Atmosphere, chemistry and weather coupled rapid updating and circulating method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an atmosphere chemical weather coupling rapid updating circulation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting original ground aerosol observation data in a preset region, and carrying out the preprocessing of the ground aerosol observation data, the aerosol observation data being PM2.5 and PM10; preparing atmospheric chemical forecast data of a chemical weather mode, and performing atmospheric chemical background field preprocessing on the forecast data to obtain a chemical background field based on a chemical weather coupling assimilation system; updating an atmospheric chemical initial field according to the analysis field; based on a CMA-MESO rapid updating circulation process, an atmosphere chemical weather coupled rapid updating circulation system is constructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of weather forecasting, and in particular to a rapid update cycle method and system for coupling atmospheric chemistry and weather. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the impact of atmospheric pollutants on the environment and health has become increasingly prominent. Accurate aerosol concentration forecasting has become an urgent need in meteorology and environmental science. Although traditional numerical weather forecasting systems can effectively assimilate meteorological elements such as temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind, they cannot integrate aerosol observation data and fail to solve the problem of constructing the chemical initial field. The atmospheric chemical analysis fields of existing international aerosol assimilation systems are out of touch with the requirements of China's atmospheric chemistry-weather coupling models, and the analysis variables do not match the model variables, resulting in the assimilation results being difficult to directly drive the forecasting model and introducing errors due to complex variable conversions. In addition, existing systems lack the integration of high-frequency data assimilation and model cycle updates, the coupling analysis frequency of chemical and meteorological elements is low, and the initial field update lags behind the rapid evolution of pollution sources. At the same time, the aerosol concentration is significantly affected by meteorological conditions, and existing systems lack the interaction between chemical and weather elements, resulting in simulation deviations in the pollutant transport and deposition processes.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to construct a new type of rapid update cycle system to break through the technical problems of chemical variable adaptation and high-frequency coupling optimization. The rapid update analysis and forecasting cycle system for coupling atmospheric chemistry and weather of the present invention can not only make full use of the assimilation system to absorb the information of high-frequency meteorological and aerosol observation data in space and time, but also improve the quality of the initial fields of aerosol concentration and weather elements through the interaction between atmospheric chemical variables and weather elements in the coupling system, and play an important role in the short-term and nowcasting effects of atmospheric pollutants and severe weather. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a rapid update cycle method and system for coupling atmospheric chemistry and weather.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented according to the following technical solutions: The present invention includes the following steps: S1. Collect the original ground aerosol observation data in a preset area and preprocess the aerosol observation data; obtain the aerosol observation data according to the principle readable by the assimilation system; the aerosol observation data is PM 2.5 and PM 10 ; S2. Construct a background field based on the atmospheric chemistry model prediction field of the chemical weather numerical model, preprocess the forecast data for the atmospheric chemistry background field, and obtain the chemical background field of the chemical weather coupled assimilation system; among them, the atmospheric chemistry aerosol analysis variables and model variables of the three-dimensional variational assimilation system for regional atmospheric chemistry coupling and the numerical prediction model are all black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, nitrate nt, and ammonium salt am; except for ammonium salt, other analysis variables are divided into 4 particle size segments, and other model variables are divided into 12 particle size segments; S3. Update the atmospheric chemistry initial field according to the atmospheric chemistry analysis field; update the atmospheric chemistry aerosol analysis field of 4 particle size segments output by the regional atmospheric chemistry weather coupled three-dimensional variational assimilation system to obtain the atmospheric chemistry initial field required by the atmospheric chemistry weather coupled numerical prediction model; S4. Based on the rapid update cycle process of CMA-MESO, construct a rapid update cycle system for atmospheric chemistry weather coupling.

