Mechanical device for regulating and controlling mechanical property of aluminum alloy repair welding softening area and using method of mechanical device

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical device for regulating and controlling the mechanical property of an aluminum alloy repair welding softening area and a using method thereof, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy repair forming quality regulation and control. According to the method, through dynamic coupling of infrared temperature measurement and extrusion parameters, temperature-stress cooperative control logic is defined, and tissue densification and residual stress homogenization of a repair area are achieved. Through the plating layer-matrix composite structure design, the requirements for anti-adhesion and efficient heat management are defined, combination of the hard alloy plating layer and the high-heat-conductivity copper matrix is achieved, the anti-adhesion service life is prolonged by three times, and heat accumulation is reduced by 40%. The mechanical device for regulating and controlling the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy repair welding softening area and the using method of the mechanical device can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of quality control for the repair and forming of aluminum alloys, and particularly relates to a mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area during the repair welding of aluminum alloys and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Currently, during the repair process of aluminum alloys, especially in industries such as rail transit and aerospace, common problems are that due to uneven heat input or inaccurate control of welding processes, defects such as pores, cracks, and non-uniform microstructure appear in the aluminum alloy joints and softened areas. These defects will seriously affect the structural performance and reliability after repair. Existing repair processes are difficult to regulate the forming quality, microstructure state, and residual stress in the repair of aluminum alloys in real time, which limits the repair effect and quality assurance.

[0003] Regarding this problem, existing technologies mainly focus on the post-treatment processes after repair, but lack technical means for real-time control and adjustment during the repair process. This results in the inability to effectively ensure the stability of the repair quality during the repair process of aluminum alloys, and sometimes the performance after repair cannot meet the requirements of actual applications.

[0004] During the welding repair process of aluminum alloys, the repaired welding area is prone to grain coarsening, increased porosity, and residual stress concentration due to uneven heat input and rapid cooling, seriously affecting the service performance of the structure. Existing technologies mainly improve the welding quality through post-weld heat treatment, static mechanical rolling, or in-weld impact devices, but there are significant defects, which are specifically analyzed as follows:

[0005] 1. Insufficient material adaptability: Existing in-weld impact devices (such as CN103071901B) are mainly designed for high-strength steel, and their technical solutions have the following limitations: Mismatched impact head structure: This patent uses a curved pit impact head to enhance the shear force through energy storage by a flywheel group. However, its curved surface design is based on the high-temperature strength characteristics of steel materials (such as 4Cr9Si2 heat-resistant steel), while aluminum alloys have a low melting point (about 660°C) and strong high-temperature fluidity. Traditional rigid impact heads are prone to adhesion to molten metal, resulting in uneven extrusion or even secondary defects. Lack of thermal management: In-weld impact for high-strength steel relies on shear deformation in the high-temperature zone (such as "the yield strength of the metal decreases above 400°C" in the patent), but aluminum alloys enter a significant softening stage at 200 - 300°C. Existing devices do not optimize temperature monitoring and pressure matching for the low-temperature softening characteristics of aluminum alloys, resulting in over-extrusion or insufficient action.

[0006] 2. Weak real-time regulation ability: Although infrared temperature measurement is introduced in the existing technology (such as CN109604782B), the regulation logic is single and there are obvious shortcomings: Single monitoring parameter: This patent only relies on infrared temperature measurement to trigger the impact action (such as "start impact when the temperature exceeds the tempering temperature"), and does not integrate the monitoring of multi-dimensional parameters such as porosity and residual stress, resulting in one-sided regulation goals. For example, when repairing aluminum alloy, it is necessary to synchronously control the porosity (<1%) and stress (<50MPa), but the existing technology cannot achieve multi-objective optimization through a single temperature feedback. Limitation of open-loop control: The patent CN109604782B uses a fixed voltage to adjust the impact parameters (such as "the input voltage is adjustable from 0 to 220V"), but does not establish a real-time feedback closed-loop and cannot adaptively adjust according to dynamic working conditions (such as changes in weld morphology and heat accumulation fluctuations), which is prone to extrusion lag or overload.

