Dual-platform online laser panel separation and plate placement machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of PCB board processing equipment, and discloses a dual-platform online laser panel separation and plate swinging integrated machine, comprising a frame body, wherein adjacent laser cutting chamber and plate swinging chamber are provided in the frame body, a first conveyor belt for feeding materials into the laser cutting chamber is fixedly provided on the side of the frame body, and further comprising: a second conveyor belt fixedly arranged in the frame body between the corresponding laser cutting chamber and the plate swinging chamber for transporting PCBs after laser panel separation; a third conveyor belt fixedly arranged in the frame body below the corresponding second conveyor belt and parallel to the second conveyor belt in the upper and lower directions; a fixed-surface falling structure and a stacked plate lifting structure are arranged on both sides of the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, wherein a plurality of groups of plate trays arranged in an upper and lower manner are stacked in the stacked plate lifting structure, so as to avoid efficiency loss caused by waiting for empty trays to return, and ensure continuous supply of plate trays through the coordinated operation of multiple components, significantly improve the efficiency of PCB panel separation and plate swinging, and reduce waiting time between working processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of PCB processing equipment, in particular to a dual-platform online laser panel separation and plate placement integrated machine. Background Art

[0002] In the modern electronics manufacturing industry, printed circuit boards (PCBs) are key, foundational components of electronic products. The precision and efficiency of their processing directly impact product quality and production efficiency. Laser depaneling technology, with its high-precision, non-contact processing characteristics, can avoid the stress damage and rough edges associated with traditional mechanical depaneling methods when cutting PCBs. This allows for precise segmentation of complex PCBs, aligning with the growing trend of miniaturization and refinement in electronic products. The process of arranging depaneled PCBs is a process that arranges them in an orderly manner, providing organized material preparation for subsequent assembly and testing processes, which is crucial for ensuring a smooth production process. With the accelerating pace of electronic product iteration and the increasing market demand for product quality, laser depaneling technology is becoming increasingly popular.

[0003] Traditional PCB depaneling and palletizing equipment often uses a combination of independent depaneling and palletizing machines. Manual transfer or complex connection mechanisms are required between the devices, increasing both labor and time costs. Taking the Zhimao GAM336AT depaneling machine as an example, although it has certain automated functions, such as automatic visual recognition of cutting paths and automated testing of discharging, in actual production, there are significant deficiencies in the connection between depaneling and palletizing. Depaneled PCBs must be transported to the palletizing station on pallets. After the palletizing operation is completed, the empty pallet must wait for the entire palletizing process to complete and return to its original path before it can be used again for depaneling. This single-cycle operation mode causes the depaneling process to be idle while waiting for the empty pallet to return, which not only lengthens the production cycle but also wastes equipment resources. Especially in large-scale production scenarios, frequent waiting processes seriously restrict the improvement of production efficiency and cannot meet the short delivery time and large-scale production requirements of electronic products. To this end, we have proposed a dual-platform online laser depaneling and palletizing all-in-one machine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a dual-platform online laser panel separation and plate placement integrated machine to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate swinging integrated machine, comprising a frame body, wherein the frame body is provided with adjacent laser cutting chamber and plate swinging chamber, and the frame body is provided with communicating rectangular grooves corresponding to the laser cutting chamber and the plate swinging chamber, and a first conveyor belt for feeding materials into the laser cutting chamber is fixedly provided on the side of the frame body, and further comprising:

[0006] A second conveyor belt is fixedly installed in the frame body between the corresponding laser cutting chamber and the swing plate chamber for transporting the PCB after laser depaneling. The second conveyor belt is horizontally passed through the rectangular slot with the first end side located in the laser cutting chamber and the second end side located in the swing plate chamber. The transportation direction of the second conveyor belt is from the first end side to the second end side;

[0007] A third conveyor belt is fixedly installed in the frame body below the corresponding second conveyor belt and parallel to the second conveyor belt in an upper and lower direction. The third conveyor belt is horizontally passed through the rectangular slot, and the third end side is located in the laser cutting chamber, and the fourth end side is located in the wobble chamber. The transportation direction of the third conveyor belt is from the fourth end side to the third end side.

[0008] The plate tray is used to hold multiple single PCB boards after depaneling, and transport them from the laser cutting room to the plate-staging room through the second conveyor belt for subsequent plate-staging operations;

[0009] A fixed-surface drop structure is provided between the second end side and the fourth end side of the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, and the fixed-surface drop structure is used to drop the carrier tray from the second conveyor belt to the third conveyor belt after use, with the opening facing upward;

[0010] A stacked plate lifting structure is provided between the first end side and the third end side of the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, the stacked plate lifting structure includes a swivel mechanism, an upper tray frame and a lower tray frame, the swivel mechanism is located on the same end side of the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, and the upper tray frame and the lower tray frame are rotatably mounted on the top and bottom of the swivel mechanism, and the stacked plate lifting structure is used to cyclically lift multiple groups of stacked trays onto the second conveyor belt;

[0011] A plurality of groups of plate trays are stacked in the upper tray frame.

[0012] Preferably, the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt have the same length, and the two ends of the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt are aligned up and down, and the stacked plate lifting structure is arranged at the first end side of the second conveyor belt and the third end side of the third conveyor belt.

[0013] Preferably, the fixed-surface falling structure includes a receiving plate, a crossbar and a plate support column;

[0014] Two sets of parallel receiving plate inclined plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the casing of the third conveyor belt corresponding to the fourth end side;

[0015] The receiving tray inclined plate is inclined upward, and the inclination direction is such that the top end of the receiving tray inclined plate is away from the second end side of the second conveyor belt. The height of the receiving tray inclined plate is higher than the top end of the second conveyor belt, and the horizontal spacing distance between the receiving tray inclined plate and the second end side of the second conveyor belt is greater than half the length of the carrier plate.

