Superflow helium flow control device and cryogenic fluid system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of flow control, and provides a superfluid helium flow control device and a low-temperature fluid system. The superfluid helium flow control device comprises a flow channel structure and a porous structure, the flow channel structure is arranged to allow superfluid helium to flow, the porous structure is arranged in the flow channel structure, and the porous structure is arranged to allow the superfluid helium to flow; and the heating device is arranged at one end, for discharging the superfluid helium, of the flow channel structure, and the heating device is used for heating the superfluid helium. By controlling the temperature of the porous structure, cut-off and passing of the superfluid helium in the flow channel structure can be achieved, the flow of the superfluid helium in the flow channel structure can be adjusted through the heating device, and therefore the problem that in the prior art, due to the fact that the viscosity of the superfluid helium is basically zero, a mechanical valve cannot completely cut off and control flowing of the superfluid helium is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flow control, and particularly to a superfluid helium flow control device and a cryogenic fluid system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, various valves are usually used in cryogenic fluid systems to achieve functions such as transportation, regulation, and cutoff of cryogenic fluids. Commonly used cryogenic valves in the prior art include throttle valves, globe valves, butterfly valves, ball valves, and needle valves, etc., but their working temperature ranges are mainly concentrated in -40°C to -196°C. At lower temperatures, physical properties such as the strength, toughness, and plasticity of the valve materials will change significantly, some metal materials will exhibit cold brittleness, and conventional sealing forms cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, special considerations are required in terms of material selection, design, and manufacturing for flow control devices at ultra-low temperatures.

[0003] For flow control devices in the superfluid helium temperature range (below 2.17K), in addition to considering the harsh ultra-low temperature working environment, the influence of the superfluidity of superfluid helium itself also needs to be noted. When the temperature is below 2.17K, the viscosity of superfluid helium flowing through the channel is almost zero, and it is difficult to control with traditional valves. In view of this, a new type of flow control device needs to be designed to achieve the flow control of superfluid helium. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a superfluid helium flow control device and a cryogenic fluid system to solve or improve the defect that traditional valves in the prior art are difficult to control the flow rate of superfluid helium, and achieve the effect of controlling the flow rate of superfluid helium.

[0005] The present invention provides a superfluid helium flow control device, including:

[0006] A flow channel structure and a porous structure, the flow channel structure is arranged to allow superfluid helium to flow through, and the porous structure is provided in the flow channel structure. The porous structure can allow superfluid helium to pass through when the temperature is less than or equal to the superfluid transition temperature, and can restrict the passage of superfluid helium when the temperature is higher than the superfluid transition temperature;

[0007] A heating device, the heating device is arranged at one end of the flow channel structure for discharging superfluid helium, and the heating device is used to heat superfluid helium.

[0008] According to the superfluid helium flow control device provided by the present invention, at least a part of the flow channel structure corresponding to the porous structure is made of a heat-conducting material, so that the porous structure can exchange heat with the flow channel structure.

[0009] A superfluid helium flow control device provided according to the present invention, the flow channel structure includes a cylindrical structure, one end of the cylindrical structure is set as an inlet end for superfluid helium to enter, the other end of the cylindrical structure is set as an outlet end for superfluid helium to discharge, the heating device is connected to the outlet end of the cylindrical structure, the porous structure is arranged inside the cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure is made of a heat-conducting material.

[0010] A superfluid helium flow control device provided according to the present invention, the flow channel structure further includes a sleeve structure, the sleeve structure is sleeved outside the cylindrical structure, and there is a gap between the sleeve structure and the cylindrical structure, the sleeve structure is provided with a suction port, the suction port communicates with the gap, one end of the sleeve structure corresponding to the inlet end of the cylindrical structure is used to be connected to the upstream superfluid helium pipeline or flow channel, and one end of the gap close to the outlet end of the cylindrical structure is closed.

[0011] A superfluid helium flow control device provided according to the present invention, the flow channel structure further includes a plugging member, the plugging member is arranged at one end of the sleeve structure close to the outlet end of the cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure is connected to the plugging member, and the plugging member is also provided with a through hole communicating with the cylindrical structure, and the through hole is used for the superfluid helium in the cylindrical structure to discharge.

