Soil conditioner for acidified sugarcane field

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil conditioner for an acidified sugarcane field. The soil conditioner is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of waste papermaking pulp, 0.03-0.05 part of a fermented complex microbial inoculant, 10-20 parts of mineral clay, 20-30 parts of organic matter fertilizer, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer and 3-5 parts of wood vinegar, the preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: adding the fermentation complex microbial inoculant into the organic matter fertilizer, uniformly stirring, stacking in a reaction tank, and turning 2-4 times every day when the placement temperature reaches 60-65 DEG C for 10-20 days; and then adding the waste papermaking pulp, the inorganic fertilizer, the mineral clay and the pyroligneous liquor, and uniformly stirring to obtain the soil conditioner. The method can solve the problem of soil acidification of a sugarcane field, reduce hardening of acidified soil, improve the air permeability of the soil, improve the microbial activity and reduce aluminum and manganese toxicity, thereby improving the yield and quality of sugarcanes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to an acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, to meet the increasing social demand for food, the soil fertility has declined, and the fertilizer utilization rate is low, especially problems such as soil acidification, shallowing of the plough layer, and imbalance of cultivated land nutrients. Among them, soil acidification refers to the process of decreasing pH value and reducing base saturation caused by hydrogen ions generated inside the soil and input from outside. Soil acidification will cause the soil pH value to decrease, thereby affecting the effectiveness of nutrients and microbial activity in the soil, and ultimately affecting the growth of crops.

[0003] Sugarcane field soil acidification is a common soil degradation problem in sugarcane cultivation, mainly caused by factors such as long-term and large-scale use of chemical fertilizers, acid precipitation, decomposition of organic matter, and secretion of acidic substances by sugarcane roots during growth. Under acidic conditions, the solubility of aluminum (Al3+) and manganese (Mn2+) increases, which has a toxic effect on sugarcane roots, inhibits root growth and nutrient absorption. Aluminum toxicity will cause the sugarcane roots to become shorter and thicker, and even necrosis may occur. At the same time, the effectiveness of essential elements such as phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium in the soil decreases, resulting in sugarcane malnutrition. Sugarcane field soil acidification will also cause damage to the soil structure. Under acidic conditions, the stability of soil aggregates decreases, resulting in soil compaction and poor air permeability, thereby affecting the yield and quality of sugarcane.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an effective acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above deficiencies, the present invention provides an acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner, which can solve the problem of sugarcane field soil acidification, reduce the compaction of acidified soil, improve soil air permeability, improve microbial activity, reduce aluminum and manganese toxicity, and thus improve the yield and quality of sugarcane. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] An acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner, the conditioner comprises the following components by weight: 40 - 70 parts of waste papermaking pulp, 0.03 - 0.05 parts of fermented complex bacterial agent, 10 - 20 parts of mineral clay, 20 - 30 parts of organic matter fertilizer, 10 - 20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, and 3 - 5 parts of wood vinegar liquid;

[0007] The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0008] Add the fermented complex bacterial agent to the organic matter fertilizer, stir evenly and stack it in the reaction pool. When the temperature reaches 60 - 65°C, turn it 2 - 4 times a day for 10 - 20 days; then add waste papermaking pulp, inorganic fertilizer, mineral clay, and wood vinegar liquid, and stir evenly to obtain the soil conditioner.

[0009] Preferably, the fermented composite bacterial agent is composed of the following strains by weight: 1.0 - 2.0×10 8 cfu / g of Bacillus subtilis 1.0 - 1.2 parts, 1.0 - 2.0×10 7 cfu / g of EM bacteria 1.0 - 1.2 parts, 1.0 - 2.0×10 2 cfu / g of yeast 1.0 - 1.2 parts, 1.0 - 2.0×10 7 cfu / g of Azotobacter chroococcum 1.0 - 1.2 parts.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the composite fermented bacterial agent comprises the following steps:

[0011] S21. Ferment Bacillus subtilis: Add white sugar, urea and water into a container respectively, then add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 6.5 - 7, and finally add Bacillus subtilis, and carry out anaerobic fermentation at 35°C for 7 - 10 days to obtain Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth;

