Space geographic information service method and system based on GIS

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of spatial geographic service information, in particular to a spatial geographic information service method and system based on a GIS (Geographic Information System). Firstly, related data of a mountainous area is collected, and a corresponding geographic data set is established; and constructing a mountain area GIS model by using the data, randomly setting a starting point and a target point, and constructing a spatial search grid according to the spatial resolution. And obtaining an initial movable path by evaluating the traffic capacity of each grid unit. Then, calculating a connection passing value of the candidate path unit, selecting an initial moving unit, and determining a virtual space coordinate; in combination with meteorological prediction data, the influence of meteorological factors on the path is considered, the path planning is optimized by calculating the passability and the risk degree, and the optimized path is evaluated. And finally, through comprehensive scores of multiple cost functions, selecting the path with the highest score as the optimal movable path. The method can effectively improve the precision and safety of path planning in a mountainous complex environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spatial geographic service information technology, and particularly to a method and system for spatial geographic information service based on GIS. Background Art

[0002] As a typical complex geographical environment, mountainous areas have characteristics such as uneven terrain, large differences in slopes, complex climate conditions, and diverse vegetation cover. These geographical features make navigation in mountainous areas a highly challenging problem. Especially in the face of disaster events in mountainous areas, traditional navigation technologies seem inadequate. The spatial geographic information service based on Geographic Information System (GIS) technology provides a new direction for solving this problem. GIS collects, manages, analyzes, and visualizes geographical data, thus providing infrastructure for the navigation system.

[0003] In a mountainous environment, navigation not only needs to focus on the accuracy of geographical spatial information but also needs to solve how to update and process complex environmental data in real time, such as terrain changes, weather conditions, and traffic obstacles. With the help of GIS technology, accurate calibration of dangerous areas and risk prediction can be achieved, and combined with advanced positioning technologies (such as GNSS, lidar, drones, etc.), more accurate and reliable navigation services can be provided for users. However, navigation in complex mountainous scenarios still faces numerous technical challenges, especially in terms of real-time performance, accuracy, and adaptability.

[0004] However, in complex mountain terrains, traditional path planning algorithms often cannot fully consider the height difference, slope of the terrain, and possible obstacles (such as rocks, trees, etc.). When existing GIS navigation systems perform path planning, although they can provide the theoretically shortest path, they ignore real factors such as road traffic capacity and terrain obstacles, which may lead to impassable paths in actual navigation. In addition, in the face of complex weather and disaster environments (such as heavy rain, avalanches, etc.), the adaptability of existing navigation systems to these dynamic changes is poor, and they cannot provide the safest path in real time.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention proposes a method and system for spatial geographic information service based on GIS. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for spatial geographic information service based on GIS; the present invention describes a method for optimizing mountain paths based on a mountain GIS model. First, by collecting information such as environmental data, terrain data, and seasonal changes, a geographic data set is established and a mountain GIS model is constructed. Then, starting points and target points are set in the model, spatial grids are divided, and the passability of each grid cell is evaluated. By judging the connectivity between cells, movable paths are determined. Next, the paths are optimized using meteorological prediction data, the grid attributes are adjusted, the passability and risk are calculated, and the paths are replanned. Finally, by evaluating multiple scoring factors of the paths (such as passing cost, safety cost, time cost, etc.), the path with the highest score is selected as the optimal path. This method combines terrain, meteorology, and season factors to achieve dynamic optimization and efficient planning of mountain paths.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for spatial geographic information service based on GIS, comprising:

[0009] Collecting environmental data, terrain classification data, terrain data, and seasonal evolution data of the mountain area;

[0010] Further, according to the environmental data, the terrain classification data, the terrain data, the seasonal evolution data, and the coordinates of the collection points, a geographic data set is established;

[0011] Further, processing the data in the geographic data set and constructing a mountain GIS model;

[0012] Further, randomly setting starting points and target points in the mountain GIS model;

[0013] Further, constructing a spatial search grid according to the spatial resolution of the mountain GIS model;

[0014] Further, performing path search according to the spatial search grid to obtain multiple initial movable paths;

[0015] Wherein, the obtaining process of the initial movable path includes:

[0016] Dividing the spatial search grid into multiple spatial units; wherein, the spatial unit includes: grid resolution and grid attributes; the grid attributes include: altitude information, slope information, ground type information, and obstacle information;

[0017] Further, evaluating the passability of each spatial unit to obtain multiple pass evaluation values; wherein, the calculation formula of the pass evaluation value is:

[0018] PIi = ω1·log(R i + 1)+ ω2·A i + ω3·S i + ω4·G i + ω5·O i (s);

[0019] Wherein, PI i is the passage evaluation value of spatial unit i; R i is the grid resolution of spatial unit i; A i is the altitude information of spatial unit i; S i is the slope information of spatial unit i; G i is the ground type information of spatial unit i; O i (s) is the obstacle information of spatial unit i, and s is the seasonal variation factor; ω1 is the influence degree of grid resolution; ω2 is the influence degree of altitude; ω3 is the influence degree of slope; ω4 is the influence degree of ground type; ω5 is the influence degree of obstacle;

[0020] Furthermore, the spatial units with the passage evaluation value not greater than the passage threshold are excluded to obtain a plurality of candidate spatial units;

[0021] Furthermore, obtain the connectable markers of each of the candidate spatial units;

