Hydrological drought monitoring device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrological drought soil humidity detection, in particular to a hydrological drought monitoring device.A supporting frame of the hydrological drought monitoring device comprises a top plate, a plurality of shear type supporting legs are evenly installed on the outer ring face of the top plate along the circumference, each shear type supporting leg comprises an outer inserting rod and an inner connecting rod, and each inner connecting rod comprises an inner inserting rod section hinged to the corresponding outer inserting rod; the top end of the inner inserting rod section is obliquely connected with a connecting rod section, and the connecting rod section is hinged to the top plate and can axially slide along the hinged position; the control box is installed below the top plate through an electric push rod, a detection control unit connected with the electric push rod is arranged in the control box, and the detection control unit is used for controlling stretching of the electric push rod; the inserting cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the control box, and the bottom end of the inserting cylinder is conical sealing. The hydrological drought monitoring device is easy and convenient to operate, firm in fixation and accurate in detection, automatic insertion into soil and humidity detection are achieved through the electric push rod, soil mixing is avoided, data accuracy is ensured, and real-time transmission is supported to evaluate the drought condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrological drought soil moisture detection, and particularly relates to a hydrological drought monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] Hydrological drought monitoring is an important part of water resource management and ecological protection, aiming to evaluate the water resource status of a certain area, especially the soil moisture condition. Failure to conduct effective hydrological drought monitoring may lead to misjudgment of water resources, and then trigger a series of problems, such as improper agricultural irrigation, unreasonable water resource allocation, and ecological environment deterioration. Therefore, accurately mastering the soil moisture is crucial for formulating scientific and reasonable water resource management strategies.

[0003] As a key indicator for measuring the change of groundwater level and soil water storage capacity, the deep soil moisture can provide more stable and long-term data support than the surface soil, which helps to more accurately judge the hydrological drought situation. The change of deep soil moisture can often reflect the groundwater level and the precipitation infiltration recharge situation, providing a reliable basis for drought early warning. However, traditional methods rely on manually knocking or screwing the sensor into the deep soil for moisture detection, which is not only complex and inefficient in operation, but also easily causes the mixing of different soil layers, affecting the accuracy of the detection data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the defects and problems existing in the existing water temperature drought monitoring device, the present invention provides a hydrological drought monitoring device, aiming to provide a hydrological drought monitoring device with simple operation, firm fixation, and accurate detection. The device realizes automatic insertion into the soil and moisture detection through an electric push rod, avoids soil mixing, ensures accurate data, and supports real-time transmission to evaluate the drought situation.

[0005] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A hydrological drought monitoring device includes a support frame, an electric push rod, a control box, a detection control unit, and an insertion cylinder; the support frame includes a top plate, and a plurality of scissor support legs are evenly installed on the outer circumferential surface of the top plate along the circumferential direction. The scissor support legs include an outer insertion rod and an inner connecting rod. The inner connecting rod includes an inner insertion rod section hinged to the outer insertion rod. The top end of the inner insertion rod section is obliquely connected with a connecting rod section. A plurality of sliding sleeves are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the top plate along the circumferential direction, and the sliding sleeves correspond to the scissor support legs one by one. The sliding sleeves are hinged to the top plate, and the connecting rod section of the scissor support leg is inserted into the corresponding sliding sleeve in a matching manner and can slide along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve; the control box is installed below the top plate through the electric push rod. A detection control unit connected to the electric push rod is arranged in the control box, and the detection control unit is used to control the telescopic movement of the electric push rod; the insertion cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the control box, and the bottom end of the insertion cylinder is conically sealed; a window communicating with the inside is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the insertion cylinder, and a humidity detection unit connected to the controller is arranged on the inner side of the window in a matching manner. The humidity detection unit includes a detection mechanism and a telescopic driving mechanism. The detection mechanism is connected to the detection control unit and is used to detect the soil humidity; the telescopic driving mechanism is connected to the detection control unit and is used to control the extension and retraction of the detection mechanism.

