A foundation pit column top elevation control device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for controlling the elevation of the top of a foundation pit column, and relates to the technical field of foundation pit engineering. The device for controlling the elevation of the top of a foundation pit column includes a height adjustment component, which is used to be set on a steel lattice column and separate the steel lattice column into an upper steel lattice column and a lower steel lattice column, so as to adjust the elevation of the upper steel lattice column through the height adjustment component; a control component, which is electrically connected to the height adjustment component and is used to control the height adjustment component; a monitoring component, which is used to monitor the elevation of the upper steel lattice column; and a numerical control terminal, which is electrically connected to the control component and is also electrically connected to the monitoring component. The numerical control terminal of the present invention sends a signal to the control component, and the control component controls the height adjustment component to reduce the elevation of the upper steel lattice column until the monitored elevation returns to the initial value. Therefore, the control device can reduce the shear force at the intersection node of the supporting beam and the column when a bulge occurs at the bottom of the foundation pit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit engineering, and in particular to a device and method for controlling the elevation of a top end of a foundation pit column. Background Art

[0002] As the basic support for underground space development, the construction process of deep foundation pit projects is full of uncertainty, complexity and concealment. In addition, the construction environment is limited and easily affected by surrounding factors, which significantly increases the difficulty of the project.

[0003] In deep and large foundation pit projects, the phenomenon of uplift at the bottom of the pit is a problem that cannot be ignored. The degree of uplift is affected by multiple factors, including pit size, excavation depth, and geological conditions, and may exhibit a diverse distribution, such as large uplift in the center and small uplift near the retaining piles, or vice versa. To address this challenge, deep and large foundation pits often use reinforced concrete internal support structures, and columns are installed at the intersection of transverse support beams to enhance stability. The columns are usually in the form of steel lattice columns and concrete column piles. The bottom of the steel lattice columns extends deep into the concrete column piles to adapt to the changes in the pit shape while meeting the high requirements of the surrounding environment.

[0004] However, when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges, the columns will rise to varying degrees due to the varying degrees of bulge, which directly leads to a sharp increase in the shear force at the junction of the supporting beam and the column. In extreme cases, the supporting beam may be damaged due to excessive shear force, leading to overall instability and a serious threat to construction safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: how to reduce the shear force at the intersection of the supporting beam and the column when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for controlling the top elevation of a foundation pit column, comprising:

[0007] A height adjustment assembly is used to be arranged on the steel lattice column and separate the steel lattice column into an upper steel lattice column and a lower steel lattice column, wherein the upper steel lattice column is located at the top of the height adjustment assembly and the lower steel lattice column is located at the bottom of the height adjustment assembly;

[0008] A control component is electrically connected to the height adjustment component, and the control component is used to control the height adjustment component;

[0009] Monitoring components for monitoring the elevation of upper steel lattice columns;

[0010] The numerical control terminal is electrically connected to the control component and the monitoring component, so as to obtain the data collected by the monitoring component through the numerical control terminal and send the collected data to the control component.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the elevation of the upper steel lattice column, that is, the elevation of the top of the column, is monitored in real time through the monitoring component, and the collected monitoring results are sent to the CNC terminal. During the excavation of the foundation pit, when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges, some of the collected monitoring results will change, indicating that some columns are lifted up. At this time, the shear force at the intersection of the supporting beam and the column increases, so the CNC terminal sends a signal to the control component, and the control component controls the height adjustment component to lower the elevation of the upper steel lattice column until the monitored elevation returns to the initial value. Therefore, the control device can reduce the shear force at the intersection of the supporting beam and the column when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges.

[0012] In one embodiment, the height adjustment assembly includes a base, a lifting member and a driving member. The base is used to be set at the top end of the lower steel lattice column. The lifting member is set at the top of the base and is used to be located at the bottom end of the upper steel lattice column. The driving member is electrically connected to the control assembly to enable the driving member to drive the lifting member to rise or fall.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient to set the height adjustment component between the top end of the lower steel lattice column and the bottom end of the upper steel lattice column, and the elevation of the upper steel lattice column is changed by the rise and fall of the lifting member.

[0014] In one embodiment, the lifting member includes a guide column and a lifting platform, a plurality of guide columns are vertically arranged on the base, a plurality of sliding holes are opened on the lifting platform, the guide columns correspond to the sliding holes one by one, and the guide columns are passed through the sliding holes to enable the lifting platform to move along the setting direction of the guide columns, the top surface of the lifting platform is against the bottom end of the upper steel lattice column, and the end of the guide column away from the base is used to be set inside the limiting guide hole of the upper steel lattice column.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide column can not only improve the stability of the fixation between the height adjustment component and the steel lattice column, but also play a guiding role in the lifting and lowering of the lifting platform, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the elevation change of the upper steel lattice column.

