A device and method for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of treatment of tail gas from oil residue ammonia production, and specifically to a tail gas treatment device and method for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production, comprising a base, a large particle filter unit fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base, a heat exchange component fixedly mounted on one side of the large particle filter unit, a spray purification component fixedly mounted on one side of the heat exchange component, a purified gas delivery pipe fixedly mounted on the upper side of the spray purification component, a gas delivery port of the spray purification component fixedly connected to the heat exchange component, and a hydrogen extraction component fixedly mounted on the discharge port of the heat exchange component; the present invention drives a lifting screw to rotate by driving the output end of a motor, and the lifting screw drives a sleeve to move, compresses the injected gas to reach a predetermined pressure, and performs permeability extraction of the gas containing hydrogen through a polyimide membrane, thereby achieving the extraction of hydrogen from the tail gas and avoiding the problem of waste of resources caused by direct emission of hydrogen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of treatment of tail gas from oil residue ammonia production, in particular to a device and a method for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production. Background Art

[0002] Oil residue (typically referring to heavy residues from petroleum processing, such as vacuum residue and catalytic cracking slurry) can be used to produce synthetic ammonia through processes such as gasification or cracking. This process generates a large amount of tail gas, which contains a variety of gas components. Direct discharge without effective treatment will have a certain impact on the environment. Therefore, tail gas treatment equipment is required to ensure that the tail gas meets standards before discharge.

[0003] Hydrogen accounts for more than half of the tail gas produced by ammonia production. Currently, the tail gas is basically discharged directly after being reduced to below the explosion limit. Chinese utility model patent CN222173610U discloses a hydrogen-containing tail gas treatment device, including a reactor, a spray tower, an induced draft fan and an exhaust pipe. An induced draft port and an air blower are provided on one side of the top of the reactor, an air outlet is provided on the top of the spray tower, an air inlet is provided on the side wall of the spray tower, the air blower is connected to the atmosphere, the induced draft port is connected to the air inlet pipeline, the air outlet is connected to the induced draft fan pipeline, and the induced draft fan is connected to the exhaust pipe. The hydrogen-containing tail gas treatment device of the utility model can achieve direct discharge treatment of the hydrogen-containing tail gas by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan so that the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen-containing tail gas is below 25% of the lower limit of the hydrogen explosion concentration, which is conducive to rising.

[0004] Although the above technical solution can effectively control the concentration of hydrogen in the tail gas, reduce its explosion risk, and realize direct discharge treatment, it has certain limitations. Hydrogen, as a high-value energy gas, has good flammability and high recycling potential. If it is only treated by dilution and discharge, it will not only cause a waste of resources, but also fail to achieve the comprehensive utilization of hydrogen. At the same time, direct discharge of hydrogen at a certain concentration still poses a safety hazard and cannot meet the higher requirements for resource utilization, low carbonization and safety treatment of tail gas. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tail gas treatment technology that can not only ensure emission safety but also efficiently recover hydrogen resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a device for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production, comprising a base, a large particle filter unit fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base, a heat exchange assembly fixedly mounted on one side of the large particle filter unit, a spray purification assembly fixedly mounted on one side of the heat exchange assembly, two groups of heat exchange tubes provided in the heat exchange assembly, an output port of the large particle filter unit connected in series with a group of heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange assembly and then connected to an input port of the spray purification assembly, and an output port of the spray purification assembly connected in series with another group of heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange assembly and then connected to a hydrogen extraction assembly;

[0007] The hydrogen extraction component includes a hydrogen extraction tank, a hydrogen delivery pipe for connecting to a heat exchange component is fixedly installed at the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank, a membrane group box is fixedly installed on the upper part of the hydrogen extraction tank, two driving rollers are rotatably installed in the membrane group box, and polyimide membranes are wrapped around the two driving rollers. Membrane ports are opened on both sides of the hydrogen extraction tank, and the polyimide membrane passes through the membrane ports and is located in the hydrogen extraction tank. A booster unit is installed at the bottom of the hydrogen extraction tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the boosting unit includes a boosting piston, which is slidably installed in the hydrogen extraction tank. A sleeve is fixedly installed on the lower side of the boosting piston, and a lifting screw is threadedly connected to the sleeve. A bracket is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, and the top of the bracket is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hydrogen extraction tank. A limiting rod is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, and the boosting piston is slidably connected to the limiting rod.

[0009] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the top of the limit rod, a drive motor is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, and the output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting screw.