[0016] The cross bar is fixedly installed between the side outer walls of the two sets of receiving disc inclined plates away from the second conveyor belt, and the cross bar is perpendicular to the receiving disc inclined plates, and the height of the cross bar is lower than the center height of the second conveyor belt;

[0017] The cross bar is fixedly mounted with a plurality of groups of inclined abutment columns facing the second end side of the second conveyor belt, and the plurality of groups of abutment columns are perpendicular to the receiving plate and the cross bar, and the ends of the plurality of groups of abutment columns are horizontally spaced from the second end side of the second conveyor belt;

[0018] The plurality of groups of the abutment plates are distributed equidistantly in the transverse direction, and the outer surfaces of the abutment plates are covered with soft leather cushions;

[0019] The overall thickness of the abutment column wrapped with the soft leather cushion cover is less than the thickness of the cross bar, and an L-shaped barrier surface is formed between the tops of the multiple groups of abutment columns and the cross bar.

[0020] Preferably, the fixed-surface falling structure further comprises a rotating shaft, a buffer bending member, a bending horizontal bar and an elastic bending sheet;

[0021] An integrated base block is fixed on the outer wall of the two groups of receiving disc inclined plates facing the second conveyor belt, and a rotating shaft parallel to the cross bar is rotatably installed between the two groups of base blocks, and the rotating shaft is located below the cross bar;

[0022] A plurality of sets of laterally equidistantly distributed slow-connecting bending members are rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft, and the slow-connecting bending members are generally inclined toward the second conveyor belt;

[0023] A bent horizontal bar is fixedly installed between the outer walls of the side surfaces of the two groups of receiving disc inclined plates facing away from the second conveyor belt, and the bent horizontal bar is lower than the rotating shaft member, and an inclined elastic bent piece is hinged between the bottom end of the slow-connecting bent member and the bent horizontal bar;

[0024] The outer surface of the slow-connecting bending member facing the second conveyor belt is covered with a soft leather pad;

[0025] The soft leather cushion cover on the abutment plate column and the soft leather gasket on the slow-connecting bending piece are both made of elastic buffering material.

[0026] Preferably, the slow-connection bending member is composed of a semi-ring member and a slow-connection inclined plate as an integral whole. The semi-ring member is semicircular, and one end of the semi-ring member is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft member, and the other end is connected to the inclined slow-connection inclined plate, and the inclination angle of the slow-connection inclined plate is greater than the inclination angle of the receiving plate inclined plate.

[0027] Preferably, the elastic bending piece is composed of connected S-shaped elastic pieces.

[0028] The cyclic mechanism includes a circular ring, a rotating ring and a driving group. Two groups of support legs are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the third end side of the third conveyor belt, and the support legs are bent and include an outer side located on the third end side of the third conveyor belt. The top ends of the two groups of support legs are fixedly installed with circular rings.

[0029] The circular ring member has a concave ring groove on its end surface facing the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, and a swivel member is rotatably installed in the circular ring member corresponding to the concave ring groove;

[0030] The four sides of the circular ring are each provided with a driving group for driving the rotating ring to rotate.

[0031] Preferably, the driving group includes a transmission roller, a transmission gear and a servo motor, and the circular ring member is provided with notch grooves on the upper, lower, left and right sides corresponding to the inner ring and the outer ring, and base plates are fixedly installed at positions of the circular ring member corresponding to the notch grooves;

[0032] Two sets of transmission rollers are rotatably mounted on the corresponding base plate in each driving group, and the two sets of transmission rollers in each driving group pass through the notch groove and fit the outer ring side wall and the inner ring side wall of the rotating ring respectively;

[0033] Two sets of aligned and meshed transmission gears are rotatably mounted on one side of each base plate away from the transmission roller, and the two sets of transmission gears in each driving group are fixedly connected to the two sets of transmission rollers;

[0034] A motor bracket 1 is fixedly installed on one side of the circular ring member corresponding to the four side base blocks, and a servo motor 1 is fixedly installed on the vertical area of each group of motor bracket 1, and the four groups of servo motors 1 are located on the outer ring side of the circular ring member, and the output shaft of the servo motor 1 in each drive group is fixedly connected to a group of transmission gears.

[0035] Preferably, the upper tray frame and the lower tray frame have the same structural components and are both composed of a rectangular frame, an air bag body and an air pump component;

[0036] Two sets of rectangular frames, separated and aligned up and down, are rotatably mounted on the ring end surfaces of the swivel corresponding to the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, and the two sets of rectangular frames are respectively located at the top and bottom of the vertical center line of the swivel;

[0037] The top of the rectangular frame and the side facing the second conveyor belt or the third conveyor belt are both open, the inner walls of both sides of the rectangular frame are fixed with air bags, and the outer walls of both sides of the rectangular frame are fixed with air pump components connected to the air bags on both sides of the interior;

[0038] The airbags on both sides of the rectangular frame are rectangular parallelepipeds in an inflated state and the distance between them is less than the width of the support plate tray.

[0039] Preferably, there is a space between the bottom end of the airbag body and the bottom inner wall of the rectangular frame to form a rectangular cavity;

[0040] The height of the rectangular cavity is the same as the thickness of the carrier tray;

[0041] The rectangular cavities below the airbags on both sides of the rectangular frame are rotatably mounted with multiple sets of push plate rollers, and the multiple sets of push plate rollers on both sides of the rectangular frame are horizontally equidistantly distributed;

[0042] Multiple groups of double-groove pulleys fixedly connected to each group of push plate rollers are rotatably installed on the bottom ends of both sides of the rectangular frame, and belts are transmitted between the two adjacent groups of double-groove pulleys. The belts sleeved on the multiple groups of double-groove pulleys arranged horizontally on both sides are distributed in an up and down staggered manner. Motor bracket two wrapping the first group of double-groove pulleys are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom end of the rectangular frame, and servo motor two is fixedly installed on the horizontal bottom of motor bracket two, and the output shaft of servo motor two is fixedly connected to the first group of double-groove pulleys.