[0022] Wherein, the determination process of the connectable marker is:

[0023] Traverse the adjacent relationships between all the candidate spatial units;

[0024] When there is an adjacent relationship between two candidate spatial units, calculate the connection passage value of the two candidate spatial units; wherein, the calculation formula of the connection passage value is:

[0025]

[0026] Wherein, C (i,j) is the connection passage value between spatial unit i and spatial unit j; α1, β1, γ1 and δ1 are weight factors of different attributes for the connection passage value;

[0027] Obtain the connectable marker according to the adjacent relationship and the connection passage value; wherein, the connectable markers are represented by 0 and 1 respectively; 0 means non-connectable; 1 means connectable;

[0028] Furthermore, use the candidate spatial units with the connectable marker as the initial moving units;

[0029] Furthermore, obtain the virtual spatial coordinates of the initial moving units;

[0030] Further, multiple initial movable paths are obtained based on the starting point, the target point, and the virtual space coordinates.

[0031] Further, meteorological prediction is performed on the mountainous area to obtain predicted meteorological data;

[0032] Further, meteorological parameters of the mountainous area GIS model are set according to the predicted meteorological data;

[0033] Further, move from the starting point to the target point along the initial movable paths, and optimize the multiple initial movable paths according to the meteorological parameters during the movement to obtain multiple optimized movable paths;

[0034] Among them, the process of obtaining the optimized movable paths includes:

[0035] The meteorological parameters are divided into first meteorological data and second meteorological data; among them, the first meteorological data includes: meteorological type and meteorological severity; the second meteorological data is meteorological quantization data;

[0036] Further, obtain the grid attributes of each spatial unit on the initial movable path;

[0037] Further, apply the first meteorological data to the grid attributes to obtain adjusted grid attributes; the adjusted grid attributes are:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, A i ' is the adjusted altitude information of spatial unit i; S i ' is the adjusted slope information of spatial unit i; G i ' is the adjusted ground type information of spatial unit i; O i '(s) is the adjusted obstacle information of spatial unit i; α2 and α3 are coefficients for adjusting the slope according to the meteorological type and meteorological severity; β2 and β3 are adjustment coefficients for the influence of the meteorological type and meteorological severity on the ground type; γ2 and γ3 are adjustment coefficients for the influence of the meteorological type and meteorological severity on the obstacle information; f type is a related factor of the meteorological type; f severity is a related factor of the meteorological severity;

[0040] Further, calculate the passability and danger degree of the adjusted grid attributes according to the second meteorological data; among them, the passability and danger degree are calculated by a dual-output calculation model; among them, the function of the dual-output calculation model is expressed as:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, P i is the passability of spatial unit i; D i is the danger level of spatial unit i; F() is the function of the dual-output calculation model; is the data vector of the second meteorological data;

[0043] Furthermore, calculate the preference degree of the spatial unit according to the passability and the danger level;

[0044] Furthermore, re-plan the initial movable path according to the preference degree to obtain multiple optimized movable paths;

[0045] Furthermore, evaluate the optimized movable path to obtain multiple path scores; among them, the calculation formula of the path score is:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, PR is the path score; P is the spatio-temporal information of the optimized movable path area; H C () is the passing cost function; H S () is the safety cost function; H T () is the time cost function; H E () is the environmental impact cost function; μ1, μ2, μ3, and μ4 are the weights of each cost function; (x, y, z) are virtual space coordinates; t is the time variable;

[0048] Furthermore, select the optimized movable path with the highest score from multiple path scores as the optimal movable path.

[0049] A GIS-based spatial geographic information service system includes: a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, a modeling unit, a simulation unit, an initial path planning unit, a path optimization unit, a path evaluation unit, and an interaction unit;

[0050] Among them, the data acquisition unit is used to acquire terrain classification data, terrain data, and seasonal evolution data of the mountainous area;

[0051] The data processing unit is used to process the data acquired by the data acquisition unit;

[0052] The modeling unit is used to establish a mountainous area GIS model;

[0053] The simulation unit is used to simulate the path planning process in the mountainous area GIS model;

[0054] The initial path planning unit is used to plan an initial movable path in the mountainous area GIS model;

[0055] Among them, the initial path planning unit includes:

[0056] Construct a spatial search grid according to the spatial resolution of the mountainous area GIS model;

[0057] Furthermore, divide the spatial search grid into multiple spatial units; among them, the spatial unit includes: grid resolution and grid attributes; the grid attributes include: elevation information, slope information, ground type information, and obstacle information;

[0058] Furthermore, evaluate the trafficability of each of the spatial units to obtain multiple trafficability evaluation values; among them, the calculation formula of the trafficability evaluation value is:

[0059] PI i = ω1·log(R i + 1)+ ω2·A i + ω3·S i + ω4·G i + ω5·O i (s);

[0060] Among them, PI i is the trafficability evaluation value of spatial unit i; R i is the grid resolution of spatial unit i; A i is the elevation information of spatial unit i; S i is the slope information of spatial unit i; G i is the ground type information of spatial unit i; O i (s) is the obstacle information of spatial unit i, s is the seasonal variation factor; ω1 is the influence degree of grid resolution; ω2 is the influence degree of elevation; ω3 is the influence degree of slope; ω4 is the influence degree of ground type; ω5 is the influence degree of obstacle;

[0061] Furthermore, eliminate the spatial units whose trafficability evaluation values are not greater than the trafficability threshold to obtain multiple candidate spatial units;

[0062] Furthermore, obtain the connectable marks of each of the candidate spatial units;

[0063] Furthermore, use the candidate spatial units with the connectable marks as the initial moving units;

[0064] Furthermore, obtain the virtual spatial coordinates of the initial moving units;

[0065] Further, multiple initial movable paths are obtained according to the starting point, the target point, and the virtual space coordinates.

