Vertical charcoal production carbonization furnace and charcoal production method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbonization furnaces, and discloses a charcoal vertical production carbonization furnace which comprises a furnace body, the top of the furnace body fixedly communicates with a feeding bin, heat supply boxes are arranged on the two sides of the furnace body, a plurality of heat conduction rods are arranged in the heat supply boxes and connected with the side wall of the furnace body in an inserted mode, one ends of the heat conduction rods are located in the heat supply boxes, and the other ends of the heat conduction rods are located in the furnace body. One end of the furnace body is located in the furnace body, the other end of the furnace body is located in the furnace body, a material distributing assembly is arranged on the upper portion of the interior of the furnace body and feeds materials into different positions in the furnace body according to the sizes of the materials, and a purifying assembly is arranged at the top of the furnace body and purifies smoke generated by carbonization and recycles the smoke. Tar in smoke can be extracted out, so that the smoke is purified, environmental pollution is reduced, the gas can serve as a heat source to supplement heat after spontaneous combustion, energy recycling is achieved, and the energy utilization efficiency in the carbonization process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbonization furnaces, and particularly relates to a vertical biochar production carbonization furnace and a carbonization method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A vertical biochar production carbonization furnace is a device specifically used for producing biochar. It adopts a vertical structure and converts biomass raw materials into biochar and by-products through specific processes and chemical reactions. This device usually has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy conservation, and environmental protection, and can achieve continuous and automated production, and is applicable to multiple fields such as carbon-based fertilizer production and activated carbon preparation.

[0003] During the carbonization process, a large amount of flue gas containing tar and other pollutants is generated. Traditional purification methods often have problems of low purification efficiency and insufficient energy reuse. The presence of tar in the flue gas not only affects the purification effect of the flue gas but also may cause corrosion and blockage to subsequent equipment.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a vertical biochar production carbonization furnace and a carbonization method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one of the technical problems proposed in the background art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A vertical biochar production carbonization furnace of the present invention includes a furnace body. A feeding bin is fixedly communicated with the top of the furnace body. Heat supply boxes are arranged on both sides of the furnace body. A plurality of heat conduction rods are arranged inside the heat supply boxes. A plurality of heat conduction rods are all inserted into the side wall of the furnace body. One end of the heat conduction rod is located inside the heat supply box, and the other end is located inside the furnace body. A material distribution component is arranged above the inside of the furnace body. The material distribution component distributes materials to different positions inside the furnace body according to the size of the materials. A purification component is arranged on the top of the furnace body. The purification component purifies the flue gas generated by carbonization and recycles it.

[0007] Preferably, the material distribution component includes a material blocking plate. Hinge seats are fixedly connected to both sides of the material blocking plate. Lowering plates are hinged to the inner walls of the hinge seats. A plurality of groups of discharge holes are formed on the surface of the lowering plates. The aperture of each group of discharge holes gradually increases from top to bottom. A vibration component for driving the lowering plates to vibrate is arranged at the bottom of both lowering plates.

[0008] Preferably, the vibration component includes a motor. The motor is fixedly installed on the side of the furnace body. Rotating rods are rotatably connected to both sides of the furnace body. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of one of the rotating rods. A plurality of convex block rings are fixedly connected to the outer walls of both rotating rods. The outer walls of the smooth surfaces of the two groups of convex block rings are attached to the bottom of one side of the lowering plate. A transmission ring is fixedly connected to one side of both rotating rods. A transmission belt is drivingly connected between the outer walls of the two transmission rings.

[0009] Preferably, receiving plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the two blanking plates, a torsion spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the receiving plate, and one end of the torsion spring away from the receiving plate is fixedly connected to the side surface of the material blocking plate.

[0010] Preferably, the purification assembly includes two purification boxes, an activated carbon plate is fixedly connected between the tops of the two purification boxes, a drainage plate is fixedly connected to one side of the activated carbon plate, the drainage plate is fixedly installed on the top of the furnace body, smoke outlet bins are symmetrically and fixedly communicated with the top of the furnace body, a liquid flow plate is fixedly connected between the bottoms of the two purification boxes, and a filter plate is fixedly connected between the liquid flow plate and the drainage plate.