[0007] 3. Limited effect of residual stress control: The traditional method releases stress through mechanical impact, but there are key defects: Uneven stress distribution: Existing devices (such as the flywheel group in CN103071901B) rely on rotational shear force, but aluminum alloy has a high thermal conductivity (~200W / m·K), and the rapid heat dissipation leads to a steep increase in the stress gradient. The inertial impact of the flywheel group is difficult to match the rapid cooling process, resulting in stress residue. Lack of quantitative regulation: The patent CN109604782B reduces stress through "impact frequency and impact force adjustment", but does not quantify the mapping relationship between stress and extrusion parameters (such as the pressure-stress attenuation curve), resulting in poor process stability and large fluctuations in repair quality.

[0008] The existing technology faces multiple bottlenecks in the field of aluminum alloy repair welding. Traditional in-welding impact devices are mostly designed for high-strength steel, and their core defect is that they do not fully consider the low melting point, high thermal conductivity and easy oxidation characteristics of aluminum alloy materials. For example, existing impact heads mostly adopt rigid structures (such as the curved pit design in patent CN103071901B), relying on high-temperature shear force to achieve metal deformation. However, during the welding process of aluminum alloy, the molten pool has strong fluidity and a fast solidification speed, and the rigid impact head is prone to adhesion to the molten metal, resulting in uneven extrusion and even surface cracks. In addition, the monitoring system of existing devices usually only relies on a single parameter (such as temperature) to trigger actions (such as infrared temperature measurement control in patent CN109604782B), lacking synchronous feedback on multi-dimensional indicators such as porosity and residual stress, and it is difficult to achieve comprehensive control of repair quality.

[0009] In terms of dynamic response, there are significant lags in the existing technologies. Traditional devices use discrete sensing modules and actuators (such as independently installed infrared thermometers and impact heads driven by cross slides), and the coordination of data transmission and mechanical actions is insufficient. For example, in high-speed welding scenarios (welding speed ≥ 5 mm / s), the response time from temperature detection to pressure adjustment in the system is too long, resulting in the disconnection between the extrusion effect and the molten pool state. Pore defects of uncompacted areas may occur in local regions due to pressure lag. At the same time, existing actuators (such as flywheel groups or slide drives) have large inertia and are difficult to achieve high-frequency fine-tuning, which limits the dynamic adaptation ability of process parameters.

[0010] Energy consumption and sustainability are also key shortcomings of the existing technologies. Traditional solutions represented by flywheel energy storage (such as CN103071901B) need to continuously consume electrical energy to maintain the flywheel speed, with low energy conversion efficiency, and the release of impact energy is intermittent, exacerbating energy waste. In addition, during the aluminum alloy welding repair process, the extrusion head rapidly heats up due to its high thermal conductivity, and existing devices lack effective active cooling designs (such as liquid cooling channels or phase change materials). Long-term operation is likely to cause sensor drift or thermal deformation of the mechanical structure, further reducing the system stability and lifespan.

[0011] In summary, the existing in-situ impact devices have significant deficiencies in material adaptability, multi-parameter real-time monitoring, and stress precise regulation, making it difficult to meet the high-precision and high-consistency requirements of aluminum alloy repair. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and provide a mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area during aluminum alloy repair welding and its usage method.

[0013] A mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area during aluminum alloy repair welding includes a base device, a positioning extrusion device, an infrared temperature measurement device, and a welding torch 1. The base device includes a base 8 and a guide rail 9. The positioning extrusion device includes an extrusion head 2, a motor a 5, a motor b 6, a robotic arm a 11, and a robotic arm b 12. The infrared temperature measurement device includes an infrared temperature measurement device 3 and a power supply 7.

[0014] Both sides of the base 8 are arranged in the guide rail 9, and the aluminum alloy weldment is arranged on the upper surface of the base 8. The welding torch 1 is arranged above the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment.

