Coal cake thickness measuring device of tamping coal charging car

Abstract

The invention provides a coal cake thickness measuring device of a tamping coal charging car, and relates to the field of coking coal production equipment.The coal cake thickness measuring device comprises a device support, a lifting base, a tamping rod, a hammer head, a height sensor, a controller and a first driving mechanism, the height sensor is used for collecting the real-time distance between the lifting base and the top of a coal box, and the real-time distance is transmitted to the controller; the controller controls the feeding conveying belt and the telescopic cylinder to work, after the height of the coal cake reaches the standard, the controller is used for controlling the telescopic cylinder to contract, the axis of the hinge point of the supporting base and the connecting rod is driven to move to the axis coincident position of the transmission fluted disc, and all the hammer heads are moved to the position tending to be horizontal. Coal on the upper portion of the hammer head is isolated from a tamping coal cake compacted on the lower portion of the hammer head, after the height of the coal cake in the coal box reaches the standard, the coal flowing out of the fall section between the feeding conveying belt and the coal box can be retained on the hammer head, the error of coal cake height measurement is remarkably reduced, and the measurement precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coking coal production equipment, and particularly to a device for measuring the thickness of a coal cake of a coal tamping charging car. Background Art

[0002] Coking coal production is a process of mixing and matching washed coking coals from different sources and coal types, tamping them into coal cakes, and then feeding them into the carbonization chambers of coke ovens for coking; compared with raw coal, coke has significant advantages. It has a high carbon content, usually exceeding 85% or even reaching more than 90%, the volatile matter is reduced to 1.5% - 3%, it can provide heat efficiently, act as a reducing agent, and reduce the influence of impurities; it appears as regular silver-gray lumps, which are convenient for transportation, storage, and quantitative use; it is hard, has high strength, is wear-resistant, has a large density, and good thermal stability, and is not easily broken at high temperatures; it has good combustibility and reducibility, with a short and concentrated combustion flame and fast speed, and can provide high temperature efficiently; it has extremely wide applications and is a key material in many industries such as steel, foundry, and chemical industry. It improves the reduction efficiency and molten iron quality in blast furnace ironmaking, and can also provide necessary heat and reduction conditions in other industries, effectively promoting the development of industrial production; In the existing coal cake tamping device, coal materials are fed into the tamping coal box through a feeding conveyor belt, and the coal materials in the coal box are tamped by a tamping mechanism. For example, in the patent CN208545360U, a tamping residual coal collection and return device, which discloses feeding coal into a coal hopper by setting a feeding belt conveyor on the upper part of the vehicle-mounted coal hopper, and in the patent CN108034440A, a device and method for controlling the height of a coal cake, which discloses detecting the height of the coal cake by a detection device and controlling the feeding device to stop feeding coal into the coal box after the height reaches the standard. Due to the height difference between the feeding belt conveyor and the coal box, after the height of the coal cake reaches the standard and the feeding belt conveyor stops, the coal materials flowing out from the drop section between the feeding belt conveyor and the coal box will still enter the coal box, which will increase the error of measuring the height of the coal cake and affect the measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] What the present invention aims to overcome is the problem that due to the height difference between the feeding belt conveyor and the coal box, after the height of the coal cake reaches the standard and the feeding belt conveyor stops, the coal materials flowing out from the drop section between the feeding belt conveyor and the coal box will still enter the coal box, which will increase the error of measuring the height of the coal cake and affect the measurement accuracy. The purpose is to provide a device for measuring the thickness of a coal cake of a coal tamping charging car.

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A device for measuring the thickness of a coal cake of a coal tamping charging car, which is applied to a coal tamping charging car. The coal tamping charging car is provided with a coal box, and coal materials are fed into the coal box from the upper part of the coal box by a feeding conveyor belt; it includes: a device support, a lifting seat, a tamping rod, a hammer head, a height sensor, a controller, and a first driving mechanism; The device bracket is fixed on the tamping coal charging vehicle. A lifting seat is slidably installed on the device bracket. A plurality of transmission gear discs are installed on the lifting seat. Each transmission gear disc is arranged corresponding to a tamping rod. The transmission gear disc is driven to rotate by a first driving mechanism. An installation groove is provided on the transmission gear disc along the radial direction. A support seat is slidably installed in the installation groove. A telescopic cylinder is installed on the transmission gear disc. The output end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the support seat. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the support seat through a hinge, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the tamping rod. The tamping rod is slidably installed on the lifting seat, and a hammer head is fixed at the lower end of the tamping rod. The hammer heads connected to two adjacent tamping rods are in contact with each other, and a material guiding channel is formed between the contact surface and the bottom of the hammer head. The height sensor is arranged on the lifting seat and detects the real-time distance between the lifting seat and the top of the coal box. After receiving and analyzing the signal of the height sensor, the controller outputs a control signal to the control ends of the feeding conveyor belt and the telescopic cylinder to make them act.

