Multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters, which belongs to the technical field of instrument intelligent control and consists of a core processing unit, a multi-sensor interface module, a communication module, a remote maintenance module and a power management module. The core processing unit is integrated with a high-performance microprocessor and a real-time operating system to realize multi-task scheduling of data acquisition, processing, storage and the like; the multi-sensor interface module dynamically matches sensor types to guarantee stable connection; the communication module supports various wireless and wired communication, so that remote maintenance and OTA upgrading are facilitated; the remote maintenance module constructs a two-way communication link based on the cloud platform to ensure data security; the power management module adopts dual-mode power supply, a detachable structure realizes mode switching, and portability and stability are both considered. The controller can be compatible with various instruments, supports multi-parameter synchronous measurement, achieves automatic calibration, effectively solves the problems of an existing instrument controller, and is widely applied to the fields of industrial automation, instrument monitoring and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent control of instruments, and particularly relates to a multi-functional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters. Background Art

[0002] In the field of industrial automation and instrumentation, analytical instruments play an important role in monitoring work. However, there are a series of problems with the current controller technology supporting them, which restricts the efficient development of monitoring work.

[0003] In terms of compatibility, the controllers of portable instruments and fixed in-line instruments act independently in terms of interface design, communication protocols, etc. This makes it difficult for different instruments to communicate with each other. In practical applications, if an enterprise needs to use multiple instruments for comprehensive monitoring at the same time, it often has to invest a large amount of resources to solve the adaptation problems between the instruments. This is not only costly but also inefficient, seriously hindering the flexible use of instruments in different scenarios.

[0004] In terms of measurement functions, most existing controllers have a single function and can only support single-parameter measurement. As industrial production and scientific research monitoring scenarios become increasingly complex, the demand for synchronous monitoring of multiple indicators is becoming more urgent, and traditional controllers cannot meet this requirement. At the same time, there are also defects in the real-time and accuracy of their data collection. The collection frequency is low and the error is large, making it difficult to provide accurate and timely data, and unable to provide effective data support for complex industrial process control and scientific research experiments.

[0005] The calibration link is a weak point in the existing technology. After long-term operation of fixed in-line instruments, the measurement accuracy is easily affected by environmental factors, component aging, etc. However, the existing calibration methods rely heavily on manual operation or laboratory data and cannot perform automatic calibration according to the real-time operating parameters of the instrument. This calibration method is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also the error introduced by manual intervention is difficult to control, resulting in the continuous accumulation of instrument monitoring errors and the continuous increase in equipment maintenance costs.

[0006] Maintenance work faces huge challenges. Traditional controllers mainly rely on on-site maintenance, which means that technicians must be present at the site to perform operations such as equipment maintenance, parameter calibration, and software upgrade. This method not only consumes a large amount of manpower and time, but is also significantly restricted by geographical location. In addition, existing controllers lack remote interaction functions, and technicians cannot obtain the operating status of the equipment in real time, making it difficult to make judgments and handle problems in a timely manner when the equipment fails, greatly affecting the normal operation of the equipment and reducing production efficiency.

[0007] There are also problems in power management. Existing controllers cannot balance the different requirements of portability and fixed usage scenarios in power supply modes. In the portable scenario, problems such as insufficient battery life and inconvenient charging are prominent; in the fixed scenario, there are also problems such as poor power supply stability and inability to adapt to harsh environments, such as being unable to effectively cope with environments such as humidity and dust, which limit the wide application of the instrument in complex environments. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The main object of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A multi-functional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters, including a core processing unit, a multi-sensor interface module, a communication module, a remote maintenance module, and a power management module, characterized in that: The core processing unit is the core of the controller, integrating a high-performance microprocessor and carrying a real-time operating system; an algorithm library is built-in to support real-time data acquisition, processing, storage, control decision-making, and multi-task scheduling (data acquisition, calibration calculation, communication synchronization and parallel processing); The multi-sensor interface module dynamically matches the sensor types, real-time collects the analog signals of various sensors on-site, and automatically loads the preset calibration curve; at the same time, a switchable sensor interface module is integrated, which is compatible with analog signals (0-5V / 4-20mA) and digital signals (I²C / RS-485), and TVS diodes and self-recovery fuses are used to realize the hot plug protection of the sensors, ensuring the stability of the physical connection in portable and fixed modes; The communication module supports wireless (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 4G / 5G) and wired communications, realizes remote data transmission, device status monitoring, remote maintenance, and OTA upgrade; it is convenient for technicians to perform remote maintenance and firmware upgrade on the device; The remote maintenance module builds a two-way communication link based on the cloud platform (such as the MQTT protocol), supports dual-mode transmission of 4G / 5G and LoRa, and integrates an encryption protocol to ensure data security; it can realize remote firmware upgrade, fault diagnosis, and parameter configuration, and users can monitor the device status in real time through the mobile APP or the Web end; The power management module adopts dual-mode power supply. In the portable mode, two lithium batteries are used for power supply, cooperating with a buck-boost chip (efficiency > 95%); in the fixed mode, it is connected to the 12-24V mains through a voltage regulator, and the output noise < 10μV RMS; a detachable mechanical structure is used to realize the switching between portable / fixed modes, and a waterproof bracket can be equipped in the fixed mode to ensure stability.