[0016] In one embodiment, the driving member includes a cylinder and a fixed seat, the cylinder is fixed to the top of the lower steel lattice column through the fixed seat, a first telescopic rod is provided on the cylinder, one end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the cylinder, and the other end of the first telescopic rod is against the bottom surface of the lifting platform, and the cylinder is electrically connected to the control component.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the height adjustment component needs to work, the cylinder is controlled by the control component, and the first telescopic rod of the cylinder is extended or retracted to change the distance that the first telescopic rod extends from the cylinder, thereby making the lifting platform rise or fall. Therefore, the above design facilitates the adjustment of the elevation of the upper steel lattice column.

[0018] In one embodiment, the guide column is provided with a plurality of positioning holes along its setting direction, and a locking assembly is provided on the lifting platform. The plurality of positioning holes are selectively connected to the locking assembly to achieve movement and fixation of the lifting platform on the guide column.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement and fixation of the lifting platform on the guide column are facilitated, the smoothness of the lifting platform in motion and the stability in static state are ensured, and the lifting platform is prevented from falling due to weight, thereby causing adjustment errors.

[0020] In one embodiment, the locking assembly includes a mounting groove, a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder and a movable hole. The mounting groove is opened on the top surface of the lifting platform, and the end of the mounting groove faces the same direction as the opening direction of the positioning hole, and movable holes are opened at both ends of the mounting groove. One end of the movable hole is connected to the mounting groove, and the other end of the movable hole is connected to the positioning hole. The bidirectional hydraulic cylinder is arranged inside the mounting groove, and the second telescopic rods at both ends of the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder are movably arranged inside the movable hole to realize the clamping and separation of the second telescopic rod and the positioning hole.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder can be directly controlled by the control component, and the second telescopic rod at the end of the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder can be extended and retracted inside the movable hole. Since the movable hole is connected to the positioning hole, and the end of the mounting groove is oriented in the same direction as the opening of the positioning hole, the second telescopic rod can be connected to and separated from the positioning hole.

[0022] In one embodiment, a pressure sensor is provided on the top surface of the lifting platform, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the numerical control terminal to monitor the pressure of the upper steel lattice column on the lifting platform.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the stress conditions and adjustment stability of the upper steel lattice columns can be monitored during the construction process.

[0024] In one embodiment, the monitoring component includes a GPS height measuring instrument, a tensile stress sensor and a signal collector. The GPS height measuring instrument and the tensile stress sensor are both used to be set on the top surface of the uppermost support beam and are located directly above the center line of the upper steel lattice column. The GPS height measuring instrument is connected to the CNC terminal by wireless signal, the tensile stress sensor is electrically connected to the signal collector, and the signal collector is electrically connected to the CNC terminal.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the elevation of the upper steel lattice columns is monitored by a GPS height measuring instrument, and the presence of tensile stress on the top surface of the uppermost support beam is monitored by a tensile stress sensor. The monitoring results are judged simultaneously by the two data, thereby improving the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0026] In one embodiment, the monitoring component further includes a GPS calibration device to improve the elevation measurement accuracy of the GPS elevation meter.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, traditional GPS measuring devices can only measure elevation change data of about "m" level. If the elevation measurement consists of two GPS measuring devices, one installed on the measured object and the other installed at a fixed point to play an auxiliary role, then the GPS device installed on the measured object can achieve the measurement of "cm" level elevation changes, thereby further improving the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling the elevation of the top of a foundation pit column, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Providing the aforementioned foundation pit column top elevation control device;

[0030] Set the preset elevation A and tensile stress alarm value C;

[0031] Collect the elevation data B of the upper steel lattice columns at each measuring point, and the tensile stress D of the top surface of the uppermost support beam;

[0032] Determine whether the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold;

[0033] If the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold, when the difference between B and A is positive, the upper steel lattice column is lowered by the height adjustment component until the lowered elevation value is equal to the difference, and the height adjustment component stops working; when the difference between B and A is negative, the upper steel lattice column is raised by the height adjustment component until the raised elevation value is equal to the difference, and the height adjustment component stops working; otherwise, the height adjustment component always stops working;

[0034] Determine whether D exceeds C;

[0035] If D exceeds C, the alarm is activated, and manual review is performed. The elevation of the upper steel lattice column is adjusted through the height adjustment component until the alarm is turned off. Then, it is determined again whether the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold. Otherwise, it is directly determined again whether the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold.

