Large gravelly soil direct shear test device and system

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a large gravelly soil direct shear test device and system, and relates to the technical field of gravelly soil shear tests.A supporting plate and a shear barrel are arranged on a base, a lead screw is rotationally arranged between the supporting plate and the shear barrel, and the lead screw is driven by a motor to rotate so that the upper shear barrel can slide along the lead screw to simulate gravelly soil shear; pressure sensors are arranged on the rear wall of the upper shearing barrel and the front wall of the lower shearing barrel and can monitor the shearing force when the gravelly soil is sheared, and a displacement distance measuring sensor is arranged on the supporting plate and can monitor the horizontal movement distance of the upper shearing barrel; the hydraulic rod stretches out and draws back to control the pressing head to move downwards to compact gravelly soil in the shearing barrel, the pressing head can synchronously move along with the upper shearing barrel, and a pressure sensor is arranged below the pressing head to monitor the counter-acting force of the gravelly soil to the pressing head; a discharging port is formed in the base and located below the lower shearing barrel, the discharging port can be controlled to be communicated with the lower shearing barrel through the sliding partition plate, and therefore gravelly soil in the shearing barrels can be conveniently cleaned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to the shear test of gravel soil, and particularly to a large-scale direct shear test device and system for gravel soil. Background Art

[0002] The gravel soil shear test is an experimental method used to study the mechanical properties and shear behavior of gravel soil. It mainly simulates the shear process inside the soil body by applying vertical and horizontal forces to obtain relevant mechanical parameters. When conducting the gravel soil shear test, a shear box or a direct shear device is usually used. In the shear box test, the gravel soil sample is placed in a closed box, and vertical and horizontal forces are applied to simulate the shear behavior of the soil body. In the direct shear test, the soil sample is embedded between two parallel shear plates, and a horizontal force is applied to make them slide relative to each other to simulate the shear process of the soil body. Some important mechanical parameters, such as shear strength, shear modulus, internal friction angle, etc., can be obtained through the gravel soil shear test. These parameters can be used for soil engineering design and soil stability analysis, and are of great significance for the study of the mechanical characteristics and deformation behavior of the soil body.

[0003] Currently, when conducting the gravel soil shear test, the shear force of the gravel soil cannot be well simulated. When filling the gravel soil, it is necessary to manually pat and compact the gravel soil, which has low efficiency, and the gravel soil after shearing is not convenient to remove and clean. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The large-scale direct shear test device and system for gravel soil include a base and a shear barrel. The shear barrel includes an upper shear barrel and a lower shear barrel fixedly connected to the base. A support plate is fixedly installed on the base, and the support plate and the shear barrel are connected by two lead screws. Installation blocks are fixedly arranged on both sides of the lower shear barrel, and connection blocks are fixedly arranged on both sides of the upper shear barrel. The rear end of the lead screw is rotationally connected to the lower shear barrel through the installation block, and the front end of the lead screw is rotationally connected to the support plate. The connection blocks on both sides of the upper shear barrel are threadedly sleeved on the lead screw. By installing a motor on the lower shear barrel to drive the lead screw to rotate, the upper shear barrel is driven to slide horizontally along the lead screw and separate from the lower shear barrel;

[0006] Hydraulic rods are fixedly installed on the connection blocks on both sides of the upper shear barrel. The upper end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly provided with a pressure head, and the lower end is slidably connected to the base. The pressure head is located directly above the upper shear barrel, and a hydraulic pump is arranged in the base to control the telescopic movement of the hydraulic rod. The telescopic movement of the hydraulic rod is used to control the pressure head to insert into or pull out of the upper shear barrel. When the upper shear barrel slides horizontally, the hydraulic rod slides horizontally along the base, driving the pressure head to slide synchronously with the upper shear barrel;

[0007] A discharge port is formed below the lower shearing barrel inside the base. A partition is slidably arranged between the discharge port and the lower shearing barrel to control the connection or disconnection between the discharge port and the lower shearing barrel.

[0008] Further, a bevel gear is fixedly sleeved at the rear end of the lead screw and meshes with a bevel gear fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor. The motor drives the bevel gear to rotate to control the rotation of the lead screw.

[0009] Further, a limiting groove is formed on the outer wall of the upper shearing barrel at the rear end in its horizontal sliding direction (i.e., the rear wall of the upper shearing barrel). A limiting plate is arranged on the outer wall of the lower shearing barrel corresponding to the limiting groove. The cooperation between the limiting groove and the limiting plate makes the upper shearing barrel and the lower shearing barrel coaxial.

[0010] Further, a sliding groove is formed on the base, and the hydraulic rod slides horizontally along the sliding groove.