[0012] S22. Then use the fermentation method of step S21 to ferment EM bacteria, yeast and Azotobacter chroococcum respectively to obtain EM bacteria fermentation broth, yeast fermentation broth and Azotobacter chroococcum fermentation broth;

[0013] S23. Mix the Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth, EM bacteria fermentation broth, yeast fermentation broth and Azotobacter chroococcum fermentation broth evenly to obtain the fermented composite bacterial agent;

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the mineral clay comprises the following steps: Mix 5 - 10 parts of dolomite powder, 2 - 3 parts of phosphate rock powder, 5 - 8 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10 - 20 parts of akadama soil and 1 - 2 parts of polyethylene glycol evenly, add 5 - 10 parts of 20 - 30wt% sodium hydroxide, stir evenly and then stand for 1 - 2 days, add 5 - 10 parts of 20 - 30wt% cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) solution to mix, and heat and stir in a water bath to obtain the mineral clay.

[0015] Preferably, in the preparation method of the mineral clay, the temperature of heating and stirring is 60 - 80°C and the time is 2 - 4 hours.

[0016] Preferably, the organic fertilizer comprises by weight: 6 - 10 parts of tea dregs, 4 - 8 parts of biochar, 5 - 10 parts of straw, 2 - 6 parts of humic acid.

[0017] Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer comprises by weight: 3 - 5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 - 3 parts of potassium phosphate, 1 - 2 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

[0018] Preferably, the biochar is made by firing crop branches or husks at 400°C to 700°C.

[0019] Preferably, the waste papermaking pulp is prepared through modification. The preparation method includes: inputting the waste papermaking pulp into a grading sieve to screen out long fiber pulp, adding an ethanol solution containing 10-20% sodium bicarbonate and being 5-8 times the mass of the long fiber pulp to the long fiber pulp, then putting it into a dissociation container, setting the dissociator to dissociate 3 times with an interval of 1 minute each time, setting each dissociation to be 10,000-11,000 revolutions to obtain the alkalized pulp after dissociation; adding ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to the alkalized pulp after dissociation, carrying out an etherification reaction at 60°C to 70°C for 60 min to 180 min, and after the reaction, neutralizing with an acid solution to pH = 7 to obtain the etherified cellulose pulp, adding a crosslinking agent accounting for 0.5% to 2% of the mass of the etherified cellulose pulp to carry out the reaction, and obtaining the modified waste papermaking pulp after the reaction ends.

[0020] Preferably, the crosslinking agent is selected from one of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, and polyoxalaldehyde.

[0021] The present invention provides an application of the acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner as described above. Spraying is carried out with a spraying device at a rate of 400-1000 kg / mu to form a uniform slurry layer on the surface of the soil to be treated; or, plowing the soil to a depth of 20-30 cm, spraying with a spraying device at a rate of 200-800 kg / mu, and then mixing the conditioner evenly with the plowed soil.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The present invention provides an acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner, which can solve the problem of acidification of sugarcane field soil, reduce the hardening of acidified soil, improve soil air permeability, improve microbial activity, reduce aluminum and manganese toxicity, and thus improve the yield and quality of sugarcane.

[0024] 2. The mineral clay of the present invention can neutralize acidic substances in the soil in combination with wood vinegar liquid, increase the soil pH value, and alleviate the problem of soil acidification. Among them, the applicant found that the combination of akadama soil and diatomaceous earth can be used for soil improvement. Akadama soil contains beneficial elements such as SiO2, CaO, MgO, MnO, Fe2O3, and Al2O3, and does not carry pathogenic bacteria itself; diatomaceous earth has the effect of physically killing and preventing insects in the present invention. It contains a large amount of clay minerals, iron oxides, and carbonaceous organic matter, which can increase the oxygen supply capacity of the clay in the present invention and play a role in heat insulation and heat preservation for the ground surface coverage. The mineral clay is treated with sodium hydroxide and CTAB, enhancing its ion exchange capacity and adsorption performance, being able to more effectively fix acidic ions, adsorb aluminum and manganese ions in the soil, reduce their toxic effects on sugarcane roots, and promote the healthy growth of roots. The rock phosphate and diatomaceous earth further supplement phosphorus and silicon elements, promoting the robustness of sugarcane stalks and the lodging resistance ability.