[0006] A driving shaft is rotatably installed in the insertion cylinder, and the top end of the driving shaft extends upward into the control box. A driving mechanism is arranged in the control box, and the driving shaft is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism; the detection mechanism includes a detection block and a humidity detection sensor. The detection block slides through the window and is installed in the insertion cylinder along the radial direction. A strip-shaped driving channel is arranged in the middle of the detection block, and the driving shaft passes through the driving channel; the telescopic driving mechanism is installed on the driving shaft; the humidity detection sensor is installed on the outer end of the detection block in a matching manner and is connected to the detection control unit.

[0007] An installation groove matching the humidity detection sensor is arranged on the upper end surface or the lower end surface of the outer end of the detection block, and the humidity detection sensor is installed in the installation groove in a matching manner, and the humidity detection sensor does not protrude from the detection block.

[0008] The telescopic driving mechanism includes an upper driving disc, a lower driving disc, an upper driving component, and a lower driving component. The upper driving disc and the lower driving disc are slidably installed in the insertion cylinder on the upper and lower sides of the detection block along the axial direction, and both the upper driving disc and the lower driving disc are in transmission connection with the driving shaft. When the driving shaft rotates, it will drive the upper driving disc and the lower driving disc to synchronously rise and fall along the inner wall of the insertion cylinder; the upper driving disc is connected to the detection block through the lower driving component. When the upper driving disc descends, it will drive the detection block to slide inwards and retract through the lower driving component; the lower driving disc is connected to the detection block through the upper driving component. When the lower driving disc rises, it will drive the detection block to slide outwards and extend out of the insertion cylinder through the upper driving component.

[0009] The upper driving assembly includes an upper driving block and an upper stopper in the shape of a right triangle. The lower driving assembly includes a lower driving block and a lower stopper in the shape of a right triangle. The lower stopper and the upper stopper are respectively fixed in the driving channels on the left, right, and rear sides of the driving shaft. The hypotenuse end face of the lower stopper is arranged upward facing the driving shaft, and the hypotenuse end face of the upper stopper is arranged downward facing the driving shaft. The upper driving block is fitted and installed on the lower driving disk below the upper stopper, and an extending inclined surface matching the hypotenuse end face of the upper stopper is provided on the upper driving block. The lower driving block is fitted and installed on the lower driving disk above the lower stopper, and a retracting inclined surface matching the hypotenuse end face of the lower stopper is provided on the lower driving block.

[0010] A hinge seat is fitted on the outer insertion rod. The inner insertion rod section and the connecting rod section are of an integral structure, formed by bending an inner connecting rod. The rod body above the bent part of the inner connecting rod is the connecting rod section, and the rod body below the bent part of the inner connecting rod is the inner insertion rod section. The middle of the bent part of the rod body above the inner insertion rod section is hingedly installed in the hinge seat, and the inner connecting rod can be turned downward around the hinge seat so that the inner insertion rod section abuts and fits together with the outer insertion rod.

[0011] The control unit includes a power supply, a controller, and a wireless transceiver module installed in the control box. The controller is connected to the electric push rod and the humidity detection unit, and is used to control the telescoping of the electric push rod and receive the soil humidity data detected by the humidity detection unit. The wireless transceiver module is connected to the controller and is used to send the soil humidity data received by the controller to the hydrological drought monitoring center. The power supply is connected to the controller, and a control panel connected to the controller is provided on the outer wall of the control box. The control panel is used to display and adjust the parameters of the controller.

[0012] A plurality of grooves are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction on the rod body of the outer insertion rod facing the inner insertion rod section. A stopper matching the groove is provided on the inner insertion rod section. When the inner connecting rod is turned downward so that the inner insertion rod section abuts against the outer insertion rod, the stoppers on the inner insertion rod section are respectively inserted into the corresponding grooves of the outer insertion rod.

