Vitrification treatment product containing sludge incineration ash and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a vitrification treatment product containing sludge incineration ash and a preparation method and application thereof. The vitrification treatment product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 48 to 52 parts of sludge incineration ash, 17 to 21 parts of sludge incineration slag, 8 to 10 parts of saw mud, 11 to 13 parts of sodium carbonate, 1.5 to 2 parts of sodium fluosilicate, 4 to 6 parts of glass powder, 2.5 to 3 parts of sodium nitrate, 0.3 to 0.5 part of barium carbonate and 0.2 to 0.3 part of cerium dioxide. According to the invention, the sludge incineration ash, the sludge incineration slag and the saw mud are used as main raw materials and are compounded with other components, and a vitrification treatment product is formed after electric melting, so that the hazardous and waste sludge incineration ash can be converted into a glass product or used as a highway asphalt pavement aggregate, construction pebbles, gravel, construction sand, a non-metal abrasive for jet cleaning or a building material substitute material; a high-value utilization way of the sludge is developed, and good economic benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of source regeneration, and particularly relates to a vitrified treatment product containing sludge incineration ash and a preparation method and use thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sludge contains a wide variety of heavy metals, most of which are highly toxic and can cause cancer in human cells, and the production amount is increasing day by day. Therefore, the proper disposal and resource utilization of sludge have received extensive attention. At present, most sludge in China is safely treated by land use, incineration and sanitary landfill. Among the above treatment methods, the incineration disposal method has developed rapidly due to its thorough harmlessness, significant volume reduction effect and limited harmful gas emissions. Especially in developed areas, there are many engineering applications, and relevant technical regulations and systems for sludge incineration processes have been formulated, promoting the rapid standardization and regularization of this technology.

[0003] The main heavy metals in sludge include Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cu, Cd, As, Hg, etc. Most heavy metals remain in the incineration ash during the sludge incineration process, a small part is discharged through the flue gas pipeline, and the incineration ash with excessive heavy metals is treated as hazardous waste, and the disposal cost is expensive. The domestic sludge incineration industry focuses on optimizing the incineration process, optimizing the tail gas treatment and reducing energy consumption, etc., pays less attention to the disposal and resource utilization of sludge incineration ash, and there is also a lack of research in this regard, which is the direction that needs to be further focused on in the sludge incineration process.

[0004] Waste incineration fly ash is a kind of hazardous waste generated after domestic waste incineration, which enriches harmful substances such as heavy metals, dioxins, furans, and soluble salts. In many countries, heat treatment technology is widely used to treat waste incineration fly ash. Heat treatment of waste incineration fly ash not only significantly reduces the volume of fly ash and remarkably decreases the leaching rate of heavy metals in fly ash, but also the products after heat treatment can be recycled. Heat treatment can be divided into three categories: sintering, melting, and vitrification. Usually, melting and vitrification are grouped together and called melting solidification or glass solidification. Melting technology is a relatively advanced harmless and resourceful treatment technology for waste incineration fly ash at home and abroad. Compared with cement solidification and chemical treatment, melting treatment has a thorough harmless degree, high product stability, moderate operating costs, significant reduction in volume, and can achieve resource utilization. Therefore, the melting of waste incineration fly ash has become a new research point in the field of solid waste treatment in recent years. For example, Chinese invention patent (ZL202111243803.6) relates to an electrically melted vitrified product of domestic waste incineration fly ash, and the mass percentage of its raw material components is as follows: fly ash is 40 - 50%, quartz sand is 10 - 15%, medical glass powder is 15 - 18%, soda ash is 5 - 9%, waste salt is 4 - 6%, aluminum ash is 3 - 5%, waste ceramic powder is 7 - 11%, borax is 1.5 - 2%, sodium nitrate is 1 - 1.5%, arsenic trioxide is 0.2 - 0.3%, cerium dioxide is 0.1 - 0.4%, and the electrically melted vitrified furnace is selected to be melted by the all-electric melting cold top process. The advantages of this application are that it has the characteristics of thorough harmless degree, high product stability, moderate treatment operating costs, and significant volume reduction, and has excellent acid resistance, water resistance, and alkali resistance, and is suitable for products such as decorative glass, water-quenched glass, glass rods, and glass balls, realizing the high-value utilization of fly ash, but it has the problem of poor hardness.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective method to treat sludge incineration ash and sludge incineration slag to achieve resource regeneration and reduce disposal costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vitrified treatment product containing sludge incineration ash and slag, its preparation method and uses, to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose and other related purposes, the present invention is obtained through the following technical solutions.