[0066] The path optimization unit is configured to optimize the initial movable paths;

[0067] Wherein, the path optimization unit includes:

[0068] The meteorological parameters are divided into first meteorological data and second meteorological data; wherein, the first meteorological data includes: meteorological type and meteorological severity; the second meteorological data is meteorological quantization data;

[0069] Further, the grid attribute of each spatial unit on the initial movable path is obtained;

[0070] Further, the first meteorological data is applied to the grid attribute to obtain an adjusted grid attribute; the adjusted grid attribute is:

[0071]

[0072] Wherein, A i ' is the adjusted elevation information of spatial unit i; S i ' is the adjusted slope information of spatial unit i; G i ' is the adjusted ground type information of spatial unit i; O i '(s) is the adjusted obstacle information of spatial unit i; α2 and α3 are coefficients for adjusting the slope according to the meteorological type and meteorological severity; β2 and β3 are adjustment coefficients for the influence of the meteorological type and meteorological severity on the ground type; γ2 and γ3 are adjustment coefficients for the influence of the meteorological type and meteorological severity on the obstacle information; f type is a related factor of the meteorological type; f severity is a related factor of the meteorological severity;

[0073] Further, the passability and risk degree of the adjusted grid attribute are calculated according to the second meteorological data; wherein, the passability and risk degree are calculated by a dual-output calculation model; wherein, the function of the dual-output calculation model is expressed as:

[0074]

[0075] Wherein, P i is the passability of spatial unit i; D i is the risk degree of spatial unit i; F() is the function of the dual-output calculation model; is the data vector of the second meteorological data;

[0076] Further, the preference degree of the spatial unit is calculated according to the passability and the risk degree;

[0077] Further, re-plan the initial movable path according to the preference degree to obtain the optimized movable path.

[0078] The path evaluation unit is used to evaluate the optimized movable path.

[0079] The interaction unit is used for the staff to interact with the mountainous area GIS model.

[0080] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0081] 1. By dividing the area into multiple spatial units and evaluating the passability of each unit, the passability is evaluated based on various factors such as grid resolution, altitude, slope, ground type, and obstacles. Then, according to these evaluation values, the spatial units that do not meet the passability conditions are eliminated, a series of candidate units are screened out, and the connectable markers between these units are further judged. Finally, the initial movable path is obtained; it can effectively identify and avoid steep terrains and obstacles, and ensure the feasibility and safety of the path through accurate spatial evaluation.

[0082] 2. Obtain the meteorological data of the mountainous area through the meteorological prediction model, and optimize the path in combination with the mountainous area GIS model. This process includes analyzing the meteorological parameters, adjusting the grid attributes (such as altitude, slope, ground type, obstacles, etc.) of each spatial unit on the path, and calculating the passability and risk degree according to the meteorological conditions. Finally, re-plan the initial path according to the preference degree to obtain multiple optimized feasible paths; by combining the meteorological conditions with the geographical information, this method can accurately evaluate and predict the safety of different paths, and avoid encountering extreme weather, dangerous terrains, or other unforeseen risks.

[0083] 3. The present invention proposes a path scoring method, which uses the integral method to calculate the score of the optimized movable path. In the calculation process, by comprehensively considering the passage cost function, safety cost function, time cost function, and environmental impact cost function, different paths are comprehensively evaluated. This method combines the spatial coordinates and time information of the optimized movable path area, and conducts a comprehensive analysis from a four-dimensional perspective, ensuring that the path selection not only considers traditional spatial factors but also can effectively incorporate time variables. This method is particularly suitable for complex mountainous area scenarios and can achieve accurate evaluation of safe paths. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0084] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a GIS-based spatial geographic information service method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] Figure 2The structural diagram of a spatial geographic information service system based on GIS provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the mountainous area GIS model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the spatial search grid provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the spatial unit screening provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the connectable candidate spatial units provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0090] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0091] As a unique geographical environment, the mountainous area contains natural elements such as vegetation, streams, rocks, cliffs, etc. These elements together constitute a complex and diverse ecological space. It is these geographical features that make navigation in the mountainous area a highly challenging task. Especially when dealing with mountainous disaster events, traditional navigation technologies are often inadequate.

[0092] The spatial geographic information service based on Geographic Information System (GIS) technology provides a new idea for solving this problem. GIS provides a solid foundation for the navigation system by collecting, managing, analyzing, and visualizing geographical data. When planning paths, although the existing GIS navigation systems can provide the theoretically shortest path, they often ignore real factors such as road traffic capacity and terrain obstacles, which may lead to the inaccessibility of the actual path.

[0093] Therefore, the present invention proposes a spatial geographic information service method and system based on GIS, aiming to plan accurate and safe navigation paths in the mountainous environment. To illustrate the effectiveness of the present invention, it will be elaborated in detail from the following two embodiments.

