Dynamic control method and system for power supply of high computing power processor

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic control method and system for a power supply of a high computing power processor, and the method is realized based on a DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter, and comprises the steps: carrying out the sampling of a load current and a load voltage outputted by the converter; the steady-state controller and the PWM controller jointly carry out steady-state control according to the load voltage; the dynamic track controller obtains the running state track of a resonant cavity formed by the first inductor, the first capacitor and the transformer primary side excitation inductor, when the sampled load current step rises and the running state track of the resonant cavity is located at any point of the upper half period, the dynamic track controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller, and the output of the steady-state controller is switched off. A control command for controlling the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube and the sixth switch tube to be switched on simultaneously is output to the driver, so that the running state track of the resonant cavity is changed; and when the running state track intersects with the heavy load track, the controller is switched back to the steady state controller. The method is higher in dynamic control performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to power control technology, and in particular to a dynamic control method and system for the power supply of a high-computing power processor. Background Art

[0002] In 2020, the total power consumption of data centers in China exceeded 200 billion kWh, accounting for 2.7% of the total power consumption. As the computing power required by society is increasing, the energy consumption of data centers still maintains high growth. By 2030, it is estimated that the power consumption of data centers will account for 14% of the global power consumption. The energy consumption level of data centers is mainly determined by their power supply architectures. For the traditional 12V DC bus voltage, its multi-stage power conversion reduces the overall efficiency and reliability of the system. Excessive current will generate excessive losses on the transmission bus, significantly reducing the end-to-end efficiency. Therefore, the 48V power distribution bus structure with fewer power conversion stages, higher efficiency, and lower cost increases the DC bus voltage by 4 times, thereby reducing the current to one-fourth of the original, and greatly reducing the losses on the transmission bus. Therefore, in the case of high-current loads, the 48V power distribution bus structure has been widely used and a rich ecosystem has been formed.

[0003] The current development of CPUs still follows Moore's Law, but the development of GPUs has exceeded the constraints of Moore's Law. While the computing power of GPUs is increasing rapidly, new requirements are put forward for their power supply. Taking a certain GPU as an example, under rated operating conditions, the rated voltage of the core is 0.8V and the rated current reaches 600A. In the GPU acceleration mode, the current required by the GPU is as high as 1200A and the voltage is 1.1V. This poses higher requirements for the VRM between the 48V DC bus and the processor chip. In addition, due to the working characteristics of microprocessors, they need to frequently switch between high-power consumption and low-power consumption states, which requires the power supply to have a high dynamic current response ability. These all pose higher requirements for the power supply.

[0004] Currently, according to the circuit topologies of 48V bus voltage regulators, they can be divided into three categories: single-stage, two-stage, and hybrid. Among them, the hybrid quasi-parallel topology based on the partial power transfer idea adopts an input-series output-parallel structure, mainly composed of an isolated DCX module with a fixed turns ratio and a non-isolated PWM module responsible for voltage regulation at the load end, and has the potential advantage of higher efficiency.

[0005] The LLC resonant converter can achieve zero-voltage switching within a wide load range, enabling it to operate at ultra-high frequencies, achieving high efficiency while realizing high-density integration. Therefore, it is regarded as a suitable choice for the DCX module, which serves as the main power supply path, in a hybrid architecture processor. Taking a certain hybrid converter as an example, while the LLC resonant converter operates stably near the optimal frequency point, it undertakes most of the power output. The PWM module selects a Buck circuit to achieve the voltage regulation function, enabling the hybrid converter to maintain a high operating efficiency while meeting a wide voltage adaptation range.

[0006] However, the LLC resonant converter has certain defects in the response speed to dynamic load changes. Especially in the transient condition where the load current undergoes a step change, its output voltage is prone to large fluctuations. For this hybrid converter, the existing control strategy is to switch the Buck circuit from the voltage regulation state to the fully-conducted or off state after detecting a load step, so as to respond to the load current change as quickly as possible. Although this strategy can improve the dynamic performance to a certain extent, due to the limitation of the output inductor of the Buck circuit, the rate of change of the current is still restricted, resulting in an unsatisfactory dynamic response performance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamic control method and system for the power supply of a high-computing-power processor with higher dynamic response performance.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A dynamic control method for the power supply of a high-computing-power processor, the method is implemented based on a DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter, the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter includes an input DC power supply, a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, a sixth switch tube, a seventh switch tube, an eighth switch tube, a transformer, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first inductor, and a second inductor, and the method includes:

[0010] Sampling the load current and load voltage output when the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter is connected to the load;

[0011] The steady-state controller and the PWM controller jointly perform steady-state control. Among them, the steady-state controller outputs control commands for controlling the first switch tube to the sixth switch tube to the driver, and the PWM controller outputs control commands for controlling the sixth switch tube and the seventh switch tube to the PWM driver according to the load voltage;

[0012] The dynamic trajectory controller obtains the operating state trajectory of a resonant cavity composed of a first inductor, a first capacitor, and the primary excitation inductor of a transformer. The operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is a coordinate trajectory with the first capacitor voltage as the x-axis coordinate and the first inductor current as the y-axis coordinate.