[0013] Advantages of the present invention: A hydrological drought monitoring device provided by the present invention realizes adaptive soil fixation through the dynamic expansion of the scissor support legs, enhancing stability under complex soil conditions; adopts a design of directly inserting a conical insertion cylinder combined with a sensor telescoping and sealing mechanism to minimize soil disturbance to the greatest extent and protect the detection elements, ensuring the authenticity and reliability of deep humidity data; based on the coordination of the double driving disk linkage mechanism and the detection control unit, realizes precise telescoping drive and remote intelligent monitoring, improving operation efficiency; the modular insertion cylinder and the foldable support structure take into account expandability, portability, and environmental adaptability, providing a full-scenario solution with high precision, low maintenance, and strong adaptability for hydrological drought monitoring. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top plate structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the scissor support leg structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the control box structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the socket cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the socket cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the humidity detection unit structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the telescopic drive mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the unfolding process of the scissor support leg of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a control relationship block view of the detection and control unit of the present invention.

[0015] Reference numerals in the figure: 1 is the top plate, 11 is the plug socket, 12 is the sliding sleeve, 2 is the scissor support leg, 21 is the outer insertion rod, 211 is the groove, 22 is the hinge seat, 23 is the knocking plate, 24 is the inner connecting rod, 241 is the inner insertion rod section, 242 is the connecting rod section, 244 is the stop block, 3 is the electric push rod, 4 is the control box, 41 is the box body, 42 is the box cover, 43 is the socket, 44 is the bevel gear box, 441 is the input end, 5 is the socket cylinder, 51 is the drive shaft, 52 is the window, 53 is the conical earth-breaking head, 54 is the guiding strip, 6 is the humidity detection unit, 61 is the detection block, 611 is the drive channel, 62 is the C-shaped track, 63 is the upper drive disc, 64 is the lower drive disc, 65 is the upper drive assembly, 651 is the upper drive block, 652 is the upper stop block, 66 is the lower drive assembly, 661 is the lower drive block, 662 is the lower stop block. Detailed implementation manners

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Embodiment 1: In response to the problems raised in the above background art, this embodiment provides a hydrological drought monitoring device, as Figures 1-10As shown in the figure, it includes a support frame, an electric push rod 3, a control box 4, a detection control unit, and an insertion cylinder 5; the support frame includes a top plate 1, and a plurality of scissor support legs 2 are evenly installed on the outer circumferential surface of the top plate 1 along the circumferential direction. The scissor support legs 2 include an outer insertion rod 21 and an inner connecting rod 24. The inner connecting rod 24 includes an inner insertion rod section 241 hinged to the outer insertion rod. The top end of the inner insertion rod section 241 is obliquely connected with a connecting rod section 242. The connecting rod section 242 is hinged to the top plate and can slide axially along the hinge. Chamfers are provided at the bottom ends of the inner insertion rod section 241 and the outer insertion rod 21 to facilitate insertion into the soil.

[0018] Specifically: As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown in the figure, a hinge seat 22 is matched and installed on the outer insertion rod. The inner insertion rod section and the connecting rod section 242 are of an integral structure, formed by bending the inner connecting rod. The rod body above the bent part of the inner connecting rod is the connecting rod section 242, and the rod body below the bent part of the inner connecting rod is the inner insertion rod section. The middle of the bent part of the rod body above the inner insertion rod section is hinged and installed in the hinge seat, and the inner connecting rod can be turned downward around the hinge seat so that the inner insertion rod section abuts against the outer insertion rod and fits together. The side walls of the outer insertion rod near the inner connecting rod side below the hinge seat 22 and the side walls of the inner insertion rod section near the outer insertion rod side are both planes. A plurality of grooves are provided at intervals along the vertical direction on the plane of the outer insertion rod 21 below the hinge seat 22. A stop block is provided on the plane of the inner insertion rod section 241 and is matched with the groove. When the inner connecting rod can be turned downward around the hinge seat so that the inner insertion rod section abuts against the outer insertion rod and fits together, the stop blocks on the inner insertion rod section 241 are respectively inserted into the corresponding grooves on the plane of the outer insertion rod 21, and the top of the stop block 244 is attached to the inner top wall of the groove 211. Thus, when the top end of the outer insertion rod 21 is knocked downward to drive the inner insertion rod section 241 to insert the scissor support leg into the soil, the outer insertion rod 21 and the inner insertion rod section 241 are engaged with each other through the groove and the stop block, which can effectively reduce the force borne by the hinge seat 22 and the hinge shaft installed in the hinge seat 22.

