Towing cable data real-time CMP superposition method and related equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a towing cable data real-time CMP superposition method and related equipment. Obtaining a group of first time and speed pair data from the speed spectrum, and interpolating to generate a group of second time and speed pair data; aiming at each piece of sample point data of each channel in the channel set data, sequentially corresponding to a second time speed pair; calculating a distortion coefficient theta corresponding to each sample point by utilizing a stretch rate formula; setting a range for the distortion coefficient theta, and cutting off points exceeding the range; performing dynamic correction on the processed data of the sample points in each channel; calculating CMP numbers corresponding to all channels corresponding to the shot points; amplitude value data of channels with the same CMP number in each shot point are superposed on the CMP number after dynamic correction processing, and the superposition frequency mk on the CMP number is recorded; and dividing the superposition times mk by the data obtained after superposition to obtain final superposition section data. By means of the method, the stacked section can be displayed in real time, and the real-time quality control effect of the towrope is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of petroleum geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a method for real-time CMP stacking of towed cable data and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] During marine towed cable seismic acquisition, the position of the cable is constantly changing, and many random factors will affect the energy growth and decay of noise and signals. Accurately evaluating the energy levels of noise and effective signals is of great significance for controlling data quality, guiding subsequent operations, and data processing. In the process of implementing towed cable quality control, the system status data recorded in SEG-D format disk files or SEG-Y format disk files during the acquisition process is obtained in a timely manner and presented in a more flexible and intuitive way to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring of the acquisition status and data quality.

[0003] SEG (Society of Exploration)-D is a standard format for storing seismic exploration data, which includes seismic waveform data, time information, seismic instrument parameters, and other related metadata. SEG-Y is also a standard format for storing seismic exploration data, which is an extension of the SEG-D format and can contain more metadata information.

[0004] In the arrival time of the reflected wave on the seismic record, there is a time delay caused by non-zero shot-receiver offset, that is, normal moveout, which affects the consistency between the shape of the reflection event and the underground structure. In order to eliminate these effects, provide better data for wave correlation, data processing, and interpretation, and better solve geological problems for accurately understanding the underground structure, it is necessary to perform dynamic correction on the arrival time of the reflected wave and then perform CMP stacking. Due to the existence of the shot-receiver offset, a seismic waveform after dynamic correction is different from the waveform before dynamic correction, the period becomes larger, and the duration of the waveform becomes longer, from L to L', resulting in waveform stretching distortion. As shown in the appendix Figure 1 As shown, in the dynamic correction process, although correct seismic data is used, the waveform distortion caused by dynamic correction is inevitable. Different stretching distortion effects are generated in the seismic data gathers at different shot-receiver offsets. The shallower the horizon and the larger the shot-receiver offset, the more serious the distortion, which affects the imaging quality of the stacked section. Therefore, for waveforms with serious stretching distortion, they must be cut off to ensure the stacking effect of the stacked section.

[0005] As shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the conventional processing method is to plot the gathers after dynamic correction according to shot-receiver offset-time, and then interactively define the cut-off line, which is a broken line. The waveforms of the seismic traces less than the broken line on the time axis are removed, and the waveforms of the seismic traces greater than the broken line are retained and participate in the stacking operation.

[0006] However, since the conventional processing method generates an interactive definition of the cut-off line operation during the processing, it cannot automatically cut off the waveforms with severe stretching distortion, and the calculation of CMP needs to be carried out according to coordinates, which is not conducive to the high efficiency and continuity of the streamer operation and cannot meet the high requirements for quality control efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data and related equipment that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data, including:

[0009] Obtain a set of first time-velocity pair data from the velocity spectrum, and interpolate to generate a set of second time-velocity pair data according to the first time-velocity pair data;

[0010] For each streamer, for the gather data of each shot point; for each sample point data of each trace in the gather data, the sample point data corresponds to the second time-velocity pair in turn; according to the second time-velocity pair, calculate the distortion coefficient θ corresponding to each sample point by using the stretching rate formula;

[0011] For each shot point, assign values to the data of each sample point in all traces in turn in the following manner: if the θ corresponding to the sample point is greater than the preset threshold value, then set the amplitude value of the sample point to zero and continue with the next sample point; if θ is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, then the amplitude value of the sample point remains unchanged, end the processing of the current trace, and jump to the next trace for processing until all traces of all shot points are processed completely;

[0012] Perform NMO correction on the data of the sample points in each trace whose amplitude values are not set to zero after the assignment processing;

[0013] For each shot point, calculate the CMP number corresponding to all traces corresponding to the shot point;

[0014] Superimpose the amplitude value data of the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point after the NMO correction processing onto the CMP number, and record the number of superimpositions m on the CMP number k ;

[0015] Divide the data obtained after the superposition by the number of superimpositions m k , to obtain the final stacked section data.