[0094] Embodiment 1:

[0095] In the embodiment of the present application, taking Mountain A as the actual application scenario, according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 the content shown, the implementation process of the present invention will be elaborated in detail. Among them,Figure 1 This is the flowchart of the method of the present invention. The specific method steps include: S10. Collect data for the mountainous area; S20. Establish a geographical dataset; S30. Construct a mountainous area GIS model; S40. Randomly set the starting point and the target point; S50. Construct a spatial search grid; S60. Plan multiple initial movable paths; S70. Add meteorological parameters; S80. Optimize the multiple initial movable paths to obtain multiple optimized movable paths; S90. Evaluate the multiple optimized movable paths and obtain the optimal movable path. Figure 2 This is the system structure diagram of the present invention, including: a data collection unit, a data processing unit, a modeling unit, a simulation unit, an initial path planning unit, a path optimization unit, a path evaluation unit, and an interaction unit.

[0096] According to the described method steps and system structure, the following explanations are made:

[0097] Use the data collection unit of the system to collect relevant data of Mountain A, including: environmental data, terrain classification data, terrain data, and seasonal evolution data, corresponding to step S10; among them, the data collection unit obtains data through devices such as remote sensing satellites, ground sensors, and unmanned aerial vehicles; the collected environmental data refers to data such as vegetation, rocks, and water flows at each collection point in Mountain A; the terrain classification data refers to the types of collection points, including: mountains, rivers, hills, cliffs, and woods, etc.; the terrain data includes: information such as height, slope, aspect, and altitude; the seasonal evolution history data refers to the records and analyses of seasonal changes in Mountain A over the years, usually involving the long-term change trends of meteorological data such as climate, temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and sunshine duration in the four seasons of this area.

[0098] Furthermore, establish a geographical dataset of Mountain A according to the environmental data, terrain classification data, terrain data, seasonal evolution data, and collection point coordinates, corresponding to step S20.

[0099] Furthermore, use the data processing unit of the system to process the data in the geographical dataset and construct a mountainous area GIS model through the modeling unit, corresponding to step S30;

[0100] Among them, the processing process of the data processing unit includes: cleaning the data to obtain the first data; converting the data format of the first data to obtain the second data; performing a spatial overlay analysis on the terrain classification data, the terrain data, and the seasonal space data in the second data to obtain the third data; virtually mapping the collection point coordinates and aligning them with the third data to obtain the standard data.

[0101] In the embodiment of the present application, the modeling unit is connected to the ArcGIS software through a connection port, allowing the modeling unit to call the modeling function of the ArcGIS software; and during the modeling process, not only spatial coordinates are involved, but also the time dimension is involved; refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 which is the mountainous area GIS model of Area A.

[0102] Further, a starting point and a target point are respectively set in the mountainous area GIS model, corresponding to step S40; among them, the starting point is used as the departure position, and the target point is used as the end position.

[0103] Further, a spatial search grid is constructed according to the spatial resolution of the mountainous area GIS model, corresponding to step S50; among them, the spatial search grid is composed of multiple spatial units. Each spatial unit includes a grid resolution and grid attributes (elevation information, slope information, ground type information, and obstacle information). The setting of the grid resolution is adjusted according to the spatial environment. For example, the grid resolutions of the spatial units in the forest area and the water flow area are different; refer to Figure 4 , in Figure 4 a schematic diagram of the spatial search grid is given; in Figure 4 the label "①" is the starting point, and the label "②" is the target point.

[0104] Further, multiple initial movable paths from the "starting point" to the "target point" are planned by using the initial path planning unit of the system, corresponding to step S60; among them, the specific planning process of the initial path planning unit includes:

[0105] Evaluate the passability of each spatial unit in Figure 4 . According to Figure 4 , it can be known that there are a total of 35 spatial units; therefore, 35 passability evaluation values are obtained; among them, the calculation formula of the passability evaluation value is:

[0106] PI i = ω1·log(R i + 1)+ ω2·A i + ω3·S i + ω4·G i + ω5·O i (s);

[0107] Among them, PI i is the passability evaluation value of spatial unit i; R i is the grid resolution of spatial unit i; A i is the elevation information of spatial unit i; S i is the slope information of spatial unit i; G i is the ground type information of spatial unit i; Oi (s) is the obstacle information of spatial unit i, s is the seasonal change factor; ω1 is the influence degree of grid resolution; ω2 is the influence degree of altitude; ω3 is the influence degree of slope; ω4 is the influence degree of ground type; ω5 is the influence degree of obstacles;

[0108] In the embodiments of the present application, the setting situations of each influence degree are shown in Table 1;

[0109] Table 1 Values of each influence degree

[0110] Influence degree parameter name Influence degree <![CDATA[Influence degree of grid resolution (ω1)]]> 0.05 <![CDATA[Degree of influence of altitude (ω2)]]> 0.28 <![CDATA[Degree of influence of slope (ω3)]]> 0.35 <![CDATA[Influence degree of ground type (ω4)]]> 0.17 <![CDATA[Influence degree of obstacle (ω5)]]> 0.15

[0111] Referring to Table 2, the passage evaluation values of the first 6 spatial units in the embodiments of the present application are given in Table 2;

[0112] Table 2 Passage evaluation values of the first 6 spatial units

[0113] Spatial unit number Traffic evaluation value Unit1 0.905 Unit2 0.249 Unit3 0.000 Unit4 0.523 Unit5 0.410 Unit6 0.638

[0114] Further, the spatial units with passage evaluation values not greater than the passage threshold are removed to obtain multiple candidate spatial units; among them, in this embodiment, considering that mountainous areas generally have complex terrain features, the passage threshold is set to 0.45; referring to Figure 5 , in Figure 5 multiple candidate spatial units are given.