[0043] Preferably, the plurality of push plate rollers on both sides of the bottom of the upper tray frame are respectively in contact with the outer walls of both sides of the lowest tray, and the bottom end of the lowest tray in the upper tray frame is flush with the top end of the second conveyor belt;

[0044] The top ends of the air bags on both sides of the lower supporting plate frame are higher than the top end of the third conveyor belt.

[0045] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention provides a dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate placing integrated machine, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] Efficient PCB processing: The coordinated operation of the first, second, and third conveyors, along with the upper and lower tray frames and a rotating mechanism, enables a continuous process from PCB board input, laser cutting, post-cutting transportation, tray placement, to tray recovery. While the PCBs are cut using a set of trays, empty trays are recovered simultaneously, eliminating the need for waiting. This significantly improves overall efficiency, avoids the time wasted waiting for trays to be recovered in traditional equipment, and ensures continuous and stable operation.

[0047] The second and third conveyor belts are the same length and aligned at both ends. The precise layout design ensures a smooth transition of the board tray between the two conveyor belts and its stability during the entire transportation process, reducing possible deviations and drops during transportation, and ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of PCB board transportation and pallet recovery.

[0048] Reliable pallet circulation system: The receiving tray inclined plate, plate support column, slow-connecting bent parts and other components in the fixed-surface falling structure cooperate with each other, utilizing the structural characteristics and material properties of each component, such as the soft leather padding on the plate support column, the soft leather gasket on the slow-connecting bent parts and the elastic deformation of the elastic bent pieces, to perform multiple buffering and posture adjustments on the falling empty plate pallet, ensuring that it always falls into the third conveyor belt with the open side facing up, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the pallet recovery process and preventing the pallet from being affected by subsequent stacking and use due to incorrect posture.

[0049] Orderly stacked pallet lifting: In the stacked pallet lifting structure, the circular ring, swivel, and drive assembly of the swivel mechanism work together to precisely shift the upper and lower pallet frames. The airbags, air pumps, and push rollers in the upper and lower pallet frames work seamlessly together. The airbags not only hold the pallets but also align the stacked pallets, ensuring neat stacking and orderly supply. Driven by servo motor 2, the push rollers smoothly push out the lowest pallet, enabling a rapid and efficient circulation of pallets. This ensures the timely supply of pallets during equipment operation and further improves the overall efficiency of the equipment.

[0050] Buffer protection mechanism: The elastic buffer design of the soft leather pad on the plate column and the soft leather gasket on the buffer bending part, as well as the adaptive buffer limit function of the elastic bending piece, effectively protect the plate tray from collision damage during equipment operation, while ensuring the stability of the pallet posture, reducing equipment operation abnormalities caused by pallet problems, and enhancing the overall reliability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the frame of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed-plane falling structure of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the decomposition of the fixed-plane falling structure of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the cross bar and the abutment column of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the stacked plate lifting structure of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the circulatory mechanism of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the upper tray frame structure of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the lower tray frame structure of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 11 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lower tray frame of the present invention.

[0062] In the figure: 1. frame body; 2. first conveyor belt; 3. second conveyor belt; 4. third conveyor belt; 5. support plate tray; 6. receiving plate ramp; 7. cross bar; 8. plate support column; 9. soft leather cushion sleeve; 10. base block; 11. rotating shaft; 12. slow-connecting bending member; 13. soft leather gasket; 14. bending cross bar; 15. elastic bending piece; 16. supporting leg; 17. circular ring; 18. rotating ring; 19. rectangular frame; 20. air bag body; 21. air pump member; 22. notch groove; 23. base plate; 24. transmission roller; 25. transmission gear; 26. motor bracket 1; 27. servo motor 1; 28. push plate roller; 29. double-groove pulley; 30. motor bracket 2; 31. servo motor 2; 32. laser cutting chamber; 33. swing plate chamber; 34. half ring; 35. slow-connecting ramp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] See also Figure 1-11 The dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate-splitting integrated machine includes a frame 1, in which adjacent laser cutting chambers 32 and plate-splitting chambers 33 are provided. The frame 1 has rectangular slots communicating with the laser cutting chambers 32 and plate-splitting chambers 33. A first conveyor belt 2 for feeding materials into the laser cutting chamber 32 is fixedly provided on the side of the frame 1. PCB boards are transported to the laser cutting chamber 32 for laser panel splitting and cutting via the first conveyor belt 2. The machine also includes:

[0065] Furthermore, the second conveyor belt 3 is fixedly installed in the frame body 1 between the corresponding laser cutting chamber 32 and the swing plate chamber 33 for transporting the PCB after laser depaneling. The second conveyor belt 3 is horizontally placed through the rectangular groove with the first end side located in the laser cutting chamber 32 and the second end side located in the swing plate chamber 33. The transportation direction of the second conveyor belt 3 is from the first end side to the second end side;

[0066] The third conveyor belt 4 is fixedly installed in the frame body 1 below the second conveyor belt 3 and parallel to the second conveyor belt 3. The third conveyor belt 4 is horizontally passed through the rectangular slot, and the third end side is located in the laser cutting chamber 32, and the fourth end side is located in the wobble chamber 33. The transportation direction of the third conveyor belt 4 is from the fourth end side to the third end side.

[0067] The plate tray 5 is used to hold multiple single PCB boards after separation and transport them from the laser cutting room 32 to the plate swinging room 33 via the second conveyor belt 3 for subsequent plate swinging operations;

[0068] A fixed-surface drop structure is provided between the second end side and the fourth end side of the second conveyor belt 3 and the third conveyor belt 4. The fixed-surface drop structure is used to drop the plate tray 5 from the second conveyor belt 3 to the third conveyor belt 4 after use, with the opening facing upwards;

[0069] A stacked plate lifting structure is provided between the first end side and the third end side of the second conveyor belt 3 and the third conveyor belt 4, and the stacked plate lifting structure includes a swivel mechanism, an upper plate frame and a lower plate frame. The swivel mechanism is located on the same end side of the second conveyor belt 3 and the third conveyor belt 4, and the upper plate frame and the lower plate frame are rotatably mounted on the top and bottom of the swivel mechanism. The stacked plate lifting structure is used to cyclically lift multiple groups of stacked plate pallets 5 onto the second conveyor belt 3;

[0070] A plurality of groups of plate trays 5 are stacked in the upper tray frame.