[0010] Furthermore, a hydrogen pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side of the hydrogen extraction tank, a hydrogen valve is installed on the hydrogen pipe, an exhaust pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank, an exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust pipe, a hydrogen flame arrester is fixedly installed on one end of the exhaust pipe, and a first-level hydrogen sensor and a second-level hydrogen sensor are installed in the hydrogen extraction tank, and the first-level hydrogen sensor and the second-level hydrogen sensor are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the membrane group box.

[0011] Furthermore, two membrane changing motors are fixedly installed on one side of the membrane group box, and the output ends of the two membrane changing motors are fixedly connected to one end of two driving rollers respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchange box, in which an air intake heat exchange pipe is fixedly installed, one end of the air intake heat exchange pipe extends to the outside of the heat exchange box and is fixedly connected to the large particle filter unit, the other end of the air intake heat exchange pipe is fixedly connected to a boost pipe, the boost pipe extends to the outside of the heat exchange box and is fixedly connected to the spray purification assembly, a diverter pipe is installed on the top of the heat exchange box, a plurality of purified gas heat exchange pipes are installed on the lower side of the diverter pipe, a collecting pipe is installed at the bottom of the heat exchange box, the bottoms of the plurality of purified gas heat exchange pipes are connected to the collecting pipe, a purified gas delivery pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side of the diverter pipe, the other end of the purified gas delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the output port of the spray purification assembly, and one side of the diverter pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the hydrogen delivery pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the spray purification assembly includes a spray tower, which is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, the top of the spray tower is fixedly connected to the input port of the hydrogen delivery pipe, the input port of the spray tower is installed with a small particle filter unit, and a sewage pipe is fixedly installed on the lower side of the spray tower, and a sewage valve is installed on the sewage pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the small particle filtration unit includes a spray delivery pipe, one end of the spray delivery pipe is connected to the input port of the spray tower, and the other end is fixedly installed with a filter box, and the filter box is sequentially arranged with a first-stage filter plate, a second-stage filter plate and a third-stage filter plate along the air flow direction. A filter delivery pipe is fixedly installed on the air inlet side of the filter box, and the other end of the filter delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the boost pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the large particle filtration unit includes a particle capture box, a particle capture net is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the particle capture box, one side of the particle capture box is fixedly connected to the input port of the intake heat exchange pipe, and the other side of the particle capture box is fixedly installed with the intake pipe.

[0016] A tail gas treatment method for the above-mentioned oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment device comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. The tail gas generated by the ammonia production from oil residue is input into the large particle filter unit. The tail gas undergoes preliminary filtration through the large particle filter unit and then passes through the heat exchange component for cooling. The cooled tail gas passes through the spray purification component to absorb the soluble components in the tail gas. After the purification is completed, the gas containing hydrogen enters the heat exchange component again for heating;

[0018] S2. When the gas containing hydrogen enters the hydrogen extraction tank, the gas is pressurized by the booster unit, and the hydrogen passes through the polyimide membrane and enters the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank, while the remaining impurity gases remain in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank;

[0019] S3. The hydrogen in the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank is sent to the hydrogen storage tank for storage, and the gas in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank is discharged.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The output end of the driving motor drives the lifting screw to rotate, the lifting screw drives the sleeve to move, the sleeve drives the booster piston to move and under the limiting action of the limit rod, the booster piston moves upward along the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank, compressing the filled gas to reach a predetermined pressure and performing permeation extraction of the gas containing hydrogen through the polyimide membrane, thereby achieving the purpose of extracting hydrogen from the exhaust gas and avoiding the problem of waste of resources caused by direct emission of hydrogen.

[0022] 2. The spray tower sprays purified water through the spray head inside the spray tower to absorb water-soluble gases such as ammonia in the gas. After purification, the gas containing hydrogen enters the diversion pipe through the purified gas delivery pipe, and enters the heat exchange box through multiple purified gas heat exchange pipes on the lower side of the diversion pipe. The gas is heated by the hot water in the heat exchange box, achieving the reuse of the exhaust gas heat, increasing the hydrogen extraction efficiency and improving the environmental friendliness of the equipment.

