A power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of power conductor fault location, and specifically discloses a power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things, comprising: detecting the propagation of traveling wave signals on the branch line of the power conductor laying network, deriving the dielectric constant around the corresponding conductor of the line, detecting the environmental interference around the conductor by sensor equipment, constructing the actual dielectric constant generated by the environmental influence, comparing and locating the position of the bifurcation point, and identifying the line fault; by comparing the deviation direction of the external interference dielectric constant and the actual dielectric constant, dividing the fault line and the compensation detection line, and then correcting the fault point position of the fault line; by identifying the difference range of the external interference dielectric constant and the actual dielectric constant, setting the dielectric constant compensation for the actual dielectric constant of the compensation detection line with a smaller difference range; and replanning the detection method for the compensation detection line with a larger difference range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power conductor fault location, and relates to a power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] In modern power systems, the network of power conductors is vast and complex. They carry the mission of transmitting electrical energy and are critical infrastructure for the normal operation of society. However, power conductors face numerous challenges during operation, among which faults have a serious impact on the reliability and stability of power supply. Therefore, efficient and accurate power conductor fault location technology is crucial.

[0003] Several existing solutions exist for locating power line faults. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN114689995A discloses a method for locating transmission line faults using collaborative monitoring with contact and non-contact devices. The contact device collects the conductor's power frequency current, voltage, and traveling wave waveforms in real time. When a fault is triggered, the data is uploaded and the non-contact device retrieves the waveforms stored during the fault period. The fault section is identified by combining power frequency parameters, and precise positioning is achieved using the time difference between the traveling wave reaching each monitoring point. Distributed data fusion and a time-series backtracking mechanism improve positioning accuracy and reliability in complex environments.

[0004] Another Chinese patent, CN107219439B, discloses a method, device, and system for determining the fault location of a fault on a conductor of a power supply network. The method determines the waveform of a traveling wave that propagates along the conductor toward the conductor end when a fault occurs by using first and second current and / or voltage values with timestamps at two conductor ends; and determines the time difference between the traveling wave reaching the two conductor ends, thereby determining the fault location based on the waveform of the traveling wave determined for the conductor ends.

[0005] Although the above schemes have proposed some solutions for locating power conductor faults, they still have the following limitations: 1. Existing technologies mainly locate faults by real-time detection of multiple power parameters at multiple monitoring points on all lines in the power conductor laying network. In a complex power network, a large number of branches and connection points make the detection data complicated, making fault location more difficult to track and analyze.

[0006] 2. Existing technologies lack the ability to locate faults through fusion. The complexity of the external environment often causes fluctuations in interference signals. Different interference factors may cause the interference signals to deviate from the actual values to varying degrees. These interference factors exhibit variable characteristics in different locations, further increasing the difficulty of fault location. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, a power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things is proposed.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things, which includes: a traveling wave fault location module: used to obtain the branches of the power conductor laying network, evenly arrange n monitoring points on the branches of the power conductor laying network, identify each marked line and its branch point in the synchronization time period, and number each marked line as , and obtain the dielectric constant around the corresponding conductors of each marked line, including the traveling wave rated dielectric constant , actual dielectric constant , n is a set constant.

[0009] Line environment data detection module: used to extract the diverging line segments of each marked line and detect the corresponding environmental interference dielectric constant and electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of each marked line.

[0010] Fault deviation correction identification module: used to identify each fault line and each compensation detection line, and analyze the deviation distance of the branch point of each fault line.

[0011] Positioning compensation detection module: used to identify the compensation detection method of each compensation detection circuit and perform fault positioning compensation detection.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention derives the dielectric constant around the corresponding conductor of the line by detecting the propagation of the traveling wave signal on the branch line of the power conductor laying network. At the same time, the present invention detects the environmental interference around the conductor through the sensor equipment, constructs the actual dielectric constant caused by the environmental influence, and after comparing and locating the branch point position, the line fault is identified at the branch point position, which increases the convenience of fault location.

[0013] (2) The present invention divides the fault line and the compensation detection line by comparing the deviation direction of the external interference dielectric constant and the actual dielectric constant, and then corrects the fault point position of the fault line, thereby increasing the accuracy of fault location identification.