[0011] Further, the lead screw is perpendicular to the axis of the shearing barrel.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention discloses a monitoring system for a large gravel soil direct shear test device and system. The monitoring system includes: a displacement ranging sensor and several pressure sensors. Pressure sensors are arranged on the inner wall of the upper shearing barrel at the rear end in its horizontal sliding direction. Pressure sensors are arranged on the inner wall of the lower shearing barrel at the front end in the horizontal sliding direction of the upper shearing barrel. A pressure sensor is arranged below the pressing head. The displacement ranging sensor is fixedly installed on the support plate and aligned with the connecting blocks on both sides of the upper shearing barrel.

[0013] A pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the upper shearing barrel at the rear end in its horizontal sliding direction (i.e., the rear wall of the upper shearing barrel) to monitor the reaction force of the gravel soil in the upper shearing barrel on the rear wall of the upper shearing barrel when the upper shearing barrel slides forward horizontally.

[0014] A pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the lower shearing barrel at the front end in the horizontal sliding direction of the upper shearing barrel (i.e., the front wall of the lower shearing barrel) to monitor the acting force of the gravel soil in the lower shearing barrel on the front wall of the lower shearing barrel driven by the forward horizontal sliding of the upper shearing barrel.

[0015] The pressure sensor arranged below the pressing head is used to monitor the reaction force of the gravel soil in the shearing barrel on the pressing head when the hydraulic rod presses down.

[0016] The displacement ranging sensor is used to monitor the horizontal moving distance of the upper shearing barrel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a support plate and a shear barrel on a base, and a lead screw is rotatably arranged between the support plate and the shear barrel. A connecting block is arranged on the side of the upper shear barrel and is threadedly connected to the lead screw. By driving the lead screw to rotate with a motor, the upper shear barrel slides along the lead screw to simulate the shearing of gravel soil. Pressure sensors are arranged on the rear wall of the upper shear barrel and the front wall of the lower shear barrel to monitor the shearing force during the shearing of gravel soil. Displacement ranging sensors are arranged on the support plate opposite to the connecting blocks on both sides of the upper shear barrel to monitor the horizontal movement distance of the upper shear barrel. A hydraulic rod is slidably arranged on the base. By controlling the telescopic movement of the hydraulic rod, the pressure head moves downward to compact the gravel soil in the shear barrel, and it can move synchronously with the upper shear barrel. A pressure sensor is arranged below the pressure head to monitor the reaction force of the gravel soil on the pressure head when compacting the gravel soil, solving the problem of low efficiency in manually tamping and compacting gravel soil during the filling process. An outlet is opened below the lower shear barrel in the base, and a partition is slidably arranged between the outlet and the lower shear barrel. By sliding the partition, the connection or disconnection between the outlet and the lower shear barrel can be controlled, facilitating the cleaning of the gravel soil in the shear barrel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the shearing working structure of the shear barrel of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: base - 1, outlet - 101, partition - 102, sliding groove - 103, support plate - 2, displacement ranging sensor - 3, lead screw - 4, shear barrel - 5, upper shear barrel - 501, limit groove - 5011, connecting block - 5012, lower shear barrel - 502, limit plate - 5021, mounting block - 5022, pressure head - 6, hydraulic rod - 7, bevel gear - 8, motor - 9, hydraulic pump - 10, pressure sensor - 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-3, The direct shear test device and system for large gravel soil include a base 1 and a shear barrel 5. The shear barrel 5 includes an upper shear barrel 501 and a lower shear barrel 502 fixedly connected to the base 1. A support plate 2 is fixedly installed on the base 1. The support plate 2 and the shear barrel 5 are connected by two lead screws 4. The lead screws 4 are perpendicular to the axis of the shear barrel 5. Installation blocks 5022 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the lower shear barrel 502, and connection blocks 5012 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the upper shear barrel 501. The rear ends of the lead screws 4 are rotatably connected to the lower shear barrel 502 through the installation blocks 5022, and the front ends of the lead screws 4 are rotatably connected to the support plate 2. The connection blocks 5012 on both sides of the upper shear barrel 501 are threadedly sleeved on the lead screws 4. By installing a motor 9 on the lower shear barrel 502 to drive the lead screws 4 to rotate, the upper shear barrel 501 is driven to slide horizontally along the lead screws 4 and separate from the lower shear barrel 502 to simulate the shear test of gravel soil;

[0026] In this embodiment, a bevel gear 8 is fixedly sleeved on the rear end of the lead screw 4 and meshes with the bevel gear 8 fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor 9. The motor 9 drives the bevel gear 8 to rotate to control the rotation of the lead screw 4;

[0027] In this embodiment, a limiting groove 5011 is opened on the outer wall of the upper shear barrel 501 at the rear end in its horizontal sliding direction (i.e., the rear wall of the upper shear barrel 501), and a limiting plate 5021 is arranged on the outer wall of the lower shear barrel 502 corresponding to the limiting groove 5011. Through the cooperation of the limiting groove 5011 and the limiting plate 5021, the upper shear barrel 501 and the lower shear barrel 502 are coaxially arranged.