[0011] Preferably, a liquid separation membrane plate is fixedly connected between the two sides of the activated carbon plate and the liquid flow plate, an electric shock block is fixedly installed on the top of the activated carbon plate, an anti-slope plate is fixedly connected to one side close to the left liquid separation membrane plate, an oil receiving box is fixedly communicated with the bottom of the liquid flow plate, a drip oil pipe is fixedly communicated with one side of the oil receiving box, and a collection box is arranged at the bottom of the drip oil pipe.

[0012] Preferably, an inner connection plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the furnace body, a telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the top of the inner connection plate, and one end of the telescopic rod away from the inner connection plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material blocking plate.

[0013] Preferably, a gas gathering hood is fixedly connected to one side of the activated carbon plate and the liquid flow plate, a plurality of air flow pipes are fixedly communicated with the bottom of the gas gathering hood, the air flow pipes are all inserted into the top of the heat supply box, one-way valves are arranged on the outer parts of the air flow pipes, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the side surfaces of the air flow pipes.

[0014] A vertical carbonization furnace for producing biochar, and now a carbonization method applicable to this equipment is proposed: S1. Select suitable biomass raw materials, such as straws, branches, etc., and put them into the inside of the feeding bin for crushing; S2. After the materials are crushed, they first fall onto the upper surface of the blanking plate, and the feeding component is used to put materials of different sizes into different positions inside the furnace body; S3. Add firewood or charcoal into the inside of the heat supply box as the heat source for carbonization, and a plurality of heat conducting rods transfer the heat to the inside of the furnace body to carbonize the materials; S4. The bottom of the feeding bin is blocked by the upward movement of the material blocking plate and the hinge seat, so that the flue gas generated by carbonization can only flow into the purification component from the smoke outlet bin; S5. The purification component filters impurities, adsorbs tar molecules in the flue gas, and condenses them into liquid tar for collection; S6. After the flue gas is purified by the purification component, it flows into the inside of the heat supply box for spontaneous combustion, and the spontaneous combustion can generate more heat for the furnace body to use, and supplement the heat in the middle and late stages of carbonization.

[0015] A carbonization method for a vertical carbonization furnace of biochar, and the purification component includes the following steps: G1. The flue gas will first pass through the filter plate, and the filter plate intercepts some small impurities attached to the flue gas; G2. The flue gas flows along the bottom surface of the activated carbon plate, and the activated carbon plate adsorbs the tar molecules in the flue gas into the internal pores; G3. The tar molecules condense into a liquid state to form tar droplets under the cooling effect of the activated carbon plate; G4. The tar droplets flow onto the upper surface of the liquid flow plate and flow along the inclined surface of the liquid flow plate into the oil collecting box for collection; G5. The purified flue gas flows into the interior of the heat supply box from the air outlet, and the flue gas can absorb the heat at the heat source and burn spontaneously.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. For the vertical carbonization furnace of biochar and its carbonization method of the present invention, through the feeding component, the materials can be placed at different positions inside the furnace body according to their sizes. Larger materials are closer to the heat sources on both sides of the furnace body, and can be heated and carbonized faster; while smaller materials are farther away from the heat sources, which can avoid overburning or charring, thus ensuring that all materials can be carbonized in the best state.