[0010] Preferably, the core processing unit: In terms of data acquisition, the core processing unit can work in cooperation with the multi-sensor interface module to accurately obtain analog or digital signals transmitted from various sensors; for the collected data, a calibration calculation program will be immediately started, and according to the calibration algorithms in the built-in algorithm library, the data will be corrected for errors to ensure the accuracy of the data; During the data processing process, the core processing unit will use various algorithms in the algorithm library, such as filtering algorithms to remove noise interference and statistical analysis algorithms to mine data features, etc., to extract valuable information; the processed data will be stored in the internal storage area for convenient subsequent query and analysis; In terms of control decision-making, the core processing unit will generate corresponding control instructions according to the processed data, combined with preset rules and algorithms; these instructions will be sent to the relevant actuators to achieve precise control of the device; at the same time, the core processing unit also supports multi-task scheduling, and can make tasks such as data acquisition, calibration calculation, and communication be processed synchronously and in parallel to improve the overall operation efficiency of the system.

[0011] Preferably, the multi-sensor interface module is realized by identifying the electrical characteristics and communication protocols when the sensor is accessed. Once the sensor type is identified, the module will automatically load the corresponding preset calibration curve to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the collected data; In terms of signal acquisition, for analog signal sensors, the interface module uses a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion chip to convert analog signals of 0 - 5V or 4 - 20mA into digital signals; the analog-to-digital conversion chip will sample the analog signal at a certain sampling frequency and convert the sampled value into a digital code for transmission to the core processing unit; for digital signal sensors, the interface module communicates with the sensor through I²C or RS-485 interfaces and reads the digital data output by the sensor according to the corresponding communication protocol; To ensure the stability and security of the sensor connection, the multi-sensor interface module adopts a protection circuit composed of TVS diodes and self-recovery fuses; when the sensor is hot-plugged, the TVS diode will respond quickly and clamp the instantaneous overvoltage within a safe range to prevent the interface circuit from being damaged by excessive voltage; the self-recovery fuse will automatically blow when the current is too large to limit the magnitude of the current and protect the sensor and the interface module. When the fault is eliminated, the self-recovery fuse will automatically resume the conducting state.

[0012] Preferably, the communication module: In terms of wireless communication, the Wi-Fi module establishes a connection with a wireless router and conducts data transmission in accordance with the IEEE802.11 standard protocol. It automatically searches for surrounding Wi-Fi signals and selects a suitable network for connection based on signal strength and security. After successful connection, the data inside the controller is encapsulated into data packets through the TCP / IP protocol and sent to other devices in the local area network or sent to the wide area network through the gateway. The Bluetooth module communicates with nearby Bluetooth devices using the Bluetooth protocol stack. When a target device is detected, pairing and connection operations are performed to establish a data transmission channel. Bluetooth communication is suitable for short-distance, low-power data transmission scenarios, such as data interaction with mobile devices. The 4G / 5G module realizes wide area network data transmission by establishing a connection with the operator's base station. The module is built with communication chips and modems, which automatically search for available network signals and perform registration and authentication operations. After successful connection, following the corresponding 4G / 5G communication protocol, data is transmitted to a remote server at a high rate or instructions from the server are received; In terms of wired communication, the communication module is connected to the wired network through an Ethernet interface. The Ethernet interface follows the IEEE802.3 standard protocol and connects the controller to a switch or router in the local area network through an Ethernet cable. During data transmission, the data is encapsulated into Ethernet frames and transmitted to the target device through signal transmission at the physical layer.