[0012] A superfluid helium flow control device provided according to the present invention, the flow channel structure further includes a first flange, one end of the sleeve structure close to the cylindrical structure is provided with a second flange, the first flange is provided with an inlet for superfluid helium to enter, the second flange is detachably connected to the first flange and sealed with indium wire.

[0013] A superfluid helium flow control device provided according to the present invention, the flow channel structure further includes a connecting plate, the connecting plate is connected to the outside of the cylindrical structure, the connecting plate is provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting plate is used to be connected to a cold source.

[0014] A superfluid helium flow control device provided according to the present invention further includes an inlet flange and an outlet flange, both ends of the cylindrical structure are provided with connecting flanges, the inlet flange and the outlet flange are respectively detachably connected to the connecting flanges at both ends of the cylindrical structure, the inlet flange is provided with an inlet hole for superfluid helium to enter, and the outlet flange is provided with an outlet hole for superfluid helium to discharge.

[0015] A superfluid helium flow control device provided according to the present invention, one end of the flow channel structure for superfluid helium to discharge includes a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is provided with a mounting seat, and the heating device is arranged on the mounting seat.

[0016] The present invention also provides a cryogenic fluid system, including a container and the superfluid helium flow control device as described above. The container is used to hold superfluid helium, and the superfluid helium flow control device is connected to the discharge channel of the container.

[0017] The superfluid helium flow control device provided by the present invention can conduct superfluid helium through the flow channel structure. By arranging a porous structure in the flow channel structure, and the porous structure is arranged to allow superfluid helium to pass through. During the process of superfluid helium flowing along the flow channel structure, if the temperature of the porous structure is higher than the superfluid transition temperature, when the superfluid helium contacts the porous structure, it no longer has superfluidity, resulting in the inability of the superfluid helium to pass through the porous structure, so that the superfluid helium flow control device can achieve the effect of truncating the superfluid helium.

[0018] By cooling the porous structure to make the porous structure less than or equal to the superfluid transition temperature, the superfluid helium can pass through the porous structure in the flow channel structure.

[0019] By arranging a heating device at the end of the flow channel structure for discharging superfluid helium, the heating device is used to heat the superfluid helium, so that the superfluid helium at the outlet of the flow channel structure is excited to the normal state. Under the influence of the thermomechanical effect, the superfluid helium in the flow channel structure flows towards the direction with a higher temperature, and in the laminar flow region, the higher the temperature of the heating device, the greater the flow rate of the superfluid helium in the flow channel structure. Therefore, by changing the heating amount of the heating device, the flow rate of the superfluid helium flowing through the flow channel structure can be controlled.

[0020] With such a setting, the superfluid helium flow control device provided by the present invention can achieve the truncation and passage of the superfluid helium in the flow channel structure by controlling the temperature of the porous structure, and can adjust the flow rate of the superfluid helium in the flow channel structure through the heating device, thus reducing the problem in the prior art that the mechanical valve in the prior art cannot truncate and control the flow of superfluid helium due to the viscosity of the superfluid helium being basically zero.

[0021] The cryogenic fluid system provided by the present invention includes the superfluid helium flow control device provided by the present invention, so it simultaneously includes all the above advantages of the superfluid helium flow control device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the first superfluid helium flow control device provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the first superfluid helium flow control device provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic external structure diagram of the second superfluid helium flow control device provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structure diagram of a cryogenic fluid system provided in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] 1, cylindrical structure; 101, inlet end; 102, discharge end; 2, heating device; 3, sleeve structure; 301, suction port; 4, plugging member; 401, annular groove; 402, through hole; 5, first flange; 501, inlet; 6, second flange; 7, connecting plate; 701, connecting hole; 8, inlet flange; 801, inlet hole; 9, outlet flange; 10, connecting flange; 11, connecting pipe; 12, mounting seat; 13, gap; 14, container; 15, porous structure. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The following combines Figures 1 to 4 to describe the superfluid helium flow control device provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Specifically, the superfluid helium flow control device includes a flow channel structure, a porous structure 15 and a heating device 2.