[0013] When the sampled load current steps up and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is at any point in the upper half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the simultaneous conduction of the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube, and the sixth switch tube, causing the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity to change. When the operating state trajectory intersects with the heavy-load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller. The heavy-load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the step-up of the load current as the radius.

[0014] The driver and the PWM driver generate switch tube control signals according to the received control commands to control the conduction, cutoff, and duty cycle of the corresponding switch tubes.

[0015] Furthermore, the method further includes:

[0016] When the sampled load current steps up and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is at any point in the lower half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the simultaneous conduction of the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube, and the fifth switch tube, causing the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity to change. When the operating state trajectory intersects with the heavy-load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller.

[0017] Furthermore, the method further includes:

[0018] When the sampled load current steps down and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is at any point in the upper half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the cutoff of the sixth switch tube, causing the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity to change. When the operating state trajectory intersects with the light-load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller. The light-load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the step-down of the load current as the radius.

[0019] Furthermore, the method further includes:

[0020] When the sampled load current steps down, and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is at any point in the lower half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the fifth switch tube to turn off, causing the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity to change; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the light-load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller, where the light-load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value after the first inductor current drops caused by the step-down of the load current as the radius.

[0021] Further, the steady-state controller and the PWM controller jointly perform steady-state control, specifically including:

[0022] The steady-state controller controls the first switch tube to the sixth switch tube to have the same operating frequency, which is equal to the resonant frequency of the first inductor and the first capacitor, controls the first switch tube, the third switch tube, and the fifth switch tube to conduct simultaneously, or the second switch tube, the fourth switch tube, and the sixth switch tube to conduct simultaneously, and controls the first switch tube and the second switch tube to conduct complementarily, with a duty cycle of 0.5 for both;

[0023] The PWM controller controls the seventh switch tube and the eighth switch tube to have the same operating frequency and conduct complementarily, and when the load voltage is greater than the preset reference voltage, outputs a control command to increase the duty cycle of the seventh switch tube so that the load voltage decreases to the preset reference voltage; and when the load voltage is less than the preset reference voltage, outputs a control command to decrease the duty cycle of the seventh switch tube so that the load voltage decreases to the preset reference voltage.

[0024] A dynamic control system for the power supply of a high-computing-power processor, the system includes a DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter, the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter includes an input DC power supply, a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, a sixth switch tube, a seventh switch tube, an eighth switch tube, a transformer, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first inductor, a second inductor, and the system further includes:

[0025] A sampling module for sampling the load current and load voltage output when the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter is connected to a load;

[0026] A steady-state controller for outputting control commands to the driver for controlling the first switch tube to the sixth switch tube;

[0027] A PWM controller for outputting control commands to the PWM driver for controlling the sixth switch tube and the seventh switch tube according to the load voltage;

[0028] The dynamic trajectory controller includes a trajectory acquisition unit and a first trajectory control unit. The trajectory acquisition unit is used to acquire the operating state trajectory of a resonant cavity formed by a first inductor, a first capacitor, and the primary excitation inductor of a transformer. Among them, the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is a coordinate trajectory with the first capacitor voltage as the x-axis coordinate and the first inductor current as the y-axis coordinate. The first trajectory control unit is used to cut off the output of the steady-state controller and output a control command to the driver to control the simultaneous conduction of the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube, and the sixth switch tube when the sampled load current steps up and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is at any point in the upper half cycle, so that the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity changes. When the operating state trajectory intersects with the heavy-load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller again. Among them, the heavy-load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the step-up of the load current as the radius.

[0029] The driver is used to generate a switch tube control signal according to the received control command to control the conduction, turn-off, and duty cycle of the corresponding switch tube.

[0030] The PWM driver is used to generate a switch tube control signal according to the received control command to control the conduction, turn-off, and duty cycle of the corresponding switch tube.

