Static soil pressure testing device for single bin of laminated plate pipe gallery

Abstract

The invention discloses a laminated plate pipe gallery single-bin static soil pressure test device, and relates to the technical field of pressure tests. Through the vertical pressurizing mechanism and the horizontal pressurizing mechanism, tension and pressure can be loaded on the side wall of the pipe gallery at the same time, an earthquake mechanical property experiment is simulated, operation steps are simplified, operation is easy, and safety is high; according to the device, the structural deformation condition, the maximum bearing capacity and the final failure form of the pipe gallery can be measured; the upper portions of the two sides of the vertical load pressurizing beam are inclined faces, and the portions, close to the horizontal pressurizer, of the upper side and the lower side of the horizontal load pressurizing beam are inclined faces, so that force transmitted to the vertical pressurizing frame and the horizontal pressurizing frame by the vertical pressurizer and the horizontal pressurizer can be evenly dispersed. And the bottom surface of the vertical pressurizing frame and the side surface of the horizontal pressurizing frame can uniformly transmit pressure to the superposed top plate and the side wall, so that the accuracy of test data is improved. The horizontal pressurizer can apply thrust and tension and is used for simulating the stress condition of the structure when the pipe gallery swings left and right in an earthquake.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pressure tests, and particularly to a static earth pressure test device for a single compartment of a laminated slab pipe gallery. Background Technique

[0002] The integrated pipe gallery is an urban underground project. There are several common structural forms at present, namely cast-in-place concrete, prefabricated assembled, and precast and assembled. Among them, the precast and assembled type includes several structural systems such as integral warehouse precast and assembled, laminated slab type assembled, and precast slab type assembled.

[0003] For the laminated slab type assembled integrated pipe gallery, the side walls, roof slabs, and floor slabs are divided into blocks. The side walls adopt a double-sided laminated structure, the roof slabs generally adopt a laminated floor slab structure, and the floor slabs generally adopt an integral cast-in-place or laminated structure. The transverse connection between each precast block is carried out through a post-cast laminated layer, and the longitudinal connection is also carried out through a post-cast laminated layer. Since the precast blocks such as the floor slab, side wall, and roof slab can be freely combined, its application range is relatively wide.

[0004] However, when conducting the static earth pressure loading test on a single compartment of the laminated slab pipe gallery, generally, weights are continuously added to the upper surface of the laminated slab to observe the static bearing capacity, and the side walls are generally subjected to a horizontal thrust by a jack to observe the lateral bearing capacity. To observe the structural deformation during the test process, displacement gauges usually need to be embedded during the production of the test piece. The above operation steps are relatively cumbersome, and the experimental data obtained by separate measurement has a large error, bringing a lot of inconvenience to the staff. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a static earth pressure test device for a single compartment of a laminated slab pipe gallery, which solves the problems of cumbersome operation and inaccurate experimental data.

[0006] The above object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A static earth pressure test device for a single compartment of a laminated slab pipe gallery, including a test installation frame, characterized in that a vertical pressure applying mechanism is installed at the top inside the test installation frame, and horizontal pressure applying mechanisms are respectively installed on the left and right side surfaces inside the test installation frame.

[0008] In a preferred example of the present invention, it can be further configured that: the test installation frame includes at least two bottom beams, at least two top beams, and at least two fixed frames, and the bottom beams, the top beams, and the fixed frames form a square frame.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured as follows: an installation beam is installed on the top beam, and the vertical pressure mechanism is installed on the installation beam; installation columns are installed on both sides of the fixed frame, and the horizontal pressure mechanism is installed on the installation columns.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the vertical pressure structure includes a vertical pressure device and a vertical pressure frame. The vertical pressure frame includes a first connecting middle beam and a first strengthening connecting beam, and the two are directly crossed to form a "cross" shape. The intersection of the first connecting middle beam and the first strengthening connecting beam is connected to the vertical pressure device, and the output direction of the vertical pressure device is perpendicular to the plane where the first connecting middle beam and the first strengthening connecting beam are located.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured as follows: both ends of the first strengthening connecting beam are respectively connected with a first connecting side beam, and the first connecting side beam is parallel to the first connecting middle beam.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured as follows: there are also two vertical load pressure beams, and the vertical load pressure beams, the first connecting side beams, the first connecting middle beam and the first strengthening connecting beam are connected to form a "field" shape.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured as follows: both ends of the vertical load pressure beam on the side close to the vertical pressure device are inclined planes.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the cross sections of the vertical load pressure beam, the first connecting side beam, the first connecting middle beam and the first strengthening connecting beam are all inverted U-shaped, and several first strengthening plates are arranged inside the above components.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the horizontal pressure mechanism and the vertical pressure mechanism have the same structure, including a horizontal pressure device and a horizontal pressure frame. The horizontal pressure device is connected to the installation column, and the horizontal pressure frame includes a horizontal load pressure beam, a second connecting side beam, a second connecting middle beam, a second strengthening connecting beam and a second strengthening plate.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can be further configured as follows: there is also a telescopic stabilizing rod, one end of the telescopic stabilizing rod is connected to the installation column, and the other end of the telescopic stabilizing rod is connected to the horizontal pressure frame.