[0023] 3. The output ends of the two membrane-changing motors simultaneously drive the corresponding drive rollers to move. The two drive rollers drive the same polyimide membrane to move, so that the polyimide membrane area that does not participate in the osmotic extraction moves to the inside of the hydrogen extraction tank, achieving the effect of rapid replacement of the polyimide membrane and ensuring the efficiency of hydrogen extraction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle A area;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the membrane module box of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the hydrogen extraction tank in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the polyimide film and its related structures in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange component in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the spray tower and its related structures in the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. base; 2. particle capture box; 3. heat exchange box; 4. spray tower; 5. hydrogen extraction tank; 6. air inlet pipe; 7. particle capture net; 8. air inlet heat exchange pipe; 9. booster pipe; 10. membrane module box; 11. filter box; 12. primary filter plate; 13. secondary filter plate; 14. tertiary filter plate; 15. spray delivery pipe; 16. filter delivery pipe; 17. drive motor; 18. bracket; 19. casing; 20. lifting screw; 21. booster piston ; 22. Primary hydrogen sensor; 23. Polyimide membrane; 24. Membrane replacement motor; 25. Diverter pipe; 26. Purified gas delivery pipe; 27. Purified gas heat exchange pipe; 28. Collecting pipe; 29. ​​Hydrogen delivery pipe; 30. Pressure sensor; 31. Sewage pipe; 32. Sewage valve; 33. Limit rod; 34. Exhaust valve; 35. Hydrogen flame arrester; 36. Exhaust pipe; 37. Hydrogen pipe; 38. Hydrogen valve; 39. Drive roller; 40. Secondary hydrogen sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, people familiar with the art should understand that the detailed description given here in conjunction with the drawings is for better explanation, and the structure of the present invention necessarily exceeds these limited embodiments. For some equivalent replacement solutions or common means, they will not be described in detail herein, but they still fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] Figures 1 to 8 The best embodiment of the present invention is shown below in conjunction with the attached Figures 1 to 8 The present invention is further described.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a device for treating tail gas from oil residue to ammonia production comprises a base 1, a large particle filter unit is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base 1, a heat exchange component is fixedly mounted on one side of the large particle filter unit, a spray purification component is fixedly mounted on one side of the heat exchange component, two groups of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchange component, the output port of the large particle filter unit is connected in series with a group of heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange component and then connected to the input port of the spray purification component, the output port of the spray purification component is connected in series with another group of heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange component and then connected to a hydrogen extraction component.

[0037] The hydrogen extraction component includes a hydrogen extraction tank 5, a hydrogen delivery pipe 29 for connecting to the heat exchange component is fixedly installed at the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, a membrane assembly box 10 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper part of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, and a seal is set between the membrane assembly box 10 and the hydrogen extraction tank 5. Two drive rollers 39 are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the membrane assembly box 10 through bearings. Both drive rollers 39 are wrapped with a polyimide film 23. Membrane ports are opened on both sides of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The membrane ports are located in the membrane assembly box 10. The polyimide membrane 23 passes through the membrane port and runs through the hydrogen extraction tank 5. A booster unit is installed at the bottom of the hydrogen extraction tank 5.

[0038] It should be noted that the gas leakage from the membrane outlet can be ignored because the membrane outlet presses the polyimide membrane 23. Furthermore, since the membrane assembly box 10 is a closed box, even if leakage occurs from the membrane outlet, it will not affect the entire working process.

[0039] With the above structure, a large particle filter unit, a heat exchange component, a spray purification component and a hydrogen extraction component are sequentially installed on the upper side of the base 1. When the tail gas generated by the ammonia production from oil residue enters the device, the large particle impurities in the gas are first preliminarily filtered by the large particle filter unit. The filtered gas passes through the heat exchange component to reduce the gas temperature, and then enters the spray purification component to remove ammonia and other water-soluble gases in the gas. The gas containing hydrogen is then heated again by the heat exchange component to increase its activity, and then enters the hydrogen extraction component for hydrogen purification. The hydrogen extraction tank 5 is divided into two upper and lower areas by the membrane port. The upper area is smaller than the lower area. The hydrogen delivery pipe 29 is installed in the lower area, and a one-way valve is installed on it. The direction of the one-way valve is from the outside to the hydrogen extraction tank 5, the polyimide membrane 23 is an existing material, which can screen and purify hydrogen by pressurizing the gas. No further details will be given here. The polyimide membrane 23 passes through the hydrogen extraction tank 5 through the membrane port and is used to purify the hydrogen in the gas on the lower side of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The two driving rollers 39 are of the same size and symmetrically installed on both sides of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. One of the driving rollers 39 is wrapped with an unused polyimide membrane 23, and the other is used to collect the used polyimide membrane 23. When the gas enters the lower area of ​​the hydrogen extraction tank 5, the gas on the lower side is pressurized by the pressurizing unit. The pressurized gas then passes through the polyimide membrane 23 to extract hydrogen. The extracted hydrogen enters the upper side of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, thereby completing the extraction of hydrogen from the gas.