[0071] Laser cutting chamber 32 houses a high-precision laser cutting device, which uses a high-energy-density laser beam to cut PCBs. The laser generator, equipped with an advanced beam focusing and adjustment system, precisely controls the laser's power, frequency, and scanning speed based on the material and thickness of the PCBs, ensuring smooth, burr-free cut edges and minimal dimensional error.

[0072] The cutting chamber features an enclosed optical channel equipped with efficient dust and smoke filtration. Smoke and debris generated during the laser cutting process are promptly exhausted outdoors through a negative pressure vacuum system. A special coating on the optical channel prevents dust and debris from attaching and affecting laser transmission, ensuring stable and continuous laser cutting.

[0073] Equipped with multiple sets of high-precision sensors and a visual recognition system, the machine monitors and calibrates its position and posture in real time. If a PCB board's positional deviation is detected, the machine automatically adjusts the speed of the first conveyor belt or fine-tunes it using a mechanical gripper.

[0074] The plate-stirring chamber 33 is equipped with a multi-degree-of-freedom precision plate-stirring robot arm, and a highly sensitive vacuum adsorption or mechanical clamping device is installed at the end of the robot arm to flexibly adjust the grasping and placement methods.

[0075] During the plating process, multiple sets of visual inspection cameras and sensors are set up to detect the appearance, size, position, etc. of the PCB board in real time.

[0076] The fixed-surface falling structure includes a receiving plate slant plate 6, a crossbar 7 and a support plate column 8;

[0077] Two sets of parallel receiving disc inclined plates 6 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the casing of the third conveyor belt 4 corresponding to the fourth end side;

[0078] The receiving tray inclined plate 6 is inclined upward, and the inclination direction is such that the top end of the receiving tray inclined plate 6 is away from the second end side of the second conveyor belt 3. The height of the receiving tray inclined plate 6 is higher than the top end of the second conveyor belt 3, and the horizontal spacing distance between the receiving tray inclined plate 6 and the second end side of the second conveyor belt 3 is greater than half the length of the carrier plate 5.

[0079] The cross bar 7 is fixedly installed between the side outer walls of the two sets of receiving disc inclined plates 6 away from the second conveyor belt 3, and the cross bar 7 is perpendicular to the receiving disc inclined plates 6, and the height of the cross bar 7 is lower than the center height of the second conveyor belt 3;

[0080] A plurality of groups of inclined abutment columns 8 facing the second end side of the second conveyor belt 3 are fixedly mounted on the cross bar 7, and the plurality of groups of abutment columns 8 are perpendicular to the receiving plate 6 and the cross bar 7, and the ends of the plurality of groups of abutment columns 8 are horizontally spaced from the second end side of the second conveyor belt 3;

[0081] The plurality of groups of plate support columns 8 are distributed laterally at equal intervals, and the outer surfaces of the plate support columns 8 are wrapped with soft leather cushion covers 9 .

[0082] Furthermore, the overall thickness of the support column 8 wrapped with the soft leather cushion cover 9 is less than the thickness of the cross bar 7, and an L-shaped barrier surface is formed between the top of the multiple groups of support columns 8 and the cross bar 7.

[0083] The fixed-surface falling structure further includes a rotating shaft 11, a slow-connecting bending member 12, a bending horizontal bar 14 and an elastic bending piece 15;

[0084] An integrated base block 10 is fixed on the outer wall of the two sets of receiving disc inclined plates 6 facing the second conveyor belt 3, and a rotating shaft 11 parallel to the cross bar 7 is rotatably installed between the two sets of base blocks 10, and the rotating shaft 11 is located below the cross bar 7;

[0085] A plurality of sets of laterally equidistantly distributed slow-connecting bending members 12 are rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 11, and the slow-connecting bending members 12 are generally inclined toward the second conveyor belt 3;

[0086] A bent cross bar 14 is fixedly installed between the outer walls of the sides of the two sets of receiving disc inclined plates 6 facing away from the second conveyor belt 3, and the bent cross bar 14 is lower than the rotating shaft 11. An inclined elastic bent piece 15 is hinged between the bottom end of the slow-connecting bent member 12 and the bent cross bar 14;

[0087] The outer surface of the slow-connecting bending member 12 facing the second conveyor belt 3 is covered with a soft leather pad 13 .

[0088] Furthermore, the soft leather cushion cover 9 on the plate support column 8 and the soft leather gasket 13 on the buffer bend 12 are both made of elastic cushioning materials; when the empty plate tray 5 falls and contacts the plate support column 8, the soft leather cushion cover 9 on the plate support column 8 utilizes its elastic cushioning characteristics to absorb the impact force, thereby preventing the plate tray 5 from being damaged by the collision, and at the same time slowing down its turning speed so that it can fall according to the designed trajectory. The soft leather gasket 13 on the buffer bend 12 also plays an elastic cushioning role when the plate tray 5 contacts the buffer bend 12. It not only further reduces the falling speed of the plate tray 5, but also maintains soft contact with the plate tray 5 during the rotation of the buffer bend 12, preventing the plate tray 5 from changing its posture due to rigid collision during the contact process, ensuring that the plate tray 5 can fall into the third conveyor belt 4 with the opening facing upward, thereby improving the reliability of the fixed-surface falling structure and the protection performance of the plate tray 5.