[0017] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] 1. The vertical pressure application mechanism and the horizontal pressure application mechanism can be used to apply pressure to the side wall of the utility tunnel simultaneously for experiments. The vertical pressure application simulates the pressure of the soil on the buried structural utility tunnel, and the horizontal pressure application mechanism simulates the force exerted on the utility tunnel in the horizontal direction under earthquake conditions, simplifying the operation steps, with simple operation and high safety. In addition, this device can measure the structural deformation, maximum bearing capacity, and final failure mode of the structural utility tunnel under stress;

[0019] 2. The upper parts on both sides of the vertical load pressure beam are set as inclined planes, and the parts on the upper and lower sides of the horizontal load pressure beam near the horizontal pressure applicator are set as inclined planes. Under the condition of reducing the steel consumption, the force transmitted by the vertical pressure applicator and the horizontal pressure applicator to the vertical pressure frame and the horizontal pressure frame can be evenly dispersed, enabling the bottom surface of the vertical pressure frame and the side surface of the horizontal pressure frame to evenly transmit the pressure to the laminated roof and the side wall, thereby improving the accuracy of the test data. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection between the test device and the utility tunnel in this technical solution;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical pressure application mechanism in this technical solution;

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the vertical pressure frame in this technical solution;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal pressure application mechanism in this technical solution;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the horizontal pressure frame in this technical solution.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1, test installation frame; 11, bottom beam; 12, top beam; 13, fixed frame; 14, installation column; 15, installation beam; 2, fixed beam; 3, tie bolt; 4, vertical pressure application mechanism; 41, vertical pressure applicator; 42, vertical pressure frame; 421, vertical load pressure beam; 422, first connecting side beam; 423, first connecting middle beam; 424, first strengthening connecting beam; 425, first strengthening plate; 5, horizontal pressure application mechanism; 51, horizontal pressure applicator; 52, horizontal pressure frame; 521, horizontal load pressure beam; 522, second connecting side beam; 523, second connecting middle beam; 524, second strengthening connecting beam; 525, second strengthening plate; 53, telescopic stabilizing rod; 6, laminated roof; 7, side wall; 8, bottom plate. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] AsFigures 1-5 As shown in Figures 1-5 , a static earth pressure test device for a single compartment of a composite slab pipe gallery includes a test installation frame 1. A vertical pressure application mechanism 4 is installed at the top inside the test installation frame 1, and horizontal pressure application mechanisms 5 are installed on the left and right side surfaces inside the test installation frame 1 respectively. By setting the vertical pressure application mechanism 4 and the horizontal pressure application mechanism 5, pressure can be applied to the side walls of the pipe gallery simultaneously for experiments, simplifying the operation steps, with simple operation and high safety. In addition, this device can measure the structural deformation condition, maximum bearing capacity, and final failure mode of the structural pipe gallery under stress.

[0028] Furthermore, the vertical pressure application mechanism 4 and the horizontal pressure application mechanism 5 are attached with displacement recorders (not shown in the figure). Through the displacement recorders, a displacement curve graph under stress can be generated, which is used to intuitively reflect the structural deformation state of the pipe gallery under stress.

[0029] Furthermore, the test installation frame 1 includes at least two bottom beams 11, at least two top beams 12, and at least two fixed side frames 13. The bottom beams 11, top beams 12, and fixed side frames 13 form a square frame. In this technical solution, the object of action, the precast slab, is a U-shaped part plus a composite top slab 6. The U-shaped part includes a bottom plate 8 and side walls 7. A horn structure is provided at the side walls 7, and the composite top slab 6 is lapped on the side walls 7. Although the structure of the bottom beam 11 is not limited here, the bottom beam 11 can be set as a stepped shape here to simply fix the precast slab and prevent slippage, thus affecting the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0030] An installation beam 15 is installed on the top beam 12, and the vertical pressure application mechanism 4 is installed on the installation beam 15; installation columns 14 are installed on both sides of the fixed side frames 13, and the horizontal pressure application mechanisms 5 are installed on the installation columns 14.