[0036] Repeat the above steps until the foundation pit construction is completed.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the elevation of the upper steel lattice column, that is, the elevation of the top of the column, is monitored in real time through the monitoring component, and the collected monitoring results are sent to the CNC terminal. During the excavation of the foundation pit, when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges, some of the collected monitoring results will change, indicating that some columns are lifted up. At this time, the shear force at the intersection of the supporting beam and the column increases, so the CNC terminal sends a signal to the control component, and the control component controls the height adjustment component to lower the elevation of the upper steel lattice column until the monitored elevation returns to the initial value. Therefore, the control device can reduce the shear force at the intersection of the supporting beam and the column when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges.

[0038] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0039] 1. The monitoring component monitors the elevation of the upper steel lattice columns, i.e., the elevation of the top of the columns, in real time, and sends the collected monitoring results to the CNC terminal. During the excavation process, if the bottom of the foundation pit bulges, some of the collected monitoring results will change, indicating that some columns are lifted. At this time, the shear force at the intersection of the supporting beam and the column increases. Therefore, the CNC terminal sends a signal to the control component, which controls the height adjustment component to lower the elevation of the upper steel lattice columns until the monitored elevation returns to the initial value. Therefore, the control device can reduce the shear force at the intersection of the supporting beam and the column when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges;

[0040] 2. The design of the guide column and locking assembly can improve the stability of the fixation between the height adjustment assembly and the steel lattice column through the guide column, and play a guiding role in the lifting of the lifting platform. At the same time, the locking assembly can be locked and separated with the positioning hole on the guide column, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the lifting platform in motion and the stability in the static state.

[0041] 3. Through the design of monitoring components, including GPS height measuring instruments, tensile stress sensors, signal collectors and GPS calibration devices, the accuracy of monitoring results is improved, thereby making more precise adjustments and further reducing the shear force at the intersection of the support beam and the column. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a top elevation control device for a foundation pit column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A;

[0045] Figure 4This is a schematic structural diagram of a height adjustment assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for controlling the elevation of a foundation pit column top.

[0047] In the figure: 1-height adjustment component, 101-base, 102-lifting platform, 103-guide column, 104-slide hole, 105-cylinder, 106-fixed seat, 107-positioning slot, 108-positioning hole, 109-locking component, 1091-movable hole, 1092-installation slot, 1093-bidirectional hydraulic cylinder, 1010-pressure sensor, 2-upper steel lattice column, 201-limiting guide hole, 3-lower steel lattice column, 4-concrete column pile, 5-control component, 6-monitoring component, 601-signal collector, 602-GPS height measuring instrument, 603-tensile stress sensor, 7-CNC terminal, 8-GPS calibration device, 9-support beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] The top elevation control device of the foundation pit column in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the elevation control device for the top of the foundation pit column includes a height adjustment component 1, which is used to be set on the steel lattice column and separate the steel lattice column into an upper steel lattice column 2 and a lower steel lattice column 3. The upper steel lattice column 2 is located at the top of the height adjustment component 1, and the lower steel lattice column 3 is located at the bottom of the height adjustment component 1, so as to adjust the elevation of the upper steel lattice column 2 by the height adjustment component 1; a control component 5, which is electrically connected to the height adjustment component 1 and is used to control the height adjustment component 1; a monitoring component 6, which is used to monitor the elevation of the upper steel lattice column 2; a CNC terminal 7, which is electrically connected to the control component 5 and to the monitoring component 6, so as to obtain data collected by the monitoring component 6 through the CNC terminal 7 and send the collected data to the control component 5.

[0050] It can be seen from this that the present invention divides the steel lattice columns into upper steel lattice columns 2 and lower steel lattice columns 3, and sets a height adjustment component 1 between the upper steel lattice columns 2 and the lower steel lattice columns 3. The bottom of the lower steel lattice column 3 is inserted into the concrete column pile 4, and the elevation of the upper steel lattice column 2, that is, the elevation of the top of the column, is monitored in real time by the monitoring component 6, and the collected monitoring results are sent to the CNC terminal 7. During the excavation of the foundation pit, when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges, some of the collected monitoring results will change, indicating that some columns are lifted up. At this time, the shear force at the intersection node of the supporting beam and the column increases, so the CNC terminal 7 sends a signal to the control component 5, and the control component 5 controls the height adjustment component 1 to lower the elevation of the upper steel lattice column 2 until the monitored elevation returns to the initial value. Therefore, the control device can reduce the shear force at the intersection node of the supporting beam and the column when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges.