[0005] Further, for two adjacent hammer heads, a dovetail groove is provided on the side of one hammer head, and a trapezoidal block is provided on the side of the other hammer head. The trapezoidal block is located in the dovetail groove, and the material guiding channel penetrates through the trapezoidal block and the dovetail groove on the side of the hammer head.

[0006] Further, the first driving mechanism includes a transmission shaft, a transmission bevel gear, a driving motor, a driving shaft, and a connecting shaft. The transmission shaft is rotatably installed on the lifting seat. The transmission bevel gear is installed on the transmission shaft. The driving shaft is rotatably installed on the lifting seat. The driving motor drives the driving shaft to rotate. A worm gear is provided at the shaft end of the transmission shaft, and the worm gear and the driving shaft form a worm and worm gear mechanism. A plurality of connecting shafts are provided and are coaxially and juxtaposedly installed on the lifting seat. Each connecting shaft is correspondingly connected to a transmission gear disc, and the transmission gear disc meshes with the transmission bevel gear.

[0007] Further, a vertical section is provided at the lower part of the material guiding channel. The bottom of the vertical section is in a flared shape. A support ejector rod is installed in the vertical section. A sealing block that matches the flared shape at the bottom of the vertical section is fixed at the lower end of the support ejector rod. The support ejector rod passes through the vertical section, and the upper end is slidably installed on the hammer head.

[0008] Further, a lifting slideway is fixedly installed on the device bracket. The lifting slideway is located above the coal box. The lifting seat is slidably installed on the lifting slideway and is driven to lift by a second driving mechanism. The second driving mechanism includes a lifting rack, a lifting gear disc, and a lifting motor. The lifting rack is located inside the lifting slideway. The lifting rack is installed on the lifting seat. The lifting gear disc is rotatably installed on the device bracket. The lifting gear disc meshes with the lifting rack, and the lifting motor drives the lifting gear disc to rotate.

[0009] Further, floating grooves are respectively arranged on both sides of the lifting seat, the lifting rack is slidably installed in the floating grooves, a limiting groove is arranged on the lifting seat, a limiting clamping plate is slidably installed in the limiting groove, an anti-slip strip is arranged on one side of the limiting clamping plate close to the tamping rod, a tension spring is arranged between the limiting clamping plate and the limiting groove, the two ends of the lifting seat are slidably installed with pushing screws, one end of each pushing screw is inserted into the limiting groove and connected with a pushing block, an inclined plane corresponding to the pushing block is arranged on the upper part of the limiting clamping plate, the other end of the pushing screw is sleeved with a limiting gear through a threaded ring, the limiting gear is rotatably installed on the side of the lifting seat, and the limiting gear meshes with the lifting rack.

[0010] Further, the hammer heads are paired in twos and arranged adjacent to each other. Upper and lower friction wheels are respectively installed on one side surface of the dovetail groove of one hammer head and one side surface of the trapezoidal block of the other hammer head. The side surface of the trapezoidal block where the friction wheel is arranged and the side surface of the dovetail groove where the friction wheel is arranged are non-coplanar. The friction wheels on the same side surface are connected to the same friction shaft. A linkage cavity is arranged inside the hammer head, and a linkage mechanism is installed inside the linkage cavity. The linkage mechanism includes a one-way ratchet assembly that works alternately. A support sleeve is rotatably installed on the hammer head. A plurality of dial plates are annularly arranged on the outer ring side of the upper end of the support sleeve. A driven gear ring is installed at the lower end of the support sleeve. The friction shaft drives the driven gear ring to rotate through the linkage mechanism.