[0031] Furthermore, although the test object of this technical solution is static earth pressure, for dynamic earth pressure tests, the connection method between the side beam of the fixed side frame 13 and the top beam 12 can be changed to that the side beam is slidably connected to the top beam 12 and the bottom beam 11, and a cylinder is set on one side to drive the measurement to slide. The horizontal pressure application mechanism 5 can be opened on the left and closed on the right, or opened on the right and closed on the left, so as to realize the working modes of pushing left and pulling right, or pulling left and pushing right. Through the design here, the effect of the structural stress test when the pipe gallery structure sways left and right under the simulated earthquake state can be realized, enabling the device to more accurately simulate the earthquake effect and making the data more accurate. In addition, compared with a single-function device, the applicability of this technical solution is improved.

[0032] Furthermore, the vertical pressing mechanism 4 includes a vertical press 41 and a vertical pressing frame 42. The vertical pressing frame 42 includes a first connecting middle beam 423 and a first strengthening connecting beam 424, and the two are directly crossed to form a "cross" shape. The intersection of the first connecting middle beam 423 and the first strengthening connecting beam 424 is connected to the vertical press 41, and the output direction of the vertical press 41 is perpendicular to the plane where the first connecting middle beam 423 and the first strengthening connecting beam 424 are located. Through the above settings, not only can the force be transmitted smoothly, but also raw materials can be saved, achieving the purpose of cost savings.

[0033] Furthermore, first connecting side beams 422 are respectively connected to both ends of the first strengthening connecting beam 424, and the first connecting side beams 422 are parallel to the first connecting middle beam 423. Additionally, two vertical load pressing beams 421 are provided. The vertical load pressing beams 421, the first connecting side beams 422, the first connecting middle beam 423, and the first strengthening connecting beam 424 are interconnected to form a "field" shape. Through the above design, for prefabricated components with protrusions on the test surface, through the "field" shape design, not only can the force-bearing area of the device and the force-bearing member be larger and more evenly distributed, but also the protrusions can be avoided, enabling the device to test more types of prefabricated components, with a wider application range and improved applicability of the device.

[0034] Furthermore, both ends of the vertical load pressing beam 421 on the side close to the vertical press 41 are inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces are provided to save the use of steel without affecting the performance of the device, achieving the effect of cost savings.

[0035] The cross-sections of the vertical load pressing beam 421, the first connecting side beam 422, the first connecting middle beam 423, and the first strengthening connecting beam 424 are all inverted U-shaped, and a number of first strengthening plates 425 are provided inside the above components. Through the above structure, the prefabricated component can be pressed through the first strengthening plates 425, changing the surface-applied force into a line-applied force, increasing the pressure, and making the effect of deforming the prefabricated component more obvious under the same acting force, improving the accuracy of the device.

[0036] The horizontal pressing mechanism 5 has the same structure as the vertical pressing mechanism 4 and includes a horizontal press 51 and a horizontal pressing frame 52. The horizontal press 51 is connected to the mounting column 14, and the horizontal pressing frame 52 includes a horizontal load pressing beam 521, a second connecting side beam 522, a second connecting middle beam 523, a second strengthening connecting beam 524, and a second strengthening plate 525.

[0037] A telescopic stabilizer bar 53 is additionally provided. One end of the telescopic stabilizer bar 53 is connected to the mounting column 14, and the other end of the telescopic stabilizer bar 53 is connected to the horizontal pressure frame 52. The provided telescopic stabilizer bar 53 can provide direction guidance for the horizontal pressure mechanism 5 to ensure the direction of the force, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the data.

[0038] Pressure test loading working process:

[0039] Fabricate the test piece in the background of the processing factory. When the strength of the precast slab reaches 100% of the design strength, hoist the test piece to the test bench for connection and fixation.

[0040] The loading method for the composite slab structure pipe gallery adopts the vertical jack loading method. The jack load is applied to the 4-equal division position of the composite slab through the distribution beam to simulate the load distribution under the soil cover.

[0041] Use a hydraulic jack test device to apply horizontal lateral pressure. The loading method is as follows: Apply side loads corresponding to the side walls. The horizontal pressure device can apply pressure on the left to simulate the rightward thrust and apply pressure on the right to simulate the leftward thrust, which is used to simulate the stress condition of the structure when the pipe gallery swings repeatedly from side to side during an earthquake.

[0042] To facilitate loading, based on the principle of equivalent bending moment at the maximum bending moment section, the vertical uniform load on the top slab and the soil pressure on the outer side of the wall are equivalent to the corresponding local concentrated loads. The top slab adopts three-point loading at the mid-span of the symmetric slab, and the horizontal concentrated load on the outer wall is applied by the hydraulic jack self-balancing device.

[0043] Test steps:

[0044] 1) Fabricate the test piece in the background of the processing factory. When the strength of the test piece reaches 100% of the design strength, hoist the test piece to the test bench for connection and fixation.