[0051] It should be noted that the early construction process of foundation pit excavation is as follows:

[0052] Drill holes at preset points. After the holes are formed, cast concrete column piles at the bottom of the holes. Before the concrete column piles are completely solidified, assemble the height adjustment component 1, the upper steel lattice column 2 and the lower steel lattice column 3 on the ground, and electrically connect the height adjustment component 1 to the control component 5. Insert the assembled structure into the top of the unsolidified concrete column pile and wait for the concrete column pile to be completely solidified. The diameter of the hole needs to be larger than the width of the height adjustment component 1 to avoid affecting the operation of the height adjustment component 1.

[0053] Preferably, see Figure 2 、 3 As shown, a specific structure of a height adjustment component 1 is provided:

[0054] The height adjustment component 1 includes a base 101, a lifting member and a driving member. The base 101 is used to be set at the top end of the lower steel lattice column 3. The lifting member is set on the top of the base 101 and is used to be located at the bottom end of the upper steel lattice column 2. The driving member is electrically connected to the control component 5 to enable the driving member to drive the lifting member to rise or fall.

[0055] Specifically, after the concrete column piles 4 and the lower steel lattice columns 3 are installed in the drilled holes of the foundation pit, the base 101 of the height adjustment assembly 1 is fixed to the top of the lower steel lattice columns 3. The driving member drives the lifting member to operate, and the lifting member drives the upper steel lattice columns 2 on top of it to move. Therefore, the above design facilitates the placement of the height adjustment assembly 1 between the top of the lower steel lattice columns 3 and the bottom of the upper steel lattice columns 2. The elevation of the upper steel lattice columns 2 changes as the lifting member rises and falls.

[0056] For further information, see Figure 3 、 4As shown, a specific structure of a lifting member is provided:

[0057] The lifting parts include guide columns 103 and a lifting platform 102. Several guide columns 103 are vertically arranged on the base 101. Several sliding holes 104 are opened on the lifting platform 102. The guide columns 103 correspond to the sliding holes 104 one by one, and the guide columns 103 are passed through the sliding holes 104 to enable the lifting platform 102 to move along the setting direction of the guide columns 103. The top surface of the lifting platform 102 is against the bottom end of the upper steel lattice column 2, and the end of the guide column 103 away from the base 101 is used to be set inside the limiting guide hole 201 of the upper steel lattice column 2.

[0058] Specifically, a vertical guide column 103 is installed on each of the four corners of the base 101, and one end of the guide column 103 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base 101, or the end of the guide column 103 is penetrated through the base 101 and fixedly connected to the top of the lower steel lattice column 3; sliding holes 104 are respectively opened on the four corners of the lifting platform 102, and the guide columns 103 correspond to the sliding holes 104 one by one, and the guide columns 103 pass through the corresponding sliding holes 104, and the lifting platform 102 can rise or fall along the guide columns 103. The top surface is against the bottom end of the upper steel lattice column 2, so the movement of the lifting platform 102 can drive the upper steel lattice column 2 to move, thereby adjusting the elevation of the upper steel lattice column 2; the other end of the guide column 103 is passed through the limiting guide hole 201 of the upper steel lattice column 2 to prevent the guide column 103 from tilting and falling off; the guide column 103 can not only improve the stability of the fixation between the height adjustment component 1 and the steel lattice column, but also play a guiding role in the lifting and lowering of the lifting platform 102, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the elevation change of the upper steel lattice column 2.

[0059] For further information, see Figure 4 As shown, a specific structure of a driving member is provided:

[0060] The driving component includes a cylinder 105 and a fixed seat 106. The cylinder 105 is fixed to the top of the lower steel lattice column 3 through the fixed seat 106. A first telescopic rod is provided on the cylinder 105. One end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the cylinder 105, and the other end of the first telescopic rod is against the bottom surface of the lifting platform 102. The cylinder 105 is electrically connected to the control component 5.