[0008] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a vitrified treatment product containing sludge incineration ash and slag, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0009]

[0010] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the vitrified product as described above, by electrofusing the raw materials to obtain the vitrified product.

[0011] The third object of the present invention is to provide the use of the vitrified product as described above in the preparation of glass products, or as aggregates for highway asphalt pavements, construction pebbles, gravels, construction sands, non-metallic abrasives for shot blasting, or building material substitute materials.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The vitrified product of the present invention containing sludge incineration ash and slag uses solid wastes such as sludge incineration ash, sludge incineration slag and sawdust as the main raw materials, and then is compounded with soda ash, sodium fluorosilicate, glass powder, sodium nitrate, barium carbonate and cerium dioxide, and can form a vitrified product that meets the requirements of the national standard "GB 41015-2021 Technical Requirements for Vitrified Products of Solid Wastes". The content of vitreous body in the vitrified product is ≥99%, the acid dissolution rate is ≤0.24%, and the content of harmful substances leached by water solubility and acid leaching is far lower than the standards specified in the "GB 41015-2021 Technical Requirements for Vitrified Products of Solid Wastes"; in addition, the vitrified product made thereof has high light transmittance and high hardness. Detailed implementation manners

[0014] One object of the present invention is to provide a vitrified product containing sludge incineration ash and slag, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0015]

[0016] Preferably, the parts by weight of the sludge incineration ash can be 48-52 parts, 48-50.5 parts, or can be 49-51.5 parts, or can be 50-52 parts, or can be 50 parts, 49.5 parts, 52 parts, 50.5 parts, 48 parts, 50 parts.

[0017] Preferably, the parts by weight of the sludge incineration slag can be 17-21 parts, 17-19.5 parts, or can be 18-20.5 parts, or can be 19-21 parts, or can be 19 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 21 parts, 19 parts, 17 parts.

[0018] Preferably, the sludge incineration ash is the dust removal ash after sludge incineration. Specifically, the sludge comes from the sludge of a sewage treatment plant. More specifically, the sludge incineration ash is the bag filter dust ash after the sludge of the sewage treatment plant is incinerated. The bag filter dust ash contains excessive heavy metals and is identified as hazardous waste. More preferably, the particle size of the sludge incineration ash is ≤40 mesh. More preferably, the chemical composition of the sludge incineration ash by mass percentage is: Al2O3 + SiO2 ≥ 62%, K2O + Na2O ≥ 4%, P2O5 ≥ 11.5%, MgO + CaO ≥ 8%, Fe2O3 ≤ 8.5%. The detection methods for each chemical component refer to the provisions of "GB / T 176 Methods of Chemical Analysis of Cement".

[0019] Preferably, the sludge incineration slag is the incineration slag after sludge incineration. Specifically, it can also be the bottom slag generated by the sludge of a sewage treatment plant in an incinerator. More preferably, the particle size of the sludge incineration slag is ≤4 mesh. More preferably, the chemical composition of the sludge incineration slag by mass percentage is: the content of Al2O3 + SiO2 ≥ 80%, the content of K2O + Na2O ≥ 4%, the content of P2O5 ≥ 6.5%, the content of MgO + CaO ≥ 3%, and the content of Fe2O3 ≤ 4%. The detection methods for each chemical component refer to the provisions of "GB / T 176 Methods of Chemical Analysis of Cement".

[0020] Preferably, the weight portion of the sawdust mud can be 8 - 10 parts, 8 - 8.8 parts, or can also be 8.5 - 9.5 parts, or can also be 9 - 10 parts, or can also be 9 parts, 10 parts, 8 parts, 8.8 parts, 9.5 parts, 9.6 parts.