[0031] Further, the dynamic trajectory controller further includes:

[0032] The second trajectory control unit is used to cut off the output of the steady-state controller and output a control command to the driver to control the simultaneous conduction of the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube, and the fifth switch tube when the sampled load current steps up and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is at any point in the lower half cycle, so that the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity changes. When the operating state trajectory intersects with the heavy-load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller again.

[0033] Further, the dynamic trajectory controller further includes:

[0034] The third trajectory control unit is used to cut off the output of the steady-state controller and output a control command to the driver to control the turn-off of the sixth switch tube when the sampled load current steps down and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is at any point in the upper half cycle, so that the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity changes. When the operating state trajectory intersects with the light-load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller again. Among them, the light-load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the step-down of the load current as the radius.

[0035] Further, the dynamic trajectory controller further includes:

[0036] The fourth trajectory control unit is configured to, when the sampled load current drops stepwise and the resonance cavity operating state trajectory is at any point in the lower half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the fifth switching tube to turn off, so that the resonance cavity operating state trajectory changes; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the light-load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller again, where the light-load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value after the first inductor current drops caused by the stepwise drop of the load current as the radius.

[0037] Further, it is specifically configured to control the operating frequencies of the first to sixth switching tubes to be the same and equal to the resonance frequency of the first inductor and the first capacitor, control the first, third, and fifth switching tubes to conduct simultaneously, or the second, fourth, and sixth switching tubes to conduct simultaneously, control the first and second switching tubes to conduct complementarily, and the duty cycle is 0.5 for both;

[0038] The PWM controller is specifically configured to control the operating frequencies of the seventh and eighth switching tubes to be the same and conduct complementarily, and when the load voltage is greater than the preset reference voltage, output a control command to increase the duty cycle of the seventh switching tube so that the load voltage decreases to the preset reference voltage; and when the load voltage is less than the preset reference voltage, output a control command to decrease the duty cycle of the seventh switching tube so that the load voltage decreases to the preset reference voltage. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Based on the operating state trajectory of the resonance cavity jointly constituted by the first inductor, the first capacitor, and the primary excitation inductor of the transformer, the present invention uses a dynamic trajectory controller to dynamically control the switching tubes, achieving current step response within an extremely short time and greatly improving the dynamic response performance of the converter. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 is the circuit topology diagram of the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter;

[0040] Figure 2 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the first mode of the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter;

[0041] Figure 3 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the second mode of the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter;

[0042] Figure 4 is the framework diagram of the dynamic control method for the power supply of the high-computing-power processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 is the resonance cavity operating state trajectory diagram when the load current rises stepwise when adopting the steady-state control method of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6When the dynamic control method of the present invention is adopted, when the load current steps up and the initial state of the resonant cavity is in the upper half cycle, the trajectory diagram of the operating state of the resonant cavity;

[0045] Figure 7 When the dynamic control method of the present invention is adopted, when the load current steps up and the initial state of the resonant cavity is in the upper half cycle, the equivalent circuit diagram after performing dynamic control on the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter;

[0046] Figure 8 When the dynamic control method of the present invention is adopted, when the load current steps up and the initial state of the resonant cavity is in the lower half cycle, the trajectory diagram of the operating state of the resonant cavity;

[0047] Figure 9 When the dynamic control method of the present invention is adopted, when the load current steps up and the initial state of the resonant cavity is in the lower half cycle, the equivalent circuit diagram after performing dynamic control on the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter;

[0048] Figure 10 When the dynamic control method of the present invention is adopted, when the load current steps down and the initial state of the resonant cavity is in the upper half cycle, the trajectory diagram of the operating state of the resonant cavity;

[0049] Figure 11 When the dynamic control method of the present invention is adopted, when the load current steps down and the initial state of the resonant cavity is in the upper half cycle, the equivalent circuit diagram after performing dynamic control on the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter;

[0050] Figure 12 When the dynamic control method of the present invention is adopted, when the load current steps down and the initial state of the resonant cavity is in the lower half cycle, the trajectory diagram of the operating state of the resonant cavity;

[0051] Figure 13 When the dynamic control method of the present invention is adopted, when the load current steps down and the initial state of the resonant cavity is in the lower half cycle, the equivalent circuit diagram after performing dynamic control on the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter;

[0052] Figure 14 Before and after adopting the dynamic control method of the present invention, the output voltage waveform diagram of the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter when the load current steps up;

[0053] Figure 15 Before and after adopting the dynamic control method of the present invention, the voltage waveform diagram of the first capacitor C1 when the load current steps up;