[0025] 3. The organic matter fertilizer in the conditioner is rich in organic matter, which can improve the soil structure, increase the soil porosity and water and fertilizer retention capacity. The biochar is made from crop branches or husks and has high porosity and stability, which can improve the soil fertility in the long term. The inorganic fertilizer provides the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other nutrient elements required for sugarcane growth to meet the nutrient needs of sugarcane. The waste paper pulp is used as the matrix of the conditioner. The waste paper pulp, tea dregs, and straw in the conditioner are derived from agricultural and industrial wastes, realizing the recycling of resources and reducing environmental pollution.

[0026] 4. The compound fermentation bacteria agent containing Bacillus subtilis, EM bacteria, yeast, and Azotobacter chroococcum can decompose organic matter, release nutrients, and at the same time inhibit soil pathogenic bacteria, improve the microecology of acidified soil, and improve the problem of soil compaction in acidified soil. Azotobacter chroococcum can carry out metabolic activities in the soil and sugarcane seed stems. The sugars, amino acids, vitamins, nitrogen, and bioactive substances produced by its metabolism can all be absorbed by sugarcane seed stems. It can promote the growth of sugarcane seed stem roots, enhance the acid-aluminum tolerance of sugarcane, increase the soil nitrogen content, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, promote the nutrient cycle of acidified soil, and the microbial activities accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic matter fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, improve the utilization efficiency of nutrients, and reduce nutrient loss.

[0027] 5. Using waste pulp for modification as the matrix of the modifier in the present invention, the cellulose in the pulp has good biocompatibility and degradability. The cross-linking agent can introduce hydrophilic groups on the fiber surface, making the fiber more easily combine with water molecules, thereby improving the wettability and water absorption of the fiber, enabling the active ingredients of the modifier to be dispersed more rapidly and uniformly, reducing the phenomenon of fiber agglomeration. The modified pulp increases fiber pores and improves the swelling and water absorption capacity of the fiber, further enhancing the buffering capacity and long-term effectiveness of the modifier, and having better controlled release performance. At the same time, the modified waste pulp also has a certain heat preservation property, which improves the quality and efficiency of the modifier in the present invention, enables the active substances in the modifier to exert their performance to the maximum extent, reduces the impact on the environment, and reduces resource consumption. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The following provides a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, and equipment used in the present invention can be obtained through market purchases or prepared by existing methods.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] The acidified sugarcane field soil modifier in this example includes the following components by weight: 40 parts of waste papermaking pulp, 0.03 parts of fermented compound bacterial agent, 10 parts of mineral clay, 20 parts of organic matter fertilizer, 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer, and 3 parts of wood vinegar liquid;

[0031] The fermented compound bacterial agent is composed of bacterial strains with the following weights: 1.0 part of Bacillus subtilis at 1.0×10 8 cfu / g, 1.0 part of EM bacteria at 1.0×10 7 cfu / g, 1.0 part of yeast at 1.0×10 2 cfu / g, and 1.0 part of Azotobacter chroococcum at 1.0×10 7 cfu / g.

[0032] The organic matter fertilizer includes by weight: 6 parts of tea dregs, 4 parts of biochar, 5 parts of straw, and 2 parts of humic acid.

[0033] The inorganic fertilizer includes by weight: 3 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of potassium phosphate, and 1 part of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

[0034] The biochar is made from rice husks fired at 400°C.

[0035] The preparation method of the acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0036] 1. Prepare the compound fermentation bacterium agent: Ferment Bacillus subtilis. In a 1000 kg plastic barrel, add 100 kg of white sugar, 2 kg of urea and 500 kg of water respectively, then add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 6.5, and finally add 500 g of Bacillus subtilis. Stir evenly, cover the plastic barrel lid, and carry out anaerobic fermentation at a constant temperature of 35 °C for 7 days to obtain the Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth; then use the above-mentioned Bacillus subtilis fermentation method to ferment EM bacteria, yeast, and Azotobacter chroococcum respectively to obtain EM bacteria fermentation broth, yeast fermentation broth, and Azotobacter chroococcum fermentation broth; mix the Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth, EM bacteria fermentation broth, yeast fermentation broth, and Azotobacter chroococcum fermentation broth evenly to obtain the fermentation compound bacterium agent.