[0061] Specifically, the cylinder 105 is fixed to the top of the lower steel lattice column 3 by the fixing seat 106 and the bolt assembly, and a fixing plate can be installed at the top of the lower steel lattice column 3 to enhance the stability of the installation of the cylinder 105; the first telescopic rod of the cylinder 105 is vertically arranged at the top of the cylinder 105, and the end of the first telescopic rod away from the cylinder 105 is against the bottom surface of the lifting platform 102. When the height adjustment component 1 needs to work, the cylinder 105 is controlled by the control component 5, and the first telescopic rod of the cylinder 105 is extended or retracted to change the distance that the first telescopic rod extends from the cylinder 105, thereby making the lifting platform 102 rise or fall. Therefore, the above design facilitates the adjustment of the elevation of the upper steel lattice column 2; in order to maintain the stability of the first telescopic rod pushing the lifting platform 102, the first telescopic rod can be set directly below the center point of the lifting platform 102, or multiple cylinders 105 and first telescopic rods can be set to push multiple points on the top surface of the lifting platform 102 at the same time.

[0062] Preferably, see Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of positioning holes 108 are provided on the guide column 103 along its setting direction, and a locking assembly 109 is provided on the lifting platform 102. The plurality of positioning holes 108 are selectively connected to the locking assembly 109 to realize the movement and fixation of the lifting platform 102 on the guide column 103.

[0063] Specifically, a vertical positioning groove 107 is opened on the guide column 103, and a plurality of positioning holes 108 are opened in the positioning groove 107 along the vertical direction. The distance between two adjacent positioning holes 108 can be the same or different, and the specific spacing can be designed according to actual needs; a locking assembly 109 that can match the positioning holes 108 is provided on the lifting platform 102. When the lifting platform 102 needs to be fixed, the locking assembly 109 is locked with one or more positioning holes 108. When the lifting platform 102 needs to be moved on the guide column 103, the locking assembly 109 is separated from the positioning holes 108; this facilitates the movement and fixation of the lifting platform 102 on the guide column 103, ensures the smoothness of the lifting platform 102 in motion and the stability in a stationary state, and avoids the lifting platform 102 from falling due to weight, thereby causing adjustment errors.

[0064] For further information, see Figure 4 As shown, a specific structure of a locking assembly 109 is provided:

[0065] The locking assembly 109 includes a mounting groove 1092, a two-way hydraulic cylinder 1093 and a movable hole 1091. The mounting groove 1092 is opened on the top surface of the lifting platform 102. The end of the mounting groove 1092 faces the same direction as the opening of the positioning hole 108, and movable holes 1091 are opened at both ends of the mounting groove 1092. One end of the movable hole 1091 is connected to the mounting groove 1092, and the other end of the movable hole 1091 is connected to the positioning hole 108. The two-way hydraulic cylinder 1093 is arranged inside the mounting groove 1092, and the second telescopic rods at both ends of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 1093 are movably arranged inside the movable hole 1091 to realize the clamping and separation of the second telescopic rod and the positioning hole 108.

[0066] Specifically, two mounting grooves 1092 are provided on the top surface of the lifting platform 102. The ends of the mounting grooves 1092 are arranged opposite to the openings of the positioning holes 108, that is, guide posts 103 are provided at both ends of the mounting grooves 1092. One end of the mounting groove 1092 is arranged opposite to the opening of the positioning hole 108 of one of the guide posts 103, and the other end of the mounting groove 1092 is arranged opposite to the opening of the positioning hole 108 of the other guide post 103; a movable hole 1091 is provided on the inner wall of the end of the mounting groove 1092, and one end of the movable hole 1091 is connected to the mounting groove 1092. The movable hole 1091 is connected to the mounting groove 1092. 1 is connected to the positioning hole 108; a two-way hydraulic cylinder 1093 is fixed inside each installation slot 1092, and the second telescopic rods at both ends of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 1093 are movably arranged inside the movable hole 1091; the two-way hydraulic cylinder 1093 can be directly controlled by the control component 5, and the second telescopic rod at the end of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 1093 is extended and retracted inside the movable hole 1091. Since the movable hole 1091 is connected to the positioning hole 108, and the end of the installation slot 1092 is oriented in the same direction as the opening direction of the positioning hole 108, the second telescopic rod can be connected to and separated from the positioning hole 108.

[0067] Preferably, see Figure 4 As shown, a pressure sensor 1010 is provided on the top surface of the lifting platform 102 , and the pressure sensor 1010 is electrically connected to the numerical control terminal 7 to monitor the pressure of the upper steel lattice column 2 on the lifting platform 102 .

[0068] Specifically, during the lifting process, the pressure sensor 1010 installed on the lifting platform 102 monitors its working status and stress conditions in real time; when an abnormal situation is detected, such as when the monitored pressure exceeds the preset range, the cylinder 105 will automatically stop working and issue an alarm signal to ensure construction safety; for example, when the monitored pressure is lower than the preset range, the cylinder 105 will automatically stop working, and it is necessary to check whether the lifting platform 102 is pushing the upper steel lattice column 2 normally.