[0013] Preferably, the communication module also supports remote maintenance and OTA upgrade functions. By establishing a secure communication channel with a remote server, firmware upgrade packages and configuration parameters sent by the server are received. After receiving the upgrade package, its integrity is verified, and then the upgrade package is written into the storage area of the controller to complete the firmware upgrade operation.

[0014] Preferably, the remote maintenance module is based on a two-way communication link built on a cloud platform (such as the MQTT protocol), which is achieved by deploying an MQTT server on the cloud platform and an MQTT client on the controller side. As a client, the controller actively connects to the MQTT server on the cloud platform and subscribes to corresponding topics. When data needs to be sent to the cloud platform, the client encapsulates the data into an MQTT message and publishes it to the server according to the topic. The cloud platform can push the message to the corresponding monitoring terminal or application program based on the subscription relationship. At the same time, the cloud platform can also send control instructions and configuration information to the client, and the client will receive and process these messages in real time.

[0015] Preferably, in terms of the transmission mode, the remote maintenance module supports dual-mode transmission of 4G / 5G and LoRa. The 4G / 5G network is suitable for scenarios with high real-time requirements and large data volumes, such as remote firmware upgrades and real-time fault diagnosis. The LoRa network is suitable for scenarios with low power consumption, long distance, and small data volumes, such as regular device status reporting. The module will automatically select the appropriate transmission mode according to the actual needs.

[0016] Preferably, to ensure data security, the remote maintenance module integrates an encryption protocol. Before data transmission, the data will be encrypted. The symmetric encryption algorithm (such as AES) is used to encrypt the data, and the encryption key will be securely exchanged between the device and the cloud platform. At the receiving end, the same key will be used to decrypt the data to ensure that only authorized users and devices can access and process the data.

[0017] Preferably, in the portable mode, the power management module is powered by two lithium batteries. The buck-boost chip will monitor the voltage change of the battery in real time. When the battery voltage is higher or lower than the operating voltage required by the controller, the buck-boost chip will automatically adjust the output voltage. For example, when the battery voltage gradually decreases, the buck-boost chip will increase the voltage to a stable operating voltage through the boost circuit to ensure that the controller can work properly. The buck-boost chip adopts efficient switching power supply technology to efficiently convert the energy of the battery into the electrical energy required by the controller, improving the battery usage efficiency.

[0018] Preferably, in the fixed mode, the power management module is connected to the 12-24V mains through a voltage regulator. The voltage regulator will rectify, filter, and regulate the input mains. First, the alternating current is converted into direct current through the rectification circuit, and then the ripple and noise in the DC voltage are removed through the filtering circuit. Finally, the voltage is stabilized within the operating voltage range required by the controller through the voltage regulation circuit, and a pure power supply with a noise less than 10μVRMS is output.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention uses modular interfaces and a standardized hardware platform, which is compatible with portable and fixed online meters and multiple industrial communication protocols. It integrates multi-channel sensor interfaces and high-precision ADCs to achieve multi-parameter synchronous measurement. It has built-in intelligent calibration algorithms to automatically calibrate the sensors of fixed online meters based on real-time data, reducing manual intervention. By integrating multiple communication modules, it constructs an encrypted two-way communication link based on the cloud platform, supports dual-mode transmission, and realizes remote maintenance and monitoring. The power management adopts dual-mode power supply, and the detachable structure can switch modes. The fixed mode is equipped with a waterproof bracket, taking into account both portability and stability, effectively solving the problems of existing meter controllers and improving the device performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition architecture and control principle of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the calibration process of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed mode and portable mode structures of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] To make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0022] As Figures 1-3 shown, the composition and simple process of a multi-functional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters are illustrated below in conjunction with a detailed embodiment. The specific implementation process is as follows: Equipment installation and connection: Technicians select a suitable installation location according to the on-site environment and monitoring requirements. In the fixed mode, the controller is installed on a special waterproof bracket through a detachable mechanical structure and wall-mounted on the wall of the riverside monitoring station, and fixed using wall-mounted installation holes. A voltage regulator is used to connect to 12 - 24V mains power to supply power to the controller, ensuring that the output noise is less than 10μVRMS to ensure stable operation of the equipment. In terms of sensor connection, various sensors for monitoring parameters such as pH value, dissolved oxygen, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are connected to the controller through a multi-sensor interface module. For example, the pH value sensor outputs a 0 - 5V analog signal, the dissolved oxygen sensor uses a 4 - 20mA analog signal, and the COD sensor is a digital signal (I²C interface). The multi-sensor interface module quickly identifies the types of each sensor by detecting the electrical characteristics and communication protocols when the sensors are connected, and automatically loads the corresponding preset calibration curves. At the same time, the protection circuit composed of TVS diodes and self-recovery fuses starts to work to ensure the safety during hot plugging of the sensors and ensure stable physical connection.