[0006] Further, the method for obtaining the chemical background field based on the chemical weather coupled assimilation system includes: The aerosol mass concentration model variable of the chemical weather coupled numerical prediction model is in 12 particle size segments, while the aerosol mass concentration analysis variable of the chemical weather coupled assimilation system is in 4 particle size segments. Convert the atmospheric chemistry model variable into a background field of different particle sizes, and the expression is: Among them is the set of atmospheric chemistry aerosol variables. The particle size segment serial number of the model variable is i, the aerosol background field of the first particle size segment is , the aerosol background field of the second particle size segment is , the aerosol background field of the third particle size segment is , the aerosol background field of the fourth particle size segment is , the i-th aerosol model variable is , the aerosol model variables of 12 particle size segments include black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, nitrate nt, and the aerosol model variable also includes ammonium salt am that is not divided into particle size segments; Ammonium salt is not segmented, and the ammonium salt background field directly uses the ammonium salt model variable.

[0007] Further, the method for updating the atmospheric chemistry initial field includes: When the proportion of the mass concentration of different particle size segments in the analysis field to the total mass concentration is the same as that in the prediction field, except for the ammonium salt variable, the initial field of aerosol mode variables is redistributed according to the proportion in the chemical background field for 12 particle size segments; The initial fields of the first to seventh particle size segments are obtained by distributing the analysis field of the first particle size segment according to the proportion of the mode variables of the first to seventh particle size segments in the cumulative mode variables of the first seven particle size segments. The expression is: Where is the set of atmospheric chemical aerosol variables, namely black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, nitrate nt. The initial field of the i-th particle size segment is , the i-th aerosol mode variable is , the analysis field of the first particle size segment is , and the aerosol background field of the first particle size segment is ; The initial field of the eighth particle size segment is directly obtained from the analysis field of the second particle size segment. The expression is: Where the initial field of the eighth particle size segment is , and the analysis field of the second particle size segment is ; The initial fields of the ninth and tenth particle size segments are obtained by distributing the analysis field of the third particle size segment according to the proportion of the mode variables of the ninth and tenth particle size segments in the cumulative mode variables of the ninth and tenth particle size segments. The expression is: Where represents the initial field of the i-th particle size segment. The aerosol background field of the third particle size segment is , and the analysis field of the third particle size segment is ; The initial fields of the eleventh and twelfth particle size segments are obtained by distributing the analysis field of the fourth particle size segment according to the proportion of the mode variables of the eleventh and twelfth particle size segments in the cumulative mode variables of the eleventh and twelfth particle size segments respectively. The expression is: Where represents the initial field of the i-th particle size segment. The analysis field of the fourth particle size segment is , and the aerosol background field of the fourth particle size segment is ; Re - distribute the analysis fields of 4 particle size segments according to the proportion of each particle size segment of aerosols in the model prediction field to obtain the initial aerosol field of 12 particle size segments required for the coupled numerical prediction model of atmospheric chemistry and weather; since ammonium salts are not divided into particle size segments, the ammonium salt analysis field is directly assigned as the ammonium salt initial field.

[0008] Furthermore, the method for constructing the rapid cycling system of coupled atmospheric chemistry and weather includes: First, pre - process the aerosol observation data and the atmospheric chemistry background field to provide the atmospheric chemistry observation information and background field information for the assimilation system; After the coupled three - dimensional variational assimilation analysis, obtain the atmospheric chemistry analysis field. The atmospheric chemistry analysis field is updated through the atmospheric chemistry initial field. At the same time, the weather element analysis field introduces large - scale weather information through the mixed - scale analysis to obtain the mixed analysis, and the mixed analysis is provided to the cloud analysis system to update the analysis of water substance variables and update the lateral boundary; Drive the coupled numerical prediction model through the atmospheric chemistry initial field, the mixed analysis field, the water substance analysis field and the updated lateral boundary conditions to obtain the short - term and nowcasting fields of atmospheric chemistry and weather; Pre - process the atmospheric chemistry prediction field for the next moment, and based on the coupled three - dimensional variational assimilation system of the atmospheric chemistry background field, assimilate the atmospheric chemistry observation information and the weather element observation information, and perform continuous analysis and prediction cycles for updating to establish a rapid update system of coupled chemistry and weather.

