Wind power blade web

Abstract

The utility model provides a wind power blade web plate which comprises a web plate body formed by at least two prefabricated pultrusion glass fiber plates spliced in the length direction of the web plate body. The composite splicing part is arranged between two adjacent pultruded glass fiber boards so as to connect the two adjacent pultruded glass fiber boards, and the splicing part comprises a plurality of pins which are perpendicular to the board surfaces of the pultruded glass fiber boards and penetrate through the two adjacent pultruded glass fiber boards at the same time; and the fiber fabric wrapping layer covers the outer surface of the splicing part and is in bridge connection with the two adjacent pultruded glass fiber plates. By designing a composite splicing part comprising a pin and an external fiber wrapping layer, webs formed by prefabricated plates of different specifications are connected in a high-strength manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of wind turbine blade manufacturing equipment, and in particular to a wind turbine blade web. Background Technology

[0002] Wind power, as a clean and renewable energy source, plays an increasingly important role in the global energy structure transformation. Wind turbine blades are the key core components of wind turbine generators, converting wind energy into mechanical energy. Their performance, reliability, and manufacturing cost directly affect the overall economic viability of wind power. With the continuous development of wind turbine generators towards larger and lighter designs, the size of wind turbine blades has also increased dramatically, with lengths exceeding 100 meters. In such a massive structure, the web, located inside the blade and connecting the upper and lower caps of the main beam, bears the critical shear force and is crucial for maintaining the stability of the blade cross-section and the rigidity of the overall structure. Traditional web manufacturing processes, such as on-site hand lay-up or vacuum casting, while technically mature, suffer from increasingly prominent drawbacks when dealing with ultra-long blades, including low production efficiency, difficulty in ensuring quality consistency, and challenges in achieving structural optimization.

[0003] To address the challenges of manufacturing large blades, the industry has begun exploring modular and segmented manufacturing concepts. This aims to improve production efficiency and product quality by breaking down large, complex components into smaller, easier-to-manufacture and transportable standard modules, which are then assembled on-site. For example, Chinese patent application CN115628176A discloses a "segmented main beam blade." The core of its technical solution lies in designing the main beam inside the blade as multiple segmented main beams arranged sequentially along the blade's span, and correspondingly, designing the web as multiple segmented webs distributed one-to-one with the segmented main beams. The initial intention of this solution is to allow the structure of each segment to better adapt to the blade's geometry and stress characteristics at different locations, thereby improving the overall structural efficiency of the blade and reducing its weight.

[0004] However, after in-depth research into the aforementioned prior art, the inventors of this application discovered a fundamental, unresolved technical defect in its structural design. Specifically, the prior art only proposes a conceptual layout of "segmented webs," where multiple segmented webs are arranged sequentially adjacent to each other along the spanwise direction. However, the specification fails to provide any specific and feasible technical solution for the crucial technical question of how these adjacent segmented webs are connected. This structural ambiguity leads to a serious technical problem: in practical applications, the web, as a whole, has the core function of continuously and effectively transmitting shear force. If multiple segmented webs are simply placed end-to-end side-by-side, a natural structural discontinuity will be formed at the joint between adjacent segments. When shear force needs to be transmitted from one segment to the next, the force will be severely blocked at this discontinuous joint, preventing the formation of an effective mechanical transmission path. This not only prevents the entire web from functioning as a unified whole, but also creates significant stress concentration at the joint edges. Under long-term alternating loads on the blades, cracks can easily initiate and rapidly propagate from this weak point, ultimately leading to catastrophic structural failure and posing a serious safety hazard. Therefore, while the existing technology proposes a segmented concept, the lack of a crucial connecting structure makes its "segmented web" design impractical in engineering, failing to create a safe and reliable integral load-bearing structure. How to reliably and strongly connect segmented webs, ensuring the structural integrity and continuity of force transmission throughout the web, is a pressing technical challenge in this field. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a wind turbine blade web to solve the technical problems of structural discontinuity, interrupted force transmission, and weak links caused by unclear connection methods in the segmented web structure of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A wind turbine blade web includes a web body composed of at least two prefabricated pultruded fiberglass sheets spliced ​​along its length; a composite splicing section disposed between two adjacent pultruded fiberglass sheets to connect them, the splicing section including: a plurality of pins perpendicular to the surface of the pultruded fiberglass sheets and penetrating the end regions of the two adjacent pultruded fiberglass sheets; and a fiber fabric wrapping layer covering the outer surface of the splicing section and bridging the two adjacent pultruded fiberglass sheets.

