Drag head and trailing suction dredger

Abstract

The invention discloses a drag head and a drag suction dredger, and belongs to the technical field of dredging construction equipment. The rake comprises a movable cover, rake teeth and a grid, wherein the movable cover is of a cavity structure with an opening; the rake teeth are arranged at the front end of the movable cover and located in the cavity structure of the movable cover, and the rake teeth are used for conducting construction on a dredging working face; the grille is detachably connected with the inner wall of the movable cover, a flushing assembly is arranged in the movable cover and comprises a plurality of spray heads and a direction regulating and controlling unit, and the direction regulating and controlling unit is connected with the spray heads so as to regulate and control the spray heads to be switched between the grille and the rake teeth and clear and dredge blockages. Stone clamped in the grating can be loosened, so that the stone automatically falls off, the filtering performance of the grating is recovered, and the rake head is prevented from being blocked or damaged by the stone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dredging construction equipment, and in particular to a drag head and a trailing suction hopper dredger. Background Art

[0002] The drag head is used for a trailing suction hopper dredger and is the front-end equipment of the pipeline for the trailing suction hopper dredger to suck sediment or slurry. It is one of the main equipment reflecting the dredging capacity. The quality of the drag head directly affects the working efficiency of the trailing suction hopper dredger.

[0003] The working principle of the trailing suction hopper dredger: The drag teeth of the drag head penetrate into the riverbed soil layer. By changing the angle of the movable hood, the penetration depth of the drag teeth is adjusted to ensure the drag suction efficiency. The drag head is provided with a high-pressure flushing system. Through the high-pressure water pressure, the riverbed soil layer is loosened to form a mixed fluid such as sand, stones, and slurry, which is transported to the cabin through the pump suction pipe body.

[0004] Since the underwater conditions are usually relatively complex, such as the existence of debris such as boulders, boulders will enter the drag head and the pipeline during the drag suction process of the drag head. In severe cases, situations such as plugging of the mouth, pipe, and pump will occur, affecting the progress of the drag suction construction. To solve the above problems, the usual measure is to install a grille at the drag suction port, and the grille is used to block debris such as boulders from entering. However, it is found in actual work that the method of installing a traditional grille cannot fundamentally solve the blockage problem, and boulders will still get stuck in the grille. When the amount of stuck boulders reaches a certain level, the drag suction port will be blocked, and only after stopping the machine for cleaning can further construction be carried out. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a drag head and a trailing suction hopper dredger to solve the problem that the grid of the existing drag head is easily blocked.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a drag head, including: a movable hood, drag teeth, and a grille. The movable hood is a cavity structure with an opening; the drag teeth are arranged at the front end of the movable hood and are located in the cavity structure of the movable hood, and the drag teeth are used for constructing the dredging working surface; the grille is detachably connected to the inner wall of the movable hood. Its characteristic lies in that a flushing assembly is arranged in the movable hood, and the flushing assembly includes a plurality of nozzles and a direction control unit. The direction control unit is respectively connected to the plurality of nozzles to control the orientation of the plurality of nozzles to switch between the grille and the drag teeth to clear blockages.

[0007] Furthermore, the flushing assembly further includes a first entity for covering the nozzles. The first entity is fixedly connected to the movable hood. The direction control unit includes a second entity for partially connecting to the nozzles. The second entity is slidably clamped with the first entity, and the second entity can bend the nozzles along the Y-axis direction.

[0008] Further, the flushing assembly further includes a first driving unit and a first guiding unit. The first guiding unit includes a sliding groove formed in the first entity and a clamping body provided on the second entity. The clamping body is slidably clamped in the sliding groove. The first driving unit is disposed between the first entity and the second entity, and the first driving unit can drive the second entity to move relative to the first entity in the Y-axis direction.

[0009] Further, the direction control unit further includes a third entity for connecting with the nozzle part. The third entity is slidably clamped with the second entity, and the third entity can bend the nozzle in the X-axis direction.

[0010] Further, the flushing assembly further includes a second driving unit and a second guiding unit. The second guiding unit includes a sliding groove formed in the second entity and a clamping body provided on the third entity. The clamping body is slidably clamped in the sliding groove. The second driving unit is disposed between the second entity and the third entity, and the second driving unit can drive the third entity to move relative to the second entity in the X-axis direction.

[0011] Further, the grille includes a first grid, a second grid, and an elastic connecting member. One side of the first grid is hinged to one side of the second grid. The partition directions of the first grid and the second grid are perpendicular to each other. The elastic connecting member is respectively connected to the other sides of the first grid and the second grid. The nozzle can act on the second grid to make the second grid vibrate relative to the first grid.