[0014] (3) The present invention identifies the difference range between the external interference dielectric constant and the actual dielectric constant, defines the compensation detection method for the compensation detection circuit, and sets the dielectric constant compensation for the actual dielectric constant of the compensation detection circuit with a smaller difference range, which can effectively correct the slight deviation caused by external interference; and re-plans the detection method for the compensation detection circuit with a larger difference range, which can avoid erroneous results caused by severe interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system module connection of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a signal curve showing how the signal propagation speed of a monitoring point on a support line varies with line distance according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the diverging line segments of the marking circuit of the present invention.

[0019] Figure numerals: 1. Uniform and lossless support line, 2. Valley value of the signal curve to which the marked line belongs, 3. Bifurcation point, 4. The previous adjacent monitoring point to which the bifurcation point belongs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things, which includes: a traveling wave fault location module, a line environment data detection module, a fault deviation correction and identification module, and a positioning compensation detection module.

[0022] The traveling wave fault location module is connected to the line environment data detection module, the line environment data detection module is connected to the fault deviation correction and identification module, and the fault deviation correction and identification module is connected to the location compensation detection module.

[0023] The traveling wave fault location module is used to obtain each branch line of the power conductor laying network, evenly arrange n monitoring points on each branch line of the power conductor laying network, identify each marked line and its branch point within the synchronization time period, and number each marked line as , and obtain the dielectric constant around the corresponding conductors of each marked line, including the rated dielectric constant of the traveling wave , actual dielectric constant , n is a set constant.

[0024] See also Figure 2As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the specific process of identifying each marked line and its divergence point within the synchronization time period is as follows: by installing a traveling wave sensor at one end point of each branch line, obtaining the traveling wave signal propagation speed received by each monitoring point on each branch line during the synchronization time period, and constructing a signal curve of the signal propagation speed of the monitoring point on each branch line as a function of the line distance.

[0025] The peak and valley values of the signal curve belonging to each branch line are extracted, and the difference is compared with the preset over-limit difference. When the corresponding difference between the peak and valley values of the signal curve belonging to a branch line is higher than the preset over-limit difference, the branch line is recorded as a marked line, and the marked lines of the power conductor laying network are obtained.

[0026] Extract the signal curve of each marker line from the signal curve of each branch line, and take the peak value of the signal curve of each marker line as the rated value of the signal propagation speed of each marker line in the synchronization period. , and obtain the monitoring point position of the valley value of the signal curve of each marked line, which is recorded as the divergence point of each marked line in the synchronization time period.

[0027] Specifically, the traveling wave sensor, installed at one end of a line, captures the traveling wave signal from the entire conductor section. By analyzing the traveling wave signal, the sensor can infer the signal transmission speed at different monitoring points. For example, in a long conductor section, three monitoring points, A, B, and C, are set up. When a traveling wave signal passes through the conductor section, the signal collected by the sensor contains information about the different times at which the traveling wave arrives at these three monitoring points. By analyzing the signal's temporal characteristics (such as the arrival time difference), the transmission speed of the traveling wave between these different monitoring points can be determined.

[0028] In addition, according to the theory of traveling wave propagation, the propagation speed of the traveling wave signal in a uniform and lossless support line is relatively stable. When an abnormality occurs in the conductor section, the electrical parameters of the line near the abnormal point change, which will cause the transmission speed of the traveling wave signal to change when passing through the area.

[0029] In a further preferred embodiment, the dielectric constant around the corresponding conductor of each marked circuit is obtained as follows: 1) obtaining the relative magnetic permeability of the conductor material preset for each marked circuit , and obtain the traveling wave signal propagation speed determined by the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of vacuum , the formula is deduced by reversing the propagation speed of the traveling wave signal , calculate the traveling wave rated dielectric constant of the medium surrounding each marked line conductor .

[0030] 2) Extract the signal propagation speed when the signal propagates to the monitoring point where the valley value is located from the signal curve of the signal propagation speed of the monitoring point on each marked line as the line distance changes , the formula is deduced by reversing the propagation speed of the traveling wave signal , calculate the actual dielectric constant of each marked line at the actual propagation speed .

[0031] Specifically, the traveling wave signal propagation speed is the standard formula of the traveling wave signal propagation speed in the medium. It is derived that is the equivalent magnetic permeability of the medium, The dielectric constant of the medium is analyzed only for a single dielectric layer. When there are multiple dielectric layers around the transmission line (for example, there are both insulating materials and metal shielding layers, and there are also air layers with different humidity outside), the medium needs to be regarded as a composite medium composed of multiple sub-regions with different electromagnetic properties, and then the standard formula for the propagation speed of the traveling wave signal in the medium is modified. For example, when the magnetic permeability of the material of each dielectric layer is Calculate the equivalent magnetic permeability of the medium when , Indicates the number of each dielectric layer, , and then substitute it into the propagation speed formula.