[0011] Further, the linkage mechanism includes a driven shaft, a linkage shaft, a first one-way ratchet, a second one-way ratchet, a first transmission gear ring, a second transmission gear ring, an intermediate shaft, an intermediate gear, a first transmission wheel, and a second transmission wheel. The first one-way ratchet and the second one-way ratchet are respectively installed on the linkage shaft. One end of the linkage shaft is connected to the friction shaft through gear meshing. The locking directions of the first one-way ratchet and the second one-way ratchet are opposite. A first transmission gear ring is arranged on the outer ring of the first one-way ratchet, and a second transmission gear ring is arranged on the outer ring of the second one-way ratchet. The first transmission gear ring meshes with the first transmission wheel, and the first transmission wheel is fixedly installed on the driven shaft. The second transmission gear ring meshes with the intermediate gear, the intermediate gear is rotatably installed on the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft is fixedly installed in the transmission cavity, the intermediate gear meshes with the second transmission wheel, and the second transmission wheel is fixedly installed on the driven shaft.

[0012] Further, a hollow cavity is arranged inside the tamping rod, an exhaust hole communicating with the internal hollow cavity is arranged on the upper side wall of the tamping rod, and the lower end of the hollow cavity is communicated with the material guiding channel.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The height sensor is used to collect the real-time distance between the lifting seat and the top of the coal bunker and transmit it to the controller. The controller controls the feeding conveyor belt and the telescopic cylinder to work. After the height of the coal cake reaches the standard, the controller controls the telescopic cylinder to contract, driving the hinge point axis of the support seat and the connecting rod to move to the position where it coincides with the axis of the transmission gear disc, moving all the hammer heads to a nearly horizontal position, separating the coal material above the hammer head from the compacted tamping coal cake below the hammer head. After the height of the coal cake in the coal bunker reaches the standard, the coal material flowing out from the drop section between the feeding conveyor belt and the coal bunker will stay on the hammer heads, significantly reducing the error of coal cake height measurement and improving the measurement accuracy. 2. The second driving mechanism is used to drive the lifting seat, the tamping rod and the hammer heads to move together. When the hammer heads tend to a horizontal position, the second driving mechanism lifts and then releases the lifting seat. The hammer heads at the same level can compact the coal cake again, reducing the height difference on the upper surface of the coal cake. Moreover, when the second driving mechanism moves, it can separate the hammer heads from the upper layer of the coal cake, facilitating the unloading of the coal cake. 3. A rotating deflector is arranged on the upper part of the hammer head. The rotation of the deflector can push the coal material on the upper part of the hammer head into the material guiding channel, which is beneficial to the movement of the coal material on the upper part of the hammer head to the lower part of the hammer head. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic installation diagram of the lifting seat of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic installation diagram of the lifting rack of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hammer head of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a top view of the lifting seat of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the hammer head of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic installation diagram of the limit clamping plate of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic connection diagram of the hammer head of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1, tamping coal charging car; 2, coal box; 3, device support; 12, lifting seat; 13, tamping rod; 14, hammer head; 15, height sensor; 16, controller; 17, first driving mechanism; 18, transmission gear disk; 21, installation groove; 22, support seat; 23, telescopic cylinder; 24, connecting rod; 25, feeding channel; 31, dovetail groove; 32, trapezoidal block; 41, transmission shaft; 42, transmission bevel gear; 43, driving motor; 44, driving shaft; 45, connecting shaft; 46, worm gear; 51, vertical section; 52, supporting ejector rod; 53, sealing block; 61, lifting slideway; 62, lifting rack; 63, lifting gear disk; 64, lifting motor; 65, floating groove; 66, second driving mechanism; 71, limiting groove; 72, limiting clamping plate; 73, anti-slip strip; 74, tension spring; 75, jacking screw; 76, pushing block; 77, inclined plane; 78, limiting gear; 81, friction wheel; 82, friction shaft; 83, linkage cavity; 84, linkage mechanism; 85, supporting sleeve; 86, dialing plate; 87, driven gear ring; 88, driven shaft; 89, linkage shaft; 91, first one-way ratchet; 92, second one-way ratchet; 93, first transmission gear ring; 94, second transmission gear ring; 95, intermediate shaft; 96, intermediate gear; 97, first transmission wheel; 98, second transmission wheel; 99, hollow cavity; 100, exhaust hole. Detailed implementation mode

[0016] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific drawings.