[0017] 2. For the vertical carbonization furnace of biochar and its carbonization method of the present invention, through the purification component, the tar in the flue gas can be extracted, thereby purifying the flue gas and reducing environmental pollution. After the gas burns spontaneously, it can be used as a heat source to supplement heat, thus realizing the reuse of energy and improving the energy utilization efficiency of the carbonization process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is the overall three-dimensional view of the present invention; Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace body in the present invention; Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the structure at the plugging plate in the present invention; Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the structure at the convex block ring in the present invention; Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the structure at the feeding plate in the present invention; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the structure at the purification box in the present invention; Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the structure at the liquid separation membrane plate in the present invention; Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the structure at the activated carbon plate in the present invention; Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the airflow pipe in the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. feed bin; 3. heating box; 4. heat conducting rod; 5. blocking plate; 6. hinge seat; 7. unloading plate; 8. discharge hole; 9. inner plate; 10. telescopic rod; 11. motor; 12. rotating rod; 13. convex ring; 14. receiving plate; 15. transmission ring; 16. transmission belt; 17. torsion spring; 18. purification box; 19. smoke outlet bin; 20. drainage plate; 21. activated carbon plate; 22. liquid flow plate; 23. liquid isolation membrane plate; 24. reverse inclined plate; 25. filter plate; 26. electric shock block; 27. oil collecting box; 28. oil dripping pipe; 29. ​​collecting box; 30. gas gathering hood; 31. air flow pipe; 32. one-way valve; 33. air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a vertical biochar production carbonization furnace, comprising a furnace body 1, the top of the furnace body 1 is fixedly connected to a feeding bin 2, heating boxes 3 are arranged on both sides of the furnace body 1, a plurality of heat-conducting rods 4 are arranged inside the heating box 3, and the plurality of heat-conducting rods 4 are all plugged into the side wall of the furnace body 1, one end of the heat-conducting rod 4 is located inside the heating box 3, and the other end is located inside the furnace body 1, a material dividing component is arranged above the interior of the furnace body 1, and the material dividing component puts the material into different positions inside the furnace body 1 according to the size of the material, and a purification component is arranged on the top of the furnace body 1, and the purification component purifies the flue gas generated by carbonization and recycles it.

[0023] During operation: An externally connected crushing component is provided inside the feeding bin 2. Appropriate biomass raw materials, such as straw, branches, etc., are selected and put into the inside of the feeding bin 2. After the materials are crushed, they will enter the inside of the furnace body 1 through the outlet at the bottom. After the materials are crushed and enter the inside of the furnace body 1, they will first fall into the material distribution component. The material distribution component can distribute the materials to different positions inside the furnace body 1 according to the size of the materials, so that the larger materials are close to the heat sources on both sides of the furnace body 1, while the smaller materials are far from the heat sources on both sides of the furnace body 1. After the materials fall to the bottom of the furnace body 1 through the material distribution component, firewood or charcoal is added to the inside of the heating box 3 as the heat source for carbonization. Several heat conducting rods 4 transfer the heat to the inside of the furnace body 1. The high-temperature hot gas carbonizes the materials inside the furnace body 1. The carbonization process lasts for about 1-2 hours. During this process, flue gas will be continuously generated. The flue gas will flow upward into the purification component. The purification component extracts the tar in the flue gas. A large amount of combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, methane, and hydrogen exist in the extracted flue gas. After the flue gas is purified, it will flow into the inside of the heating box 3. The combustible gas will spontaneously combust when it encounters the heat source. During the carbonization process, the heat generated by the continuous consumption of firewood or charcoal will gradually decrease in the middle and late stages, while the purified flue gas will supplement heat to the heat source during spontaneous combustion, so that the carbonization process proceeds stably and continuously. Through the above embodiments, the material distribution component can distribute the materials to different positions inside the furnace body according to the size of the materials. The larger materials are close to the heat sources on both sides of the furnace body and can be heated and carbonized faster; while the smaller materials are far from the heat source, which can avoid overburning or charring, thus ensuring that all materials can be carbonized in the best state. The purification component can extract the tar in the flue gas, thus purifying the flue gas and reducing environmental pollution. The gas can be used as a heat source to supplement heat after spontaneous combustion, thus realizing the reuse of energy and improving the energy utilization efficiency of the carbonization process.

[0024] It should be noted that although the purified flue gas will absorb a part of the heat of the heat source and spontaneously combust after entering the inside of the heating box 3, since the flue gas itself carries a large amount of heat energy during the carbonization process, the heat it absorbs is much less than the heat it spontaneously releases. When these gases burn and exchange heat inside the heating box 3, a large amount of heat will be released. When the flue gas absorbs heat, since its temperature is already relatively high, the spontaneous combustion of the purified flue gas can effectively solve the problem of heat decline in the middle and late stages of the heat source.