[0015] The described power supply 7 is electrically connected to the motor a5, the motor b6, and the infrared temperature measuring device 3 through wires. The motor a5 is rotationally connected to one end of the robotic arm a11 through a transmission shaft. The motor b6 is rotationally connected to one end of the robotic arm b12 through a transmission shaft. The other end of the robotic arm a11 is rotationally connected to one end of the robotic arm b12. The other end of the robotic arm b12 is provided with an extrusion head 2 and an infrared temperature measuring device 3. Both the infrared temperature measuring device 3 and the extrusion head 2 are arranged above the weld of the aluminum alloy welded part. The surface of the extrusion head 2 is provided with a wear-resistant coating, and the wear-resistant coating is WC-10Co cemented carbide.

[0016] A method for using a mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area in aluminum alloy repair welding is carried out according to the following steps:

[0017] Step S1: Initial positioning;

[0018] Fix the aluminum alloy welded part on the base 8, turn on the power supply 7, and move the infrared temperature measuring device 3 and the extrusion head 2 to directly above the weld of the aluminum alloy welded part through the motor a5 and the motor b6. At the same time, make the welding torch 1 located directly above the weld of the aluminum alloy welded part.

[0019] Step S2: Repair and extrusion synchronization;

[0020] Start the welding torch 1 to weld the weld of the aluminum alloy welded part with welding defects, then measure the temperature of the cladding layer through the infrared temperature measuring device 3, and start the extrusion head 2 to preferentially extrude the cladding layer in the high-temperature area. After one extrusion, the extrusion head 2 is used to perform a secondary extrusion on the weld position with welding defects.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] Through the linkage design of the positioning device and the guide rail, the present invention meets the high-precision positioning requirements for the repair of aluminum alloy welded parts and realizes stable operation in complex aluminum alloy welded parts and space-limited scenarios.

[0023] Through the dynamic coupling of infrared temperature measurement and extrusion parameters, the present invention clarifies the temperature-stress collaborative control logic and realizes the densification of the tissue in the repair area and the homogenization of residual stress.

[0024] Through the modular replaceable extrusion head design, the present invention clarifies the compatibility requirements for aluminum alloy welded parts of multiple sizes and realizes wide adaptation in fields such as rail transit and energy equipment.

[0025] Through the integration of a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm with servo drive, the present invention meets the requirements for operation in narrow spaces and high-precision trajectory control, reduces the total weight of the device, compresses the installation space, and improves the trajectory repeat positioning accuracy.

[0026] Through the design of the coating - substrate composite structure, the present invention clarifies the requirements for anti - adhesion and efficient thermal management, realizes the combination of a cemented carbide coating (with a thickness of 50 - 100 μm) and a highly thermally conductive copper substrate, increases the anti - adhesion life by 3 times, and reduces the thermal accumulation by 40%.

[0027] The present invention can obtain a mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area during the repair welding of aluminum alloy and its usage method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It shows a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area during the repair welding of aluminum alloy according to the present invention. 1 represents a welding torch, 2 represents an extrusion head, 3 represents an infrared temperature - measuring device, 4 represents a weld seam, 5 represents motor a, 6 represents motor b, 7 represents a power supply, 8 represents a base, 9 represents a guide rail, 10 represents a support, 11 represents robotic arm a, and 12 represents robotic arm b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION - Embodiment 1: A mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area during the repair welding of aluminum alloy according to this embodiment includes a base device, a positioning and extrusion device, an infrared temperature - measuring device, and a welding torch 1. The base device includes a base 8 and a guide rail 9. The positioning and extrusion device includes an extrusion head 2, motor a 5, motor b 6, robotic arm a 11, and robotic arm b 12. The infrared temperature - measuring device includes an infrared temperature - measuring device 3 and a power supply 7;

[0030] Both sides of the base 8 are arranged in the guide rail 9, and the aluminum alloy welded part is arranged on the upper surface of the base 8. The welding torch 1 is arranged above the weld seam of the aluminum alloy welded part;

[0031] The power supply 7 is electrically connected to motor a 5, motor b 6, and the infrared temperature - measuring device 3 through wires. Motor a 5 is rotationally connected to one end of robotic arm a 11 through a transmission shaft. Motor b 6 is rotationally connected to one end of robotic arm b 12 through a transmission shaft. The other end of robotic arm a 11 is rotationally connected to one end of robotic arm b 12. The other end of robotic arm b 12 is provided with an extrusion head 2 and an infrared temperature - measuring device 3. Both the infrared temperature - measuring device 3 and the extrusion head 2 are arranged above the weld seam of the aluminum alloy welded part. The surface of the extrusion head 2 is provided with a wear - resistant coating, and the wear - resistant coating is WC - 10Co cemented carbide.