[0115] Further, obtain the connectable marks of each candidate spatial unit; among them, the determination process of the connectable marks is as follows:

[0116] Traverse the adjacent relationships between all candidate spatial units; among them, in the embodiments of the present application, the adjacent relationship means that candidate spatial units have adjacent relationships in eight directions, namely: up, down, left, right, upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right;

[0117] When there is an adjacent relationship between two candidate spatial units, calculate the connection passage value of the two candidate spatial units; among them, the calculation formula of the connection passage value is:

[0118]

[0119] Among them, C (i,j) is the connection passage value between spatial unit i and spatial unit j; α1, β1, γ1, and δ1 are weight factors of different attributes for the connection passage value;

[0120] Such as Figure 5The candidate space unit 4 (starting point) has a "down" adjacent relationship and a "lower right" adjacent relationship with candidate space units 11 and 12 respectively; and for the convenience of calculating the connection passage value, the weight factors of different attributes for the connection passage value are set as follows: α1 = 0.35, β1 = 0.3, γ1 = 0.25, and δ1 = 0.1; therefore, the connection passage value is:

[0121]

[0122] According to the adjacent relationship and the connection passage value, connection marks are obtained; among them, the connection marks are represented by 0 and 1 respectively; 0 means non-connectable; 1 means connectable; as Figure 6 shown in the schematic diagram of the connectable candidate space unit is given;

[0123] Among them, through the above calculation, the connection passage value C (4,11) = 0.625 and C (4,12) = 0.747 both exceed the passage threshold of 0.45, and there is an adjacent relationship; therefore, Connetability(4, 11) = 1, Connetability(4, 12) = 1; Connetability() represents the connectable mark function.

[0124] In the process of planning the initial movable path, by calculating the connectable marks of the candidate space units, first traverse the adjacent relationships between all candidate space units, and for each pair of adjacent space units, calculate the connection passage value according to their attributes (such as altitude, slope, ground type, etc.). By considering the weight factors of different attributes, the system can assign a connection passage value to each pair of adjacent space units, and determine whether they are connectable according to this value (represented by 0 for non-connectable and 1 for connectable). This process helps to further screen out the space units that can be connected, so as to provide coherent and feasible path options for path planning.

[0125] Furthermore, the candidate space units with connectable marks are used as the initial moving units;

[0126] Furthermore, obtain the virtual space coordinates of the initial moving units;

[0127] Furthermore, according to the starting point, the target point, and the virtual space coordinates, multiple initial movable paths are obtained.

[0128] In the embodiment of the present application, an initial movable path is planned by using an initial path planning unit. In this process, according to various factors of spatial units, combined with the seasonal change factor and the influence degree of different attributes, the traffic capacity of each spatial unit is comprehensively evaluated. At the same time, by calculating the connection traffic value and the adjacent relationship, candidate units that can be connected are further screened to ensure the coherence and feasibility of the path. Finally, an initial movable path is generated, which can effectively avoid inappropriate route selection and improve the efficiency and accuracy of path planning. Such a method can adapt to the dynamic changes in a complex environment, provide more reliable support for a mobile or navigation system, and ensure the operability and safety of path planning in practical applications.

[0129] Further, meteorological parameters are added to the mountainous area GIS model according to the content of step S70; among them, the process of obtaining meteorological parameters includes:

[0130] The meteorological prediction model is used to predict the meteorology of Mountain A to obtain predicted meteorological data; among them, this meteorological prediction model is predicted through the historical meteorological data of Mountain A and in combination with the existing prediction model;

[0131] Further, the predicted meteorological data is imported into the GIS, and the meteorological parameters of the mountainous area GIS model are set;

[0132] Further, the simulation unit of the system is used for simulation, and in this process, the initial movable path is optimized by the path optimization unit, corresponding to step S80. The specific process includes:

[0133] Move from the starting point to the target point along the initial movable path;

[0134] Further, the meteorological parameters are divided into first meteorological data and second meteorological data; among them, the first meteorological data includes: meteorological type and meteorological severity; the second meteorological data is meteorological quantization data; in the embodiment of the present application, according to the meteorological prediction result, the meteorological type of the mountainous area GIS model is: rainy day; the meteorological severity is: mild; the meteorological quantization data is: rainfall, temperature, wind speed, etc.;

[0135] Further, the grid attributes of each spatial unit on the initial movable path are obtained;

[0136] Further, the first meteorological data is applied to the grid attributes to obtain adjusted grid attributes; the adjusted grid attributes are:

[0137]

[0138] Among them, A i ' is the adjusted elevation information of spatial unit i; S i ' is the adjusted slope information of spatial unit i; G i'Ground type information adjusted for spatial unit i; O i '(s) is the obstacle information adjusted for spatial unit i; α2 and α3 are the coefficients for adjusting the slope according to the meteorological type and meteorological severity respectively; β2 and β3 are the adjustment coefficients for the influence of the meteorological type and meteorological severity on the ground type respectively; γ2 and γ3 are the adjustment coefficients for the influence of the meteorological type and meteorological severity on the obstacle information; f type is a related factor of the meteorological type; f severity is a related factor of the meteorological severity;