[0037] 2. Prepare the mineral clay: Mix 5 parts of dolomite powder, 2 parts of phosphate rock powder, 5 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10 parts of akadama soil, and 1 part of polyethylene glycol evenly, add 5 parts of 20 wt% sodium hydroxide, stir evenly and let stand for 1 d, add 5 parts of 20 wt% CTAB solution and mix, heat and stir in a water bath at 60 °C for 2 hours to obtain the mineral clay.

[0038] 3. Prepare the modified waste papermaking pulp: Input the waste papermaking pulp into a grading sieve, screen to obtain long fiber pulp, add an ethanol solution containing 10% sodium bicarbonate 5 times the mass of the long fiber pulp to the long fiber pulp, then put it into a dissociation container, set the dissociator to dissociate 3 times, with an interval of 1 minute each time, and set each dissociation to 10,000 revolutions to obtain the alkalized pulp after dissociation; add ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to the alkalized pulp after dissociation, carry out etherification reaction at 60 °C for 180 min, and after the reaction, neutralize with an acid solution to pH = 7 to obtain the etherified cellulose pulp, and add 0.5% of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether based on the mass of the etherified cellulose pulp for reaction, and obtain the modified waste papermaking pulp after the reaction.

[0039] 4. Prepare the soil conditioner: Add the fermentation compound bacterium agent to the organic matter fertilizer, stir evenly and stack it in the reaction pool. When the temperature reaches 60 °C, turn it over 2 times a day for 10 days; then add the waste papermaking pulp, inorganic fertilizer, mineral clay, and wood vinegar liquid, stir evenly, and the soil conditioner can be obtained.

[0040] The usage method of the acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner in this embodiment is: Use a spraying equipment to spray at a rate of 400 kg / mu, so that the soil conditioner forms a uniform slurry layer on the surface of the soil to be treated.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner of this embodiment comprises the following components by weight: 70 parts of waste papermaking pulp, 0.05 part of compound fermentation bacteria agent, 20 parts of mineral clay, 30 parts of organic matter fertilizer, 20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, and 5 parts of wood vinegar liquid;

[0043] The compound fermentation bacteria agent is composed of the following bacteria by weight: 1.2 parts of Bacillus subtilis at 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, 1.2 parts of EM bacteria at 2.0×10 7 cfu / g, 1.2 parts of yeast at 2.0×10 2 cfu / g, and 1.2 parts of Azotobacter chroococcum at 2.0×10 7 cfu / g.

[0044] The organic matter fertilizer comprises by weight: 10 parts of tea dregs, 8 parts of biochar, 10 parts of straw, and 6 parts of humic acid.

[0045] The inorganic fertilizer comprises by weight: 5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of potassium phosphate, and 2 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

[0046] The biochar is made by firing rice husks at 700°C.

[0047] The preparation method of the acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0048] 1. Prepare the compound fermentation bacteria agent: Ferment Bacillus subtilis. In a 1000 kg plastic barrel, add 100 kg of white sugar, 2 kg of urea, and 500 kg of water respectively, then add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 7, and finally add 500 g of Bacillus subtilis, stir evenly, cover the plastic barrel lid, and carry out anaerobic fermentation at 35°C for 10 days to obtain Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquid; then ferment EM bacteria, yeast, and Azotobacter chroococcum respectively by using the above-mentioned Bacillus subtilis fermentation method to obtain EM bacteria fermentation liquid, yeast fermentation liquid, and Azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquid respectively; mix the Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquid, EM bacteria fermentation liquid, yeast fermentation liquid, and Azotobacter chroococcum fermentation liquid evenly to obtain the compound fermentation bacteria agent.