[0054] Figure 16Waveform diagrams of the output voltage of the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter before and after adopting the dynamic control method of the present invention in response to a step-down of the load current;

[0055] Figure 17 Waveform diagrams of the voltage of the first capacitor C1 before and after adopting the dynamic control method of the present invention in response to a step-down of the load current. Specific embodiments

[0056] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0057] Embodiment 1

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention provides a dynamic control method for the power supply of a high-computing-power processor. The method is implemented based on a DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter. As Figure 1 shown, the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter is the converter in patent document 202410444874.X, and specifically includes an input DC power supply V in , a first switching tube S1, a second switching tube S2, a third switching tube S3, a fourth switching tube S4, a fifth switching tube S5, a sixth switching tube S6, a seventh switching tube S7, an eighth switching tube S8, a transformer T, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a first inductor L1, and a second inductor L2; the drain of the first switching tube S1 is connected to the positive terminal of the input DC power supply V in , the source of the first switching tube S1 is connected to the drain of the second switching tube S2 and one end of the first inductor L1, and the source of the second switching tube S2 is connected to the drain of the third switching tube S3, one end of the second capacitor C2, and the drain of the seventh switching tube S7; the source of the third switching tube S3 is connected to the drain of the fourth switching tube S4 and one end of the first capacitor C1, the source of the fourth switching tube S4 is connected to the negative terminal of the input DC power supply V in , the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the same-name end of the transformer winding 1T1, the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the different-name end of the transformer winding one T1, the other end of the bus capacitor C2 is connected to the negative terminal of the input DC power supply V in , the source of the seventh switching tube S7 is connected to the drain of the eighth switching tube S8 and one end of the second inductor L2, the source of the eighth switching tube S8 is connected to the negative terminal of the input DC power supply V in , the other end of the second inductor L2 is connected to one end of the third capacitor C3, the source of the fifth switching tube S5 is connected to the negative terminal of the input DC power supply V in , the drain of the fifth switching tube S5 is connected to the different-name end of the transformer winding 2T2, and the source of the sixth switching tube S6 is connected to the negative terminal of the input DC power supply V inThe negative terminal, the drain of the sixth switching transistor S6 is connected to the same-named terminal of the transformer winding three T3, and the same-named terminal of the transformer winding two T2 and the different-named terminal of the winding three T3 are connected to the output filter capacitor C3 and the load R o One end of, the third capacitor C3 and the load R o The other end is connected to the input DC power supply V in The negative terminal.

[0059] In the first operating mode of the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter during steady-state control as shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, at this time S1 and S3 are turned on, S6 is turned on, and S5 is turned off. At this time, the secondary side of the transformer is clamped at the output voltage V o , then the voltage of the primary winding T1 of the transformer is clamped by the secondary winding, and L1 and C1 resonate. When the resonant current i Lr Resonates to be equal to the exciting current i Lm At this time, turn off S1 and S3. During the dead time, the exciting current of the transformer will discharge the junction capacitance of S2. When the junction capacitance voltage of S2 is zero, S2 and S4 are turned on. S1 and S3 are turned off. S6 is turned off, and S5 is turned on. At this time, the second operating mode of the hybrid DC converter is as shown in the appendix Figure 3 As shown, in this mode, the operating states of S2 and S4 are similar to those of the switching transistors S1 and S3. It can be seen that the LLC circuit part of the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter operates at the resonant frequency. Like a common LLC circuit, it can achieve soft switching, thus achieving high frequency and high efficiency. The turns ratio of the LLC circuit part of this hybrid DC converter is constant, and only the output voltage is closed-loop regulated through the Buck part. For the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter, without additional dynamic control, when the load current changes stepwise, for the LLC-DCX module that transmits most of the power, its dynamic response limitation comes from the change rate of the resonant cavity inductor current and only depends on the impedance characteristics of the converter itself.

[0060] As Figure 4 Shown, the dynamic control method of the power supply for the high computing power processor provided by the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0061] S1. Sample the load current and load voltage output when the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter is connected to the load.

[0062] S2. The steady-state controller and the PWM controller jointly perform steady-state control.