[0009] In the second aspect, a rapid update cycling system for coupled atmospheric chemistry and weather includes: Observation acquisition and pre - processing module: used to collect the original ground aerosol observation data in a preset area, pre - process the aerosol observation data; obtain the aerosol observation data according to the readable principle of the assimilation system; the aerosol observation data are PM2.5 and PM10; Atmospheric chemistry background field module: used to construct a background field according to the atmospheric chemistry model prediction field of the chemical weather numerical model, pre - process the atmospheric chemistry prediction data to obtain the chemical background field based on the coupled chemical weather assimilation system; among them, the three - dimensional variational assimilation system of regional atmospheric chemistry coupling and the atmospheric chemistry aerosol analysis variables and model variables of the numerical prediction model are all black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, nitrate nt and ammonium salt am; except for ammonium salts, other analysis variables are divided into 4 particle size segments, and other model variables are divided into 12 particle size segments; Module for updating the atmospheric chemistry initial field: update the atmospheric chemistry initial field according to the atmospheric chemistry analysis field; System construction module: used to construct a rapid update cycling system for coupled atmospheric chemistry and weather based on the rapid update cycling process of CMA - MESO.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention is a rapid update cycle system for atmospheric chemistry - weather coupling. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: The present invention proposes a rapid update cycle for atmospheric chemistry - weather coupling. By cyclically and frequently absorbing aerosol observation and multi - source meteorological observation information, the quality of the background fields of aerosols and weather elements is improved during the cycle, significantly enhancing the quality of aerosol analysis, and thus significantly improving the forecasting accuracy of atmospheric pollutant concentrations and weather elements. By more effectively assimilating multi - source observation data through the rapid update cycle, the application effect of the observation data is improved. By generating a more accurate re - analysis historical data set of atmospheric chemical variables through the rapid update cycle, reliable data is provided for pollution source tracing and climate effect research. In summary, through the core technologies of atmospheric chemical variable adaptation and high - frequency cycling, the present invention significantly improves the forecasting accuracy of atmospheric pollutant concentrations and provides high - resolution data support for environmental decision - making and scientific research. Description of the Drawings

[0011] Figure 1 It is a structural flowchart of a rapid update cycle system for atmospheric chemistry - weather coupling of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the 3 - hour cycle and short - term nowcasting in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0012] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and explanations of this invention are used to explain the present invention, but do not limit the present invention.

[0013] A rapid update cycle system for atmospheric chemistry - weather coupling of the present invention includes the following steps: As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, it includes the following steps: S1. Collect the original ground aerosol observation data within a preset area and pre - process the aerosol observation data; obtain the aerosol observation data according to the principle readable by the assimilation system; the aerosol observation data is PM 2.5 and PM 10 ; S2. Construct a background field based on the atmospheric chemistry prediction field of the chemical weather numerical model, and perform preprocessing of the atmospheric chemistry background field on the atmospheric chemistry prediction data to obtain a chemical background field based on the chemical weather coupled assimilation system; where the three-dimensional variational assimilation system for regional atmospheric chemical weather coupling and the atmospheric chemistry aerosol analysis variables and model variables of the numerical prediction model are all black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, nitrate nt, and ammonium salt am; except for ammonium salt, other analysis variables are divided into 4 particle size segments, and other model variables are divided into 12 particle size segments; S3. Update the atmospheric chemistry initial field according to the atmospheric chemistry analysis field; perform update processing on the atmospheric chemistry aerosol analysis fields in 4 particle size segments output by the regional atmospheric chemical weather coupled three-dimensional variational assimilation system to obtain the atmospheric chemistry initial field required by the atmospheric chemical weather coupled numerical prediction model; S4. Based on the rapid update cycle process of CMA-MESO, construct a rapid update cycle system for atmospheric chemical weather coupling; In actual evaluation, preprocess the GTS transmission of conventional meteorological observations, radar observations, satellite observations, and ground aerosol observations; the preprocessing process includes quality control of observation data, sparsification of observation data, and providing meteorological observations and atmospheric chemistry observation information for the coupled assimilation system; Decode the prediction field of the global model to generate a global isobaric surface meteorological element field, and then generate the weather element background field required by the assimilation system at the cold start of the rapid update system and the side boundary required by the model prediction system through the standard initialization process; At the cold start of the rapid update system, convert the initial 12-particle size segment atmospheric chemistry model variables into a 4-particle size segment atmospheric chemistry background field; In the atmospheric chemical weather coupled three-dimensional variational assimilation system, fuse the atmospheric chemistry background field and ground aerosol observations, fuse the weather background field and multi-source meteorological observation information, and perform minimization iteration simultaneously to obtain the optimal atmospheric chemistry analysis field and weather element analysis field; Convert from the 4-particle size segment aerosol analysis field to the 12-particle size segment aerosol initial field required by the atmospheric chemical weather coupling model, and perform atmospheric chemistry initial field update. The particle size segment division of the 4-particle size segment atmospheric chemistry analysis field / background field and the 12-particle size segment atmospheric chemistry model field is shown in Table 1; Table 1 Particle size segment division of the model and assimilation system

