Self-balancing axial pressure loading device for explosion test of shear wall test piece

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-balancing axial pressure loading device for an explosion test of a shear wall test piece, and the self-balancing axial pressure loading device comprises a rack which is of a frame type structure; the top of the base supports the rack and the shear wall test piece; the hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged at the central position of the top of the rack and is used for continuously applying axial pressure to the shear wall test piece downwards before explosion occurs and when the explosion occurs; the adjustable cross beams are movably arranged on the two symmetrical sides of the rack, and the fixing positions of the hydraulic oil cylinders are changed along with the height positions of the two adjustable cross beams so as to adapt to shear wall test pieces with different heights; the top of the pressing plate is connected with an oil cylinder rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the bottom end face of the pressing plate is used for being attached to the top end face of the shear wall test piece so as to ensure uniform distribution of force during load application; the device has the advantages that the device simultaneously has the functions of axial pressure loading and explosion impact test, can adapt to tests of shear wall test pieces with different sizes, is convenient to mount and dismount, is wide in test site selection range, and can ensure the precision of a test result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of building structural mechanics testing, and particularly relates to a self-balanced axial compression loading device for explosion tests of shear wall specimens, which can synchronously achieve axial pressure loading and explosion shock simulation, and is used to evaluate the comprehensive mechanical properties of shear walls under explosion conditions. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of building engineering and structural mechanics, shear walls, as the core lateral force resisting members in building structures, are widely used in projects such as high-rise buildings and underground structures. Their main function is to bear horizontal shear forces and vertical loads, ensuring the stability and safety of the structure. Therefore, testing and evaluating the mechanical properties of shear walls is a key link in engineering design and construction.

[0003] Traditional shear wall mechanical property testing techniques mainly include static loading tests, dynamic loading tests, and explosion tests. Static loading tests are usually used to evaluate the mechanical properties of shear walls under static loads, such as compressive strength, shear strength, etc. Dynamic loading tests simulate the dynamic loads in real projects to evaluate the response and stability of shear walls under instantaneous impacts. Explosion tests further evaluate the blast resistance of shear walls through shock waves and fragment impacts under real explosion conditions.

[0004] Although existing shear wall mechanical property testing devices have played an important role in the evaluation of shear wall mechanical properties, they still have significant limitations in simulating the complex stress conditions in real projects. First, existing static loading test devices can apply axial pressure or shear force, but they cannot simulate the instantaneous loads under explosion shocks and lack dynamic loading functions, making it difficult to comprehensively reflect the mechanical behavior of shear walls in complex environments. Second, existing dynamic loading test devices can simulate dynamic loads, but they usually do not have the instantaneous impact ability required for explosion tests and cannot simulate the shock waves and fragment impacts generated by explosions. Third, existing explosion test devices can simulate explosion shocks, but they usually do not have the function of continuously applying axial force and cannot perform mechanical loading simultaneously, making it difficult to simulate the complex stress conditions of shear walls under explosion conditions.

[0005] The above-mentioned test devices focus on one of mechanical loading or explosion tests and have limitations in function.

[0006] In addition to functional limitations, existing test devices also have deficiencies in terms of adaptability and site compatibility. The designs of many devices are fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the height or width of shear wall specimens, resulting in the need to replace the entire device or redesign the test platform when testing shear wall specimens of different sizes. Moreover, existing test devices usually adopt an integrated design, with complex installation and disassembly processes, making it inconvenient for rapid deployment and maintenance in different experimental scenarios. Explosion test devices usually require foundation reinforcement to provide sufficient reaction force to balance the applied load, which restricts the selection of test sites, increases the preparation time and cost of the test. These devices are difficult to adapt to the test requirements of outdoor or temporary sites, limiting the flexibility and application scenarios of the test.