[0028] Embodiment 2:

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1-3 , According to Embodiment 1, hydraulic rods 7 are fixedly installed on the connection blocks 5012 on both sides of the upper shear barrel 501. A pressure head 6 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the hydraulic rod 7, and the lower end is slidably connected to the base 1. The pressure head 6 is located directly above the upper shear barrel 501, and a hydraulic pump 10 is arranged in the base 1 to control the telescopic movement of the hydraulic rod 7. By controlling the telescopic movement of the hydraulic rod 7, the pressure head 6 is inserted into or pulled out of the upper shear barrel 501. A sliding groove 103 is opened on the base 1. When the upper shear barrel 501 slides horizontally, the hydraulic rod 7 slides horizontally along the sliding groove 103, driving the pressure head 6 to slide synchronously with the upper shear barrel 501, which can prevent the compacted gravel soil from loosening and can always maintain the pressure on the gravel soil in the shear barrel 5.

[0030] Embodiment 3:

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-3, according to Embodiment 1, a discharge port 101 is opened below the lower shearing barrel 502 inside the base 1. A partition plate 102 is slidably arranged between the discharge port 101 and the lower shearing barrel 502 to control the connection or disconnection between the discharge port 101 and the lower shearing barrel 502. By pulling out the partition plate 102, the lower shearing barrel 502 can be communicated with the discharge port 101, which is convenient for cleaning the gravel soil in the shearing barrel 5 after the test is over.

[0032] Embodiment 4:

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-3 , according to Embodiments 1-3, the present invention discloses a monitoring system for a large-scale direct shear test device and system of gravel soil. The monitoring system includes: a displacement ranging sensor 3 and a plurality of pressure sensors 11. Pressure sensors 11 are arranged at the rear end of the inner wall of the upper shearing barrel 501 in its horizontal sliding direction, pressure sensors 11 are arranged at the front end of the inner wall of the lower shearing barrel 502 in the horizontal sliding direction of the upper shearing barrel 501, and a pressure sensor 11 is arranged below the pressing head 6. The displacement ranging sensor 3 is fixedly installed on the support plate 2 and aligned with the connecting blocks 5012 on both sides of the upper shearing barrel 501;

[0034] Pressure sensors 11 are arranged at the rear end (i.e., the rear wall of the upper shearing barrel 501) of the inner wall of the upper shearing barrel 501 in its horizontal sliding direction, for monitoring the reaction force of the gravel soil in the upper shearing barrel 501 on the rear wall of the upper shearing barrel 501 when the upper shearing barrel 501 slides forward horizontally;

[0035] Pressure sensors 11 are arranged at the front end (i.e., the front wall of the lower shearing barrel 502) of the inner wall of the lower shearing barrel 502 in the horizontal sliding direction of the upper shearing barrel 501, for monitoring the acting force of the gravel soil in the lower shearing barrel 502 on the front wall of the lower shearing barrel 502 driven by the forward horizontal sliding of the upper shearing barrel 501;

[0036] The pressure sensor 11 arranged below the pressing head 6 is used for monitoring the reaction force of the gravel soil in the shearing barrel 5 on the pressing head 6 when the hydraulic rod 7 contracts;

[0037] The displacement ranging sensor 3 is used for monitoring the horizontal movement distance of the upper shearing barrel 501.

[0038] Embodiment 5:

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1-3According to Examples 1-4, the motor 9, hydraulic pump 10, pressure sensor 11, displacement ranging sensor 3, and hydraulic rod 7 are all prior art and are common components currently on the market. They can be selected as needed and are not specifically selected or described in this application. When in use, an external controller, display screen, and power supply can be used to control the operation of the above components and display the monitored data on the display screen. The above control method is a common control method and does not require the development of a separate program control. It is common knowledge for those skilled in the art.

[0040] Specific working principle and effect:

[0041] The present invention sets a support plate 2 and a shearing barrel 5 on a base 1, and rotatably sets a screw rod 4 between the support plate 2 and the shearing barrel 5. By setting a connecting block 5012 on the side of the upper shearing barrel 501 and threadedly connecting with the screw rod 4, the upper shearing barrel 501 slides along the screw rod 4 by driving the screw rod 4 to rotate through the motor 9, so as to simulate the shearing of gravel soil.