[0063] Among them, the steady-state controller controls the operating frequencies of the first to sixth switching tubes to be the same and equal to the resonance frequency of the first inductor and the first capacitor, controls the first, third, and fifth switching tubes to conduct simultaneously, or the second, fourth, and sixth switching tubes to conduct simultaneously, and controls the first and second switching tubes to conduct complementarily, with a duty cycle of 0.5 for both;

[0064] The PWM controller controls the operating frequencies of the seventh and eighth switching tubes to be the same and conduct complementarily, and when the load voltage V o is greater than the preset reference voltage V ref , it outputs a control command to increase the duty cycle of the seventh switching tube so that the load voltage V o decreases to the preset reference voltage V ref ; and when the load voltage V o is less than the preset reference voltage V ref , it outputs a control command to decrease the duty cycle of the seventh switching tube so that the load voltage V o decreases to the preset reference voltage V ref .

[0065] S3. The dynamic trajectory controller obtains the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity jointly formed by the first inductor, the first capacitor, and the primary excitation inductor of the transformer.

[0066] Among them, the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is a coordinate trajectory with the voltage V crN (resonant voltage) of the first capacitor as the x-axis coordinate and the current i LrN (resonant current) of the first inductor as the y-axis coordinate. As Figure 5 shown, when the load is a fixed value (the load current is a fixed value), the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is a circle under steady-state control. When the load increases, the load current increases, and at this time, the radius of the circle of the operating state trajectory increases. Therefore, the operating state trajectories under different load currents under steady-state control are a series of concentric circles. It can be seen that the switching of the operating trajectory requires a natural response process of several switching cycles.

[0067] S4. The dynamic trajectory controller performs dynamic control according to the operating state trajectory, specifically including S41 to S44.

[0068] S41. When the sampled load current steps up (for example, the load suddenly increases), and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is in the upper half cycle (such as Figure 6When it reaches any point A on the upper semi - circle of the black circle shown (), the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady - state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the simultaneous conduction of the first switch tube S1, the fourth switch tube S4, and the sixth switch tube S6, causing the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity to change; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the heavy - load trajectory, it switches back to the steady - state controller. Among them, the heavy - load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value after the first inductor current rises caused by the step - up of the load current as the radius, specifically as Figure 6 the blue circle shown. After the first switch tube S1, the fourth switch tube S4, and the sixth switch tube S6 are simultaneously turned on, the equivalent circuit of the DCX - PWM hybrid DC converter is as Figure 7 shown. The operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity starts to move from point A to point B, intersects with the heavy - load trajectory at point B. After reaching point B, it switches back to the steady - state controller, and the resonant cavity will operate along the blue circle as the trajectory. Compared with the conventional control method, it is equivalent to instantaneously increasing the input voltage of the LLC - DCX converter, changing the operating state of the resonant cavity, and thus realizing a high - dynamic current rise using the new resonant trajectory.

[0069] S42. When the sampled load current steps up, and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is at any point C in the lower half - cycle (such as Figure 8 the lower semi - circle of the black circle shown), the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady - state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the simultaneous conduction of the first switch tube S1, the fourth switch tube S4, and the fifth switch tube S5, causing the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity to change; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the heavy - load trajectory( Figure 8 the blue circle shown) (the intersection point is D), it switches back to the steady - state controller. After the first switch tube S1, the fourth switch tube S4, and the fifth switch tube S5 are simultaneously turned on, the equivalent circuit of the DCX - PWM hybrid DC converter is as Figure 9 shown. The operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity starts to move from point C to point D, intersects with the heavy - load trajectory at point D. After reaching point D, it switches back to the steady - state controller. The resonant cavity will operate along the blue - circle trajectory.

[0070] S43. When the sampled load current steps down (for example, the load suddenly decreases), and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is at any point E in the upper half - cycle (such as Figure 10 the upper semi - circle of the blue circle shown), the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady - state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the turn - off of the sixth switch tube S6, causing the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity to change; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the light - load trajectory, it switches back to the steady - state controller, where the light - load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value after the first inductor current drops caused by the step - down of the load current as the radius, specifically as Figure 10The black circle shown. After S6 is turned off, the equivalent circuit of the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter is as Figure 11 shown. The secondary current of the transformer is automatically rectified through the body diode of the sixth switch tube S6, and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity starts to move from point E to point F, as Figure 10 shown, intersects with the light load trajectory at point F. After reaching point F, it switches back to the steady-state controller again. The resonant cavity will operate along the black circle trajectory.

[0071] S44. When the sampled load current steps down, and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is at any point G in the lower half cycle (such as Figure 12 the lower half circle of the blue circle shown), the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the fifth switch tube S5 to turn off, causing the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity to change; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the light load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller again. After S5 is turned off, the equivalent circuit of the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter is as Figure 13 shown. The secondary current of the transformer is automatically rectified through the body diode of the sixth switch tube S6, and the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity starts to move from point G to point H, as Figure 12 shown, intersects with the light load trajectory at point H. After reaching point H, it switches back to the steady-state controller again. The resonant cavity will operate along the black circle trajectory.