[0021] Preferably, the sawdust mud is marble sawdust mud. More preferably, the particle size of the sawdust mud is ≤40 mesh. More preferably, the chemical composition of the sawdust mud by mass percentage is: the content of CaO ≥ 80%, and the content of Al2O3 + SiO2 ≤ 15%.

[0022] The present invention uses the sludge incineration ash, sludge incineration slag and marble sawdust from a sewage treatment plant as the main raw materials, fully utilizes the oxide components such as SiO2, Al2O3, P2O5, Fe2O3 in the sludge incineration ash and slag, fixes the heavy metals in the sludge incineration ash and slag in the vitreous body, reduces the leaching of heavy metals (the heavy metals in the acid-leached harmful substances and water-leached harmful substances are both lower than the lower limit of the standard), reduces the harm to the environment, and at the same time uses the P2O5 contained therein to increase the glass transition temperature. In addition, when producing secondary processed glass products such as foamed glass, foamed microcrystals, and lightweight glass, microcrystals will precipitate, significantly enhancing the thermal stability, physical properties and service life of the products; the marble sawdust introduces CaO into the vitrified product, and at the same time can accelerate the vitrification ability in the melting process and adjust the properties such as the color, light transmittance, and hardness of the vitreous body. The vitrified product of the present invention reduces the waste of natural resources, reduces environmental pollution while making full use of waste materials, and reduces production costs, which is conducive to improving economic benefits; at the same time, the vitreous body formed by the electrofusion process has a high degree of vitrification and has aesthetic and ornamental properties. In addition, the vitrified product can be sold externally as a resource product with high added value and has good economic efficiency.

[0023] Preferably, the weight parts of the soda ash can be 11-13 parts, or 11-11.8 parts, or 11.5-12.5 parts, or 12-13 parts, or 12 parts, 12.4 parts, 13 parts, 11 parts, 12.2 parts, 13 parts.

[0024] Preferably, the weight parts of the sodium fluorosilicate can be 1.5-2 parts, or 1.5-1.9 parts, or 1.8-2 parts, or 1.7 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 2 parts.

[0025] Preferably, the particle size of the glass powder is ≤80 mesh. The glass powder is ordinary waste bottle and jar glass, flat glass crushed material.

[0026] Preferably, the weight parts of the glass powder can be 4-6 parts, or 4-4.8 parts, or 4.5-5.5 parts, or 5-6 parts, or 5 parts, 6 parts, 4.4 parts, 4 parts, 5.5 parts, 5.4 parts.

[0027] Preferably, the particle size of the glass powder is ≤80 mesh.

[0028] Preferably, the weight parts of the sodium nitrate can be 2.5-3 parts, or 2.5-2.8 parts, or 2.7-3 parts, or 2.7 parts, 2.8 parts, 2.5 parts, 2.6 parts, 3 parts, 2.7 parts.

[0029] Preferably, the weight part of the barium carbonate can be 0.3 to 0.5 part, or 0.3 to 0.42 part, or 0.4 to 0.5 part, or 0.4 part, 0.5 part, 0.3 part, 0.3 part, 0.5 part, 0.4 part.

[0030] Preferably, the weight part of the cerium dioxide can be 0.2 to 0.3 part, or 0.2 to 0.25 part, or 0.22 to 0.3 part, or 0.2 part, 0.3 part.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the raw materials of the vitrification treatment product are: 50 parts of sludge incineration ash, 19 parts of sludge incineration slag, 9 parts of sawdust sludge, 12 parts of soda ash, 1.7 parts of sodium fluorosilicate, 5 parts of glass powder, 2.7 parts of sodium nitrate, 0.4 part of barium carbonate, and 0.2 part of cerium dioxide.