[0014] After assimilation, perform mixed-scale analysis based on global large-scale information and regional meso-scale weather element information to obtain a mixed analysis field; Based on the mixed analysis field, obtain the water substance analysis field by cloud analysis; based on the mixed analysis field, update the side boundary conditions; Input the initial field of atmospheric chemistry, the hybrid analysis field of synoptic elements, the water substance analysis field, and the updated lateral boundary conditions, and use the numerical prediction model coupled with atmospheric chemistry and synoptic weather to perform model integration to obtain the short-term and nowcasting fields of atmospheric chemistry variables and synoptic elements; Use the short-term and nowcasting field of the regional numerical prediction model itself as the background field for the next analysis, and then start the warm start analysis and prediction cycle.

[0015] In this embodiment, the method for obtaining the chemical background field based on the chemical weather assimilation system includes: The aerosol mass concentration model variables of the chemical weather coupled numerical prediction model are in 12 particle size segments, while the aerosol mass concentration analysis variables of the chemical weather assimilation system are in 4 particle size segments. Convert the atmospheric chemistry model variables into background fields of different particle sizes. The expression is: Where is the set of atmospheric chemistry aerosol variables. The aerosol background field of the first particle size segment is , the aerosol background field of the second particle size segment is , the aerosol background field of the third particle size segment is , the aerosol background field of the fourth particle size segment is , the i-th aerosol model variable is , the aerosol model variables of 12 particle size segments include black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, nitrate nt, and the aerosol model variables also include ammonium salt am that is not divided by particle size segments; The ammonium salt is not segmented, and the ammonium salt background field directly uses the ammonium salt model variable.

[0016] In this embodiment, the method for updating the initial field of atmospheric chemistry includes: When the proportion of the mass concentration of different particle size segments in the analysis field to the total mass concentration is the same as that in the prediction field, except for the ammonium salt variable, reallocate according to the proportion of the initial field of the aerosol model variable in the chemical background field in 12 particle size segments; The initial fields of the first to seventh particle size segments are obtained by distributing the analysis field of the first particle size segment according to the proportion of the model variables of the first to seventh particle size segments in the cumulative model variables of the first to seventh particle size segments. The expression is: Where For the set of atmospheric chemistry aerosol variables, namely black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, and nitrate nt, the initial field of the i-th particle size range is , and the aerosol model variable for the i-th particle size range is . The analysis field for the 1st particle size range is , and the aerosol background field for the 1st particle size range is ; The initial field of the 8th particle size range is directly obtained from the analysis field of the 2nd particle size range, and the expression is: where the initial field of the 8th particle size range is , and the analysis field of the 2nd particle size range is ; The initial fields of the 9th and 10th particle size ranges are obtained by distributing the analysis field of the 3rd particle size range according to the proportion of the model variables of the 9th to 10th particle size ranges in the cumulative model variables of the 9th and 10th particle size ranges. The expression is: where represents the initial field of the i-th particle size range, and the aerosol background field of the 3rd particle size range is , and the analysis field of the 3rd particle size range is ; The initial fields of the 11th and 12th particle size ranges are obtained by distributing the analysis field of the 4th particle size range according to the proportion of the model variable of the 11th particle size range and the model variable of the 12th particle size range in the cumulative model variables of the 11th and 12th particle size ranges respectively. The expression is: where represents the initial field of the i-th particle size range, and the analysis field of the 4th particle size range is , and the aerosol background field of the 4th particle size range is ; The analysis fields of the 4 particle size ranges are redistributed using the proportions of the aerosol in each particle size range in the model forecast field to obtain the aerosol initial fields of the 12 particle size ranges required for the atmospheric chemistry weather coupled numerical prediction model. Since ammonium salts do not distinguish particle size ranges, the ammonium salt analysis field is directly assigned as the ammonium salt initial field.