[0042] A pressure sensor 11 is provided on the rear wall of the upper shearing bucket 501 and the front wall of the lower shearing bucket 502 to monitor the shear force when shearing gravel soil, and a displacement ranging sensor 3 is provided on the support plate 2 aligned with the connecting blocks 5012 on both sides of the upper shearing bucket 501 to monitor the horizontal movement distance of the upper shearing bucket 501;

[0043] A hydraulic rod 7 is slidably arranged on the base 1. Through the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod 7, the pressure head 6 is controlled to move downward to compact the gravel soil in the shear barrel 5, and can move synchronously with the upper shear barrel 501. A pressure sensor 11 is arranged below the pressure head 6 to monitor the reaction force of the gravel soil on the pressure head 6 when the gravel soil is compacted, which solves the problem of low efficiency that the gravel soil needs to be manually tamped and compacted when filling the gravel soil.

[0044] A discharge port 101 is opened in the base 1 below the lower shear barrel 502, and a partition 102 is slidably set between the discharge port 101 and the lower shear barrel 502. The discharge port 101 and the lower shear barrel 502 can be controlled to be connected or disconnected by sliding the partition 102, thereby facilitating the cleaning of gravel and soil in the shear barrel 5.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A large gravel soil direct shear test device and system, comprising a base and a shear bucket, wherein the shear bucket comprises an upper shear bucket and a lower shear bucket fixedly connected to the base, characterized in that: The support plate is fixedly installed on the base, and the support plate and the shear barrel are connected by two screw rods. Mounting blocks are fixedly arranged on both sides of the lower shear barrel, and connecting blocks are fixedly arranged on both sides of the upper shear barrel. The rear end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the lower shear barrel through the mounting block, and the front end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the support plate. The connecting blocks on both sides of the upper shear barrel are threadedly sleeved on the screw rod. The screw rod is driven to rotate by installing a motor on the lower shear barrel, so as to drive the upper shear barrel to slide horizontally along the screw rod and separate from the lower shear barrel. A hydraulic rod is fixedly installed on the connecting blocks on both sides of the upper shear barrel, a pressure head is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the hydraulic rod, and the lower end is slidably connected with the base, the pressure head is located directly above the upper shear barrel, and a hydraulic pump is arranged in the base to control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod, and the pressure head is inserted into or pulled out of the upper shear barrel through the extension and retraction control of the hydraulic rod. When the upper shear barrel slides horizontally, the hydraulic rod slides horizontally along the base, driving the pressure head to slide synchronously with the upper shear barrel; A discharge port is provided in the base below the lower shearing barrel, and a partition is slidably arranged between the discharge port and the lower shearing barrel to control the discharge port to be connected or disconnected from the lower shearing barrel.

2. The large gravel soil direct shear test device and system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the screw rod is fixedly sleeved with a bevel gear, which meshes with the bevel gear fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor. The bevel gear is driven to rotate by the motor to control the rotation of the screw rod.

3. The large gravel soil direct shear test device and system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove is provided on the outer wall of the upper shear barrel at the rear end (i.e., the rear wall of the upper shear barrel) in the horizontal sliding direction, and a limiting plate is provided on the outer wall of the lower shear barrel corresponding to the limiting groove. The limiting groove cooperates with the limiting plate to make the upper shear barrel coaxial with the lower shear barrel.

4. The large gravel soil direct shear test device and system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is provided with a sliding groove, and the hydraulic rod slides horizontally along the sliding groove.

5. The large gravel soil direct shear test device and system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw rod is perpendicular to the axis of the shear barrel.

6. The large gravel soil direct shear test device and system as described in claims 1-5 include a monitoring system, characterized in that: The monitoring system includes a displacement ranging sensor and a plurality of pressure sensors. The pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the upper shear barrel at the rear end of the horizontal sliding direction thereof, the pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the lower shear barrel at the front end of the horizontal sliding direction of the upper shear barrel, and a pressure sensor is arranged below the pressure head. The displacement ranging sensor is fixedly mounted on the support plate and aligned with the connection blocks on both sides of the upper shear barrel. A pressure sensor is provided on the inner wall of the upper shear bucket at the rear end of the horizontal sliding direction (i.e., the rear wall of the upper shear bucket) to monitor the reaction force of the gravel soil in the upper shear bucket on the rear wall of the upper shear bucket when the upper shear bucket slides forward horizontally; A pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the lower shear bucket at the front end of the horizontal sliding direction of the upper shear bucket (i.e., the front wall of the lower shear bucket) to monitor the force exerted by the gravel soil in the lower shear bucket on the front wall of the lower shear bucket when the upper shear bucket slides forward horizontally; The pressure sensor provided below the pressure head is used to monitor the reaction force of the gravel soil in the shear bucket on the pressure head when the hydraulic rod is pressed down; The displacement distance measuring sensor is used to monitor the horizontal movement distance of the upper shear barrel.

Images