[0032] The soda ash in the vitrification treatment product of the present invention improves the vitrification ability of sludge incineration ash and slag, accelerates the vitrification process, and at the same time can also reduce the viscosity, which is beneficial to the flow and molding of the glass liquid. Sodium fluorosilicate is used to accelerate the vitrification ability of incineration ash and slag, and its positive effects also include: (1) improving the strength and toughness of the glass. During the glass melting process, adding sodium fluorosilicate can effectively fill the tiny cracks and defects inside the glass, forming a structure similar to a "bridge", thereby significantly enhancing the strength and toughness of the glass. (2) Improving the weather resistance and chemical stability of the glass. Sodium fluorosilicate has excellent high-temperature resistance, acid resistance, and alkali resistance, and can form a dense protective film on the glass surface, effectively preventing the corrosion of the glass by chemical substances such as acids and alkalis, and improving the weather resistance and chemical stability of the glass. (3) Reducing the surface energy of the glass product. Sodium fluorosilicate has a low surface energy, which can effectively prevent water droplets from forming on the glass surface, making the glass product more waterproof, antifogging, and antifouling, and improving the optical performance and service life of the glass. (4) Promoting the crystallization and homogenization of the glass. Sodium fluorosilicate can promote the lattice structure and chemical composition inside the glass to be more ordered and homogenized, thereby improving the physical and chemical properties of the glass.

[0033] The purpose of adding an appropriate amount of glass powder in the present invention, in addition to the conventional effects such as improving the melting speed, reducing power consumption, enhancing the quality of glass products, and extending the service life of the melting furnace, also serves to prevent the volatilization of low-melting-point substances in the raw materials in the present invention. The mechanism is that during the melting process of the raw materials inside the furnace, a small amount of low-melting-point substances will volatilize, move upward along the material gaps, and even a small amount will enter the flue gas system, causing trouble in tail gas treatment. Adding glass powder with a particle size ≤ 80 mesh can be melted in the first stage of melting in the furnace and adhere to each other, preventing the overflow of low-melting-point substances. Coupled with the design of the material layer thickness of 350 - 500 mm in the first stage, the volatile substances are adsorbed again as the temperature decreases in the upper part of the material layer and continuously diffuse into the high-temperature area at the lower part of the furnace and enter the glass body, avoiding their entry into the flue gas system and reducing the generation amount and disposal cost of the tail gas.

[0034] In the present invention, sodium nitrate is added to adjust the atmosphere during the melting process inside the furnace to reduce the depth of the color of the glass body and avoid the formation of Fe single substance during the vitrification of the material, eliminating the operation risk brought by the formation of Fe single substance to the furnace. The positive effects it brings also include: (1) Adjusting the glass composition: Sodium nitrate, as an oxidant, can adjust the glass composition. By adding an appropriate amount of sodium nitrate, the melting temperature of the glass can be increased, the melting speed of the glass can be accelerated, and the stability and transparency of the glass can be improved. (2) Promoting glass processing: Sodium nitrate can also promote the glass processing process. It acts as a catalyst during the glass heating process, accelerating the redox reaction and enhancing the pyrolysis performance and thermal deformation ability of the glass. (3) Reducing bubbles: Some bubbles will be generated during the glass melting process, and the clarifying agent used to reduce such bubbles is the nitrification reaction salt, that is, sodium nitrate. Sodium nitrate is also used as a decolorizing agent to remove the overly deep color brought by the coloring elements in the slag, making the glass show a transparent color effect.

[0035] In the present invention, barium carbonate can improve the light transmittance of the glass, reduce the refractive index of the glass, reduce the absorption and scattering of light by the glass, and increase the light transmittance, thereby enhancing the light transmittance of the glass; it can also improve the hardness and heat resistance of the glass. Utilizing the characteristics of high melting point and large density of barium carbonate, adding it to the glass can improve the hardness and heat resistance of the glass, making the glass more firm and durable and better able to withstand external impacts and high-temperature effects; in terms of optical modification, it can change the color and ultraviolet resistance of the glass, thereby enhancing its aesthetic property; in addition, the addition of barium carbonate can control the melting point and thermal expansion coefficient of the glass, reduce the expansion during the cooling process of the glass, contribute to controlling the shape and size of the glass products, and improve the product qualification rate.