[0040] In this embodiment, the polyimide membrane 23 may be a chemically cross-linked polyimide hydrogen separation membrane with carboxyl groups disclosed in invention patent application CN113578076A.

[0041] Furthermore, the boosting unit includes a boosting piston 21, which is slidably mounted in the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The boosting piston 21 is located at the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. A sleeve 19 is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the boosting piston 21, and a lifting screw 20 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 19. A bracket 18 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base 1, and the top of the bracket 18 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. A limit rod 33 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base 1, and the limit rod 33 extends into the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The boosting piston 21 and the limit rod 33 are slidably connected. The limit rod 33 can limit the boosting piston 21 to prevent the boosting piston 21 from rotating. In this embodiment, the top dead center of the stroke of the boosting piston 21 is set below the hydrogen delivery pipe 29 to prevent the gas in the hydrogen delivery pipe 29 from being discharged into the atmosphere through the bottom of the hydrogen extraction tank 5.

[0042] With the above structure, the booster piston 21 is fitted to the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, and a rubber ring is provided in its contact area to improve the airtightness. The limit rod 33 passes through the booster piston 21 and is slidably connected to it. The sliding area is also sealed to ensure airtightness. The height of the limit rod 33 is greater than the highest position of the booster piston 21, which is convenient for limiting the booster piston 21. The lifting screw 20 drives the sleeve 19 to move, and the sleeve 19 drives the booster piston 21 to move and under the limiting action of the limit rod 33, the booster piston 21 moves upward along the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, compressing the filled gas to increase its pressure.

[0043] Furthermore, a pressure sensor 30 is fixedly mounted on the top of the limiting rod 33 , a driving motor 17 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base 1 , and an output end of the driving motor 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting screw 20 .

[0044] With the above structure, the pressure sensor 30 is installed in the highest position area that the booster piston 21 can move to, and is used to monitor the gas pressure. The drive motor 17 is a servo motor, which can drive the lifting screw 20 to continuously apply pressure to the gas. By setting the pressure threshold of the pressure sensor 30, when the pressure is lower than the threshold, the output end of the drive motor 17 will drive the lifting screw rod to rotate, pressurize the gas, so that it maintains a constant pressure during hydrogen extraction to ensure penetration efficiency.

[0045] Furthermore, a hydrogen pipe 37 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, with a hydrogen valve 38 mounted on the hydrogen pipe 37. An exhaust pipe 36 is fixedly mounted on one side of the lower portion of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, with an exhaust valve 34 mounted on the exhaust pipe 36. A hydrogen flame arrester 35 is fixedly mounted on one end of the exhaust pipe 36. A primary hydrogen sensor 22 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank 5 and is electrically connected to the exhaust valve 34. A secondary hydrogen sensor 40 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank 5 and is electrically connected to the hydrogen valve 38. The primary hydrogen sensor 22 is located on the lower side of the membrane module box 10, and the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 is located on the upper side of the membrane module box 10. In this embodiment, the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 is located at the top of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The hydrogen sensor is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen.

[0046] With the above-described structure, both the primary hydrogen sensor 22 and the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 are conventional technologies and can monitor the hydrogen content per unit volume of gas. In this device, the primary hydrogen sensor 22 detects the hydrogen concentration of the extracted gas, while the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 detects the concentration of the extracted hydrogen area. In this device, the primary hydrogen sensor 22 is provided to detect the hydrogen concentration in the gas below the hydrogen extraction tank 5. Only when the hydrogen concentration falls below the explosion limit can the exhaust valve 34 be opened to discharge the gas below the hydrogen extraction tank 5. The discharged gas is then discharged after treatment. In this embodiment, the waste gas discharged from the hydrogen extraction tank 5 is primarily incinerated. The secondary hydrogen sensor 40 is primarily used to detect the hydrogen concentration in the upper portion of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, that is, to detect the concentration of the extracted hydrogen. Once the hydrogen concentration in the upper portion reaches the required concentration, the hydrogen valve 38 is opened and the hydrogen meeting the concentration requirement is transported to the hydrogen collection mechanism via the hydrogen pipe 37, completing the extraction and collection of the hydrogen. In this embodiment, the hydrogen collecting mechanism may be a hydrogen storage tank, and a hydrogen compressor is provided between the hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen pipe 37 .