[0072] S5. The driver and the PWM driver generate switch tube control signals according to the received control commands to control the conduction, turn-off, and duty cycle of the corresponding switch tubes.

[0073] Comparing Figure 6 and 8 with 10, it can be seen that by changing the resonant state through the dynamic control method, in the transition mode, the center of the new operating state trajectory circle will move away from the zero point, and it can reach the new circle trajectory in a time much shorter than half a switching cycle, achieving a current step response in an extremely short time and greatly improving the dynamic response performance of the converter.

[0074] Figure 14 and Figure 15 are respectively the output voltage waveform diagram and the voltage waveform diagram of the first capacitor C1 in response to a sudden increase in load current before and after implementing the dynamic switching control method according to the present invention. It can be seen that by using the dynamic control method proposed by the present invention, the amplitude of the output voltage drop caused by the step increase in load current is significantly reduced, and the voltage of the first capacitor rises rapidly and quickly enters the steady state, verifying the effectiveness of the control method proposed by the present invention.

[0075] By adopting the high-dynamic control method proposed by the present invention, when the load current steps down, according to the working state of the resonant cavity at the load-shedding moment, the drive of the corresponding secondary synchronous rectifier tube is briefly turned off. Since the forward voltage drop of the diode of the synchronous rectifier tube itself is close to the processor supply voltage, it is equivalent to instantaneously increasing the output voltage for the resonant cavity, changing the working state of the resonant cavity, and thus realizing a high-dynamic current rise using a new resonant trajectory.

[0076] Figure 16 and Figure 17 are respectively the output voltage waveform diagram and the voltage waveform diagram of the first capacitor C1 in response to the step-down of the load current before and after implementing the dynamic control method according to the present invention. It can be seen that by adopting the dynamic control method proposed by the present invention, the amplitude of the output voltage impact caused by the step-down of the current load is significantly reduced, the voltage of the first capacitor drops rapidly and quickly enters the steady state, verifying the effectiveness of the control method proposed by the present invention.

[0077] Embodiment 2

[0078] The embodiment of the present invention provides a dynamic control system for a power supply of a high-computing power processor. The system includes a DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter, and the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter includes an input DC power supply, a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, a sixth switch tube, a seventh switch tube, an eighth switch tube, a transformer, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first inductor, and a second inductor. The system further includes a sampling module, a steady-state controller, a dynamic trajectory controller, and a driver.

[0079] The sampling module is used to sample the load current and load voltage output when the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter is connected to the load;

[0080] The steady-state controller is used to output a control command to the driver for controlling the first switch tube to the sixth switch tube. Specifically, it is used to control the first switch tube to the sixth switch tube to have the same operating frequency, which is equal to the resonant frequency of the first inductor and the first capacitor, control the first switch tube, the third switch tube, and the fifth switch tube to conduct simultaneously, or the second switch tube, the fourth switch tube, and the sixth switch tube to conduct simultaneously, and control the first switch tube and the second switch tube to conduct complementarily, with a duty cycle of 0.5.

[0081] The PWM controller is used to output control commands for controlling the sixth switch tube and the seventh switch tube to the PWM driver according to the load voltage. Specifically, it is used to control the operating frequencies of the seventh switch tube and the eighth switch tube to be the same and conduct complementarily. When the load voltage is greater than the preset reference voltage, it outputs a control command to increase the duty cycle of the seventh switch tube so that the load voltage decreases to the preset reference voltage; and when the load voltage is less than the preset reference voltage, it outputs a control command to decrease the duty cycle of the seventh switch tube so that the load voltage increases to the preset reference voltage. The dynamic trajectory controller includes:

[0082] A trajectory acquisition unit, configured to acquire the operating state trajectory of a resonant cavity jointly formed by a first inductor, a first capacitor, and the primary excitation inductor of a transformer, where the operating state trajectory of the resonant cavity is a coordinate trajectory with the first capacitor voltage as the x-axis coordinate and the first inductor current as the y-axis coordinate;

[0083] A first trajectory control unit, configured to, when the sampled load current steps up and the resonant cavity operating state trajectory is at any point in the upper half cycle, cut off the output of the steady-state controller and output a control command to the driver to control the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube, and the sixth switch tube to conduct simultaneously, so that the resonant cavity operating state trajectory changes; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the heavy-load trajectory, switch back to the steady-state controller again; where the heavy-load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the rise caused by the step-up of the load current as the radius;