[0008] This invention creatively solves the problem of splicing precast panels by setting up a composite splicing part. The pins penetrate adjacent panels, forming physical shear keys that effectively resist shear forces and prevent relative sliding, constituting the first layer of structural protection. The outer fiber fabric wrapping layer, acting as an in-situ formed reinforcing rib, covers and spans the joint, effectively resisting and dispersing tensile and peel stresses acting on the joint, constituting the second layer of structural protection. This composite connection structure of "internal pin locking and external fabric wrapping" ensures a high-strength, mechanically continuous, and reliable connection between adjacent panels, allowing the entire web to function as a complete whole and effectively bear loads, fundamentally eliminating structural discontinuities and weak points caused by unclear connections in existing technologies.

[0009] Preferably, the web body is an elongated conical plate-like structure that gradually narrows along its length, and the web body includes a root region with the widest width, a leaf tip region with the narrowest width, and a middle region located between the root region and the leaf tip region.

[0010] By designing the web body into a macroscopic conical profile, the material distribution of the web can be matched with the actual operating conditions of wind turbine blades where the load gradually decreases from the blade root to the blade tip. This structural optimization allows for more efficient use of materials, achieving initial lightweighting of the web while ensuring structural load-bearing capacity.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the pultruded glass fiber sheet constituting the root region is greater than that of the pultruded glass fiber sheet constituting the blade tip region.

[0012] Building upon the optimization of the macroscopic profile, this design further refines the approach by focusing on material thickness. Thicker plates are used in the root region, where the load is highest, for targeted reinforcement, while thinner plates are used in the tip region, where the load is lower, to effectively reduce weight. This gradual thickness design, combined with a gradual width design, achieves the desired distribution of web strength, significantly improving structural efficiency and lightweighting.

[0013] Preferably, the upper and lower longitudinal edges of the web body are the bonding surfaces for the main beam; and the root region is provided with mounting holes.

[0014] This design clearly defines the mounting interfaces between the web and other components, such as the blade main spars. The main spars bonding surface provides a continuous and reliable bonding interface, forming the basis for a stable box-shaped load-bearing structure between the web and the main spars. Meanwhile, the mounting holes in the root region provide a positioning reference for fixing the web to the hub or main spars in the highest load areas. These interface features ensure that the optimized web can be securely and reliably integrated into the entire blade system, thereby effectively fulfilling its load-bearing function.

[0015] Preferably, at the splicing point, the ends of the two adjacent pultruded fiberglass boards are positioned opposite each other and a gap is maintained; the plurality of pins are distributed in an array in the end region of the pultruded fiberglass boards.

[0016] This design provides more detailed specifications for the internal structure of the splicing joints. The array-like distribution of pins creates multiple redundant physical shear force transmission paths between the panels, ensuring the stability and safety of the connection even under extreme conditions. This significantly enhances the shear resistance and reliability of the splicing joints, providing fundamental strength assurance for the integrity of the entire gradient-optimized structure.

[0017] Preferably, the fiber fabric wrapping layer is a strip layer covering the joint between the two pultruded glass fiber boards, and its width is greater than the gap between the ends of the pultruded glass fiber boards.

[0018] This design specifies the external reinforcement structure. This wide, lateral wrapping layer effectively disperses stress at the joint across a broader area of ​​the plate, preventing stress concentration and significantly improving the tensile, peel, and fatigue resistance of the spliced ​​area. Together with the internal pin array, it forms a comprehensive protective system that combines internal and external reinforcement, offering both shear and tensile strength, ensuring the long-term reliability of the web under complex loads.

[0019] In summary, this utility model, by designing a composite splicing part including pins and an external fiber wrapping layer, strongly connects the web plate composed of prefabricated plates of different specifications. This not only solves the defect of unclear connection of segmented web plates in the prior art, ensuring the integrity of the structure and the continuity of force transmission, but also achieves lightweight and high performance of the web plate through the optimized design of overall conical shape and gradual thickness variation, which can well meet the manufacturing needs of modern large wind turbine blades. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a top view structural schematic diagram of the web of a wind turbine blade according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the web of a wind turbine blade in an oblique view according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the joint structure of two adjacent pultruded glass fiber boards according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1-web body, 2-pultruded glass fiber board, 3-joint part, 4-pin, 5-fiber fabric wrapping layer, 11-root area, 12-middle area, 13-blade tip area, 14-main beam bonding surface. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this utility model clearer, the utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "mounted" on another component, it can be directly on the other component, or there may be intermediate components in between. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component, or there may be intermediate components in between. Unless otherwise expressly specified and defined, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "attached" should be interpreted broadly.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This utility model provides a technical solution for the web of a wind turbine blade.