[0032] The relative magnetic permeability of the conductor material is the ratio between the equivalent magnetic permeability of the preset conductor material and the magnetic permeability of vacuum.

[0033] Different media have different electromagnetic properties, which will cause the phase velocity of the wave propagating in them to change, which is specifically manifested in the influence of relative dielectric constant and relative magnetic permeability on the phase velocity. In a vacuum, the propagation speed of the traveling wave signal is , and are the vacuum magnetic permeability and vacuum dielectric constant respectively. In non-magnetic media, the phase velocity ,in is the speed of light in vacuum, , and are the vacuum permeability and vacuum permittivity, is the relative permittivity of the medium relative to vacuum.

[0034] The traveling wave rated dielectric constant represents a minimum term for external interference.

[0035] The actual dielectric constant represents the maximum term of external interference.

[0036] The line environment data detection module is used to extract the branch line segments of each marked line and detect the corresponding environmental interference dielectric constant and electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of each marked line.

[0037] See also Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the detection of the dielectric constant of the corresponding environmental interference of each marked line includes: obtaining the previous adjacent monitoring point of the divergence point of each marked line in the synchronization time period, and recording the interval to which it belongs as the divergence line segment of each marked line.

[0038] The environmental sensors detect the environmental parameters of the branch segments of each marked line, such as temperature , relative humidity , atmospheric pressure , the corresponding normal values of the corresponding environmental parameters preset in the laying area of each marked line Compare and construct a multivariate relationship between the environmental factors and dielectric constants of the divergent segments of each marked line ,in It is The divergence line segments of the marked lines are at the temperature , relative humidity and atmospheric pressure Dielectric constant under environmental interference, Respectively represent the corresponding preset reference interference deviations of temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure, It is A temperature coefficient of the preset marking circuit, It is The humidity coefficient of the preset marking line, It is The preset pressure coefficient of each marking line.

[0039] Specifically, in actual lines, the propagation speed of traveling wave signals may be affected by multiple factors (such as conductor material, surrounding medium, and environmental factors), causing it to vary at different locations. Therefore, when analyzing the propagation of traveling wave signals, it is necessary to exclude the influence of external interference factors.

[0040] Temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure are interrelated factors that affect the dielectric constant around conductors. The combined effects of these environmental factors complicate the variation in dielectric constant around conductors. For example, rising temperature can cause changes in the humidity of a medium, as it accelerates water evaporation or, in some cases, causes water migration within the material. Furthermore, changes in atmospheric pressure can affect humidity. At high altitudes (where atmospheric pressure is low), the water vapor content in the air is relatively low. Therefore, in practical power conductor installations, comprehensive consideration of environmental factors across different branch conductor areas is necessary.

[0041] At the same time, due to the differences in the environments of the laying areas of the marking lines, there are positive and negative differences in the preset temperature coefficients and pressure coefficients. For example, when the surrounding environment of a marking line is a dielectric material (such as a ceramic capacitor), within a certain temperature range, as the temperature rises, its dielectric constant may increase. At this time, the temperature coefficient is positive. This is because the increase in temperature intensifies the lattice vibration inside the material and enhances the thermal motion of ions, making polarization more likely to occur; when the surrounding environment of a marking line is some polymer material, the increase in temperature may cause the dielectric constant to decrease. At this time, the temperature coefficient is negative. This is because the increase in temperature intensifies the movement of polymer molecular chains, increases the distance between molecular chains, and reduces the order of the material, thereby reducing the degree of polarization.

[0042] In a further preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic interference dielectric constant is specifically: by detecting other interference parameters of the diverging line segments of each marked line through a sensor, such as electromagnetic field strength, chemical pollutant concentration, and mechanical vibration force, and then constructing the electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the diverging line segments of each marked line in the same way as the environmental interference dielectric constant of the diverging line segments of each marked line. .

[0043] The fault deviation correction identification module is used to identify each fault line and each compensation detection line, and analyze the branch point deviation distance of each fault line.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the identification of each fault line and each compensation detection line includes: integrating the environmental interference dielectric constant and the electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the branch line segment of each marked line , get the corresponding external interference dielectric constant of the divergent line segments of each marked line .

[0045] The actual dielectric constant refers to data calculated from the traveling wave signal detection result, and the external interference dielectric constant refers to data obtained by analyzing the on-site environment detected by the sensor.