[0017] In this embodiment, the method for constructing the fast cycling system of the atmospheric chemistry weather coupling includes: First, perform preprocessing of aerosol observation data and preprocessing of the atmospheric chemistry background field to provide atmospheric chemistry observation information and background field information to the assimilation system; After the coupled three-dimensional variational assimilation analysis, an atmospheric chemistry analysis field is obtained. The atmospheric chemistry analysis field undergoes initial field update. Meanwhile, the synoptic element analysis field introduces large-scale synoptic information through mixed-scale analysis to obtain a mixed analysis, and the mixed analysis is provided to the cloud analysis system to update the analysis of water substance variables and update the lateral boundaries. The coupled numerical prediction model is driven by the atmospheric chemistry initial field, the mixed analysis field, the water substance analysis field, and the updated lateral boundary conditions to obtain the short-term and nowcasting atmospheric chemistry and synoptic prediction fields. The atmospheric chemistry prediction field for the next moment is preprocessed by the atmospheric chemistry background field. Based on the coupled three-dimensional variational assimilation system of the atmospheric chemistry background field, the atmospheric chemistry observation information and the synoptic element observation information are assimilated, and continuous analysis and prediction cycles are updated to establish a fast update system for chemical weather coupling.

[0018] In a second aspect, a fast update cycle system for chemical weather coupling in the atmosphere includes: Observation acquisition and preprocessing module: used to collect the original ground aerosol observation data within a preset area, preprocess the aerosol observation data; obtain the aerosol observation data according to the principle readable by the assimilation system; the aerosol observation data is PM 2.5 and PM 10 ; Atmospheric chemistry background field module: used to construct a background field based on the atmospheric chemistry model prediction field of the chemical weather numerical model, preprocess the atmospheric chemistry prediction data by the atmospheric chemistry background field, and obtain the chemical background field based on the chemical weather coupled assimilation system; among them, the three-dimensional variational assimilation system for regional atmospheric chemistry coupling and the atmospheric chemistry aerosol analysis variables and model variables of the numerical prediction model are all black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, nitrate nt, and ammonium salt am; except for ammonium salt, other analysis variables are divided into 4 particle size segments, and other model variables are divided into 12 particle size segments. Initial field update module: update the atmospheric chemistry initial field according to the atmospheric chemistry analysis field. System construction module: used to construct a fast update cycle system for chemical weather coupling in the atmosphere based on the fast update cycle process of CMA-MESO.

[0019] Figure 1It is divided into a cold start cycle and a hot start cycle. In the cold start cycle, the global model is used as the background field or initial field to drive the assimilation system or model prediction. In the hot start cycle, the regional prediction field is used as the background field to drive the assimilation system. In the cold start and hot start cycle processes, the preprocessing of observation data provides reliable observation information for the assimilation analysis system. The preprocessing of observation data includes the preprocessing of conventional observations transmitted by GTS, the preprocessing of radar observation data, the preprocessing of satellite observation data from different platforms, and the preprocessing of ground aerosol observation data. Based on the background field and various observation data, through the assimilation analysis method of chemical weather coupling, the analysis fields of weather and atmospheric chemistry are generated. The analysis fields of weather and atmospheric chemistry can be used as the initial fields of the chemical weather coupling prediction model. Since the particle size segments of the variables in the atmospheric chemistry model and the variables in the atmospheric chemistry analysis are different, when the atmospheric chemistry analysis field is used as the initial field of the model, the update of the atmospheric chemistry initial field is required. Similarly, when the atmospheric chemistry model field is used as the background field of the assimilation system, the preprocessing of the aerosol background field is required. There is also a need for hybrid scale analysis, cloud analysis, and lateral boundary update between the assimilation and model prediction systems. The chemical weather coupling prediction model uses the current weather situation and atmospheric environment situation as the starting point. The weather situation refers to the accurate gridded three-dimensional atmospheric element field after assimilation, and the three-dimensional atmospheric element field includes wind, pressure, temperature, water vapor, and water substance variables. The atmospheric environment situation refers to the accurate gridded three-dimensional atmospheric chemistry element field after assimilation, and the three-dimensional atmospheric chemistry element field includes black carbon, organic carbon, dust, sea salt, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium salt, and various gas variables. Through the forward integration calculation of the model, the future weather state and atmospheric environment state predicted by the model are obtained.