[0069] Preferably, the monitoring component 6 includes a GPS height measuring instrument 602, a tensile stress sensor 603 and a signal collector 601. The GPS height measuring instrument 602 and the tensile stress sensor 603 are both used to be set on the top surface of the uppermost support beam 9 and are located directly above the center line of the upper steel lattice column 2. The GPS height measuring instrument 602 is wirelessly connected to the CNC terminal 7, the tensile stress sensor 603 is electrically connected to the signal collector 601, and the signal collector 601 is electrically connected to the CNC terminal 7.

[0070] Furthermore, the monitoring component 6 also includes a GPS calibration device 8 to improve the altitude measurement accuracy of the GPS altitude measuring instrument 602.

[0071] Specifically, the GPS calibration measuring instrument is precisely installed at a fixed position outside the foundation pit to ensure that it can receive stable and accurate GPS signals; the GPS calibration measuring instrument establishes a connection with the terminal controller and the GPS height measuring instrument 602 in a wireless manner. This wireless connection can be achieved through wireless communication technologies such as Wi-Fi, Zigbee, or LoRa; before the foundation pit excavation and support structure construction begin, the GPS height measuring instrument 602 is initially calibrated using the GPS calibration measuring instrument. The purpose of this step is to ensure that the GPS height measuring instrument 602 has achieved high accuracy before monitoring begins; during the foundation pit excavation and support structure construction process, as well as in the subsequent monitoring phase, the GPS calibration measuring instrument will regularly calibrate the GPS height measuring instrument 602. The measuring instrument 602 is calibrated to compensate for measurement errors that may be caused by environmental changes (such as temperature changes, atmospheric conditions, etc.). The GPS height measuring instrument 602 continuously collects data on foundation pit deformation and transmits this data wirelessly to the terminal controller. At the same time, the GPS calibration measuring instrument also transmits the GPS signal data it receives (for calibration) to the terminal controller. After receiving the data, the terminal controller uses built-in software algorithms to calibrate and analyze the data collected by the GPS height measuring instrument 602. The purpose of this step is to extract useful deformation information from the raw data and eliminate errors caused by various factors. These processing steps are intended to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data, allowing for more precise measurements and decision-making.

[0072] The elevation of the upper steel lattice column 2 is monitored by the GPS height measuring instrument 602, and the presence of tensile stress on the top surface of the uppermost support beam 9 is monitored by the tensile stress sensor 603. The monitoring results are judged simultaneously by the two data, thereby improving the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0073] It should be noted that traditional GPS measuring devices can only measure elevation change data of about "m" level. If the elevation measurement consists of two GPS measuring devices, one installed on the measured object and the other installed at a fixed point to play an auxiliary role, then the GPS device installed on the measured object can achieve the measurement of "cm" level elevation changes, thereby further improving the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0074] The method for controlling the top elevation of foundation pit columns in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail in Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0075] Provide elevation control device for top of foundation pit columns;

[0076] According to construction requirements and calculations, set the preset elevation A and tensile stress alarm value C;

[0077] The GPS height measuring instrument 602 is used to collect the elevation data B of the upper steel lattice column 2 at each measuring point, and the tensile stress D of the top surface of the uppermost support beam 9 at each measuring point is collected by the tensile stress sensor 603, and the collected data is sent to the numerical control terminal 7;

[0078] Determine whether the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds a threshold. The threshold is the measurement redundancy of elevation and can be designed according to construction requirements.

[0079] If the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold, when the difference between B and A is a positive number, the upper steel lattice column 2 is lowered by the height adjustment component 1 until the lowered elevation value is equal to the difference, and the height adjustment component 1 stops working; when the difference between B and A is a negative number, the upper steel lattice column 2 is raised by the height adjustment component 1 until the raised elevation value is equal to the difference, and the height adjustment component 1 stops working; otherwise, the height adjustment component 1 always stops working;

[0080] Determine whether D exceeds C;

[0081] If D exceeds C, the alarm is activated, a manual review is performed, and the elevation of the upper steel lattice column 2 is adjusted by the height adjustment component 1 until the alarm is turned off. Then, it is determined again whether the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold. Otherwise, it is directly determined again whether the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold.

[0082] Repeat the above steps until the foundation pit construction is completed.