[0016] In one embodiment, calculating the distortion coefficient θ corresponding to each sample point by using the stretching rate formula according to the second time-velocity pair includes:

[0017] Calculate the corresponding distortion coefficient θ through the following stretching rate formula:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, θ is the distortion coefficient, x is the offset, t0 is the time in the second time velocity pair, and v is the velocity value corresponding to the second time velocity pair t0.

[0020] In one embodiment, calculate the CMP numbers corresponding to all traces corresponding to the shot point.

[0021] Calculate the CMP number through the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, N bin is the CMP number, SP i is the shot number of the current shot, SP0 is the shot number of the first shot, SI is the shot point distance, x Lmax is the maximum longitudinal offset, x Lj is the longitudinal offset of the current trace, B L is the bin length.

[0024] In one embodiment, after the step of performing NMO correction on the data of the samples with non-zero amplitude values in each trace after the assignment process, and before the step of stacking the amplitude value data of the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point after the NMO correction to the CMP number, it further includes:

[0025] For the samples with null amplitude values after NMO correction, use the amplitude values of the samples with non-null amplitude values before and after it to linearly interpolate to obtain a value, which is used as the updated amplitude value of the sample.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for real-time quality control of continuous streamer operation, including:

[0027] Using the stacked section data to perform real-time quality control on the continuous streamer operation;

[0028] The stacked section data is obtained by the real-time CMP stacking method of streamer data.

[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for real-time CMP stacking of streamer data, including:

[0030] A velocity pair data calculation module, configured to obtain a set of first time velocity pair data from the velocity spectrum, and interpolate to generate a set of second time velocity pair data according to the first time velocity pair data;

[0031] The distortion coefficient calculation module is used to calculate, for each cable, the gather data of each shot point; for each sample point data of each trace in the gather data, the sample point data is successively corresponded to the second time velocity pair, and according to the second time velocity pair, the distortion coefficient θ corresponding to each sample point is calculated by using the stretching rate formula.

[0032] The assignment processing module is used to perform assignment processing on the data of each sample point in all traces for each shot point in the following manner: if the θ corresponding to the sample point is greater than the preset threshold value, the amplitude value of the sample point is set to zero, and the next sample point is continued; if θ is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, the amplitude value of the sample point remains unchanged, the processing of the current trace is ended, and the next trace is skipped for processing until all traces of all shot points are processed completely.

[0033] The NMO correction module is used to perform NMO correction on the data of the sample points in each trace whose amplitude values are not set to zero after the assignment processing.

[0034] The stacking module is used to calculate, for each shot point, the CMP number corresponding to all traces corresponding to the shot point; the amplitude value data of the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point after the NMO correction processing is stacked onto the CMP number, and the stacking times m of the CMP number is recorded. k ; the data obtained after stacking is divided by the stacking times m. k to obtain the final stacked section data.

[0035] In one embodiment, after the step of performing NMO correction on the data of the sample points in each trace whose amplitude values are not set to zero after the assignment processing, and before the step of stacking the amplitude value data of the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point after the NMO correction processing onto the CMP number, for the sample points with null amplitude values after the NMO correction, the value obtained by linearly interpolating the amplitude values of the sample points before and after whose amplitude values are not null is used as the updated amplitude value of the sample point.

[0036] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for real-time quality control of continuous operation of a cable, including:

[0037] The quality control module is used to perform real-time quality control on the continuous operation of the cable by using the stacked section data.

[0038] The stacked section data is obtained by the real-time CMP stacking method of cable data.

[0039] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer storage medium, in which computer executable instructions are stored, and when the computer executable instructions are executed by a processor, the method of real-time CMP stacking of cable data or the method of real-time quality control of continuous operation of a cable is implemented.

[0040] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computing device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the method of real-time CMP stacking for towed cable data, or implements the method of real-time quality control for continuous operation of the towed cable.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention at least include:

[0042] For a real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data and related devices provided by an embodiment of the present invention, a stretching rate formula is derived, a gather excision method based on the stretching rate formula is proposed, an effective stretching rate range is confirmed, points with a stretching rate exceeding a predetermined threshold are filled with zero amplitude values and do not play a role in subsequent stacking, thereby realizing the automatic excision function of stretching distortion for parameter control, avoiding the operation of interactively defining excision lines. At the same time, for the calculation of CMP numbers, the complex function of calculating based on coordinates is simplified, and the calculation using shot numbers can meet the requirements of real-time and efficient quality control of offshore towed cables, realizing the real-time CMP stacking method, presenting the stacked section in real time, and achieving the effect of real-time quality control of the towed cable.