[0089] Furthermore, the flexure 12 is integrally formed of a flexure bevel plate 35 and a semi-ring member 34. The semi-ring member 34 is semi-circular, with one end rotatably mounted on the shaft member 11 and the other end connected to the inclined flexure 35. The angle of inclination of the flexure 35 is greater than that of the receiving plate bevel plate 6. This unique structural design of the flexure 12 provides excellent rotational flexibility and guidance. The semi-circular shape of the semi-ring member 34 and its rotatable connection to the shaft member 11 enable the flexure 12 to rotate smoothly around the shaft member 11 under the pressure of the plate carrier 5. The inclination angle of the slow-connecting inclined plate 35 is greater than that of the receiving plate inclined plate 6. When the carrier tray 5 falls and contacts the slow-connecting bent member 12, the slow-connecting inclined plate 35 can receive the tray earlier and more effectively, and use its own inclination angle to guide the falling direction of the tray. In conjunction with the deformation of the elastic bent piece 15, it better limits the inclined state of the carrier tray 5 when it falls, ensuring that its opening surface is always facing upward, thereby achieving precise control of the falling posture of the carrier tray 5 and improving the working accuracy of the fixed-surface falling structure.

[0090] The elastic bending piece 15 is composed of connected S-shaped elastic pieces; the elastic bending piece 15 is composed of connected S-shaped elastic pieces, and this structure gives it good elastic deformation ability. When the buffer bending piece 12 is rotated by the pressure of the supporting plate tray 5, the elastic bending piece 15 can produce corresponding elastic deformation according to the weight and falling speed of the supporting plate tray 5. Through its own elastic deformation, it absorbs and buffers the impact force of the supporting plate tray 5, and at the same time limits and adjusts the rotation angle of the buffer bending piece 12. When the supporting plate tray 5 is heavy or the falling speed is fast, the elastic bending piece 15 can produce a larger deformation to buffer; otherwise, the deformation is smaller. This adaptive buffering and limiting function ensures that the buffer bending piece 12 can always stably control the falling tilt state of the supporting plate tray 5, ensuring that the supporting plate tray 5 falls into the third conveyor belt 4 with the opening facing upward, thereby enhancing the stability and adaptability of the fixed-surface falling structure.

[0091] Furthermore, the second conveyor belt 3 and the third conveyor belt 4 have the same length, and the two ends of the second conveyor belt 3 and the third conveyor belt 4 are aligned up and down, and the stacked plate lifting structure is arranged at the first end side of the second conveyor belt 3 and the third end side of the third conveyor belt 4.

[0092] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a circular ring member 17, a swivel member 18 and a drive group. Two groups of support legs 16 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the third end side of the third conveyor belt 4, and the support legs 16 are bent and include an outer side located on the third end side of the third conveyor belt 4. The top of the two groups of support legs 16 is fixedly installed with a circular ring member 17; the circular ring member 17 has an inner concave ring groove starting from the ring end surface facing the second conveyor belt 3 and the third conveyor belt 4, and the circular ring member 17 has a swivel member 18 rotatably installed in the corresponding inner concave ring groove; the upper, lower, left and right sides of the circular ring member 17 are provided with a drive group for driving the swivel member 18 to rotate.

[0093] Furthermore, the driving group includes a transmission roller 24, a transmission gear 25 and a servo motor 27. The circular ring member 17 is provided with notch grooves 22 on the upper, lower, left and right sides corresponding to the inner ring and the outer ring, and the circular ring member 17 is fixedly installed with base plates 23 at the positions corresponding to the notch grooves 22. Two groups of transmission rollers 24 are rotatably installed on the corresponding base plates 23 in each driving group, and the two groups of transmission rollers 24 in each driving group pass through the notch grooves 22 and fit the outer ring side wall and the inner ring side wall of the rotating ring member 18 respectively; each group of base plates 23 is provided with a side away from the transmission roller 24. Two sets of aligned and meshing transmission gears 25 are mounted for rotation, and each drive group's two transmission gears 25 are fixedly connected to two sets of transmission rollers 24. A motor bracket 1 (26) is fixedly mounted on one side of the circular ring 17 corresponding to the four side base plates 23. A servo motor 1 (27) is fixedly mounted on the vertical area of each motor bracket 1 (26). Four sets of servo motors 1 (27) are located on the outer ring of the circular ring 17, and the output shafts of the servo motors 1 (27) in each drive group are fixedly connected to a set of transmission gears 25. When the upper and lower tray frames need to be switched, the four drive groups are activated synchronously. The servo motors 1 (27) drive the transmission gears 25, which in turn drive the transmission rollers 24, providing power for the rotation of the swivel 18. The transmission rollers 24 contact the swivel 18, causing it to rotate within the concave annular groove of the circular ring 17. The circular ring member 17 is fixed and serves as a support and track for the rotation of the swivel member 18; as the swivel member 18 rotates, the upper and lower tray frames installed on the end faces of the ring also rotate accordingly, realizing the position interchange of the upper and lower tray frames, that is, the lower tray frame carrying the stacked plate trays 5 rotates to the top to become the new upper tray frame, and the original upper tray frame rotates to the bottom to become the lower tray frame.

[0094] Furthermore, the structural components of the upper support plate frame and the lower support plate frame are the same and are both composed of a rectangular frame 19, an air bag body 20 and an air pump part 21; two groups of upper and lower separated and aligned rectangular frames 19 are rotatably installed on the ring end surface of the swivel part 18 corresponding to the second conveyor belt 3 and the third conveyor belt 4, and the two groups of rectangular frames 19 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the vertical center line of the swivel part 18; the top of the rectangular frame 19 and the side facing the second conveyor belt 3 or the third conveyor belt 4 are both open, and the air bags 20 are fixed on the inner walls of the rectangular frame 19 on both sides, and the outer walls of the rectangular frame 19 on both sides are fixed with air pump parts 21 connected to the air bags 20 on both sides inside; the air bags 20 on both sides in the rectangular frame 19 are rectangular in the inflated state and the spacing distance is less than the width of the support plate tray 5; according to the stacking and supply requirements of the support plate tray 5, the air pump part 21 performs inflation and deflation operations. When the lower tray frame receives an empty tray 5, the air pump 21 inflates the airbag 20, inflating it to hold the tray. When deflated, the airbag 20 contracts, allowing the trays to fall and stack. When the upper tray frame supplies trays, it first inflates to hold all but the bottom tray, then pushes out the bottom tray and deflates, allowing the next set of trays to fall. This inflating and deflating mechanism clamps and releases the tray 5. Leveraging its deformable nature, the tray 5 is held horizontally during stacking, facilitating stacking. During supply, the airbag 20 holds all but the bottom tray, facilitating the push-out of the bottom tray. This ensures stable placement and orderly supply of the trays 5 within the tray frame. Furthermore, the airbag 20 also coordinates with the stacked trays 5 to align them.