[0032] Among them, the flow channel structure is arranged to allow superfluid helium to flow through. A porous structure 15 is provided inside the flow channel structure. The porous structure 15 can allow superfluid helium to pass through when its own temperature is less than or equal to the superfluid transition temperature, and the porous structure 15 can restrict the passage of superfluid helium when its own temperature is higher than the superfluid transition temperature. Specifically, the superfluid transition temperature is 2.17K. Optionally, the average pore diameter of the porous structure 15 should be at the micron or nanometer level. When the temperature of the environment where the liquid helium is located is lower than 2.17K, part of the liquid helium will turn into superfluid helium, and the superfluid helium has superfluidity, so it can pass through small holes at the micron level or nanometer level. Optionally, the porous structure 15 can be formed by pressing metal oxide powder inside the flow channel structure, and the metal oxide powder can be iron oxide or aluminum oxide.

[0033] The heating device 2 is arranged at one end of the flow channel mechanism for discharging superfluid helium, and the heating device 2 is used to heat the superfluid helium. Optionally, the heating device 2 can be an electric heater. For example, the electric heater can be an electric heating wire or an electric heating sheet.

[0034] In the superfluid helium flow control device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the superfluid helium can be guided through the flow channel structure. By arranging the porous structure 15 inside the flow channel structure, and the porous structure 15 is arranged to allow superfluid helium to pass through. During the process of the superfluid helium flowing along the flow channel structure, if the temperature of the porous structure 15 is higher than the superfluid transition temperature, when the superfluid helium contacts the porous structure 15, the superfluid helium will absorb heat and turn into a normal fluid, and no longer has superfluidity, resulting in the superfluid helium being unable to pass through the porous structure 15, so that the superfluid helium flow control device can achieve the effect of truncating the superfluid helium.

[0035] By cooling the porous structure 15, the temperature of the porous structure 15 is less than or equal to the superfluid transition temperature, so that the superfluid helium can also maintain superfluidity when it contacts the porous structure 15 and pass through the porous structure 15 inside the flow channel structure.

[0036] By arranging the heating device 2 at one end of the flow channel structure for discharging superfluid helium, the heating device 2 is used to heat the superfluid helium, so that the superfluid helium at the outlet of the flow channel structure is excited to the normal state. Under the influence of the thermomechanical effect, it promotes the superfluid helium inside the flow channel structure to flow in the direction of higher temperature. And in the laminar flow region, the higher the temperature of the heating device 2, the greater the flow rate of the superfluid helium inside the flow channel structure. Therefore, by changing the heating amount of the heating device 2, the flow rate of the superfluid helium flowing through the flow channel structure can be controlled.

[0037] With such a setting, in the superfluid helium flow control device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, by controlling the temperature of the porous structure 15, the truncation and passage of superfluid helium in the flow channel structure can be achieved, and the flow rate of superfluid helium in the flow channel structure can be adjusted by the heating device 2, thereby reducing the problem in the prior art that the mechanical valve in the prior art cannot truncate and control the flow of superfluid helium due to the viscosity of superfluid helium being basically zero.

[0038] In some embodiments provided by the present invention, at least the part of the flow channel structure corresponding to the porous structure 15 is made of a heat-conducting material, so that the porous structure 15 can exchange heat with the flow channel structure.

[0039] In this embodiment, when it is necessary for superfluid helium to pass through the porous structure 15, the temperature of the flow channel structure can be reduced to achieve the effect of reducing the temperature of the porous structure 15 in the flow channel structure. Specifically, cold energy is provided to the flow channel structure. Since the part of the flow channel structure corresponding to the porous structure 15 can conduct heat, the cold energy can be transferred to the porous structure 15 through the flow channel structure, thereby reducing the temperature of the porous structure 15.

[0040] With such a setting, by cooling the porous structure 15 by means of heat exchange between the flow channel structure and the porous structure 15, the flow channel structure serves both as a flow channel for superfluid helium and as a refrigeration structure for the porous structure 15, so that there is no need to provide a refrigeration structure in the porous structure 15, making the structure of the superfluid helium flow control device simpler and more compact.