[0049] 2. Prepare the mineral clay: Mix 10 parts of dolomite powder, 3 parts of phosphate rock powder, 8 parts of diatomaceous earth, 20 parts of red jade soil, and 2 parts of polyethylene glycol evenly, add 10 parts of 30wt% sodium hydroxide, stir evenly and let stand for 2 days, add 10 parts of 30wt% CTAB solution and mix, heat and stir in a water bath at 80°C for 4 hours to obtain the mineral clay.

[0050] 3. Preparation of modified waste papermaking pulp: Input the waste papermaking pulp into a grading sieve, screen to obtain long fiber pulp, add an ethanol solution containing 20% sodium bicarbonate and 8 times the mass of the long fiber pulp to the long fiber pulp, then put it into a dissociation container, set the dissociator to dissociate 3 times, with a 1-minute interval between each dissociation, and set each dissociation to 10,000 revolutions to obtain the alkalized pulp after dissociation; Add ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to the alkalized pulp after dissociation, carry out etherification reaction at 70 °C for 60 min, and after the reaction, neutralize with an acid solution to pH = 7 to obtain the etherified cellulose pulp, add 2% of polyvinyl alcohol based on the mass of the etherified cellulose pulp for reaction, and obtain the modified waste papermaking pulp after the reaction ends.

[0051] 4. Preparation of soil conditioner: Add the fermented composite microbial agent to the organic matter fertilizer, stir evenly and stack it in a reaction pool. When the temperature reaches 65 °C, turn it over 4 times a day for 20 days; Then add waste papermaking pulp, inorganic fertilizer, mineral clay, and wood vinegar liquid, stir evenly, and the soil conditioner can be obtained.

[0052] The usage method of the acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner in this example is: Plow the soil to a depth of 25 cm, spray it with a spraying device at a rate of 600 kg / mu, and then mix the conditioner evenly with the plowed soil.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] The acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner in this example includes the following components by weight: 55 parts of waste papermaking pulp, 0.04 parts of fermented composite microbial agent, 15 parts of mineral clay, 25 parts of organic matter fertilizer, 15 parts of inorganic fertilizer, and 4 parts of wood vinegar liquid;

[0055] The fermented composite microbial agent is composed of the following strains by weight: 1.0 part of Bacillus subtilis at 1.5×10 8 cfu / g, 1.0 part of EM bacteria at 1.5×10 7 cfu / g, 1.0 part of yeast at 1.5×10 2 cfu / g, and 1.0 part of Azotobacter chroococcum at 1.5×10 7 cfu / g.

[0056] The organic matter fertilizer includes by weight: 8 parts of tea residue, 6 parts of biochar, 7 parts of straw, and 4 parts of humic acid.

[0057] The inorganic fertilizer includes by weight: 4 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of potassium phosphate, and 2 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

[0058] The biochar is made from rice husks fired at 500 °C.

[0059] The preparation method of the acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner in this example includes the following steps:

[0060] 1. Preparation of compound fermentation bacteria agent: Ferment Bacillus subtilis. In a 1000 kg plastic barrel, add 100 kg of white sugar, 2 kg of urea and 500 kg of water respectively. Then add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 6.5. Finally, add 500 g of Bacillus subtilis, stir evenly, cover the plastic barrel lid, and carry out constant-temperature anaerobic fermentation at 35 °C for 7 days to obtain Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth; then ferment EM bacteria, yeast, and Azotobacter chroococcum respectively by using the above-mentioned Bacillus subtilis fermentation method to obtain EM bacteria fermentation broth, yeast fermentation broth, and Azotobacter chroococcum fermentation broth respectively; mix the Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth, EM bacteria fermentation broth, yeast fermentation broth, and Azotobacter chroococcum fermentation broth evenly to obtain the fermentation compound bacteria agent.

[0061] 2. Preparation of mineral clay: Mix 8 parts of dolomite powder, 2 parts of phosphate rock powder, 7 parts of diatomaceous earth, 15 parts of akadama soil, and 1 part of polyethylene glycol evenly, add 8 parts of 25 wt% sodium hydroxide, stir evenly and then let it stand for 1 d, add 8 parts of 25 wt% CTAB solution and mix, heat and stir in a water bath at 70 °C for 3 hours to obtain mineral clay.