[0084] A second trajectory control unit, configured to, when the sampled load current steps up and the resonant cavity operating state trajectory is at any point in the lower half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube, and the fifth switch tube to conduct simultaneously, so that the resonant cavity operating state trajectory changes; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the heavy-load trajectory, switch back to the steady-state controller again;

[0085] A third trajectory control unit, configured to, when the sampled load current steps down and the resonant cavity operating state trajectory is at any point in the upper half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the sixth switch tube to turn off, so that the resonant cavity operating state trajectory changes; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the light-load trajectory, switch back to the steady-state controller again, where the light-load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the drop caused by the step-down of the load current as the radius;

[0086] The fourth trajectory control unit is configured to, when the sampled load current steps down and the resonant cavity operating state trajectory is at any point in the lower half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the fifth switching tube to turn off, so that the resonant cavity operating state trajectory changes; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the light-load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller again.

[0087] The driver is configured to generate a switching tube control signal according to the received control command to control the conduction, turn-off and duty cycle of the corresponding switching tube.

[0088] The PWM driver is configured to generate a switching tube control signal according to the received control command to control the conduction, turn-off and duty cycle of the corresponding switching tube.

[0089] The device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used to execute the method provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects for executing the method.

[0090] It should be noted that in the above embodiments of the determination device, the included units and modules are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding functions can be realized; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the convenience of mutual distinction and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0091] The above-described embodiments are only illustrative. The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented only by hardware as long as the functions or effects can be achieved.

[0092] It should be understood that the above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only the principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic control method for a power supply of a high-computing-power processor, the method is implemented based on a DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter, the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter includes an input DC power supply, a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, a sixth switch tube, a seventh switch tube, an eighth switch tube, a transformer, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first inductor, and a second inductor, characterized in that: The method comprises: Sampling the load current and load voltage outputted by the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter when it is connected to a load; The steady-state controller and the PWM controller jointly perform steady-state control, wherein the steady-state controller outputs control commands for controlling the first switch tube to the sixth switch tube to the driver, and the PWM controller outputs control commands for controlling the sixth switch tube and the seventh switch tube to the PWM driver according to the load voltage; The dynamic trajectory controller obtains an operation state trajectory of a resonant cavity composed of a first inductor, a first capacitor, and a primary excitation inductance of a transformer, wherein the operation state trajectory of the resonant cavity is a coordinate trajectory with a first capacitor voltage as an x-axis coordinate and a first inductor current as a y-axis coordinate; When the sampled load current rises in a step, and the resonant cavity operation state trajectory is located at any point in the upper half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller, and outputs a control command to the driver to control the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube and the sixth switch tube to be turned on at the same time, so that the resonant cavity operation state trajectory changes; when the operation state trajectory intersects with the heavy load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller; wherein the heavy load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the load current step rise as the radius; The driver and PWM driver generate switch control signals according to the received control commands to control the on / off state and duty cycle of the corresponding switch.

2. The dynamic control method of the power supply of the high computing power processor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method further comprises: When the sampled load current rises in a step, and the resonant cavity operating state trajectory is at any point in the second half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller, and outputs a control command to the driver to control the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube and the fifth switch tube to be turned on at the same time, so that the resonant cavity operating state trajectory changes; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the heavy load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller.

3. The dynamic control method of the power supply of a high computing power processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When the sampled load current drops in step and the resonant cavity operating state trajectory is located at any point in the upper half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the sixth switch tube to turn off, so that the resonant cavity operating state trajectory changes; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the light load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller, wherein the light load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the drop caused by the load current step drop as the radius.

4. The dynamic control method of the power supply of a high computing power processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When the sampled load current drops in step and the resonant cavity operating state trajectory is at any point in the second half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the fifth switch tube to turn off, so that the resonant cavity operating state trajectory changes; when the operating state trajectory intersects with the light load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller, wherein the light load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the drop caused by the load current step drop as the radius.

5. The dynamic control method of the power supply of a high computing power processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steady-state controller and the PWM controller jointly perform steady-state control, specifically including: The steady-state controller controls the operating frequencies of the first to sixth switch tubes to be the same and equal to the resonant frequency of the first inductor and the first capacitor, controls the first switch tube, the third switch tube and the fifth switch tube to be turned on at the same time, or the second switch tube, the fourth switch tube and the sixth switch tube to be turned on at the same time, controls the first switch tube and the second switch tube to be turned on complementarily, and the duty ratio is 0.5; The PWM controller controls the seventh switch tube and the eighth switch tube to have the same operating frequency and complementarily conduct, and when the load voltage is greater than a preset reference voltage, outputs a control command to increase the duty cycle of the seventh switch tube so that the load voltage is reduced to the preset reference voltage; and when the load voltage is less than the preset reference voltage, outputs a control command to reduce the duty cycle of the seventh switch tube so that the load voltage is reduced to the preset reference voltage.