[0032] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION - Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the guide rail 9 is fixed to the machine tool through several supports 10.

[0033] Other steps are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0034] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION - Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 or 2 is that the number of supports 10 is 8.

[0035] The other steps are the same as those in the first or second specific implementation manner.

[0036] Specific implementation manner four: The difference between this implementation manner and one of the first to third specific implementation manners is that the model of the welding torch 1 is YT-CAT353HAH.

[0037] The other steps are the same as those in the first to third specific implementation manners.

[0038] Specific implementation manner five: The difference between this implementation manner and one of the first to fourth specific implementation manners is that the infrared temperature measuring device 3 is Compact MI3 infrared thermometer.

[0039] The other steps are the same as those in the first to fourth specific implementation manners.

[0040] Specific implementation manner six: The difference between this implementation manner and one of the first to fifth specific implementation manners is that the motors a5 and b6 are servo motors, and the model is 60Sm00630.

[0041] The other steps are the same as those in the first to fifth specific implementation manners.

[0042] Specific implementation manner seven: The difference between this implementation manner and one of the first to sixth specific implementation manners is that the thickness of the wear-resistant coating is 50 - 100 μm.

[0043] The other steps are the same as those in the first to sixth specific implementation manners.

[0044] Specific implementation manner eight: A method for using a mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area of aluminum alloy repair welding is carried out according to the following steps:

[0045] Step S1: Initial positioning;

[0046] Fix the aluminum alloy weldment on the base 8, turn on the power supply 7, and move the infrared temperature measuring device 3 and the extrusion head 2 to directly above the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment through the motors a5 and b6, and at the same time make the welding torch 1 located directly above the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment;

[0047] Step S2: Repair and extrusion synchronization;

[0048] Start the welding torch 1 to weld the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment with welding defects, then measure the temperature of the cladding layer through the infrared temperature measuring device 3, and start the extrusion head 2 to preferentially extrude the cladding layer in the high-temperature area; after one extrusion, use the extrusion head 2 to perform secondary extrusion on the weld position with welding defects.

[0049] Specific Embodiment Nine: The difference between this embodiment and any one of Specific Embodiments One to Eight is that in step S2, the welding process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 250 - 350 °C, the power is 1.8 - 2.2 KW, and the welding speed is 5 - 15 mm / s.

[0050] Other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments One to Eight.

[0051] Specific Embodiment Ten: The difference between this embodiment and any one of Specific Embodiments One to Nine is that in step S2, when the temperature of the cladding layer is lower than 200 °C, the extrusion pressure is 20 - 30 MPa; when the temperature of the cladding layer is 200 - 300 °C, the extrusion pressure is 30 - 50 MPa; when the temperature of the cladding layer is higher than 300 °C, the extrusion pressure is 20 - 35 MPa.

[0052] Other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments One to Nine.

[0053] The following examples are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0054] Example 1: A mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area of aluminum alloy repair welding, including a base device, a positioning extrusion device, an infrared temperature measurement device, and a welding torch 1. The base device includes a base 8 and a guide rail 9. The positioning extrusion device includes an extrusion head 2, a motor a5, a motor b6, a robotic arm a11, and a robotic arm b12. The infrared temperature measurement device includes an infrared temperature measurement device 3 and a power supply 7.

[0055] Both sides of the base 8 are arranged in the guide rail 9, and the aluminum alloy weldment is arranged on the upper surface of the base 8. The welding torch 1 is arranged above the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment.

[0056] The power supply 7 is electrically connected to the motor a5, the motor b6, and the infrared temperature measurement device 3 through wires. The motor a5 is rotationally connected to one end of the robotic arm a11 through a transmission shaft. The motor b6 is rotationally connected to one end of the robotic arm b12 through a transmission shaft. The other end of the robotic arm a11 is rotationally connected to one end of the robotic arm b12. The other end of the robotic arm b12 is provided with an extrusion head 2 and an infrared temperature measurement device 3. Both the infrared temperature measurement device 3 and the extrusion head 2 are arranged above the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment. The surface of the extrusion head 2 is provided with a wear-resistant coating, and the wear-resistant coating is WC - 10Co cemented carbide.