[0047] It should be noted that before work begins, a certain amount of hydrogen needs to be stored in the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank 5. This can prevent air from entering the hydrogen extraction tank 5, and the upper hydrogen can also occupy a certain space to discharge the air in the upper space and ensure the concentration of hydrogen in the upper space.

[0048] Furthermore, two film-changing motors 24 are fixedly mounted on one side of the film assembly box 10. The output ends of the two film-changing motors 24 are fixedly connected to one end of two drive rollers 39. Alternatively, a film-changing motor 24 can be installed only on the winding drive roller 39, and a damper can be installed on the unwinding drive roller 39. The advantage of having two film-changing motors 24 is that the tension of the polyimide film 23 can be adjusted, allowing the polyimide film 23 to be loosened or tightened as needed.

[0049] With the above structure, the film-changing motor 24 can brake the two driving rollers 39 when it is not driving to prevent the two driving rollers 39 from rotating on their own, thereby ensuring that the polyimide film 23 will not move due to pressure problems when it is working. When the two film-changing motors 24 are working, they will rotate synchronously in one direction to replace the polyimide film 23.

[0050] Furthermore, the heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchange box 3, in which an intake heat exchange pipe 8 is fixedly installed, one end of the intake heat exchange pipe 8 extends to the outside of the heat exchange box 3 and is fixedly connected to the output port of the large particle filter unit, and the other end of the intake heat exchange pipe 8 is fixedly connected to a boost pipe 9, which extends to the outside of the heat exchange box 3 and is fixedly connected to the input port of the spray purification assembly, wherein the inner diameter of the boost pipe 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the intake heat exchange pipe 8, a diverter pipe 25 is installed on the top of the heat exchange box 3, and a plurality of purified gas heat exchange pipes 27 are installed on the lower side of the diverter pipe 25, and a collecting pipe 28 is installed at the bottom of the heat exchange box 3, and the bottom ends of multiple purified gas heat exchange pipes 27 are connected to the collecting pipe 28 at the same time, and a purified gas delivery pipe 26 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the diverter pipe 25, and the other end of the purified gas delivery pipe 26 is fixedly connected to the output port of the spray purification assembly, and the side of the collecting pipe 28 is fixedly connected to one end of the hydrogen delivery pipe 29.

[0051] The intake air heat exchange tube 8 and the boost tube 9 are combined into one group of heat exchange tubes, while the branch tube 25, the purified gas heat exchange tube 27 and the collecting tube 28 are combined into another group of heat exchange tubes.

[0052] Furthermore, the heat exchange box 3 is filled with constant temperature water, which can both cool the gas after large particle filtration and heat the gas after spray adsorption. To ensure a constant temperature of the gas in the heat exchange box 3, a constant temperature water tank can be connected to the heat exchange box 3, and a circulation pump can be installed between the constant temperature water tank and the heat exchange box 3 to ensure a constant temperature of the water in the heat exchange box 3.

[0053] By means of the above structure, the air intake heat exchange pipe 8 in the heat exchange box 3 is S-shaped, which is used to increase its heat exchange area. One end of the heat exchange pipe is connected to the output port of the large particle filter unit, and the boost pipe 9 installed at the other end has a diameter smaller than the radius of the air intake heat exchange pipe 8, which can increase the flow rate of the gas, ensure its initial velocity entering the small particle filter unit, and improve the filtration rate. The splitter pipe 25 is installed on the upper side of the heat exchange box 3, and the collecting pipe 28 is installed on the lower side. There are purified gas heat exchange pipes 27 arranged at equal intervals between them. The purified gas heat exchange pipes 27 are inserted between the air intake heat exchange pipes 8 to facilitate the improvement of the two types of heat exchange pipes. To improve the heat exchange efficiency of the gas, a one-way valve is installed on the purified gas delivery pipe 26 installed on the upper side of the manifold 28. Its direction is from the spray purification component to the manifold 28. The filtered gas enters the heat exchange box 3 through the air intake heat exchange pipe 8, and the gas is subjected to heat exchange and cooling treatment by the hot water in the heat exchange box 3. After purification, the gas containing hydrogen enters the diversion pipe 25 through the purified gas delivery pipe 26, and enters the heat exchange box 3 through the multiple purified gas heat exchange pipes 27 on the lower side of the diversion pipe 25. The gas is heated by the hot water containing heat after heat exchange in the heat exchange box 3 to increase its activity.