[0046] The dielectric constant of the branch line segments of each marked line corresponding to the external interference and the actual dielectric constant For comparison, if the external interference dielectric constant corresponding to the branch line segment of a marked line is smaller than the actual dielectric constant, it is determined that the marked line has a fault defect. The marked line is recorded as a faulty line, and the branch point of the faulty line is located and corrected by correcting the distance calculation formula.

[0047] If the external interference dielectric constant corresponding to the branch line segment of the marked line is greater than the actual dielectric constant, it is determined that the external interference intensity of the corresponding branch line segment of the marked line is excessive, so that there may be errors in the traveling wave signal detection method, and the marked line needs to be recorded as a compensation detection line and re-detected.

[0048] Statistics are obtained for each fault line and each compensation detection line.

[0049] The present invention detects the propagation of traveling wave signals on the branch lines of the power conductor laying network, derives the dielectric constant around the corresponding conductors of the line, and simultaneously detects the environmental interference around the conductors through sensor equipment to construct the actual dielectric constant generated by the environmental influence. After comparing and locating the branch point position, the line fault is identified at the branch point position, which increases the convenience of fault location.

[0050] In a further preferred embodiment, the analysis of the deviation distance of the branch point of each fault line includes: by modifying the distance calculation formula , calculate the corresponding correction distance of the branch line segment of each fault line ,in Indicates the relative magnetic permeability of the conductor material preset in the marking line. Indicates the preset unit interval duration, They represent the external interference dielectric constant and actual dielectric constant of the diverging line segments of the marked line, Indicates the number of each fault line, .

[0051] Specifically, the signal sent by the monitoring point is limited to roughly locating the fault in the conductor section. The actual branch point may be a certain position on this conductor section, so it is necessary to perform position correction analysis on the monitoring point position.

[0052] According to the calculation formula of traveling wave signal propagation speed, under the condition of the magnetic permeability of the conductor material, the larger the dielectric constant value is, the smaller the traveling wave signal propagation speed is. When , it is determined that the actual propagation speed of the traveling wave signal in the marked line is affected by interference delay.

[0053] The positioning compensation detection module is used to identify the compensation detection method of each compensation detection circuit and perform fault positioning compensation detection.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the compensation detection method for identifying each compensation detection circuit includes: extracting the environmental interference dielectric constant and electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the branch line segment of each compensation detection circuit from the corresponding external interference dielectric constant of the branch line segment of each marked circuit and the actual dielectric constant, and comparing to obtain the difference between the environmental interference dielectric constant and the electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the branch line segment of each compensation detection circuit. , Indicates the number of each compensation detection circuit, .

[0055] like , then it is determined that the compensation detection method of the compensation detection circuit belongs to a class of compensation detection methods, in which It represents the corresponding dielectric constant difference range of a preset type of compensation detection method.

[0056] like , then it is determined that the compensation detection method of the compensation detection circuit belongs to the second type of compensation detection method, where It represents the corresponding dielectric constant difference range of the preset second type compensation detection method, .

[0057] The present invention divides the fault line and the compensation detection line by comparing the deviation direction of the external interference dielectric constant and the actual dielectric constant, and then corrects the fault point position of the fault line, thereby increasing the accuracy of fault location identification.

[0058] In a further preferred embodiment, the type of compensation detection method includes: counting the compensation detection circuits belonging to the type of compensation detection method, and recording them as a type of compensation detection group circuit.

[0059] Based on the method of obtaining the environmental interference dielectric constant and electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the divergent line segments of each marked line, the difference between the environmental interference dielectric constant and the electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the divergent line segments at each monitoring point position on each compensation detection line in a class of compensation detection group lines is obtained, and the average is taken as the average difference of the interference dielectric constant of the class of compensation detection group lines.

[0060] The average difference of the interference dielectric constants of a type of compensation detection group lines is used as the dielectric constant compensation value, and then the actual dielectric constant of each compensation detection line in the type of compensation detection group lines is added with the dielectric constant compensation value to obtain its newly created actual dielectric constant.

[0061] Based on the contents of the line environment data detection module and the fault deviation correction and identification module, fault detection and positioning are re-performed on a class of compensation detection group lines according to the newly created actual dielectric constant.

[0062] In a further preferred embodiment, the second-category compensation detection method includes: counting the compensation detection circuits belonging to the second-category compensation detection method, which are recorded as second-category compensation detection group circuits.