[0041] Of course, in other embodiments provided by the present invention, a refrigeration tube structure can be provided. The refrigeration tube structure passes through the flow channel structure and extends into the porous structure 15 to refrigerate the porous structure 15 and can also reduce the temperature of the porous structure 15.

[0042] In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the flow channel structure includes a cylindrical structure 1. One end of the cylindrical structure 1 is set as an inlet end 101 for superfluid helium to enter, and the other end of the cylindrical structure 1 is set as an outlet end 102 for superfluid helium to discharge. The heating device 2 is connected to the outlet end 102 of the cylindrical structure 1. The porous structure 15 is arranged inside the cylindrical structure 1, and the cylindrical structure 1 is made of a heat-conducting material. Optionally, the cylindrical structure 1 is made of a metal material, for example, the material of the cylindrical structure 1 is set as copper or stainless steel.

[0043] With such a setting, when superfluid helium needs to pass through the porous structure 15, the temperature of the porous structure 15 inside the cylindrical structure 1 can be reduced by cooling the cylindrical structure 1. Specifically, by providing cooling capacity to the cylindrical structure 1, since the cylindrical structure 1 can conduct heat, the cooling capacity can be transferred through the cylindrical structure 1 to the porous structure 15, thereby cooling the porous structure 15. With such a setting, the porous structure 15 is cooled by allowing the cylindrical structure 1 to exchange heat with the porous structure 15, making the cylindrical structure 1 serve both as a flow channel for superfluid helium and as a refrigeration structure for the porous structure 15. Thus, there is no need to provide a refrigeration structure inside the porous structure 15, making the structure of the superfluid helium flow control device simpler and more compact.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, further, during use, the cylindrical structure 1 can be in contact with a cold source to obtain cooling capacity from the cold source, that is, the superfluid helium flow control device can adopt a direct contact cooling method with the cylindrical structure 1 to cool the porous structure inside the cylindrical structure 1.

[0045] Optionally, the cold source can be a container 14 for containing superfluid helium in a cryogenic fluid system. For example, the cylindrical structure 1 is arranged on the flange of the container 14 to cool the porous structure 15 inside the cylindrical structure 1 through the cooling capacity of the container 14, thereby achieving the effect of recycling the cooling capacity of the container 14 and reducing waste of cooling capacity.

[0046] Of course, the cold source is not limited to being set as the container 14 for containing superfluid helium in a cryogenic fluid system. For example, in other embodiments provided by the present invention, the cold source is set as the cold head of a refrigerator.

[0047] Optionally, the flow channel structure further includes a connecting plate 7. The connecting plate 7 is connected to the outside of the cylindrical structure 1 and is used to connect to the cold source. In this embodiment, during use, the connecting plate 7 can be connected to a cold source such as the container 14 or the cold head of a refrigerator to ensure the stability of the flow channel structure. Optionally, the connecting plate 7 is provided with a connecting hole 701, and the connecting plate 7 is connected to the cold source through a threaded fastener passing through the connecting hole 701, facilitating the installation and disassembly of the cylindrical structure 1.

[0048] Optionally, the outer shape of the cylindrical structure 1 is set as a polygonal prism structure, and at least one outer side surface of the cylindrical structure 1 abuts against the cold source. As Figure 3 shown is an example where the outer shape of the cylindrical structure 1 is set as a quadrangular prism structure. With such a setting, the contact area between the cylindrical structure 1 and the cold source can be increased, ensuring the cooling effect and cooling efficiency of the cold source on the cylindrical structure 1, and further enabling the cylindrical structure 1 to have a better cooling effect and cooling efficiency on the porous structure 15.

[0049] Further, the outer shape of the cylinder structure 1 is set as a multi-prismatic structure, and the inner hole of the cylinder structure 1 is set as a circular hole. Since the pressure head of a press or a gravity hammer is usually circular, by setting the inner hole of the cylinder structure 1 as a circular hole, it is not only convenient for processing the circular hole, but also convenient for the circular hole to cooperate with the pressure head to press the porous structure 15.