[0139] Furthermore, calculate the passability and risk of the adjusted grid attributes according to the second meteorological data; among them, the passability and risk are calculated by a dual-output calculation model; among them, the function of the dual-output calculation model is expressed as:

[0140]

[0141] Among them, P i is the passability of spatial unit i; D i is the risk of spatial unit i; F() is the function of the dual-output calculation model; is the data vector of the second meteorological data;

[0142] Furthermore, calculate the preference degree of the spatial unit according to the passability and risk;

[0143] Among them, the calculation formula of the preference degree is: OS i =ρ1·P i -ρ2·D i ; among them, OS i is the preference degree of spatial unit i; ρ1 is the weight factor of the passability; ρ2 is the weight factor of the risk;

[0144] As shown in Table 3, Figure 6 the calculation results of the preference degrees of the candidate spatial units in are:

[0145] 3. Calculation of the preference degrees of the candidate spatial units

[0146] Candidate spatial unit number Preference degree Unit4 0.5 Unit6 0.3 Unit11 0.1 Unit12 0.3 Unit14 0.5 Unit19 0.2 Unit21 0.7 Unit25 0.3 Unit26 0.3 Unit27 0.7 Unit33 0.6 Unit35 -0.1

[0147] Furthermore, re-plan the initial movable path according to the preference degree to obtain multiple optimized movable paths;

[0148] In the embodiment of the present application, the path optimization unit is used to optimize the initial movable path. Specifically, first, the grid attributes of each spatial unit are obtained, and the grid attributes are adjusted in combination with the first meteorological data (meteorological type and meteorological severity) to obtain the adjusted grid attributes. These adjustments include updates of altitude, slope, ground type, and obstacle information. Subsequently, based on the second meteorological data (such as rainfall, temperature, wind speed, etc.), the passability and risk of each spatial unit are calculated through a dual-output calculation model, and the preference degree of the spatial unit is further calculated according to these indicators. Finally, the initial path is re-planned according to the preference degree to generate multiple optimized movable paths to ensure the passability, safety, and efficiency of the path. This path optimization method fully considers the impact of real-time meteorological conditions on terrain and road conditions, and effectively adjusts the attributes of spatial units in the path planning process. By accurately calculating the passability and risk of each spatial unit, the safest and most suitable path can be selected under adverse meteorological conditions, avoiding unstable or dangerous areas.

[0149] Further, the path evaluation unit of the system is used to evaluate multiple optimized movable paths to obtain a path score, corresponding to step S90; wherein, the calculation formula of the path score is:

[0150]

[0151] wherein, PR is the path score; P is the spatio-temporal information of the optimized movable path area; H C () is the passing cost function; H S () is the safety cost function; H T () is the time cost function; H E () is the environmental impact cost function; μ1, μ2, μ3, and μ4 are the weights of each cost function; (x, y, z) are virtual space coordinates; t is the time variable;

[0152] Further, from multiple path scores, the optimized movable path with the highest score is selected as the optimal movable path.

[0153] Wherein, the system further includes an interaction module for staff to interact with the mountainous area GIS model;

[0154] In the embodiments of the present application, path planning for Area A mountainous region is achieved through the method and system of the present invention. In this process, environmental data, terrain classification data, terrain data, and seasonal evolution data of the mountainous region are first collected, and a geographical dataset is established based on these data and the collection point coordinates. Then, a mountainous region GIS model of the mountainous region is constructed, and a spatial search grid is constructed through the spatial resolution in the model for preliminary path search to obtain multiple initial movable paths. Subsequently, in combination with the meteorological prediction model, meteorological prediction data of the mountainous region is obtained and imported into the mountainous region GIS model to adjust meteorological parameters and optimize the initial paths. Through path evaluation, the optimized paths are scored based on multiple cost functions (including passage cost, safety cost, time cost, environmental impact cost, etc.), and finally the path with the highest score is selected as the optimal movable path for planning. This path planning method not only considers terrain, environment, and seasonal factors, but also effectively integrates real-time meteorological prediction data, can dynamically adjust the path to cope with weather changes, and improves the safety and adaptability of path selection. Through the comprehensive evaluation of multiple cost functions, the system can ensure that the safest and most feasible optimal path is selected while considering passability, time efficiency, and environmental impact.

[0155] Embodiment 2:

[0156] In Embodiment 1, a mountainous region GIS model was established with Area A mountainous region as the research object, and the starting point and the target point were randomly set, and the method of the present invention was used for path search and planning. To further illustrate the utility of the present invention, the embodiments of the present application take Area B mountainous region as an example for illustration, and the specific process includes:

[0157] Collect environmental data, terrain classification data, terrain data, and seasonal evolution data of Area B mountainous region;

[0158] Furthermore, process the data in the geographical dataset and construct a mountainous region GIS model of Area B mountainous region;

[0159] Furthermore, construct a spatial search grid according to the spatial resolution of the mountainous region GIS model;

[0160] Furthermore, perform path search according to the spatial search grid to obtain multiple initial movable paths;

[0161] Furthermore, use the meteorological prediction model to perform meteorological prediction on Area B mountainous region to obtain predicted meteorological data;

[0162] Furthermore, move from the starting point to the target point along the initial movable paths, and optimize the multiple initial movable paths according to the meteorological parameters during the movement to obtain multiple optimized movable paths;