[0023] Data Acquisition and Processing: The core processing unit works in collaboration with the multi-sensor interface module to start real-time data acquisition. Taking the pH sensor as an example, the analog-to-digital conversion chip samples the 0-5V analog signal output by it at a sampling frequency of 10 times per second, converts the sampled value into a digital code, and transmits it to the core processing unit. After receiving the data, the core processing unit immediately starts the calibration calculation program, and according to the calibration algorithm in the built-in algorithm library, corrects the error of the pH value data. Suppose at a certain moment, the collected pH value data is 6.8, but after being corrected by the calibration algorithm, the actual accurate pH value is 7.0. During the data processing process, the core processing unit uses filtering algorithms to remove noise interference and statistical analysis algorithms to mine data features. For example, through statistical analysis of the dissolved oxygen data over a period of time, it is found that the dissolved oxygen content shows an obvious downward trend between 2 pm and 4 pm every day, which may be related to the wastewater discharged by factories around the river during this period. The processed data is stored in the internal storage area for convenient subsequent query and analysis.

[0024] Control Decision-making and Equipment Control: The core processing unit generates control instructions based on the processed data, in combination with preset rules and algorithms. For example, when it is monitored that the COD content of a certain river exceeds the preset discharge standard, the core processing unit will generate a control instruction and send it to the relevant executing agency through the communication module, such as starting the sewage treatment equipment to treat the exceeded-standard river water. At the same time, the core processing unit supports multi-task scheduling, enabling tasks such as data acquisition, calibration calculation, and communication to be processed synchronously and in parallel to ensure the efficient operation of the system.

[0025] Data Transmission and Remote Maintenance: The communication module plays an important role in data transmission. In terms of wireless communication, the Wi-Fi module automatically searches for surrounding Wi-Fi signals, selects the network with the strongest signal strength and high security for connection. After successful connection, it encapsulates the data inside the controller into data packets according to the TCP / IP protocol and sends them to other devices in the local area network or to the wide area network through the gateway. When encountering unstable Wi-Fi signals or areas without Wi-Fi coverage, the 4G / 5G module starts to work. The module automatically searches for available network signals, performs registration and authentication operations. After successful connection, it follows the corresponding 4G / 5G communication protocol and transmits a large amount of water quality monitoring data to the remote server at a high rate. For example, after a heavy rain, a large amount of real-time water quality monitoring data needs to be transmitted to the environmental protection department in a timely manner, and the 4G / 5G module ensures the fast and stable transmission of the data. The Bluetooth module is used for short-distance and low-power data interaction with nearby mobile devices. For example, technicians can connect to the Bluetooth through their mobile phones to view the device operation status and monitoring data on-site. In terms of wired communication, the communication module is connected to the wired network through the Ethernet interface, encapsulates the data into Ethernet frames, and transmits them to the switch or router in the local area network through the network cable to achieve stable data transmission. The remote maintenance module constructs a two-way communication link based on the cloud platform (using the MQTT protocol). The controller, as the client, actively connects to the MQTT server of the cloud platform and subscribes to the corresponding topics. When data needs to be sent to the cloud platform, the client encapsulates the data into MQTT messages and publishes them to the server according to the topics. The staff of the environmental protection department can view the water quality data of each monitoring point in real time through the monitoring terminal of the cloud platform. At the same time, the cloud platform can also send control instructions and configuration information to the client, such as remotely adjusting monitoring parameters, starting the device maintenance program, etc. In terms of the transmission method, the remote maintenance module automatically selects 4G / 5G and LoRa dual-mode transmission according to actual needs. When performing remote firmware upgrades and real-time fault diagnosis, it selects the 4G / 5G network; in cases where data volume is small, such as regularly reporting device status, it selects the LoRa network to reduce power consumption. To ensure data security, the remote maintenance module integrates encryption protocols and uses symmetric encryption algorithms (such as AES) to encrypt the data. The encryption key is securely exchanged between the device and the cloud platform. At the receiving end, the same key is used to decrypt the data, and only authorized users and devices can access and process the data.