[0083] It can be seen from this that the present invention divides the steel lattice columns into upper steel lattice columns and lower steel lattice columns, and sets a height adjustment component between the upper steel lattice columns and the lower steel lattice columns. The bottom of the lower steel lattice column is inserted into the concrete column pile, and the elevation of the upper steel lattice column, that is, the elevation of the top of the column is monitored in real time by the monitoring component, and the collected monitoring results are sent to the CNC terminal. During the excavation of the foundation pit, when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges, some of the collected monitoring results will change, indicating that some columns are lifted up. At this time, the shear force at the intersection node of the supporting beam and the column increases, so the CNC terminal sends a signal to the control component, and the control component controls the height adjustment component to lower the elevation of the upper steel lattice column until the monitored elevation returns to the initial value. Therefore, the control device can reduce the shear force at the intersection node of the supporting beam and the column when the bottom of the foundation pit bulges.

[0084] Preferably, the GPS height measuring instrument and tensile stress sensor installed at each measuring point collects data according to a preset collection frequency; the GPS height measuring instrument transmits the height data to the CNC terminal in real time via wireless means (such as Wi-Fi, Zigbee, LoRa, etc.); the tensile stress sensor transmits the tensile stress data to the CNC terminal in real time via wired means (such as RS, CAN bus, etc.); the terminal controller maintains a data reception status table to record the timestamp of the most recent data reception at each measuring point; a predetermined time threshold is set to determine whether the data reception has timed out. This time threshold is usually based on the cycle of data collection and transmission, and takes into account a certain amount of redundancy time to ensure that the data is received within the network. There will be no false fault reports due to network delays or temporary equipment failures; the CNC terminal regularly checks the data reception status table and marks the monitoring points that have not received data for more than the predetermined time threshold as fault status; when a fault status is detected, the CNC terminal immediately issues a fault warning. The warning information may include the identification of the fault measuring point, the time when the fault occurred, and the possible fault type (such as communication failure, equipment failure, etc.); by introducing the fault self-check function, not only normal data collection and transmission are achieved, but also the reliability and stability of the system are enhanced. When a fault occurs, the system can detect and issue a warning in time, which facilitates the operator to quickly locate and solve the fault, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the elevation control process at the top of the foundation pit column.

[0085] Preferably, a data storage device is designed based on the above, including a data receiving interface, a data storage unit, a data analysis engine and a data access interface, etc.; the data receiving interface is used to receive real-time data from each measuring point, including elevation data, tensile stress data, etc.; the data storage unit is responsible for storing the received data in a database according to a predetermined format and rules; the data analysis engine is used to pre-process, analyze and generate reports for the stored data; the data access interface provides operations such as querying, modifying and deleting the stored data; according to the data storage requirements, a reasonable database structure is designed, including table structure, index, relationship, etc.; a suitable database management system (DBMS), such as MySQL, PostgreSQL or SQLite, is selected to meet the performance requirements of data storage and access; The received data is preprocessed, including data cleaning, format conversion, and outlier monitoring, to improve data quality; the preprocessed data is stored in the database, including elevation data, tensile stress data, adjustment amount, adjustment time and other information; ensuring that the data of each measuring point has a unique identifier for subsequent data query and analysis; regularly updating and maintaining the database, including data backup, data cleaning, and data migration; monitoring the operating status of the database to promptly discover and resolve potential problems such as data loss, data corruption, or performance degradation; using the data analysis engine to conduct in-depth analysis of the stored data, including trend analysis, correlation analysis, and anomaly monitoring; through analysis, identifying key issues and potential risks in the elevation adjustment process, providing a basis for subsequent adjustments and optimizations.