[0095] Furthermore, there is a space between the bottom end of the airbag body 20 and the bottom inner wall of the rectangular frame 19 to form a rectangular cavity; the height of the rectangular cavity is the same as the thickness of the carrier plate tray 5; multiple sets of push plate rollers 28 are rotatably installed in the rectangular cavities below the airbag bodies 20 on both sides of the rectangular frame 19, and the multiple sets of push plate rollers 28 on both sides of the rectangular frame 19 are equidistantly distributed laterally; multiple sets of double-groove pulleys 29 are rotatably installed at the bottom ends of both sides of the rectangular frame 19, and each set of push plate rollers 28 is fixedly connected to each set of double-groove pulleys 29, and a belt is connected between the adjacent two sets of double-groove pulleys 29, and the multiple sets of double-groove pulleys 29 arranged laterally on both sides are connected to the belt. The belts are distributed in an upper and lower staggered manner. Motor bracket 2 30 wrapping the first group of double-groove pulleys 29 is fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom end of the rectangular frame 19, and servo motor 2 31 is fixedly installed on the horizontal bottom of the motor bracket 2 30, and the output shaft of servo motor 2 31 is fixedly connected to the first group of double-groove pulleys 29; multiple groups of push plate rollers 28 on both sides of the bottom of the upper support plate frame are respectively fitted with the outer walls of both sides of the lowest support plate tray 5, and the bottom end of the lowest support plate tray 5 in the upper support plate frame is flush with the top of the second conveyor belt 3; the top of the airbag bodies 20 on both sides of the lower support plate frame is higher than the top of the third conveyor belt 4; when the support plate tray 5 is supplied, the servo motor 2 31 is started, and its output shaft drives the double-groove pulley 29 to rotate, and the double-groove pulley 29 drives the push plate roller 28 to rotate through belt transmission. The push plate rollers 28 are in contact with the outer walls of both sides of the bottom plate tray 5 , and during the rotation process, the bottom plate tray 5 is smoothly pushed out of the upper tray frame so that it docks with the second conveyor belt 3 .

[0096] Working principle: The PCB board is transported to the laser cutting chamber 32 via the first conveyor belt 2 for laser panel cutting. Before the device is started, multiple sets of panel trays 5 are stacked in the upper tray frame. After starting the device, the upper tray frame starts working first. The air pump component 21 inflates the airbag 20, and the airbag 20 swells, clamping and fixing the remaining trays except for the bottom-layer panel tray 5. Then, the servo motor 2 31 is started, and its output shaft drives the double-groove pulley 29 to rotate, and the double-groove pulley 29 in turn rotates the push plate roller 28 through a transmission relationship. Under the rotation of the push plate roller 28, the bottom-layer panel tray 5 is smoothly pushed out and falls onto the second conveyor belt 3, preparing for the subsequent reception of the PCB board after panel cutting. Subsequently, the air pump 21 deflates, the airbag 20 contracts, and the next set of plate trays 5 fall under the action of gravity between the push rollers 28 on both sides. The above-mentioned pushing action is repeated, achieving an orderly supply of plate trays 5. At the same time, the PCB boards are stably transported to the laser cutting chamber 32 via the first conveyor belt 2. In the laser cutting chamber 32, high-precision laser cutting equipment accurately cuts the PCB boards according to a preset cutting program, dividing them into multiple single PCB boards. The multiple single PCB boards after separation are neatly placed on the plate trays 5 supplied by the upper tray frame to the second conveyor belt 3. At this time, the second conveyor belt 3 continues to operate stably in the direction from the first end side to the second end side, transporting the plate trays 5 carrying the separated PCB boards from the laser cutting chamber 32 to the swing tray chamber 33. When the plate trays 5 arrive at the swing tray chamber 33, the high-precision swing tray robot arm in the swing tray chamber begins to operate. The panning robot arm, based on a pre-set panning plan, uses a sophisticated motion control and positioning system to use its end effector to accurately grab and arrange the PCBs one by one from the tray 5 in a specific arrangement, completing the panning operation.

[0097] When the plate swinging operation is completed, the empty support plate tray 5 runs to the second end side along with the second conveyor belt 3. At this time, the empty support plate tray 5 begins to fall and first contacts the plate-stop column 8 in the fixed-surface falling structure. The plate-stop column 8 is in a precisely designed inclined shape and is covered with a soft leather cushion cover 9. It is evenly distributed laterally and perpendicular to the crossbar 7. When the empty support plate tray 5 falls and flips over, the plate-stop column 8, by virtue of its own inclination angle and the cushioning effect of the soft leather cushion cover 9, produces the first effective resistance to prevent the support plate tray 5 from flipping over excessively, so that its open surface faces the second conveyor belt 3; the empty support plate tray 5 continues to fall in an inclined shape and contacts the buffer bend 12. The buffer bend 12 is composed of a buffer inclined plate 35 and a semi-ring member 34. One end of the semi-ring member 34 is rotatably installed by a rotating shaft member 11, and the other end is connected to the buffer inclined plate 35 with an inclination angle greater than that of the receiving plate inclined plate 6, and is covered with a soft leather gasket 13. At the moment of contact, the soft leather gasket 13 provides a buffer. At the same time, because the slow-connecting bent member 12 is rotatably mounted via the rotating shaft 11, and an elastic bent piece 15 composed of connected S-shaped elastic pieces is hingedly connected between the bottom end and the bent crossbar 14, the slow-connecting bent member 12 rotates under the pressure of the carrier tray 5, and the elastic bent piece 15 deforms accordingly, limiting the tilted state of the carrier tray 5 as it falls, ensuring that it always falls onto the third conveyor belt 4 with the opening facing upward.