[0062] 3. Preparation of modified waste papermaking pulp: Input the waste papermaking pulp into a grading screen, screen to obtain long fiber pulp, add an ethanol solution containing 15% sodium bicarbonate which is 6 times the mass of the long fiber pulp to the long fiber pulp, then put it into a dissociation container, set the dissociator to dissociate 3 times, with an interval of 1 minute between each dissociation, and set each dissociation to 10000 revolutions to obtain the alkalized pulp after dissociation; add ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to the alkalized pulp after dissociation, carry out etherification reaction at 65 °C for 120 min, and after the reaction, neutralize with an acid solution to pH = 7 to obtain the etherified cellulose pulp, add 1% of polyethylene glycol based on the mass of the etherified cellulose pulp to carry out the reaction, and obtain the modified waste papermaking pulp after the reaction.

[0063] 4. Preparation of soil conditioner: Add the fermentation compound bacteria agent to the organic matter fertilizer, stir evenly and then stack it in a reaction pool. When the temperature reaches 60 °C, turn it over 2 times a day for 10 days; then add waste papermaking pulp, inorganic fertilizer, mineral clay, and wood vinegar liquid, stir evenly to obtain the soil conditioner.

[0064] The usage method of the acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner in this example is: Use a spraying equipment to spray at a rate of 600 kg / mu, so that the soil conditioner forms a uniform slurry layer on the surface of the soil to be treated.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the compound fermentation bacteria agent is not added.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that diatomaceous earth is not added to the mineral clay.

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that akadama is not added to the mineral clay.

[0071] Comparative Example 4

[0072] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the mineral clay is replaced with a mixed clay of limestone powder, kaolin, and water with a mass ratio of 1:3:5.

[0073] Comparative Example 5

[0074] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the compound fermentation inoculant is replaced with 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis at 1.0×10 8 cfu / g and 2 parts of Azotobacter chroococcum at 1.0×10 7 cfu / g.

[0075] Comparative Example 6

[0076] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the waste papermaking pulp is not modified.

[0077] Control Example

[0078] The difference between this control example and Example 3 is that the soil conditioner of the present invention is replaced with a CaO-type soil conditioner, which is the powder "Tianji" soil conditioner (containing humic acid) provided by Guangxi Jintianji Agricultural Services Co., Ltd., with CaO≥40%.

[0079] 1. Influence on soil pH

[0080] The acidified soil conditioner prepared in the examples of the present invention was subjected to performance testing in a sugarcane field before planting sugarcane. The area of each test area was 0.1 hm 2 , and 0.5 kg of the plow layer soil at 0-20 cm in each test area was collected before the test to measure the initial pH value of the soil. Then, the soil conditioner prepared by the present invention was applied, and the pH values of the test soil after 3 months and 6 months were measured respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0081] Table 1

[0082] Initial pH of the test soil Soil pH after 3 months Soil pH after 6 months Example 1 5.20 6.74 6.97 Example 2 5.20 6.87 7.06 Example 3 5.22 6.82 7.02 Comparative Example 1 5.19 5.42 5.53 Comparative Example 2 5.22 5.60 5.75 Comparative Example 3 5.20 5.49 5.63 Comparative Example 4 5.23 5.54 5.73 Comparative Example 5 5.22 6.01 6.18 Comparative Example 6 5.21 5.41 5.54 Control Example 5.21 5.92 6.12

[0083] 2. Influence on sugarcane yield and quality

[0084] The modifiers of Example 3, Comparative Examples 2-4, Comparative Example 6, and Control Example were tested. The test site was in Chongzuo City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The test variety was Guitang 46. A randomized block design was adopted with 3 replicates, and the area of each treatment plot was 0.1 hm 2 . The row spacing for planting sugarcane was 1.5 m, and the seeding rate was 75000 buds / hm 2 . The soil modifier was applied 2 months before planting sugarcane, and the rest of the field management was carried out according to the local traditional management level. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0085] Table 2

[0086]