[0026] Calibration function implementation: After the sensor of the fixed on-line instrument has been running for a long time, measurement errors may occur. At this time, the built-in calibration algorithm starts to work. Taking the dissolved oxygen sensor as an example, the core processing unit collects dissolved oxygen data in real time and compares it with the preset standard value. If there is a deviation between the collected dissolved oxygen data and the standard value, the calibration algorithm will generate a calibration coefficient through filtering, comparison and error compensation algorithms, automatically calibrate the sensor, and correct the measurement error. The entire calibration process requires no manual intervention, ensuring that the measurement data always maintains high precision and stability.

[0027] Power management and mode switching: During daily monitoring work, the device is mainly in the fixed mode and is powered by the mains. However, when it is necessary to conduct water quality monitoring at some remote or temporary monitoring points, the controller can be switched to the portable mode. Technicians can easily remove the controller from the fixed bracket through a detachable mechanical structure. At this time, the controller is powered by two lithium batteries. The buck-boost chip monitors the battery voltage change in real time. When the battery voltage gradually decreases, such as from the initial 4.2V to 3.5V, the buck-boost chip raises the voltage to the stable operating voltage of 3.3V through the boost circuit to ensure the normal operation of the controller. The buck-boost chip adopts efficient switching power supply technology to efficiently convert the battery energy into the electrical energy required by the controller, improving the battery usage efficiency and meeting the needs of long-term field monitoring.

[0028] Through the above implementation process, the multi-functional intelligent controller of the present invention has realized real-time and accurate monitoring of water quality in urban water quality monitoring projects, effectively solved the problems existing in traditional monitoring methods such as poor compatibility, single measurement function, inconvenient calibration, difficult maintenance and insufficient power management, and provided strong support for urban water environment governance and protection.

[0029] The above has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters, comprising a core processing unit, a multi-sensor interface module, a communication module, a remote maintenance module, and a power management module, characterized in that: The core processing unit is the core of the controller, integrating a high-performance microprocessor and equipped with a real-time operating system; it has a built-in algorithm library to support real-time data acquisition, processing, storage, control decision-making and multi-task scheduling; The multi-sensor interface module dynamically matches the sensor type, collects analog signals of various sensors on site in real time, and automatically loads the preset calibration curve; at the same time, it integrates a switchable sensor interface module, which is compatible with analog signals and digital signals, and uses TVS diodes and self-recovery fuses to achieve sensor hot-swap protection; The communication module supports wireless and wired communications, realizing remote data transmission, equipment status monitoring, remote maintenance and OTA upgrades; The remote maintenance module builds a two-way communication link based on the cloud platform, supports 4G / 5G and LoRa dual-mode transmission, and integrates encryption protocols to ensure data security; Remote firmware upgrades, fault diagnosis and parameter configuration can be achieved, and users can monitor the device status in real time through the mobile APP or Web terminal; The power management module adopts dual-mode power supply. In portable mode, it is powered by two lithium batteries with a buck-boost chip. In fixed mode, it is connected to 12-24V AC power through a voltage regulator, and the output noise is <10μV RMS.

2. A multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core processing unit: In terms of data acquisition, the core processing unit can work with the multi-sensor interface module to accurately obtain analog or digital signals from various sensors; for the collected data, the calibration calculation program will be immediately started to correct the data errors according to the calibration algorithm in the built-in algorithm library; During data processing, the core processing unit will use various algorithms in the algorithm library to extract valuable information; the processed data will be stored in the internal storage area; In terms of control decision-making, the core processing unit will generate corresponding control instructions based on the processed data, combined with preset rules and algorithms; these instructions will be sent to the relevant actuators; at the same time, the core processing unit also supports multi-task scheduling, which enables tasks such as data acquisition, calibration calculation and communication to be processed synchronously and in parallel.