[0057] The guide rail 9 is fixed to the machine tool through 8 supports 10.

[0058] The model of the welding torch 1 is YT - CAT353HAH.

[0059] The infrared temperature measurement device 3 is Compact MI3 infrared thermometer, the purchase manufacturer's website is https: / / www.flukeprocessinstruments.com.cn / cn / products / infrared-temperature-solutions / spot-p yrometers / raytek-compact-mi3.

[0060] The motors a5 and b6 are servo motors, with the model number 60Sm00630, and the purchase manufacturer's website is https: / / www.abbry.net / products / 60sfdj.html.

[0061] The thickness of the wear-resistant coating is 75 μm.

[0062] A method of using a mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area of aluminum alloy repair welding is carried out according to the following steps:

[0063] Step S1: Initial positioning;

[0064] Fix the aluminum alloy weldment on the base 8, turn on the power supply 7, and move the infrared temperature measuring device 3 and the extrusion head 2 to directly above the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment through the motors a5 and b6, and at the same time make the welding torch 1 located directly above the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment;

[0065] Step S2: Repair and extrusion synchronization;

[0066] Start the welding torch 1 to weld the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment with welding defects, then measure the temperature of the cladding layer through the infrared temperature measuring device 3, and start the extrusion head 2 to preferentially extrude the cladding layer in the high-temperature area; after one extrusion, use the extrusion head 2 to perform a second extrusion on the weld position with welding defects.

[0067] The welding process parameters in Step S2: the temperature is 300 °C, the power is 2 KW, and the welding speed is 8 mm / s.

[0068] In Step S2, when the temperature of the cladding layer is below 200 °C, the extrusion pressure is 25 MPa; when the temperature of the cladding layer is 200 - 300 °C, the extrusion pressure is 40 MPa; when the temperature of the cladding layer is above 300 °C, the extrusion pressure is 25 MPa.

[0069] Principle of this embodiment:

[0070] When the infrared temperature measurement shows that the temperature is lower than the target (below 200 °C), it indicates that the temperature of the welding area is insufficient and the material is harder. At this time, the extrusion pressure and speed should be reduced to prevent local overload from causing cracks;

[0071] When the temperature is in the range of 200 - 300 °C, it is in an ideal softening state. At this time, a relatively high pressure (recommended around 40 MPa) and medium-speed extrusion can be adopted to ensure that the structure of the weld area is dense and the residual stress is uniform.

[0072] When the temperature is higher than 300 °C, the material is prone to overheating and softening or excessive fluidity. To avoid secondary defects, the extrusion pressure is reduced and the extrusion speed is appropriately increased to accelerate heat dissipation.

[0073] For welding defects, a variety of non-destructive testing techniques such as ultrasonic, CT, DIC, and infrared thermal imaging are used to achieve a comprehensive assessment of weld cracks, porosity, stress, and tissue uniformity.

[0074] Ultrasonic testing (UT):

[0075] Purpose: Detect internal cracks, pores, lack of fusion, and defects.

[0076] Parameter recommendation: Use an ultrasonic probe with a frequency of 2 - 10 MHz, and the resolution can reach about 0.5 mm.

[0077] Equipment example: Digital ultrasonic flaw detector.

[0078] X-ray computed tomography (CT):

[0079] Purpose: Accurately evaluate porosity, internal defects, and tissue uniformity.

[0080] Parameter recommendation: The scanning resolution is 50 - 100 μm, suitable for laboratory testing or spot checks of key parts.

[0081] Equipment example: Industrial CT system.

[0082] Digital image correlation method (DIC):

[0083] Purpose: Indirectly reflect the residual stress distribution and tissue inhomogeneity through surface strain field analysis.

[0084] Parameter recommendation: The strain resolution can reach 0.1%, suitable for dynamic monitoring.