[0017] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1-4 shown, a coal cake thickness measuring device for a tamping coal charging car 1 is applied to the tamping coal charging car 1. The tamping coal charging car 1 is provided with a coal box 2, and coal material is fed into the coal box 2 from the upper part of the coal box 2 by a feeding conveyor belt. The device includes: a device support 3, a lifting seat 12, a tamping rod 13, a hammer head 14, a height sensor 15, a controller 16, and a first driving mechanism 17; The device support 3 is fixed on the tamping coal charging car 1. A lifting seat 12 is slidably installed on the device support 3. A plurality of transmission gear disks 18 are installed on the lifting seat 12. Each transmission gear disk 18 is arranged corresponding to a tamping rod 13. The transmission gear disk 18 is driven to rotate by the first driving mechanism 17. An installation groove 21 is provided along the radial direction on the transmission gear disk 18. A support seat 22 is slidably installed in the installation groove 21. A telescopic cylinder 23 is installed on the transmission gear disk 18. The output end of the telescopic cylinder 23 is connected to the support seat 22. One end of the support seat 22 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 24 through a hinge, and the other end of the connecting rod 24 is hinged to the tamping rod 13. The tamping rod 13 is slidably installed on the lifting seat 12. A hammer head 14 is fixed at the lower end of the tamping rod 13; The hammer heads 14 connected to two adjacent tamping rods 13 are in contact with each other, and a material guiding channel 25 is formed between the contact surface and the bottom of the hammer head 14. The height sensor 15 is arranged on the lifting seat 12 and detects the real-time distance between the lifting seat 12 and the top of the coal box 2. After receiving and analyzing the signal from the height sensor 15, the controller 16 outputs a control signal to the control ends of the feeding conveyor belt and the telescopic cylinder 23 to make them act; By arranging the contacting hammer heads 14, the coal material fed into the coal box 2 by the feeding conveyor belt directly falls onto the upper part of the hammer heads 14; When the coal box 2 is feeding, the telescopic cylinder extends to the maximum stroke, moves the support seat 22 along the installation groove 21 to an eccentric position with the transmission gear disk 18. As the first driving mechanism 17 drives the transmission gear disk 18 to rotate, the transmission gear disk 18 drives the support seat 22 to rotate around the axis of the transmission gear disk 18. When the support seat 22 rotates, the connecting rod 24 hinged on it forms a crank connecting rod 24 mechanism. As the transmission gear disk 18 rotates, the connecting rod 24 pulls the tamping rod 13 to make a reciprocating up and down movement. When the tamping rod 13 rises, it drives the hammer head 14 to rise. When the telescopic cylinder extends, due to the different heights of the support seats 22 on each transmission gear disk 18 moving, a displacement difference is generated between the tamping rods 13 correspondingly connected by the connecting rods 24 on two adjacent transmission gear disks 18. Therefore, the two tamping rods 13 drive the two hammer heads 14 to move, causing a misalignment displacement between the two hammer heads 14. As the two hammer heads 14 are misaligned, the port of the material guiding channel 25 on the side with the higher position of the hammer head 14 moves to the upper part of the adjacent hammer head 14. The coal material on the upper part of the hammer head 14 can enter into this material guiding channel 25, fall from the material guiding channel 25 to the lower part of the hammer head 14, and then as the transmission gear disk 18 rotates, the two adjacent hammer heads 14 alternately rise and fall to complete the tamping operation of the coal material. And as the coal material enters the lower part of the hammer head 14, the thickness of the coal layer at the lower part of the hammer head 14 increases. During the up and down movement of the hammer head 14, it will also drive the entire lifting seat 12 to move upward as the coal layer thickness increases. The height sensor 15 on the lifting seat 12 real-time collects and detects the distance information between the lifting seat 12 and the top of the coal box 2, and transmits it to the controller 16. The controller 16 compares the collected distance information with the set threshold; When the set threshold is reached, the controller 16 outputs a control instruction to the control end of the feeding conveyor belt to control the feeding conveyor belt to stop working. At the same time, a control signal is output to the control end of the telescopic cylinder to control the telescopic cylinder to contract. After the telescopic cylinder contracts, it drives the support seat 22 to move, and moves the hinge point axis of the support seat 22 and the connecting rod 24 to the position where it coincides with the axis of the transmission gear disk 18. At this time, the rotation of the transmission gear disk 18 cannot drive the connecting rod 24 to deflect. All the connecting rods 24 on the transmission gear disk 18 tend to be in a state coaxial with the tamping rod 13 under the action of their own gravity and the gravity of the tamping rod 13. Thus, all the hammer heads 14 are moved to a position close to horizontal. At this time, there is no relative drop between the hammer heads 14, and the ports of the material guiding channels 25 on the side of the hammer heads 14 will not be exposed to the outside. It can isolate the coal material above the hammer heads 14 from the tamped coal cake compacted below the hammer heads 14. After the height of the coal cake in the coal box 2 reaches the standard, the coal material flowing out from the drop section between the feeding conveyor belt and the coal box 2 will stay on the hammer heads 14, reducing the error of the coal cake height measurement and improving the measurement accuracy.