[0163] Among them, the process of obtaining the optimized movable paths includes:

[0164] Divide the meteorological parameters into first meteorological data and second meteorological data; among them, the first meteorological data includes: meteorological type and meteorological severity; the second meteorological data is meteorological quantization data;

[0165] Furthermore, obtain the grid attributes of each spatial unit on the initial movable path;

[0166] Furthermore, apply the first meteorological data to the grid attributes to obtain adjusted grid attributes; the adjusted grid attributes are:

[0167]

[0168] where A i ' is the adjusted elevation information of spatial unit i; S i ' is the adjusted slope information of spatial unit i; G i ' is the adjusted ground type information of spatial unit i; O i '(s) is the adjusted obstacle information of spatial unit i; α2 and α3 are respectively the coefficients for adjusting the slope according to the meteorological type and meteorological severity; β2 and β3 are respectively the adjusted coefficients for the influence of the meteorological type and meteorological severity on the ground type; γ2 and γ3 are respectively the adjusted coefficients for the influence of the meteorological type and meteorological severity on the obstacle information; f type is the related factor of the meteorological type; f severity is the related factor of the meteorological severity;

[0169] Furthermore, calculate the passability and risk of the adjusted grid attributes according to the second meteorological data; among them, the function of the dual-output calculation model is expressed as:

[0170]

[0171] where P i is the passability of spatial unit i; D i is the risk of spatial unit i; F() is the function of the dual-output calculation model; is the data vector of the second meteorological data;

[0172] Furthermore, calculate the preference degree of the spatial unit according to the passability and risk;

[0173] Furthermore, re-plan the initial movable path according to the preference degree to obtain multiple optimized movable paths;

[0174] Furthermore, evaluate the multiple optimized movable paths to obtain multiple path scores; among them, the calculation formula of the path score is:

[0175]

[0176] Among them, PR is the path score; P is the spatio-temporal information of the optimized movable path area; H C () is the passage cost function; H S () is the safety cost function; H T () is the time cost function; H E () is the environmental impact cost function; μ1, μ2, μ3, and μ4 are the weights of each cost function; (x, y, z) are the virtual space coordinates; t is the time variable;

[0177] Furthermore, from multiple path scores, the optimized movable path with the highest score is selected as the optimal movable path.

[0178] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A spatial geographic information service method based on GIS, characterized in that: include: Collect environmental data, terrain classification data, topographic data and seasonal evolution data in mountainous areas; Establishing a geographic data set based on the environmental data, the terrain classification data, the terrain data, the seasonal evolution data, and the collection point coordinates; Processing the data in the geographic data set and constructing a mountain GIS model; Randomly set the starting point and the target point in the mountainous area GIS model; Constructing a spatial search grid according to the spatial resolution of the mountain GIS model; Performing a path search according to the spatial search grid to obtain a plurality of initial movable paths; Conducting meteorological forecasting on the mountainous area to obtain forecast meteorological data; Setting meteorological parameters of the mountain GIS model according to the predicted meteorological data; Moving from the starting point to the target point along the initial movable path, optimizing the multiple initial movable paths according to the meteorological parameters during the movement to obtain multiple optimized movable paths; evaluating the optimized movable paths to obtain a plurality of path scores; The calculation formula of the path score is: Among them, PR is the path score; P is the spatiotemporal information of the optimized movable path area; H C () is the travel cost function; H S () is the safety cost function; H T () is the time cost function; H E () is the environmental impact cost function; μ1, μ2, μ3 and μ4 are the weights of each cost function; (x, y, z) are virtual space coordinates; t is the time variable; From the plurality of path scores, the optimized movable path with the highest score is selected as the optimal movable path.

2. A spatial geographic information service method based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the initial movable path includes: Divide the spatial search grid into a plurality of spatial units; wherein the spatial units include: grid resolution and grid attributes; the grid attributes include: altitude information, slope information, ground type information and obstacle information; The traffic capacity of each of the spatial units is evaluated to obtain a plurality of traffic evaluation values; wherein the calculation formula of the traffic evaluation value is: PI i =ω1·log(R i +1)+ω2·A i +ω3·S i +ω4·G i +ω5·O i (s); Among them, PI i is the traffic assessment value of space unit i; R i is the grid resolution of spatial unit i; A i is the altitude information of spatial unit i; S i is the slope information of spatial unit i; G i is the ground type information of space unit i; i (s) is the obstacle information of spatial unit i, s is the seasonal variation factor; ω1 is the influence of grid resolution; ω2 is the influence of altitude; ω3 is the influence of slope; ω4 is the influence of ground type; ω5 is the influence of obstacles; Eliminate the spatial units whose traffic evaluation values ​​are not greater than the traffic threshold to obtain multiple candidate spatial units; Obtaining a connectable marker for each of the candidate spatial units; Taking the candidate spatial unit having the connectable mark as an initial mobile unit; Acquiring the virtual space coordinates of the initial moving unit; A plurality of initial movable paths are obtained according to the starting point, the target point and the virtual space coordinates.

3. A spatial geographic information service method based on GIS according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determination process of the connectable tag is as follows: Traversing the adjacent relationships between all the candidate spatial units; When there is an adjacent relationship between two candidate space units, the connection pass value of the two candidate space units is calculated; wherein the calculation formula of the connection pass value is: Among them, C (i,j) is the connection pass value between space unit i and space unit j; α1, β1, γ1 and δ1 are the weight factors of different attributes on the connection pass value; The connectable flag is obtained according to the neighbor relationship and the connection pass value; wherein the connectable flag is represented by 0 and 1 respectively.