[0050] Optionally, the flow channel structure further includes an inlet flange 8 and an outlet flange 9. Connecting flanges 10 are provided at both ends of the cylinder structure 1. The inlet flange 8 and the outlet flange 9 are respectively detachably connected to the connecting flanges 10 at both ends of the cylinder structure 1. The inlet flange 8 is provided with an inlet hole 801 for superfluid helium to enter, and the outlet flange 9 is provided with a discharge hole for superfluid helium to be discharged. Among them, the inlet hole 801 is used to connect with the upstream superfluid helium delivery pipeline or flow channel, and the discharge hole is used to connect with the downstream delivery pipeline or flow channel.

[0051] Optionally, the inlet flange 8 and the corresponding connecting flange 10, as well as the outlet flange 9 and the corresponding connecting flange 10, are both connected by threaded fasteners.

[0052] Optionally, a groove coaxial with the inlet hole 801 is provided on the end face of the inlet flange 8 connected to the connecting flange 10. The connecting flange 10 is provided with a boss for plugging and matching with the groove. Indium metal is filled between the boss and the groove, and the indium metal is used to seal the gap between the boss and the groove. Through the mutual cooperation of the boss and the groove, the inlet flange 8 and the connecting flange 10 can also be radially positioned to prevent the inlet flange 8 from displacing relative to the connecting flange 10.

[0053] Optionally, a groove coaxial with the inlet hole 801 is provided on the end face of the outlet flange 9 connected to the connecting flange 10. The connecting flange 10 is provided with a boss for plugging and matching with the groove. Indium metal is filled between the boss and the groove, and the indium metal is used to seal the gap between the boss and the groove. Through the mutual cooperation of the boss and the groove, the outlet flange 9 and the connecting flange 10 can also be radially positioned to prevent the outlet flange 9 from displacing relative to the connecting flange 10.

[0054] Of course, it is not limited to the method of cooling the cylinder structure 1 by directly contacting the cylinder structure 1 with a cold source. For example, as shown in Figures 1 - 2 In other embodiments provided by the present invention shown, a sleeve-type cooling method is adopted to cool the cylinder structure 1. Specifically, the flow channel structure further includes a sleeve structure 3. The sleeve structure 3 is sleeved outside the cylinder structure 1, and there is a gap 13 between the sleeve structure 3 and the cylinder structure 1. The sleeve structure 3 is provided with a suction port 301, and the suction port 301 communicates with the gap 13 between the sleeve structure 3 and the cylinder structure 1.

[0055] One end of the sleeve structure 3 corresponding to the inlet end 101 of the cylinder structure 1 is used to be connected to the upstream superfluid helium delivery pipeline or flow channel. One end of the gap 13 close to the discharge end 102 of the cylinder structure 1 is closed.

[0056] In this embodiment, when superfluid helium needs to pass through the porous structure 15, after the upstream superfluid helium enters the sleeve structure 3, at this time the temperature of the porous structure 15 has not yet decreased, so the superfluid helium cannot pass through the porous structure 15. By sucking the gas in the gap 13 through the suction port 301, the superfluid helium can enter the gap 13 between the sleeve structure 3 and the cylinder structure 1. The superfluid helium surrounds the outside of the cylinder structure 1, so as to achieve the effect of cooling the cylinder structure 1. The cylinder structure 1 absorbs the heat of the porous structure 15, thereby cooling the porous structure 15 until the porous structure 15 reaches the superfluid helium temperature region, and then the superfluid helium can pass through the porous structure 15.

[0057] With such a setting, by sucking the gas in the gap 13 between the sleeve structure 3 and the cylinder structure 1 through the suction port 301, the superfluid helium surrounds the cylinder structure 1 to cool the cylinder structure 1. There is no need for the cylinder structure 1 to be in contact with the cold source, so that the installation position of the cylinder structure 1 is not limited by the position of the cold source, the installation position is more flexible, and the use is more convenient. By the suction action through the suction port 301, the problem of gas blockage in the upstream superfluid helium pipeline can also be reduced.