6. A dynamic control system for a power supply of a high-computing-power processor, the system comprising a DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter, the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter comprising an input DC power supply, a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, a sixth switch tube, a seventh switch tube, an eighth switch tube, a transformer, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first inductor, and a second inductor, characterized in that: The system further comprises: A sampling module is used to sample the load current and load voltage outputted by the DCX-PWM hybrid DC converter when it is connected to a load; A steady-state controller, used for outputting a control command for controlling the first switch tube to the sixth switch tube to the driver; A PWM controller, used for outputting a control command for controlling the sixth switch tube and the seventh switch tube to the PWM driver according to the load voltage; A dynamic trajectory controller comprises a trajectory acquisition unit and a first trajectory control unit, wherein the trajectory acquisition unit is used to acquire the running state trajectory of a resonant cavity composed of a first inductor, a first capacitor and a primary excitation inductance of a transformer, wherein the running state trajectory of the resonant cavity is a coordinate trajectory with the first capacitor voltage as the x-axis coordinate and the first inductor current as the y-axis coordinate; the first trajectory control unit is used to cut off the output of the steady-state controller when the sampled load current rises in a step and the resonant cavity running state trajectory is located at any point in the upper half cycle, and output a control command to the driver to control the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube and the sixth switch tube to be turned on at the same time, so that the resonant cavity running state trajectory changes; when the running state trajectory intersects with the heavy load trajectory, switch back to the steady-state controller; wherein the heavy load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the load current step rise as the radius; The driver is used to generate a switch control signal according to the received control command to control the on / off and duty cycle of the corresponding switch; The PWM driver is used to generate a switch control signal according to the received control command to control the on / off and duty cycle of the corresponding switch.

7. The dynamic control system of the power supply for a high computing power processor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dynamic trajectory controller also includes: The second trajectory control unit is used for, when the sampled load current rises in a step and the resonant cavity operation state trajectory is at any point in the second half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the first switch tube, the fourth switch tube and the fifth switch tube to be turned on at the same time, so that the resonant cavity operation state trajectory changes; when the operation state trajectory intersects with the heavy load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller.

8. The dynamic control system of the power supply for a high computing power processor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dynamic trajectory controller also includes: The third trajectory control unit is used for, when the sampled load current drops in step and the resonant cavity operation state trajectory is located at any point in the upper half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the sixth switch tube to turn off, so that the resonant cavity operation state trajectory changes; when the operation state trajectory intersects with the light load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller, wherein the light load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the drop caused by the load current step drop as the radius.

9. The dynamic control system of the power supply for a high computing power processor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dynamic trajectory controller also includes: The fourth trajectory control unit is used for, when the sampled load current drops in step and the resonant cavity operation state trajectory is at any point in the second half cycle, the dynamic trajectory controller cuts off the output of the steady-state controller and outputs a control command to the driver to control the fifth switch tube to turn off, so that the resonant cavity operation state trajectory changes; when the operation state trajectory intersects with the light load trajectory, it switches back to the steady-state controller, wherein the light load trajectory is a circle drawn with the value of the first inductor current after the drop caused by the load current step drop as the radius.

10. The dynamic control system of the power supply for a high computing power processor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method is specifically used to control the operating frequencies of the first switch tube to the sixth switch tube to be the same and equal to the resonant frequency of the first inductor and the first capacitor, control the first switch tube, the third switch tube and the fifth switch tube to be turned on at the same time, or the second switch tube, the fourth switch tube and the sixth switch tube to be turned on at the same time, and control the first switch tube and the second switch tube to be turned on complementarily, and the duty cycle is 0.5; The PWM controller is specifically used to control the seventh switch tube and the eighth switch tube to have the same operating frequency and complementarily conduct, and when the load voltage is greater than a preset reference voltage, output a control command to increase the duty cycle of the seventh switch tube so that the load voltage is reduced to the preset reference voltage; and when the load voltage is less than the preset reference voltage, output a control command to reduce the duty cycle of the seventh switch tube so that the load voltage is reduced to the preset reference voltage.

Images