Broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cell

Abstract

The application discloses a broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cell pieces, which comprises a working frequency band of 3.57-8.92 GHz, a dielectric plate, a radiation main body arranged on the dielectric plate and a feed line; the radiation main body is composed of two strings of photovoltaic cell strings; the feed line feeds the radiation main body in a port excitation mode; the two strings of photovoltaic cell strings are arranged in a dual-arm spiral shape, and a feed point of the feed line is located at a center position of the radiation main body. The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna integrated with photovoltaic cell pieces can cover the frequency band of 3.57-8.92 GHz through the introduction of a parallel double-line feed structure, so that the performance of a wideband antenna is realized; and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna can cover 4.22-8.98 GHz through the adjustment of the radiation main body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic cell antenna technology, and in particular to a broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, antennas, as a key component of wireless communication systems, directly affect the communication quality of the entire system. In particular, in recent years, the demand for miniaturized, broadband, and circularly polarized antennas has been increasing in fields such as mobile communication, satellite communication, and navigation and positioning.

[0003] In recent years, with the increasing severity of the energy crisis, utilizing renewable energy sources such as solar power to power wireless communication devices has become an important research direction. Integrating photovoltaic cells with antennas can achieve energy self-sufficiency, reduce dependence on traditional batteries, extend device operating time, and lower maintenance costs. However, traditional integration schemes typically place photovoltaic cells outside the antenna's radiation area, which limits the miniaturization of the antenna and may affect its radiation performance.

[0004] Currently, existing antenna technologies for integrated photovoltaic cells have the following main shortcomings:

[0005] Large size: In order to obtain good performance, traditional double-arm spiral antennas usually require a large physical size, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of miniaturized devices.

[0006] Low integration: The integration of photovoltaic cells and antennas is usually quite separate, with photovoltaic cells often placed outside the antenna radiation area, which limits the miniaturization and integration of the system.

[0007] Performance limitations: The introduction of photovoltaic cells may have a negative impact on the antenna's radiation performance, such as impedance mismatch, reduced gain, and deterioration of axial ratio.

[0008] Complex structure: To achieve broadband circular polarization and photovoltaic cell integration, existing designs often require complex feed networks and matching structures, which increases the difficulty and cost of the design.

[0009] Therefore, designing a miniaturized antenna that integrates photovoltaic cells, has good broadband circular polarization performance, and is of great practical significance and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and defects of the prior art and provide a broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells. It aims to solve or overcome one or more shortcomings or defects of the antenna in the prior art in terms of size, performance, structure, integration degree and patch ratio. By introducing a parallel dual-line feed network, broadband circular polarization performance is achieved.

[0011] A broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells, operating in the 3.57-8.92 GHz frequency band, includes a dielectric substrate and a radiating body and a feed line arranged on the dielectric substrate; the radiating body is composed of two strings of photovoltaic cells; the feed line feeds the radiating body using a port excitation method; the two strings of photovoltaic cells are arranged in a dual-arm spiral shape, and the feed point of the feed line is located at the center of the radiating body.

[0012] In each photovoltaic cell string, the photovoltaic cells are connected in series by a welded metal sheet, with one end of the cell string serving as the negative electrode and the other end as the positive electrode.

[0013] The welded metal sheets are all the same size and are rectangular in shape.

[0014] Each photovoltaic cell string consists of 29 identical photovoltaic cells, for a total of 58 identical photovoltaic cells.

[0015] The photovoltaic cell is square in shape.

[0016] Each solar cell measures 9 millimeters in width and 9 millimeters in length.

[0017] The radiation source is located on the upper surface of the foam medium plate.

[0018] The overall structure of the power supply consists of a Teflon dielectric plate, a first feed line, a second feed line, and a capacitor. The vertically placed Teflon dielectric plate is located below the horizontally placed foam dielectric plate that carries the battery cells, and the two feed lines are located on both sides of the vertically placed Teflon dielectric plate.

[0019] The first feeder and the second feeder are separated by a capacitor, which is used to prevent DC current from flowing back to the port.

[0020] The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells provided by this invention, by introducing a parallel dual-line feeding structure, enables the antenna to cover the 3.57-8.92GHz frequency band, achieving broadband antenna performance; by adjusting the radiating body, the antenna's 3dB axial ratio bandwidth can cover 4.22-8.98GHz.

[0021] The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells provided by this invention has a high solar cell coverage rate, makes full use of solar energy, realizes the vertical design of the illumination direction and the communication direction of the antenna, achieves a relative bandwidth of 85.67%, and has low system complexity. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a broadband double-arm helical circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a broadband double-arm helical circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of a broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a rear view schematic diagram of a broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a side view schematic diagram of a broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a first schematic diagram of the feed structure of the broadband double-arm helical circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to an embodiment of the present invention, that is, a front view of one side of the vertically placed Teflon dielectric plate located below the horizontally placed foam dielectric plate.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a second schematic diagram of the feed structure of the broadband double-arm helical circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to an embodiment of the present invention, that is, a front view of the other side of the vertically placed Teflon dielectric plate located below the horizontally placed foam dielectric plate.