[0018] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, as Figures 1-7 shown, for two adjacent hammer heads 14, a dovetail groove 31 is provided on the side of one hammer head 14, and a trapezoidal block 32 is provided on the side of the other hammer head 14. The trapezoidal block 32 is located in the dovetail groove 31. The material guiding channel 25 penetrates through the trapezoidal block 32 and the dovetail groove 31 on the side of the hammer head 14. By using the cooperation of the trapezoidal block 32 and the dovetail groove 31, two adjacent hammer heads 14 are connected to reduce the shaking amplitude of the two hammer heads 14 during up and down movement; The first driving mechanism 17 includes a transmission shaft 41, a transmission bevel gear 42, a driving motor 43, a driving shaft 44, and a connecting shaft 45. The transmission shaft 41 is rotatably installed on the lifting seat 12, the transmission bevel gear 42 is installed on the transmission shaft 41, the driving shaft 44 is rotatably installed on the lifting seat 12, the driving motor 43 drives the driving shaft 44 to rotate, a worm gear 46 is provided at the shaft end of the transmission shaft 41, and the worm gear 46 and the driving shaft 44 form a worm gear 46 worm mechanism. There are multiple connecting shafts 45, which are coaxially and juxtaposedly installed on the lifting seat 12. Each connecting shaft 45 corresponds to connect a transmission gear disk 18, and the transmission gear disk 18 meshes with the transmission bevel gear 42. By using the driving motor 43 to drive the driving shaft 44 to rotate, the driving shaft 44 rotates to drive the turbine to rotate, and then drives the transmission shaft 41 to rotate. The transmission shaft 41 rotates to drive the transmission bevel gear 42 to rotate, the transmission bevel gear 42 drives the transmission gear disk 18 to rotate, and the transmission gear disk 18 rotates to drive the tamping rod 13 to move up and down through the support seat 22 and the connecting rod 24; There is a vertical section 51 at the lower part of the material guiding channel 25. The bottom of the vertical section 51 is in a flared shape. A supporting ejector rod 52 is installed in the vertical section 51. A sealing block 53 that matches the flared shape at the bottom of the vertical section 51 is fixed to the lower end of the supporting ejector rod 52. The supporting ejector rod 52 passes through the vertical section 51 and its upper end is slidably installed on the hammer head 14. When the hammer head 14 rises, due to its own gravity, the supporting ejector rod 52 and the sealing block 53 will move downward, causing the sealing block 53 to separate from the flared opening at the bottom of the vertical section 51. At this time, the coal material in the material guiding channel 25 can fall from the flared opening to the lower part of the hammer head 14. When the hammer head 14 moves downward to the upper part of the coal cake, the sealing block 53 comes into contact with the upper surface of the coal cake in advance. Supported by the coal cake, the sealing block 53 moves upward to block the flared opening. After the hammer head 14 completely falls, the applied pressure is transmitted through the sealing block 53, and the coal material at the bottom of the sealing block 53 can also be compacted. Thus, multiple hammer heads 14 and the sealing blocks 53 thereon can completely cover each position on the inner plane of the coal box 2, reducing the phenomenon of uneven compaction; A lifting slideway 61 is fixedly installed on the device support 3. The lifting slideway 61 is located above the coal box 2. The lifting seat 12 is slidably installed on the lifting slideway 61 and is driven to lift by a second driving mechanism 66. The second driving mechanism 66 includes a lifting rack 62, a lifting gear disk 63, and a lifting motor 64. The lifting rack 62 is located inside the lifting slideway 61. The lifting rack 62 is installed on the lifting seat 12. The lifting gear disk 63 is rotatably installed on the device support 3. The lifting gear disk 63 meshes with the lifting rack 62. The lifting motor 64 drives the lifting gear disk 63 to rotate. By driving the lifting gear disk 63 to rotate with the lifting motor 64, the lifting gear disk 63 pushes the lifting rack 62 to move, thereby driving the lifting seat 12 to move upward along the lifting slideway 61, and overall driving the lifting seat 12, the ramming rod 13, and the hammer head 14 to move upward to separate the hammer head 14 from the coal cake in the coal box 2; Floating grooves 65 are respectively arranged on both sides of the lifting seat 12. The lifting rack 62 is slidably installed in the floating grooves 65. A limiting groove 71 is arranged on the lifting seat 12. A limiting clamping plate 72 is slidably installed in the limiting groove 71. Anti-slip strips 73 are arranged on the side of the limiting clamping plate 72 close to the ramming rod 13. A tension spring 74 is arranged between the limiting clamping plate 72 and the limiting groove 71. Thrust screws 75 are slidably installed at both ends of the lifting seat 12. One end of the thrust screw 75 is inserted into the limiting groove 71 and is connected with a pushing block 76. An inclined plane 77 corresponding to the pushing block 76 is arranged on the upper part of the limiting clamping plate 72. The other end of the thrust screw 75 is sleeved with a limiting gear 78 through a threaded ring. The limiting gear 78 is rotatably installed on the side of the lifting seat 12. The limiting gear 78 meshes with the lifting rack 62; During the feeding stage of the coal box 2, the lifting motor 64 does not work, and the lifting gear disk 63 does not apply force to the lifting rack 62. At this time, the lifting rack 62 is located at the lowest end of the floating slot 65 under its own gravity. When the coal cake in the coal box 2 reaches the set height, the controller 16 controls the lifting motor 64 to work, driving the lifting gear disk 63 to rotate. The rotation of the lifting gear disk 63 drives the lifting rack 62 to move upward in the floating slot 65. At this time, the lifting rack 62 moves upward while the lifting seat 12 remains stationary. As the lifting rack 62 moves, it drives the limit gear 78 to rotate. The limit gear 78 drives the jacking screw 75 to rotate. The jacking screw 75 pushes the push block 76 to squeeze the inclined surface 77 on the limit clamping plate 72, pushing the limit clamping plate 72 towards the tamping rod 13. The anti-slip strip 73 on the limit clamping plate 72 contacts the tamping rod 13, thereby restricting the vertical displacement of the tamping rod 13 and achieving the positioning of the tamping rod 13. When the lifting rack 62 moves to the uppermost end of the floating slot 65, the lifting gear disk 63 continues to push the lifting rack 62 to move, further pushing the lifting seat 12 to move upward, and then driving the hammer head 14 to separate from the coal cake in the coal box 2; When the lifting seat 12 descends, the lifting seat 12, the tamping rod 13 and the hammer head 14 on it move downward under the action of gravity, while the lifting rack 62 still remains at the uppermost end of the floating slot 65 under the resistance of the lifting gear disk 63. At this time, the lifting rack 62 does not produce displacement relative to the lifting seat 12 and does not drive the limit gear 78 to rotate. Therefore, the jacking screw 75 always pushes the push block 76 to exert a thrust on the limit clamping plate 72, and the limit clamping plate 72 maintains the clamping state of the tamping rod 13; When the lifting seat 12 falls to the bottom, the lifting rack 62 maintains the original downward movement state under the action of inertia and its own gravity. At this time, the lifting rack 62 moves in the floating slot 65 and produces displacement relative to the lifting seat 12. The movement of the lifting rack 62 drives the limit gear 78 to rotate, and then drives the jacking screw 75 to rotate, pulling the push block 76 away from the inclined surface 77 on the limit clamping plate 72. The limit clamping plate 72 separates from the tamping rod 13 under the action of the tension spring 74. At this time, the tamping rod 13 can slide freely on the lifting seat 12 again; When the controller 16 determines that the thickness of the coal cake in the coal box 2 meets the standard according to the collected height information, it controls the telescopic cylinder 23 to contract, so that the hammer heads 14 tend to the same horizontal height position. The second driving mechanism 66 drives the lifting seat 12 to move upward, and then drives the lifting seat 12, the tamping rod 13, and the hammer heads 14 to move upward as a whole. When the lifting seat 12 moves to the highest point position, the second driving mechanism 66 stops working. Without the action of driving force, the lifting seat 12, the tamping rod 13, and the hammer heads 14 freely fall into the coal box 2 under the action of gravity. Since all the hammer heads 14 tend to a horizontal plane position at this time, after falling, a whole extrusion operation can be performed on the upper end face of the coal cake in the coal box 2, optimizing the flatness of the upper end face of the coal cake. During the falling process of the lifting seat 12, the tamping rod 13 is clamped by the limit clamping plate 72. When the tamping rod 13 is axially impacted, the clamping of the limit clamping plate 72 on the tamping rod 13 can buffer the impact force and reduce the impact force on the connecting rod 24 and the transmission gear disk 18 upward.