[0019] A plurality of sliding sleeves are evenly provided on the outer circumferential surface of the top plate along the circumferential direction. The sliding sleeves correspond to the scissor support legs one by one. The sliding sleeve 12 is hinged to the top plate. There are various ways to hinge the sliding sleeve 12 to the top plate. For example, a plug seat 11 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the top plate 1 along the radial direction. The sliding sleeve 12 is rotatably installed in the plug seat 11, and the sliding sleeve 12 can rotate in the plug seat 11. The connecting rod section of the scissor support leg is inserted and installed in the corresponding sliding sleeve and can slide along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve.

[0020] Preferably, a knocking plate 23 is matched and installed at the top end of the outer insertion rod to increase the area of the top end of the outer insertion rod and facilitate knocking with tools.

[0021] The control box is installed under the top plate through an electric push rod. The control box 4 includes a box body 41 with an open top. A box cover 42 is installed on the top of the box body 41 through bolts. A socket 43 is matched on the box cover 42. The electric push rod 3 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the top plate 1. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 3 is set downward and fixedly inserted in the socket 43 on the box cover of the control box 4; a detection control unit connected to the electric push rod is provided in the control box. The detection control unit is used to control the extension and retraction of the electric push rod. A position sensor connected to the detection control unit is provided on the bottom of the control box for detecting the vertical distance between the control box and the ground.

[0022] The insert 5 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the control box 4 , and the bottom end of the insert 5 is a conical seal. There are many ways to set the conical seal at the bottom of the insert 5 , for example: a conical breaking head 53 is threadedly mounted at the bottom of the insert 5 .

[0023] The outer ring surface of the insert tube 5 is provided with a window 52 connected to the interior, and a humidity detection unit 6 connected to the controller is matched and arranged in the insert tube inside the window 52. A plurality of humidity detection units 6 are arranged at vertical intervals. In this embodiment, three humidity detection units 6 are arranged at vertical intervals. The humidity detection unit includes a detection mechanism and a telescopic driving mechanism. The detection mechanism is connected to the detection control unit for detecting soil moisture; the telescopic driving mechanism is connected to the detection control unit for controlling the extension and retraction of the detection mechanism.

[0024] Specifically: a driving shaft 51 is rotatably installed in the insert tube, the top end of the driving shaft 51 extends upward into the control box, and is transmission-connected with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the driving shaft to rotate, the driving mechanism includes a bevel gear box 44 matched and installed in the control box, the output end of the bevel gear box 44 is transmission-connected to the driving shaft 51, and the input end 441 of the bevel gear box 44 extends out of the control box, and when in use, the driving shaft can be driven to rotate through the input end 441.

[0025] like Figures 6-8 As shown, the detection mechanism includes a detection block 61 and a humidity detection sensor. The detection block 61 passes through the window and is radially slidably installed in the insert tube. A strip drive channel 611 is provided in the middle of the detection block 61. The drive shaft 51 is located in the drive channel. During the radial sliding process of the detection block, the drive shaft will not contact the groove wall in the drive channel. This design can effectively avoid the drive shaft, prevent the detection block from contacting the drive shaft during movement, and reduce friction between components and potential wear risks.

[0026] There are many ways to install the detection block 61 radially and slidably. For example, C-shaped tracks are symmetrically arranged in the insert tubes on the left and right sides of the window, the C-shaped tracks 62 are matched and docked with the window, and the detection block 61 is matched and inserted into the two C-shaped tracks.