[0025] As Figures 3 to 4 shown, the material distribution component includes a material blocking plate 5. Hinge seats 6 are fixedly connected to both sides of the material blocking plate 5. Lowering plates 7 are hinged to the inner walls of the hinge seats 6. A plurality of groups of discharge holes 8 are formed on the surface of the lowering plates 7. The aperture of each group of discharge holes 8 gradually increases from top to bottom. Vibration components for driving the lowering plates 7 to vibrate are provided at the bottoms of the two lowering plates 7.

[0026] During operation: In this state, the blanking plate 7 is in an inclined state. When the material is crushed, it will fall from the bottom outlet of the feeding bin 2 above the surfaces of the two blanking plates 7. Due to the inclined state of the blanking plate 7 and the action of the vibration assembly, the material will flow downward along the slope of the blanking plate 7. At this time, the smaller material will first fall into the bottom of the furnace body 1 through the discharge holes 8 with a smaller diameter, while the larger material will continue to flow along the surface of the blanking plate 7 and fall into the bottom of the furnace body 1 through the discharge holes 8 with a size adapted to it. Materials of different sizes will fall through the discharge holes 8 with different diameters, which will cause the larger materials to be close to the heat sources on both sides of the furnace body 1, and the smaller materials to be far from the heat sources on both sides of the furnace body 1, helping to improve the carbonization efficiency and ensuring that the materials can be carbonized fully and evenly.

[0027] As Figures 3 to 4 shown, the vibration assembly includes a motor 11, which is fixedly installed on the side of the furnace body 1. Rotating rods 12 are rotatably connected to both sides of the furnace body 1. One end of the output shaft of the motor 11 is fixedly connected to one end of one of the rotating rods 12. A number of bump rings 13 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two rotating rods 12. The outer walls of the smooth surfaces of the two groups of bump rings 13 are in contact with the bottom on one side of the blanking plate 7. One side of each of the two rotating rods 12 is fixedly connected to a transmission ring 15, and a transmission belt 16 is connected in transmission between the outer walls of the two transmission rings 15.

[0028] During operation: When the material is being fed, the motor 11 is started. The two rotating rods 12 will rotate simultaneously under the transmission relationship of the transmission rings 15 and the transmission belt 16. When the two rotating rods 12 rotate, they will drive the bump rings 13 to rotate. When the protruding position of the bump ring 13 rotates to the bottom of the blanking plate 7, it will squeeze the bottom of the blanking plate 7, causing an upward force to appear at the bottom on one side of the blanking plate 7, and the blanking plate 7 will rotate around the shaft rod of the hinge seat 6 as the center point, so that when the material is above the blanking plate 7, it will have the effect of quickly sliding down along the surface of the blanking plate 7; In addition, the specific equipment of the material distribution component is inside the furnace body 1. After the material is put in different areas, in order to prevent the specific equipment of the material distribution component from aging due to the high temperature of carbonization, an anti-corrosion coating is applied on the surface of the equipment to prevent oxidation reaction and corrosion phenomenon at high temperature.

[0029] As Figures 3 to 4 shown, receiving plates 14 are fixedly connected to both sides of the two blanking plates 7. A torsion spring 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the receiving plate 14. One end of the torsion spring 17 away from the receiving plate 14 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the blanking block 5.

[0030] During operation: When the position of the convex bump ring 13 rotates to the bottom of the blanking plate 7 and presses one end of the blanking plate 7 to lift it upward, the torsion spring 17 will be stretched and deformed. When the smooth outer wall of the convex bump ring 13 fits with the bottom of the blanking plate 7, the blanking plate 7 will reset upward under the action of the torsion spring 17. In this way, the blanking plate 7 swings up and down continuously, so that the surface of the blanking plate 7 has a vibrating effect, enabling the material to slide down along the slope of the blanking plate 7 and fall better from the corresponding discharge hole 8.