[0012] Further, the other sides of the first grid and the second grid are relatively staggered, and the two ends of the elastic connecting member are respectively connected to the other sides of the first grid and the second grid.

[0013] Further, an impact plate is provided on the second grid opposite to the nozzle, and the impact plate can increase the impact force of the water flow on the second grid.

[0014] Further, the flushing assembly further includes a water conveying unit for connecting the water pump and the nozzle. The water conveying unit includes multiple sections of conveying pipes and connecting joints. Adjacent two conveying pipes are connected by the connecting joints, and adjacent two conveying pipes can rotate relative to the connecting joints.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a trailing suction hopper dredger, including a hull and the above-mentioned type of rake head, and the rake head is installed on the hull.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] A drag head and a trailing suction hopper dredger of the present invention are provided with a flushing assembly in the movable cover. The flushing assembly includes a plurality of nozzles and a direction control unit. The direction control unit is respectively connected to the plurality of nozzles, and the direction control unit can adjust the orientation of the nozzles so that the nozzles can switch between the grille and the drag teeth. When the nozzles face the drag teeth, the high-pressure jet ejected by the nozzles can act on the drag teeth to clean the accumulated mud and blockages on the drag teeth. When the nozzles face the grille, the high-pressure jet ejected by the nozzles can act on the grille to break and loosen the boulders or other objects that have entered the drag head, prevent them from getting stuck further, and help resume the dredging process. When the nozzles are between the drag teeth and the grille, the nozzles can act on the mud bed to loosen the mud bed and facilitate the excavation of the drag teeth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 is the structural schematic of the whole of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 is the structural schematic of the whole of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 3 is the structural schematic of the flushing assembly in the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 4 is the structural schematic of the flushing assembly in the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the structural schematic of the partial enlargement at location A of

[0024] Figure 6 is the structural schematic of the grille in the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 7 is the structural schematic of the grille in the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0026] In the figure, 100, movable cover;

[0027] 200, drag teeth;

[0028] 300, grille; 310, first grid; 320, second grid; 321, impact plate; 330, elastic connection member;

[0029] 400. Flushing assembly; 410. Nozzle; 420. Regulation unit; 421. Second entity; 422. Third entity; 430. First entity; 440. First driving unit; 450. Second driving unit; 460. Water conveyance unit; 461. Conveying pipe; 462. Connecting joint. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] The following will specifically describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings form a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the principles of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0031] In a drag head and a trailing suction hopper dredger in this embodiment, by using a flushing structure for the mud bed and the drag teeth 200, the grille 300 can be dredged, the stones stuck in the grille 300 can be loosened, so that the stones fall off automatically, the filtering performance of the grille 300 can be restored, and the drag head can be prevented from being blocked or damaged by stones.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , a drag head in this embodiment, as the existing technical content, the drag head includes a movable cover 100, drag teeth 200 and a grille 300. The movable cover 100 is a cavity structure with an opening. The drag teeth 200 are arranged at the front end of the movable cover 100 and are located in the cavity structure of the movable cover 100. The drag teeth 200 are used for construction on the dredging working surface. The main function of the grille 300 is to filter large debris or stones to ensure that only sediment can smoothly enter the mud system without blocking the pump port or pipeline. The grille 300 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the movable cover 100 and can be replaced or repaired when damaged.

[0033] A flushing assembly 400 is arranged in the movable cover 100. The flushing assembly 400 includes a plurality of nozzles 410 and a direction regulation unit 420. The direction regulation unit 420 is respectively connected to the plurality of nozzles 410. The direction regulation unit 420 can adjust the orientation of the nozzles 410 so that the nozzles 410 can be switched between the grille 300 and the drag teeth 200. When the nozzles 410 face the drag teeth 200, the high-pressure jet sprayed by the nozzles 410 can act on the drag teeth 200 to clean the accumulated mud and blockage on the drag teeth 200. When the nozzles 410 face the grille 300, the high-pressure jet sprayed by the nozzles 410 can act on the grille 300 to break and loosen the boulders or other objects that have entered the drag head to prevent them from being further stuck and help restore the dredging process. When the nozzles 410 are between the drag teeth 200 and the grille 300, the nozzles 410 can act on the mud bed to loosen the mud bed for the excavation of the drag teeth 200.

[0034] During use, multiple spray heads 410 switch and move between the grille 300 and the rake teeth 200, and respectively perform high-pressure cleaning on the grille 300, the sludge bed, and the rake teeth 200 to remove blockages and maintain the suction efficiency of the rake head.