[0036] In the present invention, cerium dioxide significantly improves various properties of glass. During the glass manufacturing process, adding an appropriate amount of cerium dioxide to the glass can enhance the corrosion resistance and anti-pollution ability of the glass. Cerium dioxide can adsorb and neutralize harmful gases and particulate matter in the air, reducing their erosion and damage to the glass surface. In addition, cerium dioxide can also improve the optical properties of the glass, making it have better transparency and anti-reflection ability. (2) Promote the oxidation reaction on the glass surface: The addition of cerium dioxide can promote the oxidation reaction on the glass surface, forming a more stable oxide film. This oxide film can prevent the penetration of moisture and pollutants, protecting the glass surface from damage. (3) Improve the wettability of the glass: Cerium dioxide can also improve the wettability of the glass surface, making the water droplets form a smaller contact angle on the glass surface, reducing the retention and pollution of water droplets. The role of cerium dioxide is essential for enhancing the surface properties and visual aesthetic of glass stones, glass balls, and glass ornaments.

[0037] The second object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a vitrified product, by electro-fusing the raw materials to obtain the vitrified product.

[0038] Preferably, the melting includes at least 6 stages, where:

[0039] The melting temperature in the first stage rises from 25°C to 600 - 700°C, and the melting time in the first stage is 90 - 130 min;

[0040] The melting temperature in the second stage is increased by 100 - 400°C, and the melting time in the second stage is 40 - 70 min;

[0041] The melting temperature in the third stage is increased by 100 - 600°C, and the melting time in the third stage is 80 - 100 min;

[0042] The melting temperature in the fourth stage is increased by 100 - 540°C, and the melting time in the fourth stage is 70 - 100 min;

[0043] The melting temperature in the fifth stage is 1500 - 1600°C, and the melting time in the fifth stage is 150 - 200 min;

[0044] The melting temperature in the sixth stage is decreased by 100 - 140°C, and the melting time in the sixth stage is 30 - 60 min.

[0045] More preferably,

[0046] The melting temperature in the first stage is increased to 600 - 700°C, and the melting time in the first stage is 110 - 120 min;

[0047] The melting temperature in the second stage is increased to 900 - 1000°C, and the melting time in the second stage is 40 - 50 min;

[0048] The melting temperature in the third stage is raised to 1200 - 1300 °C, and the melting time in the third stage is 80 - 90 min;

[0049] The melting temperature in the fourth stage is raised to 1440 - 1540 °C, and the melting time in the fourth stage is 70 - 80 min;

[0050] The melting temperature in the fifth stage is maintained at 1440 - 1540 °C, and the melting time in the fifth stage is 170 - 180 min;

[0051] The melting temperature in the sixth stage is lowered to 1300 - 1400 °C, and the melting time in the sixth stage is 30 - 40 min.

[0052] Preferably, the electrofusion melting is carried out in a U-shaped electrofusion glass furnace.

[0053] More preferably, a stacked material layer with a thickness of 350 - 500 mm is formed at the feeding end of the U-shaped electrofusion glass furnace. Preferably, it is 420 mm. In this application, the electrofusion glass furnace is designed in a U shape, and a material layer with this thickness is designed at the feeding end of one end of the U shape to form a cold top design. On the one hand, it can effectively prevent the volatilized gas from emitting from the feeding port, which is beneficial to the volatilized gas entering the vitrified treatment product, thereby improving the product performance; in addition, it is also beneficial for the operator to feed materials. The other end of the U-shaped electrofusion glass furnace is the discharging end.

[0054] Preferably, it further includes forming, and the forming includes: pressing and forming by a forming machine, or forming after water quenching and crushing.

[0055] The electrofusion melting of the present invention adopts an electrofusion process, combined with a cold top design and a deep material layer layout. The amount of flue gas generated during the whole process is extremely small, and almost no waste water and waste residue are generated during the whole treatment process.

[0056] The third object of the present invention is to provide the use of the vitrified treatment product as described above in the preparation of glass products, or as highway asphalt pavement aggregates, construction pebbles, gravels, construction sand, non-metallic abrasives for shot blasting, or building material substitutes.

[0057] Preferably, the glass products are selected from one or more of glass colored stones, glass balls, foamed glass, foamed microcrystals, glass light stones, and glass ornaments.