[0027] A wind turbine blade web includes a web body 1, which is composed of at least two prefabricated pultruded fiberglass boards 2 spliced ​​along its length; a composite splicing part 3, which is disposed between two adjacent pultruded fiberglass boards 2 to connect them, the splicing part 3 including: a plurality of pins 4, perpendicular to the surface of the pultruded fiberglass board 2 and penetrating the end regions of the two adjacent pultruded fiberglass boards 2; and a fiber fabric wrapping layer 5, which covers the outer surface of the splicing part 3 and spans the two adjacent pultruded fiberglass boards 2.

[0028] This invention creatively solves the problem of splicing precast panels by setting up a composite splicing part 3. The pins 4 penetrate adjacent panels, forming physical shear keys that effectively resist shear forces and prevent relative sliding of the panels, constituting the first layer of structural protection. The outer fiber fabric wrapping layer 5, acting as an in-situ formed reinforcing rib, covers and spans the joint, effectively resisting and dispersing tensile and peel stresses acting on the joint, constituting the second layer of structural protection. This composite connection structure of "internal pin locking and external fabric wrapping" ensures a high-strength, mechanically continuous, and reliable connection between adjacent panels, allowing the entire web to function as a complete whole and effectively bear loads, fundamentally eliminating structural discontinuities and weak points caused by unclear connections in existing technologies.

[0029] For a preferred embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figure 1 The web body 1 is an elongated conical plate structure that gradually narrows along its length. The web body 1 includes a root region 11 with the widest portion, a tip region 13 with the narrowest portion, and a central region 12 located between the root region 11 and the tip region 13. By designing the web body 1 with a macroscopic conical profile, the material distribution of the web can be matched to the actual operating conditions of wind turbine blades where the load gradually decreases from the blade root to the tip. This structural optimization allows for more efficient material utilization, achieving initial lightweighting of the web while ensuring structural load-bearing capacity.

[0030] Furthermore, the thickness of the pultruded fiberglass board 2 constituting the root region 11 is greater than that of the pultruded fiberglass board 2 constituting the blade tip region 13. Based on macroscopic profile optimization, this design further refines the design from the perspective of material thickness. A thicker board is used in the root region 11, where the load is greatest, for focused reinforcement, while a thinner board is used in the blade tip region 13, where the load is less, to effectively reduce weight. This gradual thickness design, combined with the gradual width design, achieves the required distribution of web strength, significantly improving structural efficiency and lightweighting.

[0031] As another preferred implementation, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The upper and lower longitudinal edges of the web body 1 are the main beam bonding surfaces 14; and mounting holes are provided on the root region 11. This design clarifies the mounting interface between the web and other components such as the blade main beam. The main beam bonding surface 14 provides a continuous and reliable bonding interface, which is the basis for the web and main beam to form a stable box-shaped load-bearing structure; while the mounting holes in the root region 11 provide a positioning reference for fixing the web to the hub or main beam in the highest load area. The setting of these interface features ensures that the optimized web can be stably and reliably integrated into the entire blade system, thereby effectively exerting its load-bearing function.

[0032] Please see Figure 3 The structure of the splicing part 3 is further described in detail below. At the splicing part 3, the ends of the two adjacent pultruded fiberglass boards 2 are positioned opposite each other and a gap is maintained; the plurality of pins 4 are distributed in an array in the end region of the pultruded fiberglass boards 2. This scheme provides a more detailed definition of the internal structure of the splicing part 3. Among them, the array distribution of the pins 4 forms multiple redundant physical shear force transmission paths between the boards, which can ensure the stability and safety of the connection even under extreme working conditions, greatly enhancing the shear resistance and reliability of the splicing part 3, and providing a fundamental strength guarantee for the integrity of the entire gradient optimization structure.