[0063] The power-related parameters of the second-class compensation detection group lines are detected by sensors, and compared with the normal values of the corresponding power parameters. The power parameters in the second-class compensation detection group lines whose difference values with the normal values of the corresponding power parameters exceed the preset difference threshold are screened out and recorded as the floating parameters of each compensation detection line in the second-class compensation detection group lines.

[0064] Obtain the key power detection parameters corresponding to each compensation detection method, and match them with the floating parameters of each compensation detection line in the second-category compensation detection group line. If the key power detection parameters corresponding to a compensation detection method match the floating parameters of a compensation detection line in the second-category compensation detection group line, then use the compensation detection method as the compensation detection method of the compensation detection line in the second-category compensation detection group line, and compare to obtain the compensation detection method of the second-category compensation detection group line.

[0065] The floating parameters include current, voltage, etc.

[0066] The compensation detection methods include impedance method, partial discharge detection method, etc., wherein the key power detection parameters corresponding to the impedance method are current and voltage, and the key power detection parameter corresponding to the partial discharge detection method is voltage.

[0067] The present invention identifies the difference range between the external interference dielectric constant and the actual dielectric constant, defines a compensation detection method for the compensation detection circuit, and sets the dielectric constant compensation for the actual dielectric constant of the compensation detection circuit with a smaller difference range. This can effectively correct minor deviations caused by external interference; and replans the detection method for the compensation detection circuit with a larger difference range to avoid erroneous results caused by severe interference. This processing method based on the difference range can adapt to a variety of interference situations. Whether it is electromagnetic interference, changes in dielectric properties caused by temperature and humidity changes, or changes in dielectric constant caused by other unknown factors, the normal operation of the detection system can be guaranteed through corresponding compensation or replanning measures, so that the detection system can still maintain stable performance in complex and changing environments.

[0068] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: The system includes: Traveling wave fault location module: n monitoring points are evenly distributed on each branch line of the power conductor laying network, each marked line and its divergence point in the synchronization time period are identified, and each marked line is numbered as , and obtain the dielectric constant around the corresponding conductors of each marked line, including the traveling wave rated dielectric constant , actual dielectric constant ; Get the relative magnetic permeability of the conductor material preset for each marked line , and obtain the traveling wave signal propagation speed determined by the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of vacuum , the formula is deduced by reversing the propagation speed of the traveling wave signal Calculate the traveling wave rated dielectric constant of the medium surrounding each marked line conductor ; Line environment data detection module: extracts the diverging line segments of each marked line and detects the corresponding environmental interference dielectric constant and electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of each marked line; The detection of the dielectric constant of the corresponding environmental interference of each marked line includes: detecting the environmental parameters of the branch line segments of each marked line by the environmental sensor, such as temperature , relative humidity , atmospheric pressure , the corresponding normal values of the corresponding environmental parameters preset in the laying area of each marked line Compare and construct a multivariate relationship between the environmental factors and dielectric constants of the divergent segments of each marked line , calculate the The divergence line segments of the marked lines are at the temperature , relative humidity and atmospheric pressure Dielectric constant under environmental interference , Respectively represent the corresponding preset reference interference deviations of temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure, It is A temperature coefficient of the preset marking circuit, It is The humidity coefficient of the preset marking line, It is The preset pressure coefficient of each marking line; Fault deviation correction and identification module: identifies each fault line and each compensation detection line, and analyzes the deviation distance of the branch point of each fault line; The analysis of the deviation distance of the bifurcation point of each fault line includes: the relative magnetic permeability of the conductor material preset according to the marked line , preset unit interval duration , Dielectric constant of the corresponding external interference of the diverging line segment of the marking line and the actual dielectric constant Comprehensively analyze the corresponding correction distances of the branch line segments of each fault line , Indicates the number of each fault line, , ; Positioning compensation detection module: identifies the compensation detection method of each compensation detection circuit and performs fault positioning compensation detection.

2. The power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of identifying each marked line and its divergence point within the synchronization time period is as follows: installing a traveling wave sensor at one end point of each branch line to obtain the propagation speed of the traveling wave signal received by each monitoring point on each branch line during the synchronization time period, and constructing a signal curve of the signal propagation speed of the monitoring point on each branch line as a function of line distance; Extract the peak and valley values of the signal curve belonging to each branch line, take the difference and compare it with the preset over-limit difference. When the corresponding difference between the peak and valley values of the signal curve belonging to a branch line is higher than the preset over-limit difference, the branch line is marked as a marked line, and the marked lines of the power conductor laying network are obtained; Extract the signal curve of each marked line, and take the peak value of the signal curve of each marked line as the rated value of the signal propagation speed of each marked line in the synchronization time period. , and obtain the monitoring point position of the valley value of the signal curve of each marked line, which is recorded as the divergence point of each marked line in the synchronization time period.