[0027] The telescopic driving mechanism is installed on the driving shaft. When the driving shaft rotates, the telescopic assembly drives the detection block to slide forward and backward in the radial direction, controls the extension and retraction of the outer end of the detection block, and the detection block in the retracted state blocks the window.

[0028] Specifically: the telescopic driving mechanism includes an upper driving disk 63, a lower driving disk 64, an upper driving assembly 65 and a lower driving assembly 66. The upper driving disk 63 and the lower driving disk 64 are axially slidably installed in the insert tubes on the upper and lower sides of the detection block, and the upper driving disk and the lower driving disk are both connected to the driving shaft in a transmission manner. When the driving shaft rotates, it will drive the upper driving disk and the lower driving disk to rise and fall synchronously along the inner wall of the insert tube.

[0029] Specifically: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the driving shaft 51 in the insert cylinder 5 is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the insert cylinder 5 is evenly spaced with a plurality of guide strips 54 along the circumferential direction. The upper driving disk has the same structure as the lower driving disk, and both include a disk body and a screw sleeve. The screw sleeve is threadedly mounted on the driving shaft, and the disk body is fixedly mounted on the screw sleeve. The outer ring surface of the disk body is in contact with the inner wall of the insert cylinder, and a notch matching the guide strip 54 is provided on the outer ring surface of the disk body. The notch and the guide strip 54 cooperate to constrain the disk body to only slide axially along the inner wall of the insert cylinder, and cannot rotate based on the screw sleeve. Therefore, when the driving shaft rotates, the upper and lower driving disks can be driven to rise and fall synchronously.

[0030] The upper drive disk is connected to the detection block through the lower drive assembly. When the upper drive disk descends, the detection block will be driven to slide inward and retract through the lower drive assembly; the lower drive disk is connected to the detection block through the upper drive assembly. When the lower drive disk rises, the detection block will be driven to slide outward and extend out of the insertion tube through the upper drive assembly. The drive shaft is located between the lower drive assembly and the upper drive assembly. When the drive block moves, the drive shaft will not contact the two drive assemblies.

[0031] The upper driving assembly 65 includes an upper driving block 651 and an upper block 652 in the shape of a right-angled triangle. The upper block is installed in the driving channel close to the window side, and the hypotenuse end face of the upper block is arranged downward toward the driving shaft. The upper driving block is matched and installed on the lower driving plate below the upper block, and the upper driving block is provided with an extended inclined surface matching the hypotenuse end face of the upper block. The extended inclined surface is in contact with the hypotenuse end face of the upper block. When the lower driving plate moves up, it will drive the upper driving block to move up, thereby driving the detection block to move outward along the hypotenuse end face of the upper block through the upper driving block to extend out of the insertion tube.

[0032] The lower driving component 66 includes a lower driving block 661 and a lower stop block 662 in the shape of a right triangle. The lower stop block is installed in the driving channel away from the window side, and the hypotenuse end face of the lower stop block is arranged upward facing the driving shaft. The lower driving block is fitted and installed on the lower driving disk above the lower stop block, and a retraction inclined surface matching the hypotenuse end face of the lower stop block is provided on the lower driving block. The retraction inclined surface is in contact with the hypotenuse end face of the lower stop block. When the upper driving plate moves downward, it will drive the lower driving block to move downward, so as to drive the detection block to move inward and retract into the insertion cylinder along the hypotenuse end face of the lower stop block.

[0033] The humidity detection sensor is fitted and installed on the outer end of the detection block and is connected to the detection control unit. An installation groove matching the humidity detection sensor is provided on the upper end face or the lower end face of the outer end of the detection block. The humidity detection sensor is fitted and installed in the installation groove, and the humidity detection sensor does not protrude from the detection block.