[0054] Furthermore, the spray purification component includes a spray tower 4, which is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base 1, the top of the spray tower 4 is fixedly connected to the input end of the hydrogen delivery pipe 29, a small particle filter unit is installed at the air inlet end of the spray tower 4, and a sewage pipe 31 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the spray tower 4, and a sewage valve 32 is installed on the sewage pipe 31.

[0055] With the above structure, the spray tower 4 is an existing technology. It can spray purified water through the spray head in the spray tower 4 to absorb water-soluble gases such as ammonia in the gas. A sewage pipe 31 is also installed at the bottom of the spray tower 4. When in use, it needs to be connected to an external sewage treatment equipment for discharging sewage.

[0056] Furthermore, the small particle filtration unit includes a spray delivery pipe 15, the output end of which is connected to the air inlet end of the spray tower 4. A filter box 11 is fixedly installed at the input end of the spray delivery pipe 15. A primary filter plate 12, a secondary filter plate 13, and a tertiary filter plate 14 are sequentially arranged in the filter box 11 along the gas flow direction. The primary filter plate 12, the secondary filter plate 13, and the tertiary filter plate 14 are all slidably connected to the filter box 11 to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of each filter plate. A filter delivery pipe 16 is fixedly installed on the air inlet side of the filter box 11, and the other end of the filter delivery pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the output pipe of the boost pipe 9. In this embodiment, the gas fed into the filter box 11 by the filter delivery pipe 16 passes through the primary filter plate 12, the secondary filter plate 13, and the tertiary filter plate 14 in sequence, and is then fed into the spray tower 4 through the spray delivery pipe 15.

[0057] With the above structure, a one-way valve is installed on the spray delivery pipe 15, and its direction is from the filter box 11 to the spray tower 4 to prevent gas backflow. The filter box 11 is sequentially installed with a first-level filter plate 12, a second-level filter plate 13, and a third-level filter plate 14. The filter hole radius of the filter screen decreases successively, which is convenient for step-by-step filtration to improve the filtration rate. The filter plate is made of corrosion-resistant material, such as a ceramic filter plate, to prevent corrosion caused by gas and improve service life.

[0058] Furthermore, the large particle filtration unit includes a particle capture box 2, with a particle capture net 7 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the particle capture box 2. One side of the particle capture box 2 is fixedly connected to the input end of the intake heat exchange pipe 8, and the other side of the particle capture box 2 is fixedly mounted to the intake pipe 6. In this embodiment, the particle capture net 7 is tilted gradually upward along the direction of the airflow. After filtering out large particles, the large particles roll down along the particle capture net 7 and eventually roll to the bottom of the particle capture box 2, thereby avoiding interference with the continuous filtration of the gas.

[0059] Working principle: When the device is in use, first inject a sufficient amount of hot water into the heat exchange box 3, then connect the sewage pipe 31 at the bottom of the spray tower 4 to the sewage treatment equipment, and then connect the hydrogen pipe 37 to the hydrogen collection equipment, such as connecting the hydrogen compressor and hydrogen storage tank in sequence to complete the preliminary preparations.

[0060] The tail gas produced by the ammonia production from oil residue is transported to the particle capture box 2 through the intake pipe 6 by the supercharger. The tail gas first passes through the particle capture net 7 to capture large particulate impurities in the tail gas for initial filtration. The filtered gas enters the heat exchange box 3 through the intake heat exchange pipe 8. The gas is heat-exchanged and cooled by the hot water in the heat exchange box 3 to prevent gasification after entering the spray tower 4. The heat-exchanged gas then passes through the booster pipe 9 to increase the flow rate of the gas and is transported to the filter box 11 through the filter delivery pipe 16. The small particulate impurities in the gas are filtered in three stages through the first filter plate 12, the second filter plate 13 and the third filter plate 14 in the filter box 11 in turn. After the filtration is completed, it is transported to the spray tower 4 through the spray delivery pipe 15. The spray tower 4 is started, and purified water is sprayed through the spray head in the spray tower 4 to absorb the ammonia and water-soluble gases in the gas. After purification, the gas containing hydrogen enters the diversion pipe 25 through the purified gas delivery pipe 26, and enters the heat exchange box 3 through the multiple purified gas heat exchange pipes 27 on the lower side of the diversion pipe 25. The gas is heated by the constant temperature water in the heat exchange box 3 to ensure the temperature of the gas. The gas is concentrated through the collecting pipe 28 and delivered to the hydrogen extraction tank 5 through the hydrogen delivery pipe 29.