[0098] The third conveyor belt 4 continues to run, and transports the empty plate tray 5 with the opening facing upward in the opposite direction to the direction of the laser cutting chamber 32. When the empty plate tray 5 is transported to the third end side, it enters the lower tray frame. The air pump component 21 in the lower tray frame inflates the airbag 20, and the airbag 20 swells, and uses its own deformability to clamp the entering plate tray 5 in a horizontal state, which is convenient for subsequent operations. Then the air pump component 21 continues to deflate, so that the clamped plate tray 5 slowly falls into the bottom of the rectangular frame 19, and the first group of plate trays 5 that fall in will be located between the multiple groups of push plate rollers 28 on both sides. As the third conveyor belt 4 continues to transport, the subsequent empty plate trays 5 continue to repeat the above process to complete the stacking of the empty plate trays 5.

[0099] When the upper tray frame is empty of trays 5, the drive groups on the four sides of the circular ring 17 begin operating. Servo motor 1 (27) activates, driving the drive rollers 24 via the transmission gears 25. The drive rollers 24 contact the swivel element 18, causing it to rotate. During this rotation, the lower tray frame, carrying the stacked trays 5, moves upward, closer to the first end of the second conveyor belt 3, becoming the new upper tray frame. The original upper tray frame moves downward, becoming the lower tray frame and beginning to receive empty trays. In the new upper tray frame, the air pump element (21) inflates the airbags (20), clamping all but the bottom tray 5. Servo motor 2 (31) activates, driving the double-grooved pulley (29), which in turn rotates the push rollers (28), pushing the bottom tray 5 onto the second conveyor belt 3 for use. The air pump element (21) then deflates, causing the next set of trays 5 to drop between the push rollers (28) on both sides and be pushed out again. This cycle repeats, beginning a new round.

[0100] Throughout the entire cycle, the close coordination and orderly operation of all components ensure a rapid and efficient circulation of the trays 5. While a set of trays 5 is being used to split PCBs, the empty trays 5 are being collected simultaneously. This eliminates the need for waiting for the trays 5 to be used again, significantly improving the efficiency and automation of the system. It also eliminates the need to wait for the empty trays 5 to be returned before cutting and splitting the PCBs, ensuring continuous and stable operation.

[0101] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate-switching integrated machine, comprising a frame body, in which adjacent laser cutting chambers and plate-switching chambers are arranged, and the frame body is provided with communicating rectangular slots corresponding to the positions of the laser cutting chambers and the plate-switching chambers, and a first conveyor belt for feeding materials into the laser cutting chamber is fixedly provided on the side of the frame body, characterized in that: Also includes: The second conveyor belt is used to transport the PCB boards after laser depaneling. The second conveyor belt is fixed in the frame and is located between the laser cutting chamber and the wobble plate chamber. The second conveyor belt is horizontally passed through the rectangular slot, and the first end side of the second conveyor belt is located in the laser cutting chamber, and the second end side of the second conveyor belt is located in the wobble plate chamber. The transportation direction of the second conveyor belt is from the first end side to the second end side; The third conveyor belt is fixedly mounted in the frame and is located below the second conveyor belt, and is arranged vertically parallel to the second conveyor belt; the third conveyor belt is horizontally passed through the rectangular groove, and the third end side of the third conveyor belt is located in the laser cutting chamber, and the fourth end side of the third conveyor belt is located in the wobble chamber. The transportation direction of the third conveyor belt is from the fourth end side to the third end side. The second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt have the same length, and the ends of the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt are aligned vertically; The plate tray is used to hold multiple single PCB boards after depaneling, and transport them from the laser cutting room to the plate-staging room through the second conveyor belt for subsequent plate-staging operations; A fixed-surface drop structure is used to drop the used plate tray from the second conveyor belt onto the third conveyor belt, ensuring that the opening of the plate tray faces upward; the fixed-surface drop structure is arranged between the second end side of the second conveyor belt and the fourth end side of the third conveyor belt; The stack lifting structure is arranged at the first end side of the second conveyor belt and the third end side of the third conveyor belt, and is located between the first end side of the second conveyor belt and the third end side of the third conveyor belt; The stacked plate lifting structure includes a cyclic mechanism, an upper plate frame and a lower plate frame. The cyclic mechanism is located on the same end side of the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, and the upper plate frame and the lower plate frame are rotatably mounted on the top and bottom of the cyclic mechanism. The cyclic mechanism includes a circular ring, a swivel and a drive group. The circular ring is provided with a concave annular groove on the ring end surface facing the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, and a swivel is rotatably mounted in the concave annular groove of the circular ring. The upper, lower, left and right sides of the circular ring are all provided with a driving group for driving the rotating ring to rotate; as the rotating ring rotates, the upper and lower tray frames installed on the ring end surfaces of the rotating ring also rotate accordingly, so that the positions of the upper and lower tray frames are interchanged. The upper and lower tray frames have the same structure and both include a rectangular frame, an air bag and an air pump; the air pump can inflate the air bag to clamp the remaining trays except the bottom tray in the rectangular frame; a lower tray frame, for receiving and stacking empty trays conveyed by the third conveyor belt; Multiple sets of push plate rollers arranged on both sides of the bottom of the upper support plate frame are respectively fitted with the outer walls of both sides of the lowest support plate tray in the rectangular frame, and the bottom end of the lowest support plate tray in the upper support plate frame is flush with the top end of the second conveyor belt; the upper support plate frame is used to supply empty support plate trays to the second conveyor belt.