[0029] Figure 8 This is an image of the antenna S-parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is an image showing the antenna gain performance of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is an image showing the antenna axial ratio performance of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 , Figure 12 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention when Phi = 0 and Phi = 90.

[0033] in:

[0034] 1. Photovoltaic cell; 2. Welded metal sheet; 3. Horizontally placed foam dielectric board; 4. Feeder; 5. Vertically placed Teflon dielectric board located below the foam dielectric board; 6. Capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] See Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells of the present invention operates in the 3.57-8.92GHz frequency band and includes a dielectric substrate and a radiating body and a feed line arranged on the dielectric substrate. The radiating body is composed of two strings of photovoltaic cells. The feed line feeds the radiating body using port excitation. The two strings of photovoltaic cells are arranged in a dual-arm spiral shape, and the feed point of the feed line is located at the center of the radiating body. When each string of photovoltaic cells is arranged in a spiral shape, the direction change position is vertical. By changing the direction vertically, each string of photovoltaic cells is arranged in a straight line in the X and Y directions, respectively.

[0037] The antenna of the present invention achieves a relatively wide 3dB axial ratio bandwidth covering the 4.22-8.98GHz frequency band by adjusting the battery cell, which serves as the main radiating element, and the welded metal sheet.

[0038] In some embodiments, the radiating body consists of two battery strings, totaling fifty-eight photovoltaic cells with a thickness of 0.02 mm, located on the upper surface of the foam dielectric board. Each battery string is connected by a welded metal sheet, specifically, two adjacent photovoltaic cells are connected by a welded metal sheet, that is, each photovoltaic cell is connected by welded metal sheets at both ends of the battery string.

[0039] In some embodiments, each photovoltaic cell is square in shape, and the photovoltaic cells in each string are connected by welded metal sheets; the welded metal sheets are preferably rectangular.

[0040] In some embodiments, each photovoltaic cell has a width of 9 mm and a length of 9 mm;

[0041] In this invention, the feeder structure is located below the foam dielectric plate and excites the radiating body.

[0042] Figure 8 The S11 parameter image of the present invention is shown. It can be seen that the solar cell antenna with this design provided by the present invention covers the frequency band of 3.57-8.92GHz and achieves the performance of a broadband antenna with a relative bandwidth of 85.67%.

[0043] Figure 9 The gain performance using the present invention is demonstrated, with an average gain of 4.70 dBi across the entire frequency band.

[0044] Figure 10The image shows the axial ratio performance of the invention, which achieves a wide 3dB axial ratio bandwidth covering the 4.22-8.98GHz frequency band by adjusting the battery cell as the main radiator and the welded metal sheet.

[0045] Figure 11 , Figure 12 The radiation pattern of an antenna using the method and dimensions described in this invention at a frequency of 9 GHz is shown. The radiation pattern conforms to the characteristics of an end-fire antenna, the radiated energy has good stability, and the radiation pattern maintains good directivity in the target frequency band.

[0046] The broadband dual-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells of the present invention radiates energy outward by using a radiating body composed of two strings of solar cells and welded metal sheets, realizing the integrated design of solar cell broadband antenna, and improving the matching by introducing an improved feed line structure, achieving a relative bandwidth matching design of 85.67%.

[0047] The broadband dual-arm helical circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells of the present invention has a high solar cell coverage rate, makes full use of solar energy, realizes the vertical design of the illumination direction and the communication direction of the antenna, has low system complexity, and has practical application and promotion value.

[0048] In summary, the broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells of this invention radiates energy outward using a radiating body composed of two strings of solar cells and welded metal sheets; the antenna's matching bandwidth is improved by using a parallel double-feed structure after transition processing, achieving a relative bandwidth of 85.67%.

[0049] This invention achieves a relatively wide 3dB axial ratio bandwidth covering the 4.22-8.98GHz frequency band by adjusting the battery cells and welded metal sheets, which serve as the main radiating elements. Furthermore, this invention has low system complexity and practical application and promotion value.

[0050] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention.

[0051] Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims be included within the invention.

[0052] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells, characterized in that, Operating in the 3.57-8.92 GHz frequency band, the device includes a dielectric substrate and a radiating element and a feed line arranged on the dielectric substrate. The radiating element consists of two strings of photovoltaic cells. The feed line supplies power to the radiating element via port excitation. The two strings of photovoltaic cells are arranged in a double-arm spiral shape, and the feed point of the feed line is located at the center of the radiating element. The photovoltaic cells in each string are connected in series by a welded metal sheet, with one end of the string serving as the negative electrode and the other end as the positive electrode. The photovoltaic cells are square in shape.

2. The broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The welded metal sheets are all the same size and are rectangular in shape.

3. The broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each photovoltaic cell string consists of 29 identical photovoltaic cells, for a total of 58 identical photovoltaic cells.

4. The broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each solar cell measures 9 millimeters in width and 9 millimeters in length.

5. The broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation source is located on the upper surface of the dielectric plate.

6. The broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed line includes a first feed line and a second feed line, which are connected by a capacitor to prevent DC current from flowing back to the port.

7. The broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feed line and capacitor are located below the dielectric substrate.

8. The broadband double-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna with integrated photovoltaic cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is a Teflon dielectric substrate.

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