[0043] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in subsequent specifications, and part of them will become obvious from the specifications, or be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the structures specifically pointed out in the written specifications, claims, and drawings.

[0044] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0045] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of dynamic correction stretching;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an excision line;

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a CMP stacked section obtained by the real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of a real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5The block diagram of a device for real-time CMP stacking of towed cable data is provided for the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0051] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "far", "near", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0054] The inventor of the present invention has found that using traditional methods, it is impossible to automatically cut off the waveforms with severe stretching distortion, which will generate interactive definition of the cut-off line operation, does not meet the requirements of towed cable production quality control, and the calculation method of traditional CMP bin numbers is too complex to realize the real-time display of the CMP stacking profile, which is not conducive to the real-time quality control of the efficient and continuous operation of the towed cable.

[0055] In view of the problems existing in these prior arts, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for real-time CMP stacking of towed cable data.

[0056] To better understand a method for real-time CMP stacking of towed cable data provided by the embodiments of the present invention, first, the meaning of the common middle point (CMP) gather is described:

[0057] The CMP gather refers to extracting the traces with a common midpoint from different shot gathers to form a new set.

[0058] The following will combine with the attached drawings to provide a detailed description of a real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data provided by an embodiment of the present invention:

[0059] Refer to the attached Figure 4 As shown, a real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0060] S1. Obtain a set of first time-velocity pair data from the velocity spectrum, such as (t1, v1), (t2, v2), (t3, v3) …… (t n , v n ), where n is the number of velocity points. According to the first time-velocity pair data, interpolate the velocity values at each time point to generate a set of second time-velocity pair data;

[0061] Interpolation means that according to the function values of the unknown function f(x) at several points within a certain interval, a specific function whose function values at these several points are equal to those of f(x) is made to approximate the original function f(x), and then the approximate values of the original function f(x) at other points within this interval can be calculated using this specific function.

[0062] S2. For each towed cable, for the gather data of each shot point; for each sample point data of each trace in the gather data, each sample point data is successively corresponded to the second time-velocity pair; according to the second time-velocity pair, use the stretching rate formula to calculate the distortion coefficient θ corresponding to each sample point;

[0063] Each towed cable operates independently. There are many traces on one towed cable. Each point in the seismic data (waveform) is called a sample point, and the time interval is called the sampling interval, and the sampling intervals are all the same. The seismic trace only records the amplitude value of each sample point and does not record the time. According to the sampling interval of the sample point, the time of each sample point is obtained and corresponded to the time-velocity in the above second set of time-velocity pair data.

[0064] S3. For each shot point, assign values to the data of each sample point in all traces in the following way: if the θ corresponding to the sample point is greater than the preset threshold value, then set the amplitude value of the sample point to zero and continue to the next sample point; if θ is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, then the amplitude value of the sample point remains unchanged, end the processing of the current trace, and jump to the next trace for processing until all traces of all shot points are processed completely;

[0065] For example, for a shot point, the shot-receiver offsets of each trace are known. For this shot point, the first sample point of the first trace in the gather data calculates the distortion coefficient θ through the stretching rate calculation formula. If θ is greater than the preset threshold value, the amplitude value of this sample point is set to zero and does not participate in the subsequent stacking calculation. Then move on to the next sample point and calculate the distortion coefficient of the corresponding sample point using the same stretching rate formula. When θ is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, the amplitude value of this sample point remains unchanged, participates in the subsequent stacking calculation, and directly jumps to the next trace. Repeat using the stretching rate formula to calculate the distortion coefficient. After completing the calculation of the distortion coefficients of all sample points under the same shot point, use the same method to repeat the operation for other shot points until all traces and all shots are processed.

[0066] S4. Perform dynamic correction on the data of the sample points with non-zero amplitude values in each trace after the assignment process.

[0067] In the prior art, dynamic correction is an important step in data processing in seismic exploration. Its function is to compensate for seismic record data, eliminate the influence of the change in shot-receiver offset during the propagation of seismic waves on the data, eliminate the time delay caused by non-zero shot-receiver offset, and ensure the in-phase stacking of seismic traces. Therefore, after dynamic correction of seismic data, CMP stacking operation is carried out.