[0007] In terms of test accuracy, existing test devices also have deficiencies. When applying a load, it is difficult for existing test devices to ensure uniform distribution of the load, which may lead to deviations in test results. These problems not only limit the test efficiency but also affect the reliability and practicality of test results. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a self-balanced axial compression loading device for explosion tests of shear wall specimens, which has both axial pressure loading and explosion shock test functions, can adapt to tests of shear wall specimens of different sizes, is convenient for installation and disassembly, has a wide range of test site selection, and can ensure the accuracy of test results.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A self-balanced axial compression loading device for explosion tests of shear wall specimens, characterized by comprising: A frame, which adopts a frame structure; A base, the top of which supports the frame and the shear wall specimen; A hydraulic cylinder, which is arranged at the central position on the top of the frame and is used to continuously apply axial pressure downward to the shear wall specimen before and during the explosion; An adjustable crossbeam, which is movably arranged on the symmetric sides of the frame, and the fixed position of the hydraulic cylinder changes with the height positions of the two adjustable crossbeams to adapt to shear wall specimens of different heights; A pressing plate, the top of which is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom end face of which is used to fit with the top end face of the shear wall specimen to ensure uniform distribution of force when applying the load.

[0010] The frame is formed by four vertical profiles distributed in a rectangle, and the bottom of the vertical profiles is fixedly connected to the top of the base. Through the fixed connection of the four vertical profiles and the base, a stable and high-strength frame structure is provided, ensuring the overall stability of the device during the explosion test, while simplifying the design and manufacturing process.

[0011] The two adjustable cross beams are symmetrically distributed, and each adjustable cross beam is movably horizontally arranged between the upper parts of two of the vertical profiles on the same side.

[0012] The device further includes an oil cylinder fixing beam, which is mounted on the two adjustable cross beams, and the hydraulic oil cylinder is fixed at the central position of the oil cylinder fixing beam. The design of the oil cylinder fixing beam ensures the stable fixation of the hydraulic oil cylinder and the uniform distribution of the axial pressure, further improving the stability and test accuracy of the device, and facilitating the maintenance and replacement of components at the same time.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1) Dual-functional design: The device has both axial compression loading and explosion test functions. The device continuously applies axial pressure through the hydraulic oil cylinder before and during the explosion, simulating the stress conditions of the concrete shear wall in a complex environment. This design can better reflect the complexity and diversity of the stressed structures in real engineering, and improve the practical application value of the explosion test.

[0014] 2) High adaptability: The design of the adjustable cross beam enables the device to adapt to shear wall specimens of different sizes. This flexibility is very important because different tests may require testing shear wall specimens of different heights or specifications. By adjusting the height position of the adjustable cross beam, different shear wall specimens can be quickly adapted without replacing the entire device or re-designing, which significantly improves the use efficiency and applicability of the entire device.

[0015] 3) Easy installation and disassembly: The device has a modular feature, which can be more conveniently disassembled, moved and reinstalled. Especially in outdoor or different test scenarios, the modular design not only increases the operation flexibility, but also simplifies the maintenance and replacement process of the entire device.

[0016] 4) Compatible with various sites: The device adopts a self-balanced reaction frame composed of four vertical profiles and a base to provide a reaction force balanced with the test applied force. In the past, the axial compression loading device under explosion action needed to carry out foundation reinforcement and relied on the ground reaction force to provide the balance force, which restricted the test sites. The device has greater flexibility and can adapt to the environmental changes that may occur outdoors, expanding the application scenarios of the device.

[0017] 5) The bottom end face of the pressure plate in the device is used to fit with the top end face of the shear wall specimen to ensure the uniform distribution of the applied load and ensure the accuracy of the test results. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic perspective view of the self-balanced axial compression loading device (with shear wall specimen) for the embodiment; Figure 2 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the self-balanced axial compression loading device (without shear wall specimen) for the embodiment; Figure 3 Front view of the self-balanced axial compression loading device (with shear wall specimen) for the embodiment; Figure 4 Side view of the self-balanced axial compression loading device (with shear wall specimen) for the embodiment. Specific implementation manners

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] A self-balanced axial compression loading device for explosion tests of shear wall specimens proposed in this embodiment, as shown in the figure, includes: a frame 1, which adopts a frame structure; a base 2, the top of which supports the frame 1 and the shear wall specimen 9; a hydraulic cylinder 3, which is arranged at the central position on the top of the frame 1 and is used to continuously apply axial pressure downward to the shear wall specimen 9 before and during the explosion, and the required axial pressure can be adjusted by controlling the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 3; an adjustable cross beam 4, which is movably arranged on the symmetric two sides of the frame 1, and the fixed position of the hydraulic cylinder 3 changes with the height positions of the two adjustable cross beams 4 to adapt to shear wall specimens 9 of different heights. During application, the height positions of the two adjustable cross beams 4 on the frame 1 can be adjusted according to the heights of different shear wall specimens 9, so that shear wall specimens 9 of different heights can be adapted, and the flexibility is relatively high; a pressing plate 5, the top of which is connected to the cylinder rod 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 3, and the bottom end face of which is used to fit with the top end face of the shear wall specimen 9 to ensure uniform distribution of force when applying the load.