2. The dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate-switching integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed-surface falling structure includes a receiving plate, a crossbar, and a support column; Two sets of parallel receiving plate inclined plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the casing of the third conveyor belt corresponding to the fourth end side; The receiving tray inclined plate is inclined upward, and the inclination direction is such that the top end of the receiving tray inclined plate is away from the second end side of the second conveyor belt. The height of the receiving tray inclined plate is higher than the top end of the second conveyor belt, and the horizontal spacing distance between the receiving tray inclined plate and the second end side of the second conveyor belt is greater than half the length of the carrier plate. The cross bar is fixedly installed between the side outer walls of the two sets of receiving disc inclined plates facing away from the second conveyor belt, and the cross bar is perpendicular to the receiving disc inclined plates, and the height of the cross bar is lower than the center height of the second conveyor belt; The cross bar is fixedly mounted with a plurality of groups of inclined abutment columns facing the second end side of the second conveyor belt, and the plurality of groups of abutment columns are perpendicular to the receiving plate and the cross bar, and the ends of the plurality of groups of abutment columns are horizontally spaced from the second end side of the second conveyor belt; The plurality of groups of the abutment plates are distributed equidistantly in the transverse direction, and the outer surfaces of the abutment plates are covered with soft leather cushions; The overall thickness of the abutment column wrapped with the soft leather cushion cover is less than the thickness of the cross bar, and an L-shaped barrier surface is formed between the tops of the multiple groups of abutment columns and the cross bar.

3. The dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate-switching integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed-surface falling structure further includes a rotating shaft, a slow-connecting bending member, a bending crossbar, and an elastic bending sheet; An integrated base block is fixed on the outer wall of the two groups of receiving disc inclined plates facing the second conveyor belt, and a rotating shaft parallel to the cross bar is rotatably installed between the two groups of base blocks, and the rotating shaft is located below the cross bar; A plurality of sets of laterally equidistantly distributed slow-connecting bending members are rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft, and the slow-connecting bending members are generally inclined toward the second conveyor belt; A bent horizontal bar is fixedly installed between the outer walls of the side surfaces of the two groups of receiving disc inclined plates facing away from the second conveyor belt, and the bent horizontal bar is lower than the rotating shaft member, and an inclined elastic bent piece is hinged between the bottom end of the slow-connecting bent member and the bent horizontal bar; The outer surface of the slow-connecting bending member facing the second conveyor belt is covered with a soft leather pad; The soft leather cushion cover on the abutment plate column and the soft leather gasket on the slow-connecting bending piece are both made of elastic buffering materials.

4. The dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate-stirring integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slow-connection bending member is composed of a semi-ring member and a slow-connection inclined plate as an integral whole. The semi-ring member is semicircular, and one end of the semi-ring member is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft member, and the other end is connected to the inclined slow-connection inclined plate, and the inclination angle of the slow-connection inclined plate is greater than the inclination angle of the receiving plate inclined plate; The elastic bending piece is composed of connected S-shaped elastic pieces.

5. The dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate-switching integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of support legs are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the third end side of the third conveyor belt, and the support legs are bent and include an outer side located on the third end side of the third conveyor belt. Circular rings are fixedly installed on the top ends of the two groups of support legs.

6. The dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate-switching integrated machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving group includes a transmission roller, a transmission gear and a servo motor. The inner ring and the outer ring of the circular ring are provided with notch grooves on the upper, lower, left and right sides, and the positions of the circular ring corresponding to the notch grooves are fixedly installed with base plates. Two sets of transmission rollers are rotatably mounted on the base plates in the driving group, and the two sets of transmission rollers in the driving group pass through the notch grooves and fit against the outer ring side wall and the inner ring side wall of the rotating ring respectively; Two sets of aligned and meshed transmission gears are rotatably mounted on one side of the base plate away from the transmission roller, and the two sets of transmission gears in the driving group are fixedly connected to the two sets of transmission rollers; A motor bracket 1 is fixedly installed on one side of the base plate of the circular ring member, and a servo motor 1 is fixedly installed on the vertical area of the motor bracket 1. The servo motor 1 is located on the outer ring side of the circular ring member, and the output shaft of the servo motor 1 is fixedly connected to a set of transmission gears.

7. The dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate-stirring integrated machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two sets of rectangular frames, separated and aligned up and down, are rotatably mounted on the ring end surfaces of the swivel corresponding to the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, and the two sets of rectangular frames are respectively located at the top and bottom of the vertical center line of the swivel; The top of the rectangular frame and the side facing the second conveyor belt or the third conveyor belt are both open, the inner walls of both sides of the rectangular frame are fixed with air bags, and the outer walls of both sides of the rectangular frame are fixed with air pump components connected to the air bags on both sides of the interior; The airbags on both sides of the rectangular frame are rectangular parallelepipeds in an inflated state, and the distance between the airbags on both sides is smaller than the width of the support plate tray.

8. The dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate-stirring integrated machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: There is a space between the bottom end of the airbag body and the bottom inner wall of the rectangular frame to form a rectangular cavity; The height of the rectangular cavity is the same as the thickness of the carrier tray; The rectangular cavities below the airbags on both sides of the rectangular frame are rotatably mounted with multiple sets of push plate rollers, and the multiple sets of push plate rollers on both sides of the rectangular frame are horizontally equidistantly distributed; Multiple groups of double-groove pulleys fixedly connected to each group of push plate rollers are rotatably installed on the bottom ends of both sides of the rectangular frame, and belts are transmitted between the two adjacent groups of double-groove pulleys. The belts sleeved on the multiple groups of double-groove pulleys arranged horizontally on both sides are distributed in an up and down staggered manner. Motor bracket two wrapping the first group of double-groove pulleys are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom end of the rectangular frame, and servo motor two is fixedly installed on the horizontal bottom of motor bracket two, and the output shaft of servo motor two is fixedly connected to the first group of double-groove pulleys.

9. The dual-platform online laser panel splitting and plate-settling integrated machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top ends of the air bags on both sides of the lower supporting plate frame are higher than the top end of the third conveyor belt.

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