[0058] The vitrified product of the present invention uses solid waste sludge incineration ash, sludge incineration slag and sawdust as the main raw materials, and is compounded with soda ash, sodium fluorosilicate, glass powder, sodium nitrate, barium carbonate and cerium dioxide, and is melted by electrofusion. While realizing the resource recycling utilization, less waste gas and waste are generated during the production process, and the disposal cost is low; in addition, the performance of the obtained vitrified product is much higher than the requirements of "Technical Requirements for Vitrified Products of Solid Waste" (GB 41015-2021). Subsequently, it can form glass products with high visible light transmittance and high hardness, and can be sold as aggregates for highway asphalt pavements, construction pebbles, gravels, construction sand, non-metallic abrasives for shot blasting or building material substitutes, further reducing the solid waste treatment cost, and the economic and social benefits are remarkable.

[0059] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0060] Before further describing the specific implementation manners of the present invention, it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation manners described below; it should also be understood that the terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific implementation manners, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention. The test methods without specific conditions noted in the following embodiments are generally carried out under conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by each manufacturer.

[0061] When the embodiments give numerical ranges, it should be understood that unless otherwise specified in the present invention, any numerical value between the two endpoints of each numerical range and any one of the two endpoints can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art of this technology. In addition to the specific methods, equipment and materials used in the embodiments, according to the knowledge of those skilled in the art of this technology and the description of the present invention, any methods, equipment and materials similar or equivalent to the methods, equipment and materials described in the embodiments of the present invention can also be used to implement the present invention.

[0062] In the following embodiments of the present application, soda ash, sodium fluorosilicate, sodium nitrate, barium carbonate and cerium dioxide are of industrial grade; the sludge comes from a sewage treatment plant in Shanghai. After being incinerated in an incinerator, the bag filter dust and bottom slag captured are used.

[0063] The particle size of the sludge incineration ash is 100 mesh, Al2O3 + SiO2 = 67.8%, K2O + Na2O = 4.8%, P2O5 = 12.8%, MgO + CaO = 8.5%, Fe2O3 = 6.3%.

[0064] The particle size of the sludge incineration slag is 5 mesh, Al2O3 + SiO2 = 81.5%, K2O + Na2O = 4.3%, P2O5 = 7.5%, MgO + CaO = 3.8%, Fe2O3 = 3.0%.

[0065] The particle size of the sawdust sludge is 80 mesh, CaO = 85.5%, Al2O3 + SiO2 = 13.5%.

[0066] The particle size of the glass powder is 100 mesh.

[0067] Examples 1 - 6

[0068] Referring to the formula in Table 1, various raw materials are weighed by weight percentage and then fully mixed, and melted using a fully electric melting glass furnace. Under normal production conditions, the temperature control and heating system of the materials in the furnace is as follows:

[0069] The first stage: Raise the temperature from room temperature of 25°C to 700°C within 120 minutes;

[0070] The second stage: Raise the temperature from 700°C to 1000°C within 50 minutes;

[0071] The third stage: Raise the temperature from 1000°C to 1300°C within 90 minutes;

[0072] The fourth stage: Raise the temperature from 1300°C to 1540°C within 80 minutes;

[0073] The fifth stage: Keep the temperature at 1540°C unchanged, and the heat preservation time is 180 minutes;

[0074] The sixth stage: Lower the temperature from 1540°C to 1400°C within 40 minutes.

[0075] Table 1 Raw material compositions of Examples 1 - 6 and Comparative Examples 1 - 4, wt%

[0076]

[0077] Comparative Examples 1 - 4

[0078] In Comparative Example 1: The addition amount of sodium fluorosilicate is lower than 1.5 - 2 parts, being 0.5 part, and the rest of the raw materials are within the protection range. The specific formula is shown in Table 1.

[0079] In Comparative Example 2: The addition amount of sodium nitrate is lower than 2.5 - 3 parts, being 1 part; the rest of the raw materials are within the protection range. The specific formula is shown in Table 1.

[0080] In Comparative Example 3: The addition amount of cerium dioxide is lower than 0.2 - 0.3 parts, being 0 part; the rest of the raw materials are within the protection range. The specific formula is shown in Table 1.

[0081] In Comparative Example 4: the addition amount of sludge incineration ash is higher than 48 - 52 parts, being 53.5 parts, and the addition amount of glass powder is lower than 4 - 6 parts, being 1 part; the addition amounts of the remaining raw materials are all within the protection scope, and the specific formula is shown in Table 1.