[0061] After the gas enters the hydrogen extraction tank 5, it is located between the polyimide membrane 23 and the boosting piston 21. At this time, the drive motor 17 is started, and the output end of the drive motor 17 drives the lifting screw 20 to rotate, and the lifting screw 20 drives the sleeve 19 to move. The sleeve 19 drives the boosting piston 21 to move and under the limiting action of the limit rod 33, the boosting piston 21 moves upward along the inner wall of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, compressing the filled gas, and detecting the pressure in the hydrogen extraction tank 5 through the pressure sensor 30. When the pressure reaches the set pressure value, the boosting is stopped. The pressure sensor 30 cooperates with the drive motor 17 to ensure that the pressure in the hydrogen extraction tank 5 is stable. When the polyimide membrane 23 selectively permeates and filters the hydrogen, the hydrogen enters the upper area of ​​the hydrogen extraction tank 5. At this time, the gas pressure decreases, and the drive motor 17 is started again to maintain the pressure of the permeated gas.

[0062] During the hydrogen extraction process, the primary hydrogen sensor 22 detects the hydrogen concentration of the extracted gas, and the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 detects the concentration of the extracted hydrogen area. When the detection value of the primary hydrogen sensor 22 reaches the set concentration, the exhaust valve 34 is opened, and the exhaust pipe 36 discharges the gas with low hydrogen content after filtration and discharges it after treatment. When the secondary hydrogen sensor 40 reaches the set concentration value, the hydrogen valve 38 is opened to transport the extracted high-purity hydrogen through the hydrogen pipe 37 to the hydrogen collection mechanism, completing the extraction and collection of hydrogen.

[0063] During the hydrogen extraction process, if the extraction time is prolonged and the extraction efficiency is reduced, the two membrane-changing motors 24 are started at the same time, and the output ends of the two membrane-changing motors 24 simultaneously drive the corresponding drive rollers 39 to move. One of the drive rollers 39 releases a new polyimide film 23, and the other drive roller 39 rewinds the used polyimide film 23, so that the area of ​​the polyimide film 23 that does not participate in the osmotic extraction is moved to the inside of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly replacing the polyimide film 23 and ensuring the efficiency of hydrogen extraction.

[0064] The present invention also provides a method for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production, comprising the following specific steps:

[0065] S1. The tail gas generated by the ammonia production from oil residue is input into the large particle filter unit. The tail gas undergoes preliminary filtration through the large particle filter unit and then passes through the heat exchange component for cooling. The cooled tail gas passes through the spray purification component to absorb the soluble components in the tail gas. After the purification is completed, the gas containing hydrogen enters the heat exchange component again for heating;

[0066] S2. After the gas containing hydrogen enters the hydrogen extraction tank 5, the gas is pressurized by the pressurizing unit, and the hydrogen passes through the polyimide membrane 23 and enters the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank 5, while the remaining impurity gases remain in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank 5;

[0067] S3. The hydrogen in the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank 5 is sent to the hydrogen storage tank for storage, and the gas in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank 5 is discharged.

[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other manner. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the above-disclosed technical content to modify or modify the present invention into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments that do not depart from the technical content of the present invention and are based on the technical essence of the present invention remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A large particle filter unit is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base (1), a heat exchange component is fixedly mounted on one side of the large particle filter unit, a spray purification component is fixedly mounted on one side of the heat exchange component, two groups of heat exchange pipes are arranged in the heat exchange component, the output port of the large particle filter unit is connected in series with a group of heat exchange pipes of the heat exchange component and then communicated with the input port of the spray purification component, the output port of the spray purification component is connected in series with another group of heat exchange pipes of the heat exchange component and then connected to the hydrogen extraction component; The hydrogen extraction component comprises a hydrogen extraction tank (5), a hydrogen delivery pipe (29) for connecting to a heat exchange component is fixedly installed at the lower part of the hydrogen extraction tank (5), a membrane assembly box (10) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the hydrogen extraction tank (5), two driving rollers (39) are rotatably installed in the membrane assembly box (10), and polyimide membranes (23) are wrapped around the two driving rollers (39). Both sides of the hydrogen extraction tank (5) are provided with membrane openings, and the polyimide membranes (23) pass through the membrane openings and are located in the hydrogen extraction tank (5). A boosting unit is installed at the bottom of the hydrogen extraction tank (5).