3. A multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-sensor interface module is implemented by identifying the electrical characteristics and communication protocols of the sensor when it is connected. Once the sensor type is identified, the module will automatically load the corresponding preset calibration curve; In terms of signal acquisition, for analog signal sensors, the interface module uses a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion chip to convert 0-5V or 4-20mA analog signals into digital signals; the analog-to-digital conversion chip samples the analog signal at a certain sampling frequency, converts the sampled value into a digital code, and transmits it to the core processing unit; for digital signal sensors, the interface module communicates with the sensor through an I²C or RS-485 interface, and follows the corresponding communication protocol to read the digital data output by the sensor; The multi-sensor interface module uses a protection circuit consisting of a TVS diode and a resettable fuse. When the sensor is hot-plugged, the TVS diode will respond quickly to clamp the instantaneous overvoltage within a safe range. The resettable fuse will automatically blow when the current is too large, limiting the current and protecting the sensor and interface module. When the fault is eliminated, the resettable fuse will automatically return to the conductive state.

4. A multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters according to claim 3, characterized in that: The communication module: In terms of wireless communication, the Wi-Fi module establishes a connection with a wireless router and follows the IEEE802.11 standard protocol for data transmission. It automatically searches for surrounding Wi-Fi signals and selects a suitable network for connection based on signal strength and security. After the connection is successful, the data inside the controller is encapsulated into data packets through the TCP / IP protocol and sent to other devices in the local area network or to the wide area network through a gateway. The Bluetooth module uses the Bluetooth protocol stack to communicate with nearby Bluetooth devices. When the target device is searched, pairing and connection operations are performed to establish a data transmission channel. The 4G / 5G module establishes a connection with the operator's base station to achieve data transmission in the wide area network. The module has a built-in communication chip and modem, which will automatically search for available network signals and perform registration and authentication operations. After the connection is successful, the corresponding 4G / 5G communication protocol is followed to transmit data to the remote server at a high rate or receive instructions from the server. In terms of wired communication, the communication module is connected to the wired network through the Ethernet interface. The Ethernet interface follows the IEEE802.3 standard protocol and connects the controller to the switch or router in the local area network through a network cable. During data transmission, the data will be encapsulated into Ethernet frames and transmitted to the target device through physical layer signals.

5. A multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The communication module also supports remote maintenance and OTA upgrade functions. It establishes a secure communication channel with the remote server and receives the firmware upgrade package and configuration parameters sent by the server. After receiving the upgrade package, it will perform an integrity check on it and then write the upgrade package to the storage area of ​​the controller to complete the firmware upgrade operation.

6. A multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two-way communication link constructed by the remote maintenance module based on the cloud platform is realized by deploying an MQTT server on the cloud platform and an MQTT client on the controller side; the controller, as a client, will actively connect to the MQTT server of the cloud platform and subscribe to the corresponding topic. When data needs to be sent to the cloud platform, the client will encapsulate the data into an MQTT message and publish it to the server according to the topic; the cloud platform can push the message to the corresponding monitoring terminal or application according to the subscription relationship. At the same time, the cloud platform can also send control instructions and configuration information to the client, and the client will receive and process these messages in real time.

7. A multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters according to claim 6, characterized in that: In terms of transmission mode, the remote maintenance module supports 4G / 5G and LoRa dual-mode transmission. The 4G / 5G network is suitable for scenarios with high real-time requirements and large data volume, while the LoRa network is suitable for scenarios with low power consumption, long distance and small data volume. The module will automatically select the appropriate transmission mode according to actual needs.

8. A multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters according to claim 7, characterized in that: The remote maintenance module integrates an encryption protocol. Before data transmission, the data will be encrypted using a symmetric encryption algorithm, and the encryption key will be securely exchanged between the device and the cloud platform. At the receiving end, the same key will be used to decrypt the data to ensure that only authorized users and devices can access and process the data.

9. A multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the power management module is in portable mode, the buck-boost chip will monitor the battery voltage changes in real time. When the battery voltage is higher or lower than the operating voltage required by the controller, the buck-boost chip will automatically adjust the output voltage. The buck-boost chip adopts efficient switching power supply technology to efficiently convert the battery energy into the electrical energy required by the controller.

10. A multifunctional intelligent controller based on real-time parameters according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the power management module is in fixed mode, the voltage regulator will rectify, filter and stabilize the input AC power. First, the AC power is converted into DC power through the rectification circuit, and then the ripple and noise in the DC voltage are removed through the filtering circuit. Finally, the voltage is stabilized within the operating voltage range required by the controller through the voltage stabilization circuit, and the output noise is less than 10μVRMS of pure power.

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