[0058] Furthermore, the superfluid helium flow control device further includes a suction device, which is connected to the suction port 301 and is used to suck gas from the suction port 301. Optionally, the suction device can be a negative pressure generator or a vacuum pump.

[0059] Reference Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the flow channel structure further includes a first flange 5. One end of the sleeve structure 3 close to the cylinder structure 1 is provided with a second flange 6, and the second flange 6 and the sleeve structure 3 can be set as an integral structure. The first flange 5 is provided with an inlet 501 for superfluid helium to enter, and the inlet 501 is used to be connected to the upstream pipeline or flow channel. The second flange 6 and the first flange 5 are detachably connected. Specifically, the inlet end 101 of the cylinder structure 1 is retracted into the interior of the sleeve structure 3, and the second flange 6 is arranged outside the sleeve structure 3.

[0060] Optionally, the first flange 5 and the second flange 6 are connected by threaded fasteners to facilitate the disassembly of the first flange 5 and the second flange 6.

[0061] Reference Figure 2As shown, optionally, the second flange 6 is provided with a boss concentric with the cylindrical structure 1, the first flange 5 is provided with a groove for the boss to enter, and indium metal is provided between the side walls of the boss and the side walls of the groove. Indium metal has good low-temperature performance and good ductility, so it can be used to seal the first flange 5 and the second flange 6. During installation, indium wire is wound around the outer circumferential wall of the boss, and the boss is inserted into the groove. The boss and the groove squeeze the indium wire, and the indium wire forms a seal between the boss and the groove.

[0062] In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the flow channel structure further includes a plugging member 4. The plugging member 4 is disposed at one end of the sleeve structure 3 close to the discharge end 102 of the cylindrical structure 1, and the cylindrical structure 1 is connected to the plugging member 4. The plugging member 4 is further provided with a through hole 402 communicating with the cylindrical structure 1, and the through hole 402 is used for discharging superfluid helium in the cylindrical structure 1.

[0063] In this embodiment, the discharge end 102 of the cylindrical structure 1 is connected to the plugging member 4, so that the outer wall of the cylindrical structure 1 does not contact the inner wall of the sleeve structure 3, and an annular gap 13 is formed therebetween, thereby enabling a better cooling effect on the sleeve structure 3.

[0064] Optionally, the end face of the plugging member 4 close to the cylindrical structure 1 is provided with an annular groove 401, and the plugging member 4 extends into the annular groove 401 of the cylindrical structure 1. Further, the plugging member 4 is connected to the annular groove 401 by welding or bonding. Alternatively, the end face of the cylindrical structure 1 is provided with a mounting hole, and the plugging member 4 extends into the mounting hole. Further, the plugging member 4 is connected to the mounting hole by threading, welding or bonding.

[0065] Optionally, the plugging member 4 is connected to the sleeve structure 3 by threading, welding or bonding.

[0066] In some embodiments provided by the present invention, during the process of arranging the porous structure 15 in the cylindrical structure 1, metal oxide powder is added to the cylindrical structure 1 in batches, and after each addition of the metal oxide powder, the metal oxide powder in the cylindrical structure 1 is pressed, so as to ensure the pressing effect and tightness of the porous structure 15 in the cylindrical structure 1. Optionally, a press or a gravity hammer can be used to press the metal oxide powder.

[0067] In some embodiments provided by the present invention, one end of the flow channel structure for discharging superfluid helium includes a connecting pipe 11. For example, the connecting pipe 11 is connected to the through hole 402 of the plugging member 4, or the connecting pipe 11 is connected to the discharge hole of the outlet flange 9. The connecting pipe 11 is provided with a mounting seat 12, and the heating device 2 is disposed on the mounting seat 12. In this embodiment, by providing the mounting seat 12 on the connecting pipe 11, it is more convenient to install and fix the heating device 2.

[0068] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a cryogenic fluid system.

[0069] Specifically, the cryogenic fluid system includes a container 14 and the superfluid helium flow control device as described above. The container 14 is used to contain superfluid helium, and the superfluid helium flow control device is connected to the discharge channel of the container 14.

