 12 in each slope protection grid 11 with a size of, for example, 6m * 6m surrounded by the longitudinal grid ribs 11.1 and the transverse grid ribs 11.2.

[0103] 7. Construction of the ecological interlocking block combined slope protection structure

[0104] The shape of the ecological interlocking block 12 is as Figure 9 shown. The ecological interlocking blocks 12 are laid in a wedge-inserted and mutually occluding form to form Figure 10In the schematic structure shown, after the ecological interlocking blocks 12 are paved, 2g of grass seeds (for example, Cynodon dactylon seeds) are placed in the N9 (for example, 5) hollow grass-planting holes 12.1 opened in the middle of each ecological interlocking block 12. The grass seeds have space and paths to grow downward through the hollow grass-planting holes 12.1, and together with the ecological interlocking blocks 12, they play the role of protecting the slope and reinforcing the slope soil. At the same time, the interlacing of grass roots makes the slope protection grid 11 of the vegetation concrete and the ecological interlocking blocks 12 closely connected as a whole through the grass roots, playing the role of synergistically reinforcing the slope, preventing the slope from becoming unstable and preventing soil erosion.

[0105] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection, wherein: The preparation method comprises: The vegetation concrete is mixed with cement, water and gravel in a specified ratio, wherein gravel is used as coarse aggregate for preparing the vegetation concrete, and pores are left as spaces and paths for the extension of plant roots. The cement is silicate cement with a strength grade of 42.

5. During the initial setting to final setting stage of the vegetation concrete with coarse aggregate, the bonding strength between the coarse aggregates of the vegetation concrete is ensured, and the specified ratio is cement: water: gravel = 1:0.25:4.5; The structural stability of the vegetation concrete can be improved by using concrete surface enhancer as an admixture for mixing; After the mixing is completed, a specified weight of Bermuda grass seeds is added to each cubic meter of the vegetation concrete, and then mixed evenly to make the grass seeds evenly mixed into the vegetation concrete, thereby completing the preparation of the vegetation concrete.

2. The method for preparing the vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection according to claim 1, wherein: The amount of cement used in every cubic meter of vegetation concrete is 360kg, the amount of clean water used in every cubic meter of vegetation concrete is 90kg, and the amount of clean water used in every cubic meter of vegetation concrete is 90kg.

3. The method for preparing the vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection according to claim 1, wherein: The stones are well-graded stones with a particle size of 15-30 mm, and flaky stones are removed from the stones.

4. The method for preparing the vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection according to claim 1, wherein: The amount of concrete surface enhancer added to each cubic meter of vegetation concrete is 1 kg, and the amount of Bermuda grass seeds added to each cubic meter of vegetation concrete is 100 g.

5. Application of a method for preparing vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection, wherein: The method comprises the following steps: after completing the construction of a plurality of slope footings on the graded multi-steps on the slope, using the vegetated concrete prepared by the vegetated concrete preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to cast a slope protection grid (11) having ecological interlocking blocks.

6. Application of the method for preparing the vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection according to claim 5, wherein: The construction of multiple slope footings is completed on the multi-stepped steps on the slope, including: S1. On a steep soil slope with an elevation of N1 meter, a step is set up every time the elevation is lowered by N2 meters, and a step working plate (2) is laid on each step; S2, using the step working plate (2) as the working surface, setting an anti-slip pile (3) every N3 meters along the direction of the step; S3, using the "backward method" to dig a side ditch (5.1) for collecting and draining water on each step, and installing a prefabricated wing plate (5.2) on the side of the side ditch (5.1) and then pouring a cast-in-place bottom plate (5.5) to form a slope footing (5); S4, respectively opening a first reserved hole (5.2.4) as a slope drainage ditch (6) and a second reserved hole (5.2.5) as a side ditch drainage pipe (5.6) on the prefabricated wing plate (5.2) on the side of each side ditch groove (5.1); S5. Dig trenches at intervals of N4 meters on the slope surface of each graded side slope to form slope drainage ditches (6) for drainage.

7. Application of the method for preparing the vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection according to claim 5, wherein: A slope protection grid (11) with ecological interlocking blocks is formed, comprising: S6. Using the prepared vegetation concrete, the longitudinal grid stems (11.1) and the transverse grid stems (11.2) of the slope protection grid are successively poured to form the slope protection grid (11); S7. A plurality of ecological interlocking blocks (12) are laid in the slope protection grid (11) in a wedging and mutually interlocking manner, and grass seeds are placed in N9 empty grass planting holes (12.1) opened in each block.

8. Application of the method for preparing the vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection according to claim 7, wherein: The prefabricated wing plate (5.2) is L-shaped, and the angle between the side and the bottom is the same as the angle of the side ditch groove (5.1). The prefabricated wing plate (5.2) is prefabricated with concrete; The prefabricated wing plate (5.2) is provided with a wing plate reinforcement corner (5.2.3) at the corner of the structure, and an arc-shaped inner corner is formed at the corner; A wing plate stiffening rib (5.2.1) is arranged at intervals of N5 meters on the inner side of each prefabricated wing plate (5.2). When the prefabricated wing plate (5.2) is prefabricated, the wing plate stiffening rib (5.2.1) and the prefabricated wing plate (5.2) are cast and prefabricated as a whole; Each prefabricated wing panel (5.2) is provided with 4 pre-buried hanging points (5.2.2), which are evenly and symmetrically arranged in space. The 4 pre-buried hanging points (5.2.2) are all N6 meters away from the longitudinal symmetry axis. During the hoisting, the cables are hoisted through the 4 pre-buried hanging points to adjust the spatial orientation of the prefabricated wing panel (5.2) so that the prefabricated wing panel (5.2) can be installed closely to the side ditch groove (5.1).

9. Application of the method for preparing the vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection according to claim 7, wherein: In step S4, before the first reserved hole (5.2.4) and the second reserved hole (5.2.5) are opened, the step further includes: arching and slope repairing on the cast-in-place bottom plate (5.5) with a length of N4 meters; In step S4, opening the first reserved hole (5.2.4) and the second reserved hole (5.2.5) specifically includes: A hole is opened at intervals of N7 meters on a prefabricated wing plate (5.2) on one side of the side ditch groove (5.1) as a first reserved hole (5.2.4) of the slope drainage ditch (6), and a hole is opened at intervals of N8 meters on a prefabricated wing plate (5.2) on the other side of the side ditch groove (5.1) as a second reserved hole (5.2.5) of the side ditch drainage pipe (5.6), wherein the first reserved hole (5.2.4) is located above the second reserved hole (5.2.5), and the second reserved hole (5.2.5) is located at the elevation 0 of the drainage slope formed by arching and slope repair; In addition, after the reserved holes are opened, a side ditch cover plate (5.7) is covered on the completed water collection and drainage side ditch.

10. Application of the method for preparing the vegetation concrete for ecological slope protection according to claim 7, wherein: In step S5, forming a slope drainage ditch includes: On each graded slope, a trench is excavated at intervals of N4, the bottom of the trench is fully covered with geotextile, and a specified length of geotextile is laid closely on the trench walls on both sides of the trench to serve as a water-proof and anti-seepage layer for the slope drainage ditch (6); Laying a sand cushion layer on the geotextile, using medium sand with a specified fineness modulus and average particle size to lay flat along the slope drainage ditch (6); A slope drainage pipe is installed in the center of the sand cushion layer as a channel for collecting and draining water in the slope drainage ditch (6). After the installation is completed, a graded crushed stone covering layer is filled in the remaining space of the slope drainage ditch (6), and the graded crushed stone is used for filling and compacting.

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