[0019] Embodiment 3: On the basis of Embodiment 1, as Figures 1-9 shown, the hammer heads 14 are paired in twos and arranged adjacent to each other. Two upper and lower friction wheels 81 are respectively installed on one side surface of the dovetail groove 31 on one hammer head 14 and one side surface of the trapezoidal block 32 on the other hammer head 14. The side surface of the trapezoidal block 32 where the friction wheel 81 is arranged and the side surface of the dovetail groove 31 where the friction wheel 81 is arranged are non-coplanar. The friction wheels 81 on the same side surface are connected to the same friction shaft 82. A linkage cavity 83 is arranged inside the hammer head 14, and a linkage mechanism 84 is installed inside the linkage cavity 83. A support sleeve 85 is rotatably installed on the hammer head 14. An outer ring side of the upper end of the support sleeve 85 is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged dial plates 86 in an annular array. A driven gear ring 87 is installed at the lower end of the support sleeve 85. The friction shaft 82 drives the driven gear ring 87 to rotate through the linkage mechanism 84. The friction wheels 81 on each hammer head 14 contact the side surface of the paired hammer head 14; when a relative displacement occurs between two adjacent hammer heads 14, the friction wheels 81 on the hammer heads 14 rotate under the influence of the frictional force of the side surface of the adjacent hammer head 14. The rotation of the friction wheels 81 drives the friction shaft 82 to rotate. The friction shaft 82 drives the driven gear ring 87 to rotate through the linkage mechanism 84, and then drives the support sleeve 85 to rotate, pushing the dial plates 86 to move on the upper part of the hammer head. When the dial plates move, they can push the coal material on the upper part of the hammer head to move, and can push the coal material on the upper part of the hammer head 14 to the side part of the hammer head 14. When two adjacent hammer heads 14 are misaligned and the port of the material guiding channel 25 is exposed, the coal material is pushed into the material guiding channel 25. The linkage mechanism 84 includes a driven shaft 88, a linkage shaft 89, a first one-way ratchet 91, a second one-way ratchet 92, a first transmission gear ring 93, a second transmission gear ring 94, an intermediate shaft 95, an intermediate gear 96, a first transmission gear 97, and a second transmission gear 98. The first one-way ratchet 91 and the second one-way ratchet 92 are respectively installed on the linkage shaft 89. One end of the linkage shaft 89 is connected to the friction shaft 82 through gear meshing. The locking directions of the first one-way ratchet 91 and the second one-way ratchet 92 are opposite. The outer ring of the first one-way ratchet 91 has a first transmission gear ring 93, and the outer ring of the second one-way ratchet 92 has a second transmission gear ring 94. The first transmission gear ring 93 meshes with the first transmission gear 97, and the first transmission gear 97 is fixedly installed on the driven shaft 88. The second transmission gear ring 94 meshes with the intermediate gear 96, and the intermediate gear 96 is rotatably installed on the intermediate shaft 95. The intermediate shaft 95 is fixedly installed in the linkage cavity 83. The intermediate gear 96 meshes with the second transmission gear 98, and the second transmission gear 98 is fixedly installed on the driven shaft 88. By setting the first one-way ratchet 91 and the second one-way ratchet 92 with opposite locking directions, only one of the first one-way ratchet 91 and the second one-way ratchet 92 can provide external transmission output regardless of whether the linkage shaft 89 rotates forward or reversely. By meshing the intermediate gear 96 with the second transmission gear ring 94 on the second one-way ratchet 92, the rotation direction is changed, so that the linkage shaft 89 will drive the driven shaft 88 to rotate in one direction whether it rotates forward or reversely. Thus, the relative displacement between adjacent hammers 14, whether rising or falling, the support sleeve 85 drives the dial 86 to rotate only in one direction, avoiding the reverse rotation from causing the coal material to move towards the middle of the hammer 14; When the hammer 14 is rising or falling, the space between the hammer 14 and the upper part of the coal cake in the coal box 2 is constantly changing. The pressure change caused by the space change will generate resistance to the movement of the hammer 14. By providing a hollow cavity 99 inside the tamping rod 13, and an exhaust hole 100 is provided on the upper side wall of the tamping rod 13 and communicates with the internal hollow cavity 99. The lower end of the hollow cavity 99 communicates with the material guiding channel 25; by using the hollow cavity 99 and the exhaust hole 100 to communicate the material guiding channel 25, when the hammer 14 moves, the air flow below the hammer 14 can be exchanged with the outside through the hollow cavity 99 and the exhaust hole 100, reducing the resistance to the movement of the hammer 14.