4. The spatial geographic information service method based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the optimized movable path includes: The meteorological parameters are divided into first meteorological data and second meteorological data; wherein the first meteorological data includes: meteorological type and meteorological severity; and the second meteorological data is meteorological quantitative data; Obtaining grid properties of each spatial unit on the initial movable path; The first meteorological data is applied to the grid attributes to obtain adjusted grid attributes; the adjusted grid attributes are: Among them, A i ' is the adjusted altitude information of spatial unit i; S i ' is the slope information after adjustment of spatial unit i; G i ' is the ground type information after adjustment of spatial unit i; i '(s) are the obstacle information adjusted for spatial unit i; α2 and α3 are the coefficients for adjusting the slope according to meteorological type and meteorological severity; β2 and β3 are the adjustment coefficients for the impact of meteorological type and meteorological severity on ground type; γ2 and γ3 are the adjustment coefficients for obstacle information according to meteorological type and meteorological severity; f type is the correlation factor of meteorological type; f severity is the correlation factor of meteorological severity; The passability and the danger level of the adjusted grid attribute are calculated according to the second meteorological data; wherein the passability and the danger level are calculated using a dual-output calculation model; wherein the function of the dual-output calculation model is expressed as: Among them, P i is the accessibility of space unit i; D i is the danger level of spatial unit i; F() is the function of the dual-output calculation model; is the data vector of the second meteorological data; Calculating the preference of the spatial unit according to the passability and the danger level; The initial movable path is replanned according to the preference degree to obtain a plurality of the optimized movable paths.

5. A spatial geographic information service system based on GIS, characterized in that: The system includes: a data collection unit, which is used to collect terrain classification data, terrain data and seasonal evolution data of mountainous areas; a data processing unit, which is used to process the data obtained by the data collection unit; a modeling unit, which is used to establish a mountainous area GIS model; a simulation unit, which is used to simulate the path planning process in the mountainous area GIS model; an initial path planning unit, which is used to plan an initial movable path in the mountainous area GIS model; a path optimization unit, which is used to optimize the initial movable path; a path evaluation unit, which is used to evaluate the optimized movable path; and an interaction unit, which is used for staff to interact with the mountainous area GIS model.

6. A GIS-based spatial geographic information service system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The initial path planning unit comprises: Constructing a spatial search grid according to the spatial resolution of the mountain GIS model; Divide the spatial search grid into a plurality of spatial units; wherein the spatial units include: grid resolution and grid attributes; the grid attributes include: altitude information, slope information, ground type information and obstacle information; The traffic capacity of each of the spatial units is evaluated to obtain a plurality of traffic evaluation values; wherein the calculation formula of the traffic evaluation value is: PI i =ω1·log(R i +1)+ω2·A i +ω3·S i +ω4·G i +ω5·O i (s); Among them, PI i is the traffic assessment value of space unit i; R i is the grid resolution of spatial unit i; A i is the altitude information of spatial unit i; S i is the slope information of spatial unit i; G i is the ground type information of space unit i; i (s) is the obstacle information of spatial unit i, s is the seasonal variation factor; ω1 is the influence of grid resolution; ω2 is the influence of altitude; ω3 is the influence of slope; ω4 is the influence of ground type; ω5 is the influence of obstacles; Eliminate the spatial units whose traffic evaluation values ​​are not greater than the traffic threshold to obtain multiple candidate spatial units; Obtaining a connectable marker for each of the candidate spatial units; Taking the candidate spatial unit having the connectable mark as an initial mobile unit; Acquiring virtual space coordinates of the initial mobile unit; According to the starting point, the target point and the virtual space coordinates, a plurality of initial movable paths are obtained.

7. A GIS-based spatial geographic information service system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The path optimization unit comprises: The meteorological parameters are divided into first meteorological data and second meteorological data; wherein the first meteorological data includes: meteorological type and meteorological severity; and the second meteorological data is meteorological quantitative data; Obtaining grid properties of each spatial unit on the initial movable path; The first meteorological data is applied to the grid attributes to obtain adjusted grid attributes; the adjusted grid attributes are: Among them, A i ' is the adjusted altitude information of spatial unit i; S i ' is the slope information after adjustment of spatial unit i; G i ' is the ground type information after adjustment of spatial unit i; i '(s) is the obstacle information after adjustment of spatial unit i; α2 and α3 are the coefficients for adjusting the slope according to the meteorological type and meteorological severity; β2 and β3 are the adjustment coefficients for the influence of meteorological type and meteorological severity on the ground type; γ2 and γ3 are the adjustment coefficients for obstacle information according to meteorological type and meteorological severity; f type is the correlation factor of meteorological type; f severity is the correlation factor of meteorological severity; The passability and the danger level of the adjusted grid attribute are calculated according to the second meteorological data; wherein the passability and the danger level are calculated using a dual-output calculation model; wherein the function of the dual-output calculation model is expressed as: Among them, P i is the accessibility of space unit i; D i is the danger level of spatial unit i; F() is the function of the dual-output calculation model; is the data vector of the second meteorological data; Calculating the preference of the spatial unit according to the passability and the danger level; The initial movable path is replanned according to the preference degree to obtain an optimized movable path.

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