[0035] It should be noted that multiple spray heads 410 arranged at equal intervals are divided into two groups, and the two groups of spray heads are arranged staggeredly, so that the sprayed water flow can cover a larger area. The staggeredly arranged liquid flow can impact the accumulated sludge adhering to the inner wall of the movable cover and the rake teeth more evenly, avoid local liquid flow dead corners, and reduce the accumulation of adhesives.

[0036] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 3 to 5 , the flushing assembly 400 further includes a first entity 430 for covering the spray head 410. The first entity 430 is fixedly connected to the movable cover 100. The direction control unit 420 includes a second entity 421. The spray head 410 passes through the first entity 430 and the second entity 421 in sequence and is partially connected to the second entity 421. The second entity 421 is slidably clamped to the first entity 430. By driving the second entity 421 to move in the Y-axis direction relative to the first entity 430, multiple spray heads 410 can be simultaneously driven to bend in the Y-axis direction, ensuring that the spray heads 410 can accurately align with the target area for efficient cleaning. For complex underwater conditions, the spray heads 410 can flexibly handle different blockage problems.

[0037] Combined with the direction control unit 420, the operation of the entire flushing assembly 400 can become more automated and intelligent. Through fine adjustment of the spray heads 410, the spray heads 410 can automatically adjust their directions according to the real-time monitored environmental conditions, so as to perform targeted cleaning according to the actual underwater conditions (such as different types of blockages). This makes the entire system more intelligent and reduces human operation errors.

[0038] It should be noted that the spray head 410 is a bendable composite material pipe. A clamp is clamped on the pipe, and the clamp is connected to the second entity 421 through a rotating shaft. The axial direction of the rotating shaft is consistent with the axial direction of the X-axis. The spray head 410 can be driven by the second entity 421 and bend in the Y-axis direction, realizing the switching of the orientation of the spray head 410 between the grille 300 and the rake teeth 200, and respectively performing high-pressure cleaning on the grille 300, the sludge bed, and the rake teeth 200.

[0039] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figures 3 to 5 , the flushing assembly 400 further includes a first driving unit 440 and a first guiding unit. The first guiding unit includes a sliding groove opened in the first entity 430 and a clamping body arranged on the second entity 421. The clamping body is slidably clamped in the sliding groove.

[0040] The mating design of the chute and the clamping body can ensure the accurate movement of the second entity 421 in the Y-axis direction, avoiding the deviation of the nozzle 410 direction caused by mistakes. The cooperation between the clamping body and the chute ensures the guiding accuracy and avoids the error of the nozzle 410 direction. The guiding unit prevents the second entity 421 from moving freely or irregularly along the Y-axis direction, ensures the stability of the nozzle 410 during adjustment, and restricts unnecessary free movement.

[0041] The cooperation between the chute and the clamping body enables the second entity 421 to slide only along a specific trajectory, avoiding excessive or irregular directional movement and ensuring that the control range of the nozzle 410 does not get out of control. The guiding unit helps prevent excessive bending or uncontrolled movement of the nozzle 410 during adjustment.

[0042] The first driving unit 440 is arranged between the first entity 430 and the second entity 421. The first driving unit 440 provides power for the second entity 421 and can push the second entity 421 to slide along the Y-axis direction. By precisely controlling the driving force of the driving unit, fine adjustment of the nozzle 410 direction can be achieved, ensuring that the nozzle 410 can be adjusted to an accurate position for effective cleaning of different areas.

[0043] The design of the driving unit must ensure the smooth movement of the second entity 421 along the Y-axis, avoiding inaccurate direction control or vibration of the nozzle 410 caused by too fast or uneven movement. This can reduce mechanical friction, extend the service life, and maintain the stability of the working process.

[0044] In the specific implementation process, the first driving unit 440 includes a hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the first entity 430, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the second entity 421. The hydraulic cylinder can drive the second entity 421 to move relative to the first entity 430.

[0045] The first driving unit 440 and the first guiding unit, their coordinated action can ensure that the nozzle 410 is adjusted at the required precise position, avoid deviation, and can adapt to various underwater environments and obstacles, maintaining the high efficiency of the trailing suction operation. Through the cooperative work of the driving unit and the guiding unit, the adjustment of the nozzle 410 is more stable and smooth, reducing the probability of mechanical wear and failure, and enhancing the long-term operation reliability of the entire system.