[0087] After the above-mentioned test sugarcane was harvested, a round of ratoon cane was continued to be planted. No soil modifier was applied before planting the ratoon cane. After the ratoon cane was harvested, the soil pH of the sugarcane field was tested to explore the effect of the soil modifier on controlling soil acidification in the sugarcane field after planting. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0088] Table 3

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] In summary, the present invention provides an acidified sugarcane field soil conditioner, which can solve the problem of soil acidification in sugarcane fields, reduce the hardening of acidified soil, improve soil air permeability, enhance microbial activity, reduce the toxicity of aluminum and manganese, thereby increasing the yield and quality of sugarcane. After one round of planting new sugarcane and ratoon sugarcane, it still has a good effect of controlling soil acidification. The mineral clay and wood vinegar liquid of the present invention can neutralize acidic substances in the soil, increase the soil pH value, and alleviate the problem of soil acidification. Among them, akadama soil and diatomaceous earth are used in combination. Akadama soil contains beneficial elements such as SiO2, CaO, MgO, MnO, Fe2O3, and Al2O3, and itself does not carry pathogenic bacteria, and has a significant effect on soil improvement; diatomaceous earth has the effect of physically killing insects and preventing pests in the medium of the present invention. It itself contains a large amount of clay minerals, iron oxides and carbonaceous organic substances, which can increase the oxygen supply capacity of clay and play a role in heat insulation and heat preservation for the ground cover. The mineral clay is treated with sodium hydroxide and CTAB, which enhances its ion exchange capacity and adsorption performance, can more effectively fix acidic ions, can adsorb aluminum and manganese ions in the soil, reduce their toxic effects on sugarcane roots, and promote the healthy growth of roots. The rock phosphate and diatomaceous earth further supplement phosphorus and silicon elements, promoting the robustness of sugarcane stalks and the ability to resist lodging. The organic fertilizer in the conditioner is rich in organic matter, which can improve the soil structure, increase soil porosity and water and fertilizer retention capacity. The biochar is made from crop branches or husks, has high porosity and stability, and can improve soil fertility in the long term. The inorganic fertilizer provides the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other nutrient elements required for sugarcane growth to meet the nutrient requirements of sugarcane. The waste paper pulp, tea residues and straw in the conditioner are derived from agricultural and industrial wastes, realizing the recycling of resources and reducing environmental pollution. The compound fermentation bacterium agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, EM bacteria, yeast and Azotobacter chroococcum can decompose organic matter, release nutrients, inhibit soil pathogenic bacteria at the same time, improve the microecology of acidified soil, and improve the problem of hardening of acidified soil. Azotobacter chroococcum can carry out metabolic activities in the soil and sugarcane seed stems. The sugars, amino acids, vitamins, nitrogen, bioactive substances, etc. produced by its metabolism can be absorbed by sugarcane seed stems. It can promote the growth of sugarcane seed stem roots, enhance the acid-aluminum tolerance of sugarcane, increase the soil nitrogen content, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, promote the nutrient cycle of acidified soil, and the microbial activity accelerates the decomposition and transformation of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, improves the utilization efficiency of nutrients, and reduces nutrient loss.Using waste pulp for modification as the matrix of the modifier in the present invention, the cellulose in the pulp has good biocompatibility and degradability. The cross-linking agent can introduce hydrophilic groups on the fiber surface, making the fiber more likely to combine with water molecules, thereby improving the wettability and water absorption of the fiber, enabling the active ingredients of the modifier to be dispersed more quickly and evenly, reducing the phenomenon of fiber agglomeration. The modified pulp increases fiber pores and improves the swelling and water absorption ability of the fiber, further enhancing the buffering ability and long-term effectiveness of the modifier, and having better controlled release performance. At the same time, the modified waste pulp also has a certain heat preservation property, which improves the quality and efficiency of the modifier in the present invention, enables the active substances in the modifier to exert their performance to the greatest extent, reduces the impact on the environment, and reduces resource consumption.