[0082] Perform tests on the vitreous content, acid dissolution loss rate, harmful substance content in water leaching, and harmful substance content in acid leaching of the vitrified products obtained in Examples 1 - 6 and Comparative Examples 1 - 4.

[0083] Tests on vitreous content, acid dissolution loss rate, harmful substance content in water leaching, and harmful substance content in acid leaching: comply with the regulations on vitreous content, acid dissolution loss rate, harmful substance content in water leaching, and harmful substance content in acid leaching specified in the national standard "GB 41015 - 2021 Technical Requirements for Vitrified Products of Solid Wastes". The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0084] Hardness: Mohs hardness is measured by scratching the surface of the tested mineral with a pyramidal diamond drill bit using the indentation method and measuring the depth of the scratch. The depth of this scratch is the Mohs hardness, represented by the symbol HM, and scratch back and forth 10 times.

[0085] Determination of visible light transmittance: Refer to "ISO9050 - 2003 Building Glass, Light Transmittance, Direct Sunlight Transmittance, Total Solar Energy Transmittance and Ultraviolet Transmittance".

[0086] Table 2 Test Results of Examples 1 - 6 and Comparative Examples 1 - 4

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] As can be seen from Table 2, in the vitrified products obtained by the present invention, the vitreous content ≥ 99%, and the acid dissolution loss rate ≤ 0.24%, which are far higher than the regulations in the "GB 41015 - 2021 Technical Requirements for Vitrified Products of Solid Wastes" standard that the vitreous content shall not be less than 85% and the acid dissolution loss rate shall not be greater than 3%; and the harmful substance content in water leaching and the harmful substance content in acid leaching are far lower than the regulations in the "GB 41015 - 2021 Technical Requirements for Vitrified Products of Solid Wastes" standard.

[0090] As can be seen from Table 2, the content of sodium fluorosilicate in Comparative Example 1 is 0.5%, which is on the low side, and the vitrification ability during the melting process is weakened. The test results show that the vitreous content is 98.4%, which fails to meet the standard.

[0091] As can be seen from Table 2, the content of sodium nitrate in Comparative Example 2 is 1%, which is too low, weakening its role during the melting process, resulting in too dark a color of the vitrified product and the appearance of a small amount of visible microbubbles, reducing the visual beauty and transparency effect of the product, being unfavorable for sales, and enriching elemental Fe at the bottom of the kiln. After long-term operation of the kiln, iron seepage occurs in the bottom brick joints, bringing great safety risks.

[0092] As can be seen from Table 2, cerium dioxide is not contained in Comparative Example 3, weakening its role during the melting process, reducing the wettability of the surface of the vitrified product, resulting in the product surface being easily contaminated by water stains or other pollutants, reducing the surface performance and visual beauty of the product, and bringing an adverse use experience to customers.

[0093] As can be seen from Table 2, the content of glass powder in Comparative Example 4 is 1%, which is too low, weakening its role during the melting process, resulting in an increase in the melting energy consumption of the kiln, a decrease in the vitrification melting speed of the raw materials, and the appearance of a small amount of low-melting metal oxides in the tail gas, bringing an increase in the tail gas treatment cost. The test results show that the content of the vitreous body is 98.6%, which fails to meet the standard.

[0094] The Mohs hardness of the vitrified product obtained in the present invention is 6 - 7. The Mohs hardness of Comparative Examples 1 - 4 is generally lower than that of Examples 1 - 6 of the present application.

[0095] The visible light transmittance of the vitrified product obtained in the present invention is above 0.785. The highest visible light transmittance of Comparative Examples 1 - 4 is 0.556.

[0096] Generally speaking, the vitrified product of the present invention uses solid waste sludge incineration ash, sludge incineration slag and sawdust as the main raw materials, and is compounded with soda ash, sodium fluorosilicate, glass powder, sodium nitrate, barium carbonate and cerium dioxide and melted by electrofusion to achieve resource regeneration. During the production process, less waste gas and waste are generated, and the disposal cost is low. In addition, the performance of the obtained vitrified product is far higher than the requirements of "Technical Requirements for Solid Waste Vitrified Products" (GB 41015 - 2021). The obtained vitrified product can form glass products with high visible light transmittance and hardness, and can be sold as aggregate for highway asphalt pavement, construction pebbles, crushed stones, construction sand, non-metallic abrasives for shot blasting or building material substitutes, obtaining certain economic benefits and further reducing the solid waste treatment cost.