3. The power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that: The actual dielectric constant of the marked line at the actual propagation speed is obtained as follows: the signal propagation speed when the signal propagates to the monitoring point where the valley value is located is extracted from the signal curve of the signal propagation speed of the monitoring point on each marked line as the line distance changes. The actual dielectric constant of each marked line at the actual propagation speed is calculated by the reverse formula of the traveling wave signal propagation speed .

4. The power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic interference dielectric constant is specifically: by detecting other interference parameters of the diverging line segments of each marked line through sensors, such as electromagnetic field strength, chemical pollutant concentration, and mechanical vibration force, and then constructing the electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the diverging line segments of each marked line .

5. The power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 3, characterized in that: The identification of each fault line and each compensation detection line includes: integrating the environmental interference dielectric constant and the electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the branch line segment of each marked line to obtain the external interference dielectric constant corresponding to the branch line segment of each marked line; Compare the external interference dielectric constant of the branch line segment of each marked line with the actual dielectric constant. If the external interference dielectric constant of the branch line segment of a marked line is smaller than the actual dielectric constant, it is determined that the marked line has a fault defect. The marked line is marked as a faulty line, and the branch point of the faulty line is located and corrected by correcting the distance calculation formula. If the dielectric constant of the external interference corresponding to the branch line segment of the marked line is greater than the actual dielectric constant, it is determined that the external interference intensity of the corresponding branch line segment of the marked line is excessive, so that the traveling wave signal detection method may have errors, and then the marked line needs to be marked as a compensation detection line and re-detected; Statistics are obtained for each fault line and each compensation detection line.

6. The power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation detection method for identifying each compensation detection circuit includes: extracting the environmental interference dielectric constant and the electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the branch line segment of each compensation detection circuit, and comparing and obtaining the difference between the environmental interference dielectric constant and the electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the branch line segment of each compensation detection circuit. , Indicates the number of each compensation detection circuit, ; like , then it is determined that the compensation detection method of the compensation detection circuit belongs to a class of compensation detection methods, in which It represents the corresponding dielectric constant difference range of a preset compensation detection method; like , then it is determined that the compensation detection method of the compensation detection circuit belongs to the second type of compensation detection method, where It represents the corresponding dielectric constant difference range of the preset second type compensation detection method, .

7. The power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first type of compensation detection method includes: Count the compensation detection lines belonging to a type of compensation detection method, and record them as a type of compensation detection group line; Obtain the difference between the environmental interference dielectric constant and the electromagnetic interference dielectric constant of the diverging line segments at each monitoring point on each compensation detection line in a type of compensation detection group line, and take their average value as the average difference of the interference dielectric constant of the type of compensation detection group line; The average difference in the interference dielectric constant of a type of compensation detection group lines is used as the dielectric constant compensation value, and then the actual dielectric constant of each compensation detection line in the type of compensation detection group lines is added to the dielectric constant compensation value to obtain its newly created actual dielectric constant; Based on the contents of the line environment data detection module and the fault deviation correction and identification module, fault detection and positioning are re-performed on a class of compensation detection group lines according to the newly created actual dielectric constant.

8. The power conductor fault location system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second type of compensation detection method includes: Count the compensation detection lines belonging to the second-category compensation detection method, and record them as the second-category compensation detection group lines; Using sensors to detect various power-related parameters of the second-class compensation detection group lines, comparing them with normal values of the corresponding power parameters, screening out power parameters whose difference between the power parameters of the second-class compensation detection group lines and the normal values of the corresponding power parameters exceeds a preset difference threshold, and recording them as floating parameters of each compensation detection line in the second-class compensation detection group lines; Obtain the key power detection parameters corresponding to each compensation detection method, and match them with the floating parameters of each compensation detection line in the second-category compensation detection group line. If the key power detection parameters corresponding to a compensation detection method match the floating parameters of a compensation detection line in the second-category compensation detection group line, then use the compensation detection method as the compensation detection method of the compensation detection line in the second-category compensation detection group line, and compare to obtain the compensation detection method of the second-category compensation detection group line.

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