[0068] S5. For each shot point, calculate the CMP number corresponding to all traces corresponding to the shot point.

[0069] For the same shot point, the CMP numbers on different traces of the same shot point are not the same. However, for different traces of different shot points, the CMP numbers may be the same.

[0070] S6. Stack the amplitude value data of the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point after dynamic correction onto this CMP number, and record the stacking times m on this CMP number. k ;

[0071] S7. Divide the data obtained after stacking of each trace by the stacking times m. k , to obtain the final stacked section data.

[0072] According to the above steps S1 - S7, the following provides a specific embodiment to explain and analyze the above real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data. Taking the seismic exploration data of shot gathers in a certain area as an example, the implementation process of the present invention is described:

[0073] 1) A set of time-velocity pairs are obtained from the velocity spectrum of this work area. The time-velocity pairs are respectively (26, 2922), (151, 3376), (376, 3490), (737, 3490), (1092, 3473), (1481, 3473), (1702, 3617), (1997, 3757), (2252, 3930), (2516, 4053), (2897, 4238), (3300, 4491);

[0074] 2) Interpolate the obtained velocity spectrum points with a time interval of 1 ms to obtain the velocity corresponding to each millisecond. The time range is 0 - 3300 ms, (0, 2828), (1, 2832), (2, 2835), (3, 2839), ……(2252, 3930), ……(2897, 4238), ……(3299, 4490), (3300, 4491);

[0075] 3) Select a cable with a nearest lateral distance of 200 m and a longitudinal distance of 475 m. The 640 shot-receiver offsets are respectively (515.4, 521.4, 527.8, 534.5,......9796.5);

[0076] 4) Given a stretching distortion coefficient of 12.5%, calculated by the distortion coefficient θ calculation formula, the distortion coefficient is 0.511 at 150 ms, which is greater than 12.5%, and the seismic data amplitude value is filled with zero. The distortion coefficient is 0.128 at 300 ms, which is greater than 12.5%, and the seismic data amplitude value is filled with zero. The distortion coefficient is 0.124 at time 304 ms, which is less than 12.5%, and the seismic data amplitude value remains unchanged and is retained for the next calculation. Repeat the above steps until all traces are processed;

[0077] The above steps are the processing process for one shot point. The processing processes for other shot points are similar and will not be elaborated here.

[0078] 5) The trace interval is 15 m, the bin length is 7.5 m, the maximum longitudinal shot-receiver offset is 9785 m, the longitudinal shot-receiver offset of the first trace is 200 m, and the shot number of the first shot is 1000. Calculated by the CMP number calculation formula, the bin number is 1038;

[0079] 6) Stack the NMO-corrected data of this trace to the position of 1038, and the count at the 1038 position is incremented by 1;

[0080] 7) Continue with the processing of the second trace, repeat steps 4) - 6), until all traces and all shots repeat the above steps to obtain the CMP stack result. The stack result of each trace is divided by the corresponding stack number m k , to obtain the final stacked section, as Figure 3As shown

[0081] If there are other CMP numbers the same as this, continue to stack in a similar way as in 6), the count continues to increase, and m is obtained k .

[0082] The above CMP stacking method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can realize automatic excision of stretching distortion with parameter control by deriving the stretching rate formula and setting the effective range of the stretching rate, avoiding the operation of interactively defining the excision line, and at the same time simplifying the complex method of coordinate calculation CMP, realizing real-time CMP stacking, without the need to perform the low-efficiency process of extracting common CMP gathers from shot gather data, ensuring the effect of real-time quality control of the streamer

[0083] In one embodiment, according to the second time velocity pair, the distortion coefficient θ corresponding to each sample point is calculated using the stretching rate formula. Specifically, the corresponding distortion coefficient θ can be calculated through the following stretching rate formula

[0084]

[0085] Among them, θ is the distortion coefficient, x is the offset, t0 is the time in the second time velocity pair, and v is the velocity value corresponding to t0 in the second time velocity pair

[0086] In one embodiment, the CMP number can be specifically calculated through the following formula

[0087]

[0088] Among them, N bin is the CMP number, SP i is the shot number of the current shot, SP0 is the shot number of the first shot, SI is the shot point spacing, x Lmax is the maximum offset in the longitudinal direction, x Lj is the longitudinal offset of the current trace, B L is the bin length

[0089] According to the above CPM number calculation formula, it can be seen that this formula uses the shot number for calculation, discarding complex coordinate operations, meeting the requirements of real-time and efficient quality control of the streamer

[0090] In order to improve the accuracy of the CMP section, in one embodiment, after the step of performing dynamic correction on the data of the sample points with non-zero amplitude values in each trace after the assignment process, and before the step of stacking the amplitude value data of the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point after the dynamic correction process to the CMP number, the following steps can also be performed

[0091] For the sample points with null amplitude values after NMO correction, the values obtained by linearly interpolating the amplitude values of the sample points before and after them with non-null amplitude values are used as the updated amplitude values of the sample points.