[0046] In some embodiments, the direction control unit 420 further includes a third entity 422 for partially connecting to the nozzle 410. The third entity 422 is slidably clamped to the second entity 421. The third entity 422 enables the nozzle 410 to bend in the X-axis direction, such that the nozzle 410 can not only be adjusted in the Y-axis direction (through the second entity 421), but also swing left and right (in the X-axis direction), thereby performing dredging operations more flexibly in complex underwater environments, achieving two-dimensional adjustment. This two-dimensional adjustment mode of two-way bending can better adapt to blockage conditions at different positions, making the coverage range of the flushing system wider and the cleaning efficiency higher.

[0047] In the specific implementation process, the flushing assembly 400 further includes a second driving unit 450 and a second guiding unit. The second guiding unit includes a sliding groove formed in the second entity 421 and a clamping body disposed on the third entity 422. The clamping body is slidably clamped in the sliding groove.

[0048] The settings of the sliding groove and the clamping body ensure that the third entity 422 can only move in the X-axis direction, avoiding disorderly movement or angular deviation, and improving the accuracy of the adjustment of the nozzle 410. Due to the limitation of the guiding unit, the nozzle 410 will not be offset due to water flow impact or driving error, ensuring the stability and controllability of the flushing operation.

[0049] The second driving unit 450 is disposed between the second entity 421 and the third entity 422. The second driving unit 450 can drive the third entity 422 to move along the X-axis direction, realizing the adjustment of the nozzle 410 along the X-axis direction, enabling the nozzle 410 to swing left and right, accurately aiming at blockages at different positions, and improving the flushing coverage range.

[0050] Through the precise control of the second driving unit 450, the nozzle 410 can adjust the angle according to the actual blockage situation, making the direction adjustment of the nozzle 410 more flexible and controllable, and can be accurately positioned according to the working requirements, avoiding the efficiency decline caused by fixed direction.

[0051] The second driving unit 450 can provide power to ensure that the nozzle 410 can move along the X-axis direction to realize direction adjustment. The second guiding unit provides precise guidance to ensure that the nozzle 410 will not deviate from the track, making the adjustment in the X-axis direction more accurate and stable.

[0052] The combination of the second driving unit 450 and the second guiding unit enables the nozzle 410 to achieve precise adjustment in the X-axis direction, improves the cleaning efficiency of blockages, avoids the problem of fixed direction in traditional designs, and improves the flexibility of dredging operations.

[0053] The setting of the second driving unit 450 + the second guiding unit enables the nozzle 410 to be flexibly adjusted in the X-axis direction. In cooperation with the adjustment in the Y-axis direction (the first driving unit 440 + the first guiding unit), X+Y biaxial control is achieved, enabling the nozzle 410 to have higher dredging accuracy and flexibility, thereby greatly improving the dredging capacity and operation efficiency of the drag head.

[0054] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the grille 300 includes a first grid 310, a second grid 320, and an elastic connecting member 330. One side of the first grid 310 is hinged to one side of the second grid 320. The partition directions of the first grid 310 and the second grid 320 are perpendicular to each other. The first grid 310 and the second grid 320 can cooperate with each other to form a cross partition to prevent the passage of stones.

[0055] The elastic connecting member 330 is respectively connected to the other sides of the first grid 310 and the second grid 320; the nozzle 410 can act on the second grid 320 to make the second grid 320 vibrate relative to the first grid 310.

[0056] The first grid 310 and the second grid 320 are hinged, and the second grid 320 can vibrate relative to the first grid 310, effectively loosening and shaking off the attached boulders and sediment, making it easier for debris to be discharged through the flushing system.

[0057] The nozzle 410 directly acts on the second grid 320 to make it vibrate under the impact of water flow. The design of the elastic connecting member 330 ensures that the vibration does not affect the stability of the entire drag head, and at the same time provides a certain restoring force to make the second grid 320 return to its original position after the water flow stops.

[0058] Ordinary fixed grilles 300 will accumulate debris over time, resulting in the gradual blockage of the suction inlet and reducing the drag suction efficiency.

[0059] Since the nozzle 410 acts on the second grid 320, it generates periodic vibrations under the impact of water flow, making it easier to peel off the attached sediment, silt, and small boulders.

[0060] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 , an impact plate 321 is provided on the second grid 320. The impact plate 321 is arranged opposite to the nozzle 410. The impact plate 321 can enhance the water flow impact force, improve the vibration effect, and ultimately optimize the self-cleaning ability of the grille 300 to prevent blockage.

[0061] The impact plate 321, as the medium for the water flow to strike against, can gather and amplify the energy of the jet water flow, making the acting force of the water flow on the second grid 320 greater. Since stronger pressure fluctuations will be generated after the water flow passes through the impact plate 321 and the energy is more concentrated, the vibration amplitude of the second grid 320 increases, improving the cleaning effect.