[0021] Further defined, the frame 1 is formed by four vertical profiles 11 distributed in a rectangle, and the bottom of the vertical profiles 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 2. Through the fixed connection between the four vertical profiles 11 and the base 2, a stable and high-strength frame structure is provided to ensure the overall stability of the device during the explosion test, and at the same time, the design and manufacturing processes are simplified.

[0022] Further defined, the two adjustable cross beams 4 are symmetrically distributed, and each adjustable cross beam 4 is movably horizontally arranged between the upper parts of two of the vertical profiles 11 on the same side.

[0023] Further defined, the device further includes an oil cylinder fixing beam 6, the oil cylinder fixing beam 6 is erected on the two adjustable cross beams 4, and the hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixed at the central position of the oil cylinder fixing beam 6. The design of the oil cylinder fixing beam 6 ensures the stable fixation of the hydraulic cylinder 3 and the uniform distribution of the axial pressure, further improves the stability and test accuracy of the device, and is convenient for maintenance and replacement of components.

[0024] In the specific design, the adjustable cross beam 4 and the oil cylinder fixed beam 6 can be made into an integral body, and any integral structure or split structure that can achieve up and down adjustment and can fix the hydraulic cylinder 3 is acceptable.

[0025] In this embodiment, the base 2 and the frame 1 are fixed into an integral body to provide the bearing capacity and stability of the whole device. When designing, the size of the frame 1 is required to be able to withstand a large reaction force, especially the instantaneous impact that may occur during the explosion test. The design of the base 2 should ensure that there is no deviation or vibration during the test. The size design of a device in an example is as follows: the length of the base 2 is 2600 mm, the width of the base 2 is 1600 mm. A reasonable size of the base 2 can provide enough contact area to maintain the stability of the whole device and prevent flipping or sliding during the explosion test; the height of the vertical profile 11 is 3970 mm, and this height can meet the test requirements of the shear wall specimen 9 with a relatively large size; the width of the shear wall specimen 9 is 780 mm, the length of the shear wall specimen 9 is 1760 mm, the distance between the inner sides of the two vertical profiles 11 on the same side is greater than 780 mm, and the distance between the inner sides of the vertical profiles 11 on both sides is greater than 1760 mm.

Claims

1. A self-balancing axial pressure loading device for shear wall specimen explosion test, characterized in that include: A rack, which adopts a frame structure; A base, the top of which supports the frame and the shear wall specimen; A hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the top center of the frame and is used to continuously apply axial pressure downward to the shear wall specimen before and during an explosion; An adjustable crossbeam is movably arranged on two symmetrical sides of the frame, and the fixed position of the hydraulic cylinder changes with the height position of the two adjustable crossbeams to adapt to shear wall specimens of different heights; The top of the pressure plate is connected to the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom end surface is used to fit with the top end surface of the shear wall specimen to ensure uniform distribution of force when the load is applied.

2. A self-balancing axial pressure loading device for shear wall specimen explosion test according to claim 1, characterized in that The frame is formed by four vertical profiles distributed in a rectangular shape, and the bottom of the vertical profile is fixedly connected to the top of the base.

3. A self-balancing axial pressure loading device for shear wall specimen explosion test according to claim 2, characterized in that The two adjustable cross beams are symmetrically distributed, and each adjustable cross beam is movably arranged horizontally between the upper parts of two of the vertical profiles on the same side.

4. A self-balancing axial pressure loading device for shear wall specimen explosion test according to claim 3, characterized in that The device also includes an oil cylinder fixing beam, which is mounted on the two adjustable cross beams, and the hydraulic oil cylinder is fixed at the center position of the oil cylinder fixing beam.

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