[0097] The above embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vitrified treatment product containing sludge incineration ash residue, characterized in that, It contains raw materials in the following parts by weight:

2. The vitrification product according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge incineration ash is the dust removal ash after sludge incineration; And / or; the sludge incineration slag is the bottom slag generated by the sludge incinerator; And / or, the sawdust is marble sawdust.

3. The vitrified product according to claim 2, wherein, The particle size of the sludge incineration ash is ≤40 mesh; And / or, the chemical composition of the sludge incineration ash by mass percentage is: the content of Al2O3 + SiO2 ≥ 62%, the content of K2O + Na2O ≥ 4%, the content of P2O5 ≥ 11.5%, the content of MgO + CaO ≥ 8%, and the content of Fe2O3 ≤ 8.5%; And / or, the particle size of the sludge incineration slag is ≤4 mesh; And / or, the chemical composition of the sludge incineration slag by mass percentage is: the content of Al2O3 + SiO2 ≥ 80%, the content of K2O + Na2O ≥ 4%, the content of P2O5 ≥ 6.5%, the content of MgO + CaO ≥ 3%, and the content of Fe2O3 ≤ 4%; And / or, the particle size of the sawdust is ≤40 mesh; And / or, the chemical composition of the sawdust by mass percentage is: the content of CaO ≥ 80%, and the content of Al2O3 + SiO2 ≤ 15%; And / or, the particle size of the glass powder is ≤80 mesh.

4. The preparation method of the vitrified product according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The raw materials are electrically melted to obtain the vitrified product.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein The melting includes at least 6 stages, where: The melting temperature in the first stage rises from 25°C to 600 - 700°C, and the melting time in the first stage is 90 - 130 min; The melting temperature in the second stage is increased by 100 - 400°C, and the melting time in the second stage is 40 - 70 min; The melting temperature in the third stage is increased by 100 - 600°C, and the melting time in the third stage is 80 - 100 min; The melting temperature in the fourth stage is increased by 100 - 540°C, and the melting time in the fourth stage is 70 - 100 min; The melting temperature in the fifth stage is 1500 - 1600°C, and the melting time in the fifth stage is 150 - 200 min; The melting temperature in the sixth stage is decreased by 100 - 140°C, and the melting time in the sixth stage is 30 - 60 min.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein The melting temperature in the first stage is increased to 600 - 700°C, and the melting time in the first stage is 110 - 120 min; The melting temperature in the second stage is increased to 900 - 1000°C, and the melting time in the second stage is 40 - 50 min; The melting temperature in the third stage is increased to 1200 - 1300°C, and the melting time in the third stage is 80 - 90 min; The melting temperature in the fourth stage is increased to 1440 - 1540°C, and the melting time in the fourth stage is 70 - 80 min; The melting temperature in the fifth stage is maintained at 1440 - 1540°C, and the melting time in the fifth stage is 170 - 180 min; The melting temperature in the sixth stage is decreased to 1300 - 1400°C, and the melting time in the sixth stage is 30 - 40 min.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, An inverted U-shaped electric melting glass furnace is adopted, and a stacked material layer with a thickness of 350 - 500 mm is formed at the feeding end of the inverted U-shaped electric melting glass furnace for the mixed material formed by the raw materials.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes forming, and the forming includes: forming by pressing with a forming machine, or forming after quenching and pulverizing with water.

9. Use of the vitrified product according to any one of claims 1-3 in the preparation of glass products, or as aggregates for highway asphalt pavements, construction pebbles, crushed stones, construction sand, non-metallic abrasives for shot blasting, or building material substitutes.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The glass products are selected from one or more of glass colored stones, glass balls, foamed glass, foamed microcrystals, glass lightweight aggregates, and glass ornaments.

Images