[0062] The presence of the impact plate 321 breaks up and evenly distributes the water flow, ensuring that the entire surface of the second grid 320 can receive sufficient impact force and improving the comprehensiveness of cleaning. After the water flow rebounds on the impact plate 321, it will spread at a wider angle, enabling the vibration energy to cover the entire grid 300 and avoiding local blockage.

[0063] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the flushing assembly 400 further includes a water conveyance unit 460 for connecting the water pump and the nozzle 410. The water conveyance unit 460 includes multiple sections of delivery pipes 461 and connection joints. Since the connection joints allow the delivery pipes to rotate relative to each other, the entire water conveyance system can be flexibly adjusted according to the change in the angle of the rake head, thus cooperating with the rotation of the movable cover 100.

[0064] The adoption of the setting of multiple sections of delivery pipes 461 + connection joints 462 significantly improves the flexibility, durability and efficiency of the flushing system. When a rigid delivery pipe is subjected to external forces (such as bending and deformation), local pipe deformation is likely to occur, resulting in water flow obstruction, water pressure drop, and affecting the spraying effect.

[0065] The present application provides a trailing suction hopper dredger, including a hull and a rake head mounted on the hull. The improved rake head adopts an adjustable nozzle 410, which can adjust the spraying angle according to the construction conditions to ensure effective flushing of the blockage. At the same time, a vibratable grid 300 structure is arranged inside the rake head, which can actively clean the attached debris and reduce the risk of blockage. Through the direction control unit 420, the nozzle 410 can switch between the rake teeth 200 and the grid 300 to adapt to different construction requirements.

[0066] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A rake head, comprising: A movable cover, rake teeth and a grille, wherein the movable cover is a cavity structure with an opening; the rake teeth are arranged at the front end of the movable cover and are located in the cavity structure of the movable cover, and the rake teeth are used to construct a dredging working surface; the grille is detachably connected to the inner wall of the movable cover, and is characterized in that a flushing component is provided in the movable cover, and the flushing component includes a plurality of nozzles and a direction control unit, and the direction control unit is respectively connected to the plurality of nozzles to adjust the directions of the plurality of nozzles to switch between the grille and the rake teeth to clear blockages.

2. A drag head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing assembly also includes a first entity for covering the nozzle, the first entity is fixedly connected to the movable cover, and the direction control unit includes a second entity for connecting to the nozzle part, the second entity is slidably engaged with the first entity, and the second entity can bend the nozzle along the Y-axis direction.

3. A drag head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flushing assembly also includes a first driving unit and a first guiding unit, the first guiding unit includes a slide groove opened in the first entity and a clamping body arranged on the second entity, and the clamping body is slidably engaged in the slide groove; the first driving unit is arranged between the first entity and the second entity, and the first driving unit can drive the second entity to move relative to the first entity along the Y-axis direction.

4. A drag head according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The direction control unit further includes a third entity for connecting with the nozzle part, the third entity is slidably engaged with the second entity, and the third entity can bend the nozzle along the X-axis direction.

5. A drag head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flushing assembly also includes a second driving unit and a second guiding unit, the second guiding unit includes a slide groove opened in the second entity and a snap-in body arranged on the third entity, the snap-in body is slidably engaged in the slide groove; the second driving unit is arranged between the second entity and the third entity, and the second driving unit can drive the third entity to move along the X-axis direction relative to the second entity.

6. A drag head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grille includes a first grid, a second grid and an elastic connecting member, one side of the first grid is hinged to one side of the second grid, the partition directions of the first grid and the second grid are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the elastic connecting member is connected to the other sides of the first grid and the second grid respectively; the nozzle can act on the second grid so that the second grid vibrates relative to the first grid.

7. A drag head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The other sides of the first grid and the second grid are arranged in an interlaced manner relative to each other, and both ends of the elastic connecting member are connected to the other sides of the first grid and the second grid respectively.

8. A drag head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second grid is provided with an impact plate arranged opposite to the nozzle, and the impact plate can increase the impact force of the water flow relative to the second grid.

9. A drag head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing assembly also includes a water delivery unit for connecting the water pump and the nozzle, the water delivery unit includes a plurality of delivery pipes and a connecting section, two adjacent water delivery pipes are connected by the connecting section, and the two adjacent water delivery pipes can rotate relative to the connecting section.

10. A trailing suction dredger, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hull and a drag head as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the drag head is installed on the hull.

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