[0092] Based on the above real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for real-time quality control of continuous streamer operation, including:

[0093] Using the stacked section data to perform real-time quality control on continuous streamer operation;

[0094] The stacked section data is obtained by the real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data.

[0095] Based on the above real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for real-time CMP stacking of streamer data. Referring to Figure 5 as shown, it includes:

[0096] The velocity pair data calculation module 31 is used to obtain a set of first-time velocity pair data from the velocity spectrum and interpolate to generate a set of second-time velocity pair data according to the first-time velocity pair data;

[0097] The distortion coefficient calculation module 32 is used to, for each streamer, for the gather data of each shot point; for each sample point data of each trace in the gather data, each sample point data corresponds to the second-time velocity pair in sequence, and according to the second-time velocity pair, calculate the corresponding distortion coefficient θ of each sample point using the stretching rate formula;

[0098] The assignment processing module 33 is used to, for each shot point, assign and process the data of each sample point in all traces in the following manner: if the θ corresponding to the sample point is greater than the preset threshold value, then set the amplitude value of the sample point to zero and continue to the next sample point; if θ is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, then the amplitude value of the sample point remains unchanged, end the processing of the current trace, jump to the next trace for processing until all traces of all shot points are processed completely;

[0099] The NMO correction module 34 is used to perform NMO correction on the data of the sample points with non-zero amplitude values in each trace after the assignment processing;

[0100] The stacking module 35 is used to, for each shot point, calculate the CMP number corresponding to all traces corresponding to the shot point; stack the amplitude value data of the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point after the NMO correction process onto this CMP number, and record the stacking times m k ; divide the data obtained after stacking by the stacking times m k , to obtain the final stacked section data.

[0101] In one embodiment, after the step of performing dynamic correction on the data of the sample points with non-zero amplitude values in each trace after the assignment process, and before the step of stacking the amplitude value data of the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point onto the CMP number after the dynamic correction process, for the sample points with null amplitude values after the dynamic correction, the value obtained by linearly interpolating the amplitude values of the sample points before and after them with non-null amplitude values is used as the updated amplitude value of the sample point.

[0102] Based on the above method for real-time quality control of continuous streamer operation, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for real-time quality control of continuous streamer operation, including:

[0103] A quality control module, configured to perform real-time quality control on the continuous streamer operation by using the stacked section data;

[0104] The stacked section data is obtained by the real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data.

[0105] Based on the above real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data and the method for real-time quality control of continuous streamer operation, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the method for the real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data or the method for the real-time quality control of continuous streamer operation is implemented.

[0106] Based on the above real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data and the method for real-time quality control of continuous streamer operation, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computing device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the method for the real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data or the method for the real-time quality control of continuous streamer operation is implemented.

[0107] The above CMP stacking method and related devices provided by the embodiments of the present invention, through the derived stretching rate formula and setting the effective range of the stretching rate, realize the automatic excision of stretching distortion for parameter control, avoid the operation of interactively defining the excision line, and at the same time simplify the complex method of coordinate calculation for CMP, realize the real-time stacking of CMP, and ensure the effect of real-time quality control of the streamer.

[0108] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data, characterized in that, Including: Obtaining a set of first time-velocity pair data from a velocity spectrum, and interpolating to generate a set of second time-velocity pair data according to the first time-velocity pair data; For each streamer, for the gather data of each shot point; for each sample point data of each trace in the gather data, the sample point data corresponds to the second time-velocity pair in sequence; according to the second time-velocity pair, calculating the distortion coefficient θ corresponding to each sample point by using a stretching rate formula; For each shot point, sequentially assigning and processing the data of each sample point in all traces in the following manner: if the θ corresponding to the sample point is greater than a preset threshold value, then set the amplitude value of the sample point to zero and continue to the next sample point; if θ is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, then the amplitude value of the sample point remains unchanged, end the processing of the current trace, jump to the next trace for processing, until all traces of all shot points are processed completely; Performing NMO correction on the data of the sample points whose amplitude values are not set to zero in each trace after the assignment processing; For each shot point, calculating the CMP number corresponding to all traces corresponding to the shot point; After performing NMO correction on the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point, the amplitude value data are stacked onto that CMP number, and the stacking times m on that CMP number are recorded. k ; Divide the data obtained after stacking by the stacking times m k , to obtain the final stacked section data.