[0033] At the same time, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fiber fabric wrapping layer 5 is a strip-shaped layer covering the joint between the two pultruded fiberglass boards 2, and its width is greater than the gap between the ends of the pultruded fiberglass boards 2. This design specifically defines the external reinforcement structure. This wide wrapping layer 5, which bridges the joint, can effectively disperse the stress at the joint to a wider area of ​​the board, avoiding stress concentration and significantly improving the tensile, peel, and fatigue resistance of the splice part 3. It forms a complete protective system with internal and external coordination and both shear and tensile resistance with the internal pin array, jointly ensuring the long-term service reliability of the web under complex loads.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, the web body 1 is the core load-bearing component installed inside the wind turbine blade (not shown in the figure), used to connect the upper and lower beam caps of the main beam (not shown in the figure). Its overall conical geometry, that is, a smooth transition from the wide root region 11 to the narrow tip region 13, allows for better matching of the decreasing load distribution of the wind turbine blade from the root to the tip, thus achieving optimized configuration of structural mass.

[0035] To further optimize structural performance and manufacturing process, the pultruded fiberglass board (2) is preferably a pultruded fiberglass board with a surface covered with a release cloth, which helps simplify the subsequent bonding process with the main beam. More preferably, the pultruded fiberglass boards (2) constituting different regions of the web (such as root region 11, middle region 12, and tip region 13) not only have different thicknesses, but their internal fiber arrangement direction is also optimized. For example, in the root region (11) where the shear force is the greatest, the main fiber direction of the board is highly matched with the direction of the main shear force borne by the web, thereby maximizing the load-bearing efficiency of the material and constructing an optimized structure with gradually changing performance.

[0036] The pultruded fiberglass board 2 constituting the web body 1 has multiple circular through holes pre-formed on it for accommodating the pins 4. For example, at the splicing section (3), holes can be arrayed at intervals of approximately 80 mm along the length of the board end. These through holes provide a precise positioning reference for subsequent splicing and assembly. The pins (4) used for inserting into the through holes are preferably specially made fiber-reinforced pins whose material matches that of the demolding pultruded fiberglass board (2) (e.g., both are glass fiber reinforced composite materials) to ensure good interfacial bonding performance and consistent coefficient of thermal expansion, avoiding additional internal stress due to material mismatch, thereby improving the long-term reliability of the connection.

[0037] At the splicing section 3, a locally thickened reinforcing area is formed at the joint through the combined action of adhesive (not shown in the figure), arrayed pins 4, and an external fiber fabric wrapping layer 5. This reinforcing area acts like a one-piece reinforced rib, significantly improving the bending and shear stiffness at the joint, effectively suppressing stress concentration, and thus ensuring that stress can be smoothly transmitted and distributed along the length of the web. This "segmented construction, integral connection" method allows the use of standardized, easy-to-manufacture and transportable short plates to construct ultra-long web structures, greatly simplifying the production process and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A wind turbine blade web, characterized in that, include: The web body (1) is composed of at least two prefabricated pultruded fiberglass boards (2) spliced ​​along its length. A composite splicing section (3) is disposed between two adjacent pultruded fiberglass sheets (2) to connect them, the splicing section (3) comprising: Multiple pins (4) are perpendicular to the surface of the pultruded fiberglass board (2) and penetrate the end regions of each of the two adjacent pultruded fiberglass boards (2); and A fiber fabric wrapping layer (5) covers the outer surface of the splicing part (3) and spans the two adjacent pultruded glass fiber boards (2).

2. The wind turbine blade web as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The web body (1) is an elongated conical plate structure that gradually narrows along its length. The web body (1) includes a root region (11) with the largest width, a leaf tip region (13) with the narrowest width, and a middle region (12) located between the root region (11) and the leaf tip region (13).

3. The wind turbine blade web as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the pultruded glass fiber plate (2) constituting the root region (11) is greater than that of the pultruded glass fiber plate (2) constituting the leaf tip region (13).

4. The wind turbine blade web as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The upper and lower longitudinal edges of the web body (1) are the main beam bonding surfaces (14); and the root region (11) is provided with mounting holes.

5. The wind turbine blade web as described in claim 4, characterized in that, At the splicing part (3), the ends of the two adjacent pultruded fiberglass boards (2) are arranged opposite each other and a gap is maintained; the plurality of pins (4) are distributed in an array in the end area of ​​the pultruded fiberglass board (2).

6. The wind turbine blade web as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fiber fabric wrapping layer (5) is a strip layer covering the seam of the two pultruded glass fiber boards (2), and its width is greater than the gap between the ends of the pultruded glass fiber boards (2).

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