[0020] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coal cake thickness measuring device for a tamping coal charging car, which is applied to the tamping coal charging car. The tamping coal charging car is provided with a coal box, and coal material is fed into the coal box from the upper part of the coal box by a feeding conveyor belt; it is characterized in that, Including: A device bracket, a lifting seat, a tamping rod, a hammer head, a height sensor, a controller, and a first driving mechanism; The device bracket is fixed on the tamping coal loading vehicle. A lifting seat is slidably installed on the device bracket. A plurality of transmission gear discs are installed on the lifting seat. Each transmission gear disc is provided corresponding to a tamping rod. The transmission gear disc is driven to rotate by the first driving mechanism. An installation groove is provided along the radial direction on the transmission gear disc. A support seat is slidably installed in the installation groove. A telescopic cylinder is installed on the transmission gear disc. The output end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the support seat. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the support seat through a hinge, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the tamping rod. The tamping rod is slidably installed on the lifting seat, and a hammer head is fixed at the lower end of the tamping rod; The hammer heads connected to two adjacent tamping rods are in contact with each other, and a material guiding channel is formed between the contact surface and the bottom of the hammer head. The height sensor is arranged on the lifting seat and detects the real-time distance between the lifting seat and the top of the coal box. After receiving and analyzing the signal of the height sensor, the controller outputs a control signal to the control ends of the feeding conveyor belt and the telescopic cylinder to act.