[0086] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for controlling the top elevation of a foundation pit column, characterized in that: It includes: A height adjustment component (1) is arranged on the steel lattice column and divides the steel lattice column into an upper steel lattice column (2) and a lower steel lattice column (3), wherein the upper steel lattice column (2) is located at the top of the height adjustment component (1) and the lower steel lattice column (3) is located at the bottom of the height adjustment component (1); A control component (5) is electrically connected to the height adjustment component (1), and the control component (5) is used to control the height adjustment component (1); A monitoring component (6) for monitoring the elevation of the upper steel lattice column (2); A numerical control terminal (7) is electrically connected to the control component (5) and the monitoring component (6), so as to obtain data collected by the monitoring component (6) through the numerical control terminal (7) and send the collected data to the control component (5); The height adjustment assembly (1) includes a base (101), a lifting member, and a driving member. The base (101) is arranged at the top end of the lower steel lattice column (3). The lifting member is arranged at the top of the base (101) and is located at the bottom end of the upper steel lattice column (2). The driving member is electrically connected to the control assembly (5) to enable the driving member to drive the lifting member to rise or fall. The lifting member includes a guide column (103) and a lifting platform (102), wherein a plurality of guide columns (103) are vertically arranged on the base (101), and a plurality of sliding holes (104) are opened on the lifting platform (102), wherein the guide columns (103) correspond to the sliding holes (104) one by one, and the guide columns (103) are passed through the sliding holes (104) to enable the lifting platform (102) to move along the setting direction of the guide columns (103), the top surface of the lifting platform (102) is against the bottom end of the upper steel lattice column (2), and the end of the guide column (103) away from the base (101) is arranged inside the limiting guide hole (201) of the upper steel lattice column (2); The guide column (103) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes (108) along its setting direction, and the lifting platform (102) is provided with a locking assembly (109); The locking assembly (109) includes a mounting groove (1092), a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder (1093) and a movable hole (1091), wherein the mounting groove (1092) is provided on the top surface of the lifting platform (102), and the end of the mounting groove (1092) faces the same direction as the opening direction of the positioning hole (108), and movable holes (1091) are provided at both ends of the mounting groove (1092), one end of the movable hole (1091) is connected to the mounting groove (1092), and the other end of the movable hole (1091) is connected to the positioning hole (108), the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder (1093) is fixedly arranged inside the mounting groove (1092), and the second telescopic rods at both ends of the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder (1093) are movably arranged inside the movable hole (1091) to achieve the clamping and separation of the second telescopic rod and the positioning hole (108); The end of the mounting groove (1092) is arranged opposite to the opening of the positioning hole (108), that is, the two ends of the mounting groove (1092) are provided with guide columns (103), one end of the mounting groove (1092) is arranged opposite to the opening of the positioning hole (108) of one of the guide columns (103), and the other end of the mounting groove (1092) is arranged opposite to the opening of the positioning hole (108) of the other guide column (103); The bidirectional hydraulic cylinder (1093) is electrically connected to the control component (5).

2. The device for controlling the top elevation of foundation pit columns according to claim 1, wherein: The driving member includes a cylinder (105) and a fixing seat (106), the cylinder (105) is fixed to the top of the lower steel lattice column (3) through the fixing seat (106), a first telescopic rod is provided on the cylinder (105), one end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the cylinder (105), and the other end of the first telescopic rod is against the bottom surface of the lifting platform (102), and the cylinder (105) is electrically connected to the control component (5).

3. The device for controlling the top elevation of foundation pit columns according to claim 1, wherein: A pressure sensor (1010) is provided on the top surface of the lifting platform (102), and the pressure sensor (1010) is electrically connected to the numerical control terminal (7) to monitor the pressure of the upper steel lattice column (2) on the lifting platform (102).

4. The device for controlling the top elevation of foundation pit columns according to claim 1, wherein: The monitoring component (6) includes a GPS height measuring instrument (602), a tensile stress sensor (603) and a signal collector (601). The GPS height measuring instrument (602) and the tensile stress sensor (603) are both arranged on the top surface of the uppermost support beam (9) and are located directly above the center line of the upper steel lattice column (2). The GPS height measuring instrument (602) is connected to the numerical control terminal (7) via a wireless signal, the tensile stress sensor (603) is electrically connected to the signal collector (601), and the signal collector (601) is electrically connected to the numerical control terminal (7).

5. The device for controlling the top elevation of foundation pit columns according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring component (6) further includes a GPS calibration device (8) to improve the altitude measurement accuracy of the GPS altitude measuring instrument (602).

6. A method for controlling the top elevation of a foundation pit column, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Providing a foundation pit column top elevation control device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; Set the preset elevation A and tensile stress alarm value C; Collecting the elevation data B of the upper steel lattice column (2) and the tensile stress D of the top surface of the uppermost support beam (9) at each measuring point; Determine whether the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold; If the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold, when the difference between B and A is a positive number, the upper steel lattice column (2) is lowered by the height adjustment component (1) until the lowered elevation value is equal to the difference, and the height adjustment component (1) stops working; when the difference between B and A is a negative number, the upper steel lattice column (2) is raised by the height adjustment component (1) until the raised elevation value is equal to the difference, and the height adjustment component (1) stops working; otherwise, the height adjustment component (1) always stops working; Determine whether D exceeds C; If D exceeds C, the alarm is activated, a manual review is performed, and the elevation of the upper steel lattice column (2) is adjusted by the height adjustment component (1) until the alarm is turned off, and it is determined again whether the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold; otherwise, it is directly determined again whether the absolute value of the difference between B and A exceeds the threshold; Repeat the above steps until the foundation pit construction is completed.

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