[0034] As Figure 10 shown, the control unit includes a power supply, a controller and a wireless transceiver module in the control box of the dark transfer cover. The controller is connected to the electric push rod and the humidity detection unit, and is used to control the telescopic movement of the electric push rod and receive the soil humidity data detected by the humidity detection unit. The wireless transceiver module is connected to the controller and is used to send the soil humidity data received by the controller to the hydrological drought monitoring center. The power supply is connected to the controller, and a control panel connected to the controller is provided on the outer wall of the control box. The control panel is used to display and adjust the parameters of the controller.

[0035] In use, after the support frame is unfolded and placed on the ground, the outer insertion rods of the scissor support legs of the support frame are struck with a tool, so that the outer insertion rods of the scissor support legs and the inner insertion rod sections of the inner connecting rods are inserted vertically into the ground together. After the support frame is fixed, the electric push rod is then started to extend by the monitoring and control unit. During the extension process, the electric push rod will push down the control box, thereby inserting the insertion cylinder into the deep soil downward. As the insertion cylinder goes deeper, the downward insertion resistance of the insertion cylinder will increase. When the downward insertion resistance of the insertion cylinder is greater than the fixing force of the support frame fixed on the ground, the extended electric push rod will push up the top plate of the support frame, thereby driving the inner connecting rod to flip, so that the inner insertion rod section of the inner connecting rod rotates inward around the hinge seat 22 and separates from the outer insertion rod, so that each scissor support leg opens in the soil like scissors, thereby increasing the fixing force of the support frame and enabling the insertion cylinder to be smoothly inserted into the deep soil. After the insertion cylinder is inserted, the drive shaft in the insertion cylinder is driven by the drive mechanism to rotate clockwise. The clockwise rotating drive shaft will drive the detection block in the retracted state to extend radially outward through the window, so that the humidity detection sensor installed at the end of the detection block is in direct contact with the deep soil, thereby directly detecting the humidity of the deep soil. Compared with the existing insertion cylinder that is inserted into the soil by manual knocking and the spiral drilling method, using the electric push rod to directly insert the insertion cylinder into the soil is simple to operate. Moreover, during the direct insertion process of the insertion cylinder, the conical bottom can not only reduce the insertion resistance, but also push the soil to the surrounding. Compared with the spiral drilling method that will carry the upper soil layer to the deep layer, using the electric push rod to press and insert the insertion cylinder will not mix the soil layer, and the detection result is more accurate. After the detection and control unit receives the monitoring data, it will send it to the monitoring center. The monitoring center can judge the hydrological drought situation in the area according to the humidity of the deep soil.

[0036] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only used for exemplary illustration or explanation of the principle of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrological drought monitoring device, characterized in that, It includes a support frame, an electric push rod, a control box, a detection control unit, and an insertion cylinder; the support frame includes a top plate, and a plurality of scissor support legs are evenly installed on the outer circumferential surface of the top plate along the circumferential direction. The scissor support legs include an outer insertion rod and an inner connecting rod. The inner connecting rod includes an inner insertion rod section hinged to the outer insertion rod, and a connecting rod section is obliquely connected to the top end of the inner insertion rod section. A plurality of sliding sleeves are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the top plate along the circumferential direction, and the sliding sleeves correspond to the scissor support legs one by one. The sliding sleeves are hinged to the top plate, and the connecting rod section of the scissor support leg is inserted into the corresponding sliding sleeve in a matching manner, and the sliding sleeve can slide on the connecting rod section; an electric push rod is installed below the top plate, and a control box is installed at the lower end of the electric push rod. A detection control unit connected to the electric push rod is arranged in the control box, and the detection control unit is used to control the telescopic movement of the electric push rod; the insertion cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the control box, and the bottom end of the insertion cylinder is conically sealed; a window communicating with the inside is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the insertion cylinder, and a humidity detection unit connected to the controller is arranged on the inner side of the window in a matching manner. The humidity detection unit includes a detection mechanism and a telescopic drive mechanism. The detection mechanism is connected to the detection control unit and is used to detect the soil humidity; the telescopic drive mechanism is connected to the detection control unit and is used to control the extension and retraction of the detection mechanism.