2. The device for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boosting unit includes a boosting piston (21), which is slidably mounted in a hydrogen extraction tank (5), a sleeve (19) is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the boosting piston (21), and a lifting screw (20) is threadedly connected to the sleeve (19), a bracket (18) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base (1), and the top of the bracket (18) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hydrogen extraction tank (5), a limiting rod (33) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base (1), and the boosting piston (21) is slidably connected to the limiting rod (33).

3. The device for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (30) is fixedly mounted on the top of the limiting rod (33), a driving motor (17) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base (1), and an output end of the driving motor (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting screw (20).

4. The device for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrogen pipe (37) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the hydrogen extraction tank (5), and a hydrogen valve (38) is mounted on the hydrogen pipe (37). An exhaust pipe (36) is fixedly mounted on one side of the lower portion of the hydrogen extraction tank (5), and an exhaust valve (34) is mounted on the exhaust pipe (36). A hydrogen flame arrester (35) is fixedly mounted on one end of the exhaust pipe (36). A primary hydrogen sensor (22) and a secondary hydrogen sensor (40) are mounted in the hydrogen extraction tank (5), and the primary hydrogen sensor (22) and the secondary hydrogen sensor (40) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the membrane module box (10).

5. The device for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two membrane changing motors (24) are fixedly mounted on one side of the membrane group box (10), and the output ends of the two membrane changing motors (24) are fixedly connected to one end of two driving rollers (39), respectively.

6. The device for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly comprises a heat exchange box (3), an air intake heat exchange pipe (8) is fixedly installed in the heat exchange box (3), one end of the air intake heat exchange pipe (8) extends to the outside of the heat exchange box (3) and is fixedly connected to the large particle filter unit, the other end of the air intake heat exchange pipe (8) is fixedly connected to a boost pipe (9), the boost pipe (9) extends to the outside of the heat exchange box (3) and is fixedly connected to the spray purification assembly, a diverter pipe (25) is installed on the top of the heat exchange box (3), the diverter pipe ( A plurality of purified gas heat exchange pipes (27) are installed on the lower side of the diverter pipe (25), a collecting pipe (28) is installed on the bottom of the heat exchange box (3), and the bottoms of the plurality of purified gas heat exchange pipes (27) are connected to the collecting pipe (28). A purified gas delivery pipe (26) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the diverter pipe (25), and the other end of the purified gas delivery pipe (26) is fixedly connected to the output port of the spray purification component, and one side of the diverter pipe (25) is fixedly connected to one end of the hydrogen delivery pipe (29).

7. The device for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spray purification assembly comprises a spray tower (4), wherein the spray tower (4) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base (1), the top of the spray tower (4) is fixedly connected to the input port of the hydrogen delivery pipe (29), a small particle filter unit is installed at the input port of the spray tower (4), and a sewage pipe (31) is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the spray tower (4), and a sewage valve (32) is installed on the sewage pipe (31).

8. The device for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production according to claim 7, characterized in that: The small particle filtration unit comprises a spray delivery pipe (15), one end of which is communicated with the input port of the spray tower (4), and the other end of which is fixedly mounted with a filter box (11), wherein a primary filter plate (12), a secondary filter plate (13) and a tertiary filter plate (14) are sequentially arranged in the filter box (11) along the air flow direction, and a filter delivery pipe (16) is fixedly mounted on the air inlet side of the filter box (11), and the other end of the filter delivery pipe (16) is fixedly connected to the output end of the boost pipe (9).

9. The device for treating tail gas from oil residue ammonia production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The large particle filtering unit comprises a particle capture box (2), a particle capture net (7) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the particle capture box (2), one side of the particle capture box (2) is fixedly connected to the input port of the intake heat exchange pipe (8), and the other side of the particle capture box (2) is fixedly mounted with an intake pipe (6).

10. A tail gas treatment method for a device for treating tail gas from oil residue to ammonia according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The tail gas generated by the ammonia production from oil residue is input into the large particle filter unit. The tail gas undergoes preliminary filtration through the large particle filter unit and then passes through the heat exchange component for cooling. The cooled tail gas passes through the spray purification component to absorb the soluble components in the tail gas. After the purification is completed, the gas containing hydrogen enters the heat exchange component again for heating; S2. After the gas containing hydrogen enters the hydrogen extraction tank (5), the gas is pressurized by the pressurizing unit, and the hydrogen passes through the polyimide membrane (23) and enters the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank (5), while the remaining impurity gases remain in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank (5); S3. The hydrogen in the upper space of the hydrogen extraction tank (5) is sent to the hydrogen storage tank for storage, and the gas in the lower space of the hydrogen extraction tank (5) is discharged.

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