[0092] The foregoing description of the specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for purposes of illustration and exemplification. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is apparent that many changes and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical applications, so that those skilled in the art can implement and utilize the various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An acidified sugarcane soil conditioner, characterized in that: The improver comprises the following components by weight: 40-70 parts of waste paper pulp, 0.03-0.05 parts of fermentation compound bacterial agent, 10-20 parts of mineral clay, 20-30 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, and 3-5 parts of wood vinegar; The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: Add the fermented compound bacterial agent to the organic fertilizer, stir evenly and pile it in the reaction tank. When the temperature reaches 60-65℃, turn it over 2-4 times a day for 10-20 days. Then add waste paper pulp, inorganic fertilizer, mineral clay and wood vinegar, stir evenly to get the soil conditioner.

2. The acidified sugarcane soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation composite bacterial agent is composed of the following bacterial species in parts by weight: 1.0-2.0×10 8 cfu / g of Bacillus subtilis 1.0-1.2, 1.0-2.0×10 7 cfu / g of EM bacteria 1.0-1.2 copies, 1.0-2.0×10 2 cfu / g yeast 1.0-1.2, 1.0-2.0×10 7 1.0-1.2 cfu / g of round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

3. The acidified sugarcane soil conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the composite fermentation agent comprises the following steps: S21, fermenting Bacillus subtilis: adding sugar, urea and water to a container respectively, then adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7, and finally adding Bacillus subtilis, and fermenting anaerobicly at a constant temperature of 35° C. for 7-10 days to obtain a Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquid; S22, fermenting EM bacteria, yeast, and round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria respectively using the fermentation method of step S21 to obtain EM bacteria fermentation liquid, yeast fermentation liquid, and round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria fermentation liquid respectively; S23, evenly mix the Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquid, the EM bacteria fermentation liquid, the yeast fermentation liquid, and the round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria fermentation liquid to obtain a fermentation composite bacterial agent.

4. The acidified sugarcane soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the mineral clay comprises the following steps: evenly mixing 5-10 parts of dolomite powder, 2-3 parts of phosphate rock powder, 5-8 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10-20 parts of red jade, and 1-2 parts of polyethylene glycol, adding 5-10 parts of 20-30wt% sodium hydroxide, stirring evenly and standing for 1-2 days, adding 5-10 parts of 20-30wt% hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution and mixing, heating and stirring in a water bath to obtain the mineral clay.

5. The acidified sugarcane soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the method for preparing the mineral clay, the heating and stirring temperature is 60-80° C. and the time is 2-4 hours.

6. The acidified sugarcane soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer comprises, by weight: 6-10 parts of tea residues, 4-8 parts of biochar, 5-10 parts of straws, and 2-6 parts of humic acid.

7. The acidified sugarcane soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic fertilizer comprises, by weight: 3-5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 2-3 parts of potassium phosphate, and 1-2 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate.

8. The acidified sugarcane soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste paper pulp is prepared by modification. The preparation method comprises: inputting the waste paper pulp into a grading screen to obtain long fiber pulp by screening, adding an ethanol solution containing 10-20% sodium bicarbonate in an amount of 5-8 times the mass of the long fiber pulp to the long fiber pulp, and then putting the long fiber pulp into a dissociation container, setting a dissociator to dissociate 3 times, with an interval of 1 minute between each dissociation, and setting each dissociation to 10000-11000 revolutions to obtain dissociated alkalized pulp; adding ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to the dissociated alkalized pulp, and carrying out an etherification reaction at 60°C-70°C for 60min-180min, neutralizing with an acid solution to pH=7 after the reaction is completed to obtain etherified cellulose pulp, adding a crosslinking agent in an amount of 0.5%-2% of the mass of the etherified cellulose pulp to react, and obtaining modified waste paper pulp after the reaction is completed.

9. The acidified sugarcane soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-linking agent is selected from one of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and polyglyoxal.

10. A use of the soil conditioner according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Use spraying equipment to spray at a rate of 400-1000kg / mu to make the improver form a uniform slurry layer on the surface of the soil to be treated; or, plow the soil 20-30cm, use spraying equipment to spray at a rate of 200-800kg / mu, and then mix the improver with the plowed soil evenly.

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