[0031] As Figures 7 to 8 shown, the purification component includes two purification boxes 18. A carbon activated plate 21 is fixedly connected between the tops of the two purification boxes 18. A diversion plate 20 is fixedly connected to one side of the carbon activated plate 21. The diversion plate 20 is fixedly installed on the top of the furnace body 1. Smoke outlets 19 are symmetrically and fixedly communicated with the top of the furnace body 1. A liquid flow plate 22 is fixedly connected between the bottoms of the two purification boxes 18. A filter plate 25 is fixedly connected between the liquid flow plate 22 and the diversion plate 20.

[0032] During operation: By arranging the purification box 18, the whole purification component is in a sealed space. When the flue gas flows out through the outlet of the smoke outlet 19, it will first pass through the filter plate 25, and the filter plate 25 intercepts some small impurities attached to the flue gas. The flue gas will continue to flow along the bottom of the diversion plate 20. When the flue gas flows to the bottom surface of the carbon activated plate 21, the carbon activated plate 21 adsorbs the tar molecules in the flue gas into the internal pores, and the flue gas will continuously flow along the bottom surface of the carbon activated plate 21, thus completing the whole process of purifying the flue gas.

[0033] As Figures 7 to 8 shown, partition liquid membranes 23 are fixedly connected between the two sides of the carbon activated plate 21 and the liquid flow plate 22. An electric shock block 26 is fixedly installed on the top of the carbon activated plate 21. An anti-slope plate 24 is fixedly connected to one side close to the left partition liquid membrane 23. An oil receiving box 27 is fixedly communicated with the bottom of the liquid flow plate 22. A drip oil pipe 28 is fixedly communicated with one side of the oil receiving box 27. A collection box 29 is arranged at the bottom of the drip oil pipe 28.

[0034] During operation: When tar molecules are adsorbed in the pores inside the activated carbon plate 21, due to the cooling effect of the activated carbon plate 21, the tar will condense into a liquid state and adhere to the bottom surface of the activated carbon plate 21. As the flue gas continues to flow in, the liquid adsorbed by the activated carbon plate 21 gradually increases, and the liquid will gradually form larger liquid droplets. When the weight of the liquid droplets is large enough, the electro-vibrating block 26 drives the activated carbon plate 21 to vibrate, and the tar liquid droplets will flow along the bottom surface of the activated carbon plate 21 to the side surface of the liquid separation membrane plate 23 on the right. Since the liquid separation membrane plate 23 does not allow liquid to pass through, the tar liquid droplets will flow onto the upper surface of the liquid flow plate 22 and flow into the oil receiving box 27 along the inclined surface of the liquid flow plate 22. The liquid droplets in the oil receiving box 27 will gradually flow into the collection box 29 through the drip oil pipe 28 for collection. The setting of the liquid separation membrane plate 23 not only prevents the liquid from passing through, but also ensures that the flue gas can continue to flow into the sealed space formed by the activated carbon plate 21 and the liquid flow plate 22 for purification. By setting the anti-inclined plate 24, it is avoided that the flue gas flows into the oil receiving box 27. After the flue gas flows along the bottom surface of the activated carbon plate 21, it will flow out through the liquid separation membrane plate 23 on the left, ensuring the smoothness of the entire treatment process.

[0035] As Figure 3 shown, an inner connection plate 9 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the furnace body 1, and a telescopic rod 10 is fixedly installed at the top of the inner connection plate 9. One end of the telescopic rod 10 away from the inner connection plate 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material blocking plate 5.

[0036] During operation: When the material is finished being distributed and falls, at this time, a heat source is put in to carry out high-temperature carbonization on the material inside the furnace body 1. At this time, the telescopic rod 10 is controlled to extend, and the telescopic rod 10 will drive the material blocking plate 5 to rise. After the material blocking plate 5 and the hinge seat 6 rise, they will fit with the outlet at the bottom of the feeding bin 2, so that when the flue gas flows upward during the carbonization process of the material, it will not flow out along the inner wall of the feeding bin 2. The flue gas will only flow into the purification component through each discharge hole 8 from the smoke discharge bins 19 on both sides of the top of the furnace body 1.