[0070] It should be noted that since the cryogenic fluid system includes the superfluid helium flow control device, it also includes all the above advantages of the superfluid helium flow control device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A superfluid helium flow control device, characterized in that, Comprising: A flow channel structure and a porous structure (15), wherein the flow channel structure is arranged to allow superfluid helium to flow through, the porous structure (15) is provided in the flow channel structure, and the porous structure (15) can allow superfluid helium to pass through when the temperature is less than or equal to the superfluid transition temperature, and can restrict the passage of superfluid helium when the temperature is higher than the superfluid transition temperature; A heating device (2), which is arranged at one end of the flow channel structure for discharging superfluid helium, and the heating device (2) is used to heat the superfluid helium.

2. The superfluid helium flow control device according to claim 1, wherein At least a part of the flow channel structure corresponding to the porous structure (15) is made of a heat-conducting material, so that the porous structure (15) can exchange heat with the flow channel structure.

3. The superfluid helium flow rate control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow channel structure includes a cylindrical structure (1), one end of the cylindrical structure (1) is set as an inlet end (101) for superfluid helium to enter, the other end of the cylindrical structure (1) is set as an outlet end (102) for superfluid helium to discharge, the heating device (2) is connected to the outlet end (102) of the cylindrical structure (1), the porous structure (15) is arranged in the cylindrical structure (1), and the cylindrical structure (1) is made of a heat-conducting material.

4. The superfluid helium flow rate control device according to claim 3, wherein The flow channel structure further includes a sleeve structure (3), the sleeve structure (3) is sleeved outside the cylindrical structure (1), and there is a gap (13) between the sleeve structure (3) and the cylindrical structure (1). The sleeve structure (3) is provided with a suction port (301), and the suction port (301) communicates with the gap (13). One end of the sleeve structure (3) corresponding to the inlet end (101) of the cylindrical structure (1) is used to be connected to an upstream superfluid helium pipeline or flow channel, and one end of the gap (13) close to the outlet end (102) of the cylindrical structure (1) is closed.

5. The superfluid helium flow control device according to claim 4, wherein The flow channel structure further includes a plugging member (4), the plugging member (4) is arranged at one end of the sleeve structure (3) close to the outlet end (102) of the cylindrical structure (1), the cylindrical structure (1) is connected to the plugging member (4), and the plugging member (4) is further provided with a through hole (402) communicating with the cylindrical structure (1), and the through hole (402) is used for discharging the superfluid helium in the cylindrical structure (1).

6. The superfluid helium flow control device according to claim 4, characterized in that The flow channel structure further includes a first flange (5), one end of the sleeve structure (3) close to the cylindrical structure (1) is provided with a second flange (6), the first flange (5) is provided with an inlet (501) for superfluid helium to enter, and the second flange (6) is detachably connected to the first flange (5) and sealed with indium wire.

7. The superfluid helium flow rate control device according to claim 3, wherein, The flow channel structure further includes a connecting plate (7), the connecting plate (7) is connected to the outside of the cylindrical structure (1), and the connecting plate (7) is used to connect to a cold source.

8. The superfluid helium flow control device according to claim 7, characterized in that The flow channel structure further includes an inlet flange (8) and an outlet flange (9). Connecting flanges (10) are provided at both ends of the cylindrical structure (1). The inlet flange (8) and the outlet flange (9) are detachably connected to the connecting flanges (10) at both ends of the cylindrical structure (1) respectively. The inlet flange (8) is provided with an inlet hole (801) for superfluid helium to enter, and the outlet flange (9) is provided with a discharge hole for superfluid helium to be discharged.

9. The superfluid helium flow control device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, One end of the flow channel structure for discharging superfluid helium includes a connecting pipe (11). The connecting pipe (11) is provided with a mounting seat (12), and the heating device (2) is arranged on the mounting seat (12).

10. A cryogenic fluid system, characterized in that, It includes a container (14) and the superfluid helium flow control device according to any one of claims 1-9. The container (14) is used to contain superfluid helium, and the superfluid helium flow control device is connected to the discharge channel of the container (14).

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