2. The hydrological drought monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that A drive shaft is rotatably installed in the insertion cylinder, and the top end of the drive shaft extends upward into the control box. A drive mechanism is arranged in the control box, and the drive shaft is in transmission connection with the drive mechanism; the detection mechanism includes a detection block and a humidity detection sensor. The detection block passes through the window and is slidably installed in the insertion cylinder along the radial direction. A strip-shaped drive channel is arranged in the middle of the detection block, and the drive shaft passes through the drive channel; the telescopic drive mechanism is installed on the drive shaft; the humidity detection sensor is installed at the outer end of the detection block in a matching manner and is connected to the detection control unit.

3. The hydrological drought monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, An installation groove matching the humidity detection sensor is arranged on the upper end surface or the lower end surface of the outer end of the detection block, and the humidity detection sensor is installed in the installation groove in a matching manner.

4. The hydrological drought monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic drive mechanism includes an upper drive disk, a lower drive disk, an upper drive assembly, and a lower drive assembly. The upper drive disk and the lower drive disk are slidably installed in the insertion cylinder on the upper and lower sides of the detection block along the axial direction, and both the upper drive disk and the lower drive disk are in transmission connection with the drive shaft. When the drive shaft rotates, it will drive the upper drive disk and the lower drive disk to synchronously lift along the inner wall of the insertion cylinder; the upper drive disk is connected to the detection block through the lower drive assembly. When the upper drive disk descends, it will drive the detection block to slide inward and retract through the lower drive assembly; the lower drive disk is connected to the detection block through the upper drive assembly. When the lower drive disk ascends, it will drive the detection block to slide outward and extend out of the insertion cylinder through the upper drive assembly.

5. The hydrological drought monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein, The upper driving assembly includes an upper driving block and an upper stopper in the shape of a right triangle. The lower driving assembly includes a lower driving block and a lower stopper in the shape of a right triangle. The lower stopper and the upper stopper are respectively fixed at both ends of the driving channel, wherein the hypotenuse end face of the lower stopper faces upward, and the hypotenuse end face of the upper stopper faces downward; the upper driving block is installed on the lower driving disk, and an extending inclined surface is provided on the upper driving block. The extending inclined surface of the upper driving block faces the hypotenuse end face of the upper stopper; the lower driving block is installed on the lower driving disk, and a retracting inclined surface is provided on the lower driving block. The retracting inclined surface faces the hypotenuse end face of the lower stopper.

6. The hydrological drought monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hinge seat is provided on the outer insertion rod. The inner insertion rod section and the connecting rod section are of an integral structure. The lower section of the inner connecting rod is the inner insertion rod section, and the upper section of the inner connecting rod is bent to form the connecting rod section. A transverse axis is arranged at the bending part of the inner connecting rod and installed in the hinge seat, so that the inner connecting rod rotates downward around the hinge seat, and the inner insertion rod section abuts and fits with the outer insertion rod.

7. The hydrological drought monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection and control unit includes a power supply, a controller and a wireless transceiver module installed in the control box. The controller is connected to the electric push rod and the humidity detection unit, and is used to control the telescopic movement of the electric push rod and receive the soil humidity data detected by the humidity detection unit. The wireless transceiver module is connected to the controller and is used to send the soil humidity data received by the controller to the hydrological drought monitoring center. The power supply is connected to the controller. A control panel connected to the controller is provided on the outer wall of the control box, and the control panel is used to display and adjust the parameters of the controller.

8. The hydrological drought monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of grooves are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on the rod body of the outer insertion rod. A stopper matching the groove is provided on the inner insertion rod section. When the inner connecting rod rotates downward to make the inner insertion rod section abut against the outer insertion rod, the stopper of the inner insertion rod section is inserted into the corresponding groove of the outer insertion rod.

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