[0037] As Figure 6 and Figure 9 shown, a gas gathering hood 30 is fixedly connected to one side of the activated carbon plate 21 and the liquid flow plate 22. A plurality of air flow pipes 31 are fixedly communicated at the bottom of the gas gathering hood 30. The air flow pipes 31 are all inserted into the top of the heat supply box 3. Check valves 32 are arranged on the outer parts of the air flow pipes 31, and a number of air outlet holes 33 are formed on the sides of the air flow pipes 31.

[0038] During operation: When the flue gas is purified by the purification component, it will flow into the air flow pipe 31 through the gas gathering hood 30. The flue gas will flow into the inside of the heat supply box 3 from the air outlet holes 33. The flue gas can absorb the heat at the heat source and self-ignite. The self-ignition can generate more heat for the use of the furnace body 1 to supplement the heat in the middle and late stages of carbonization. By setting the check valve 32, it is avoided that the heat flows into the air flow pipe 31 and causes heat loss.

[0039] A vertical carbonization furnace for producing biochar, and now a carbonization method suitable for this equipment is proposed: S1. Select suitable biomass raw materials, such as straw, branches, etc., and put them into the inside of the feeding bin 2 for crushing; S2. After the materials are crushed, they first fall onto the upper surface of the blanking plate 7, and the feeding component is used to put materials of different sizes into different positions inside the furnace body 1; S3. Add firewood or charcoal into the inside of the heating box 3 as the heat source for carbonization, and several heat conduction rods 4 transfer the heat to the inside of the furnace body 1 to carbonize the materials; S4. The bottom of the feeding bin 2 is blocked by the upward movement of the blanking plate 5 and the hinge seat 6, so that the flue gas generated by carbonization can only flow into the purification component from the smoke outlet bin 19; S5. After the purification component filters out impurities, it adsorbs the tar molecules in the flue gas and condenses them into liquid tar for collection; S6. After the flue gas is purified by the purification component, it flows into the inside of the heating box 3 for spontaneous combustion. The spontaneous combustion can generate more heat for the furnace body 1 to use and supplement the heat in the middle and late stages of carbonization.

[0040] A carbonization method for a vertical carbonization furnace for producing biochar, and the purification component includes the following steps: G1. The flue gas will first pass through the filter plate 25, and the filter plate 25 intercepts some small impurities attached to the flue gas; G2. The flue gas flows along the bottom surface of the activated carbon plate 21, and the activated carbon plate 21 adsorbs the tar molecules in the flue gas into the internal pores; G3. The tar molecules condense into liquid state under the cooling effect of the activated carbon plate 21 to form tar droplets; G4. The tar droplets flow onto the upper surface of the liquid flow plate 22 and flow into the oil receiving box 27 along the inclined surface of the liquid flow plate 22 for collection; G5. The purified flue gas flows into the inside of the heating box 3 from the air outlet hole 33, and the flue gas can absorb the heat at the heat source for spontaneous combustion.

[0041] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biochar vertical carbonization furnace, comprising a furnace body, characterized in that: The top of the furnace body is fixedly connected to a feeding bin, and heating boxes are arranged on both sides of the furnace body. A number of heat-conducting rods are arranged inside the heating boxes, and the multiple heat-conducting rods are plugged into the side walls of the furnace body. One end of the heat-conducting rod is located inside the heating box, and the other end is located inside the furnace body. A material dividing assembly is arranged above the interior of the furnace body, and the material dividing assembly puts the material into different positions inside the furnace body according to the size of the material. A purification assembly is arranged on the top of the furnace body, and the purification assembly purifies the flue gas generated by carbonization and recycles it.

2. A biochar vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material dividing assembly includes a blocking plate, both sides of which are fixedly connected with hinged seats, the inner walls of which are hinged with unloading plates, and the surface of the unloading plates is provided with multiple groups of discharge holes, the aperture of each group of discharge holes gradually increases from top to bottom, and the bottoms of the two unloading plates are provided with vibration assemblies for driving the unloading plates to vibrate.