[0085] Equipment example: High-speed camera and special analysis software.

[0086] Infrared thermal imaging detection:

[0087] Purpose: Real-time monitor the welding temperature distribution and assist in judging local overheating or uneven cooling problems.

[0088] Parameter recommendation: The temperature measurement accuracy is within ±2 °C.

Claims

1. A mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softening zone of aluminum alloy repair welding, characterized in that The mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softened area of ​​aluminum alloy repair welding comprises a base device, a positioning extrusion device, an infrared temperature measuring device and a welding gun (1); the base device comprises a base (8) and a guide rail (9); the positioning extrusion device comprises an extrusion head (2), a motor a (5), a motor b (6), a mechanical arm a (11) and a mechanical arm b (12); the infrared temperature measuring device comprises an infrared temperature measuring device (3) and a power supply (7); Both sides of the base (8) are arranged in the guide rails (9), the aluminum alloy weldment is arranged on the upper surface of the base (8), and the welding gun (1) is arranged above the weld seam of the aluminum alloy weldment; The power supply (7) is electrically connected to the motor a (5), the motor b (6) and the infrared temperature measuring device (3) through a wire; the motor a (5) is rotatably connected to one end of the mechanical arm a (11) through a transmission shaft; the motor b (6) is rotatably connected to one end of the mechanical arm b (12) through a transmission shaft; the other end of the mechanical arm a (11) is rotatably connected to one end of the mechanical arm b (12); the other end of the mechanical arm b (12) is provided with an extrusion head (2) and an infrared temperature measuring device (3); the infrared temperature measuring device (3) and the extrusion head (2) are both provided above the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment; the surface of the extrusion head (2) is provided with a wear-resistant coating, and the wear-resistant coating is WC-10Co hard alloy.

2. A mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softening zone of aluminum alloy repair welding according to claim 1, characterized in that The guide rail (9) is fixed on the machine tool via a plurality of supports (10).

3. A mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softening zone of aluminum alloy repair welding according to claim 2, characterized in that The number of the supports (10) is 8.

4. A mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softening zone of aluminum alloy repair welding according to claim 1, characterized in that The model of the welding gun (1) is YT-CAT353HAH.

5. A mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softening zone of aluminum alloy repair welding according to claim 1, characterized in that The infrared temperature measuring device (3) is Compact MI3 infrared thermometer.

6. A mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softening zone of aluminum alloy repair welding according to claim 1, characterized in that The motor a (5) and the motor b (6) are servo motors, model 60Sm00630.

7. A mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softening zone of aluminum alloy repair welding according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the wear-resistant coating is 50 to 100 μm.

8. A method for using a mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softening zone of aluminum alloy repair welding according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The method of use is as follows: Step S1: initial positioning; The aluminum alloy weldment is fixed on a base (8), a power source (7) is turned on, and the infrared temperature measuring device (3) and the extrusion head (2) are moved to the position directly above the weld seam of the aluminum alloy weldment by means of motor a (5) and motor b (6), and at the same time, the welding gun (1) is positioned directly above the weld seam of the aluminum alloy weldment; Step S2: repair and extrusion synchronization; The welding gun (1) is started to weld the weld of the aluminum alloy weldment with welding defects, and then the temperature of the cladding layer is measured by an infrared temperature measuring device (3). The extrusion head (2) is started to preferentially extrude the cladding layer in the high temperature zone; after the first extrusion, the position of the weld with welding defects is subjected to a second extrusion by the extrusion head (2).

9. The method for using the mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softening zone of aluminum alloy repair welding according to claim 8, characterized in that The welding process parameters in step S2 are: temperature of 250-350° C., power of 1.8-2.2 KW, and welding speed of 5-15 mm / s.

10. The method for using the mechanical device for regulating the mechanical properties of the softening zone of aluminum alloy repair welding according to claim 8, characterized in that In step S2, when the temperature of the cladding layer is lower than 200°C, the extrusion pressure is 20-30MPa; when the temperature of the cladding layer is 200-300°C, the extrusion pressure is 30-50MPa; when the temperature of the cladding layer is higher than 300°C, the extrusion pressure is 20-35MPa.

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