[0020] Figure 2 Figure 3h cycle and nowcasting schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application. Starting from the actual application scenario, a cold start is performed at 00:00 every day. The initial moment is the downscaled field of the global model prediction as the background field for cold start analysis and prediction, represented by the light blue curve. At other times, the 3h prediction field of the regional model is used as the background field for warm start analysis and prediction, represented by the black curve. The large-scale part of the lateral boundary conditions and hybrid scale analysis all comes from the global model. An analysis field of the cumulative previous observation information is obtained every 3h, and a 24h prediction is performed based on the analysis every 3h.

[0021] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid update cycle method for atmospheric chemistry - weather coupling, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Collect the original ground aerosol observation data within a preset area, and preprocess the aerosol observation data; obtain aerosol observation data from the original ground aerosol observation data according to the principle readable by the assimilation system; the aerosol observation data is PM 2.5 and PM 10 ; S2. Construct a background field based on the model forecast field of the chemical weather pattern, preprocess the forecast data for the atmospheric chemical background field, and obtain the chemical background field based on the chemical weather coupling assimilation system; wherein the three-dimensional variational assimilation system for regional atmospheric chemical weather coupling and the atmospheric chemical aerosol analysis variables and model variables of the numerical forecast model are all black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, nitrate nt, and ammonium salt am; except for ammonium salt, other analysis variables are divided into 4 particle size segments, and other model variables are divided into 12 particle size segments; S3. Update the initial atmospheric chemical field according to the analysis field; Update and process the atmospheric chemical aerosol analysis fields in 4 particle size segments output by the regional atmospheric chemical weather coupling three-dimensional variational assimilation system to obtain the initial atmospheric chemical field required by the atmospheric chemical weather coupling numerical forecast model; S4. Based on the rapid update cycle process of CMA-MESO, construct a rapid cycle system for atmospheric chemical weather coupling.

2. The rapid update cycle method for atmospheric chemistry-weather coupling according to claim 1, wherein The method for obtaining the chemical background field based on the chemical weather coupling assimilation system includes: Excluding ammonium salt, the aerosol mass concentration of the chemical weather coupling numerical forecast model is in 12 particle size segments, while the aerosol mass concentration analysis variable of the chemical weather coupling assimilation system is in 4 particle size segments. Convert the atmospheric chemical model variables into background fields of different particle sizes, and the expression is: Among them is the set of atmospheric chemical aerosol variables, namely black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, nitrate nt; the particle size section serial number is i, and the aerosol background field of the first particle size section is , and the aerosol background field of the second particle size section is , and the aerosol background field of the third particle size section is , and the aerosol background field of the fourth particle size section is , and the i-th aerosol model variable is , and the aerosol model variables are divided into 12 particle size sections; Since ammonium salt is not segmented, the ammonium salt background field directly adopts the ammonium salt model variable field.