3. A biochar vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vibration assembly includes a motor, which is fixedly installed on the side of the furnace body. Rotating rods are rotatably connected to the two sides of the furnace body. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of one of the rotating rods. The outer walls of the two rotating rods are fixedly connected to a plurality of bump rings. The outer walls of the smooth surfaces of the two groups of bump rings are fitted with the bottom of one side of the blanking plate. A transmission ring is fixedly connected to one side of the two rotating rods, and a transmission belt is connected between the outer walls of the two transmission rings.

4. A biochar vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both sides of the two unloading plates are fixedly connected with receiving plates, the bottom of the receiving plate is fixedly connected with a torsion spring, and one end of the torsion spring away from the receiving plate is fixedly connected to the side of the blocking plate.

5. A biochar vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The purification component includes two purification boxes, an activated carbon plate is fixedly connected between the tops of the two purification boxes, a drainage plate is fixedly connected to one side of the activated carbon plate, the drainage plate is fixedly installed on the top of the furnace body, the top of the furnace body is symmetrically fixedly connected to the smoke outlet bin, a liquid flow plate is fixedly connected between the bottoms of the two purification boxes, and a filter plate is fixedly connected between the liquid flow plate and the drainage plate.

6. A biochar vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: A liquid isolation membrane plate is fixedly connected between the activated carbon plate and the two sides of the liquid flow plate, an electric shock block is fixedly installed on the top of the activated carbon plate, a reverse inclined plate is fixedly connected to the side close to the left liquid isolation membrane plate, an oil receiving box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid flow plate, an oil dripping pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the oil receiving box, and a collecting box is arranged at the bottom of the oil dripping pipe.

7. A biochar vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: An inner connecting plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the furnace body, a telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the top of the inner connecting plate, and one end of the telescopic rod away from the inner connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the blocking plate.

8. A biochar vertical carbonization furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: An air collecting hood is fixedly connected to one side of the activated carbon plate and the liquid flow plate. A plurality of air flow pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the air collecting hood. The air flow pipes are all plugged into the top of the heating box. A one-way valve is arranged on the outside of the air flow pipes, and a plurality of air outlet holes are opened on the sides of the air flow pipes.

9. A method for preparing charcoal using a vertical biochar production carbonization furnace, the method using a vertical biochar production carbonization furnace as claimed in claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: S1. Select suitable biomass raw materials, such as straw, branches, etc., and put them into the feed bin for crushing; S2. After the materials are crushed, they first fall onto the upper surface of the unloading plate, and the materials of different sizes are placed into different positions inside the furnace body through the material dividing assembly; S3, adding firewood or charcoal into the heating box as a heat source for carbonization, and a number of heat conducting rods transfer the heat to the inside of the furnace body to carbonize the material; S4. The bottom of the feed bin is blocked by moving the blocking plate and the hinged seat upward, so that the smoke generated by carbonization can only flow into the purification component from the smoke outlet bin; S5, the purification component filters out impurities, absorbs tar molecules in the flue gas, and condenses them into liquid tar for collection; S6. After the flue gas is purified by the purification component, it flows into the interior of the heating box for spontaneous combustion. The spontaneous combustion can generate more heat for the furnace body to use, and supplement the heat in the middle and late stages of carbonization.

10. The method for making carbon using a vertical biochar carbonization furnace according to claim 9, wherein the purification component comprises the following steps: G1. The flue gas will first pass through the filter plate, which will intercept some small amount of impurities in the flue gas; G2. The flue gas flows along the bottom surface of the activated carbon plate, and the activated carbon plate will adsorb the tar molecules in the flue gas into the internal pores; G3, tar molecules condense into liquid under the cooling effect of activated carbon plates to form tar droplets; G4, the tar droplets fall onto the upper surface of the liquid flow plate and flow along the inclined surface of the liquid flow plate into the oil receiving box for collection; G5. The purified flue gas flows into the interior of the heating box from the air outlet, and the flue gas can absorb the heat from the heat source and self-ignite.

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