2. The real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculating the distortion coefficient θ corresponding to each sample point by using a stretching rate formula according to the second time-velocity pair, including: Calculating the corresponding distortion coefficient θ through the following stretching rate formula: Where θ is the distortion coefficient, x is the offset, t0 is the time in the second time-velocity pair, and v is the velocity value corresponding to t0 in the second time-velocity pair.

3. The real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data according to claim 1, wherein, Calculating the CMP number corresponding to all traces corresponding to the shot point, Calculating the CMP number through the following formula: Among them, N bin is the CMP number, SP i is the gun number of the current gun, SP0 is the gun number of the first gun, SI is the shotpoint distance, x Lmax is the maximum vertical shot-receiver distance, x Lj is the vertical shot-receiver distance of the current trace, B L is the bin length.

4. The real-time CMP stacking method for towing cable data according to claim 1, wherein, After the step of performing NMO correction on the data of the sample points whose amplitude values are not set to zero in each trace after the assignment processing, and before the step of stacking the amplitude value data of the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point after the NMO correction onto the CMP number, further including: For the sample points with null amplitude values after NMO correction, using the amplitude values of the sample points before and after it whose amplitude values are not null for linear interpolation to obtain a value as the updated amplitude value of the sample point.

5. A method for real-time quality control of continuous operation of a towed cable, characterized in that, Including: Using the stacked section data to perform real-time quality control on the continuous operation of the streamer; The stacked section data is obtained by the real-time CMP stacking method for streamer data according to any one of claims 1-4.

6. A device for real-time CMP stacking of towed cable data, characterized in that, Including: A velocity pair data calculation module, configured to obtain a set of first time-velocity pair data from a velocity spectrum, and interpolate to generate a set of second time-velocity pair data according to the first time-velocity pair data; A distortion coefficient calculation module, configured to, for each streamer, for the gather data of each shot point; for each sample point data of each trace in the gather data, the sample point data corresponds to the second time-velocity pair in sequence, and calculate the distortion coefficient θ corresponding to each sample point by using a stretching rate formula according to the second time-velocity pair; An assignment processing module, configured to, for each shot point, sequentially assign and process the data of each sample point in all traces in the following manner: if the θ corresponding to the sample point is greater than a preset threshold value, then set the amplitude value of the sample point to zero and continue to the next sample point; if θ is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, then the amplitude value of the sample point remains unchanged, end the processing of the current trace, jump to the next trace for processing, until all traces of all shot points are processed completely; The dynamic correction module is used to perform dynamic correction on the data of the samples with non-zero amplitude values in each trace after the assignment process; An overlay module, for each shot point, calculates the CMP numbers corresponding to all traces corresponding to the shot point; after performing NMO processing on the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point, the amplitude value data is overlaid on the CMP number, and the overlay count m on the CMP number is recorded. k ; Divide the data obtained after overlay by the overlay count m k , to obtain the final overlay section data.

7. The device for real-time CMP stacking of towed cable data according to claim 6, characterized in that The superposition module is further configured to, after the step of performing dynamic correction on the data of the samples with non-zero amplitude values in each trace after the assignment process, and before the step of superposing the amplitude value data of the traces with the same CMP number in each shot point onto the CMP number after the dynamic correction process, for the samples with null amplitude values after the dynamic correction, use the amplitude values of the samples with non-null amplitude values before and after them to perform linear interpolation to obtain a value, which is used as the updated amplitude value of the sample.

8. A device for real-time quality control of continuous operation of a towing cable, characterized in that, Comprising: The quality control module is used to perform real-time quality control on the continuous operation of the towed cable by using the stacked section data; The stacked section data is obtained by the real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data according to any one of claims 1-4.

9. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, A computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the method of the real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data according to any one of claims 1-4 is implemented, or the method of real-time quality control for the continuous operation of the towed cable according to claim 5 is implemented.

10. A computing device, characterized in that, Comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the program, the method of the real-time CMP stacking method for towed cable data according to any one of claims 1-4 is implemented, or the method of real-time quality control for the continuous operation of the towed cable according to claim 5 is implemented.

Images