3. The rapid update cycle method for coupling atmospheric chemistry and weather according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for updating the initial atmospheric chemical field includes: When the ratio of the mass concentration in different particle size segments in the analysis field to the total mass concentration is the same as the ratio of the mass concentration in different particle size segments in the forecast field to the total mass concentration, except for ammonium salt variables, reallocate according to the proportion of the initial field of the aerosol model variables in the chemical background field in 12 particle size segments; Obtain the initial fields of the 1st to 7th particle size segments by distributing the analysis field of the 1st particle size segment according to the proportion of the model variables of the 1st to 7th particle size segments in the accumulated model variables of the 1st to 7th particle size segments. The expression is: Among them is the set of atmospheric chemical aerosol variables, namely black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, and nitrate nt. The initial field of the i-th particle size range is , and the i-th aerosol model variable is . The analysis field of the 1st particle size range is , and the aerosol background field of the 1st particle size range is ; Directly obtain the initial field of the 8th particle size segment from the analysis field of the 2nd particle size segment. The expression is: Among them, the initial field of the 8th particle size range is , and the analysis field of the 2nd particle size range is ; Obtain the initial field of the 9th particle size segment and the initial field of the 10th particle size segment by distributing the analysis field of the 3rd particle size segment according to the proportion of the model variables of the 9th to 10th particle size segments in the accumulated model variables of the 9th and 10th particle size segments. The expression is: Among them represents the initial field of the i-th particle size range. The aerosol background field of the 3rd particle size range is , and the analysis field of the 3rd particle size range is ; Obtain the initial field of the 11th particle size segment and the initial field of the 12th particle size segment by distributing the analysis field of the 4th particle size segment according to the proportion of the model variables of the 11th particle size segment and the model variables of the 12th particle size segment in the accumulated model variables of the 11th and 12th particle size segments respectively. The expression is: Among them represents the initial field of the i-th particle size segment, and the analysis field of the 4th particle size segment is , and the aerosol background field of the 4th particle size segment is ; Reallocate the analysis fields in 4 particle size segments using the proportion of each particle size segment of the aerosol in the model forecast field to obtain the initial aerosol field in 12 particle size segments required by the atmospheric chemical weather coupling numerical forecast model; since ammonium salt is not segmented by particle size, the ammonium salt analysis field is directly assigned as the ammonium salt initial field.

4. A rapid update cycle method for atmospheric chemistry-weather coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for constructing the rapid cycle system for atmospheric chemical weather coupling includes: Preprocess the aerosol observation data and the atmospheric chemical background field first to provide the atmospheric chemical observation information and background field information for the assimilation system; After the coupled three-dimensional variational assimilation analysis, obtain the atmospheric chemical analysis field. The atmospheric chemical analysis field is updated through the initial field, and at the same time, the synoptic element analysis field introduces large-scale synoptic information through the mixed-scale analysis to obtain the mixed analysis, which is provided to the cloud analysis system to update the analysis of the water substance variables and update the lateral boundary; Drive the coupled numerical prediction model with the atmospheric chemical initial field, the mixed analysis field, the water substance analysis field, and the updated lateral boundary conditions to obtain the short-term and nowcasting atmospheric chemical and synoptic prediction fields; Preprocess the atmospheric chemical prediction field at the next moment. Based on the coupled three-dimensional variational assimilation system of the atmospheric chemical background field, assimilate the atmospheric chemical observation information and synoptic element observation information, and perform continuous analysis and prediction cycles for updating to establish a rapid update system for chemical weather coupling.

5. A rapid update cycle system coupling atmospheric chemistry and weather for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Including: Observation acquisition and preprocessing module: used to collect the original ground aerosol observation data within a preset area and preprocess the aerosol observation data; Obtain aerosol observation data from the original ground aerosol observation data according to the principle readable by the assimilation system; the aerosol observation data is PM 2.5 and PM 10 ; Atmospheric chemical background field module: used to construct the atmospheric chemical background field according to the atmospheric chemical model prediction field of the chemical weather numerical model, preprocess the prediction data for the atmospheric chemical background field, and obtain the chemical background field based on the chemical weather coupled assimilation system; Among them The atmospheric chemical aerosol analysis variables and model variables of the regional atmospheric chemical coupled three-dimensional variational assimilation system and the numerical prediction model are all black carbon bc, organic carbon oc, road dust sd, sea salt ss, sulfate sf, nitrate nt, and ammonium salt am; except for ammonium salt, other analysis variables are divided into 4 particle size segments, and other model variables are divided into 12 particle size segments; Updated atmospheric chemical initial field module: update the atmospheric chemical initial field according to the atmospheric chemical analysis field; System construction module: used to construct a rapid update cycle system for atmospheric chemical weather coupling based on the rapid update cycle process of CMA-MESO.

Images