[0045] 2) Debug the equipment to ensure that the equipment and recorder are in good condition.

[0046] 3) Turn on the vertical pressure device to apply a vertically downward load to the top slab to simulate the soil pressure received by the pipe gallery buried underground.

[0047] 4) Turn on the left horizontal pressure mechanism, turn off the right horizontal pressure mechanism, and apply the first-stage thrust N. Observe the changes in the structure under the stress state and record. Then turn off the left horizontal pressure mechanism, turn on the right horizontal pressure mechanism, and apply the first-stage thrust N. Observe the changes in the structure under the stress state and record.

[0048] 5) Subsequently, close the right - hand horizontal pressure - applying mechanism, open the left - hand horizontal pressure - applying mechanism, and apply the second - stage thrust of 2 N. Repeat the previous step, gradually applying 2 N, 3 N, 4 N, 5 N... until the specimen fails. During each stage of loading the specimen, continuously collect data on load, crack development, and displacement, record the test - process data, and the load at failure, the failure mode, and the displacement - change curve during the force - bearing process.

[0049] Note: The horizontal pressure - applicator and the vertical pressure - applicator in this technical solution are jacks. Therefore, the names of the horizontal pressure - applicator and the vertical pressure - applicator will not be used in the description of the working process.

[0050] The embodiments of this specific implementation manner are all preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention shall be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-chamber static earth pressure test device for a composite slab pipe gallery, comprising a test mounting frame (1), characterized in that: A vertical pressure mechanism (4) is installed at the top inside the test mounting frame (1), and horizontal pressure mechanisms (5) are installed on the left and right inner sides of the test mounting frame (1) respectively.

2. A single-chamber static earth pressure test device for a composite slab pipe gallery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test mounting frame (1) includes at least two bottom beams (11), at least two top beams (12) and at least two fixed side frames (13), and the bottom beams (11), the top beams (12) and the fixed side frames (13) form a square frame.

3. The single-chamber static earth pressure test device for a composite slab pipe gallery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An installation beam (15) is installed on the top beam (12), and the vertical pressure mechanism (4) is installed on the installation beam (15); installation columns (14) are installed on both side fixed side frames (13), and the horizontal pressure mechanism (5) is installed on the installation columns (14).

4. The single-chamber static earth pressure test device for a composite slab pipe gallery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical pressure mechanism (4) includes a vertical pressure device (41) and a vertical pressure frame (42). The vertical pressure frame (42) includes a first connecting middle beam (423) and a first strengthening connecting beam (424), and the two are directly cross - arranged in a "cross" shape. The intersection of the first connecting middle beam (423) and the first strengthening connecting beam (424) is connected to the vertical pressure device (41), and the output direction of the vertical pressure device (41) is perpendicular to the plane where the first connecting middle beam (423) and the first strengthening connecting beam (424) are located.

5. A single-chamber static earth pressure test device for a composite slab pipe gallery according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the first strengthening connecting beam (424) are respectively connected with first connecting side beams (422), and the first connecting side beams (422) are parallel to the first connecting middle beam (423).

6. A single-chamber static earth pressure test device for a composite slab pipe gallery according to claim 5, characterized in that: Another two vertical load pressure beams (421) are provided. The vertical load pressure beams (421), the first connecting side beams (422), the first connecting middle beam (423) and the first strengthening connecting beam (424) are connected to form a "field" shape.

7. A single-chamber static earth pressure test device for a composite slab pipe gallery according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the vertical load pressure beam (421) on the side close to the vertical pressure device (41) are inclined planes.

8. The single-chamber static earth pressure test device for a composite slab pipe gallery according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The cross - sections of the vertical load pressure beam (421), the first connecting side beam (422), the first connecting middle beam (423) and the first strengthening connecting beam (424) are all inverted U - shaped, and a number of first strengthening plates (425) are provided inside the above - mentioned components.

9. A single-chamber static earth pressure test device for a composite slab pipe gallery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The horizontal pressure mechanism (5) has the same structure as the vertical pressure mechanism (4), and includes a horizontal pressure device (51) and a horizontal pressure frame (52). The horizontal pressure device (51) is connected to the installation column (14), and the horizontal pressure frame (52) includes a horizontal load pressure beam (521), a second connecting side beam (522), a second connecting middle beam (523), a second strengthening connecting beam (524) and a second strengthening plate (525).

10. A single-chamber static earth pressure test device for a composite slab pipe gallery according to claim 9, characterized in that: Another telescopic stabilizer bar (53) is provided. One end of the telescopic stabilizer bar (53) is connected to the installation column (14), and the other end of the telescopic stabilizer bar (53) is connected to the horizontal pressure frame (52).

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