2. The coal cake thickness measuring device of a tamping coal charging car according to claim 1, characterized in that, For two adjacent hammer heads, a dovetail groove is provided on the side of one hammer head, and a trapezoidal block is provided on the side of the other hammer head. The trapezoidal block is located in the dovetail groove, and the material guiding channel penetrates through the trapezoidal block and the dovetail groove on the side of the hammer head.

3. The coal cake thickness measuring device of a tamping coal charging car according to claim 1, characterized in that The first driving mechanism includes a transmission shaft, a transmission bevel gear, a driving motor, a driving shaft, and a connecting shaft. The transmission shaft is rotatably installed on the lifting seat. The transmission bevel gear is installed on the transmission shaft. The driving shaft is rotatably installed on the lifting seat. The driving motor drives the driving shaft to rotate. A worm gear is provided at the shaft end of the transmission shaft. The worm gear and the driving shaft form a worm and worm gear mechanism. A plurality of connecting shafts are provided and are coaxially installed side by side on the lifting seat. Each connecting shaft corresponds to and connects a transmission gear disc, and the transmission gear disc meshes with the transmission bevel gear.

4. The coal cake thickness measuring device of a tamping coal charging car according to claim 1, characterized in that A vertical section is provided at the lower part of the material guiding channel. The bottom of the vertical section is in a flared shape. A support ejector rod is installed in the vertical section. A sealing block matching the flared shape at the bottom of the vertical section is fixed at the lower end of the support ejector rod. The support ejector rod passes through the vertical section and the upper end is slidably installed on the hammer head.

5. The coal cake thickness measuring device of a tamping coal charging car according to claim 1, characterized in that, A lifting slideway is fixedly installed on the device bracket. The lifting slideway is located above the coal box. The lifting seat is slidably installed on the lifting slideway and is driven to lift by a second driving mechanism. The second driving mechanism includes a lifting rack, a lifting gear disc, and a lifting motor. The lifting rack is located inside the lifting slideway. The lifting rack is installed on the lifting seat. The lifting gear disc is rotatably installed on the device bracket. The lifting gear disc meshes with the lifting rack, and the lifting motor drives the lifting gear disc to rotate.

6. The coal cake thickness measuring device of a tamping coal charging car according to claim 5, characterized in that, On both sides of the lifting seat, floating grooves are respectively provided. The lifting rack is slidably installed in the floating grooves. On the lifting seat, a limiting groove is provided, and a limiting clamping plate is slidably installed in the limiting groove. On the side of the limiting clamping plate close to the tamping rod, an anti-slip strip is provided. A tension spring is provided between the limiting clamping plate and the limiting groove. At both ends of the lifting seat, a jacking screw is slidably installed. One end of the jacking screw is inserted into the interior of the limiting groove and connected with a pushing block. An inclined plane corresponding to the pushing block is provided on the upper part of the limiting clamping plate. The other end of the jacking screw is sleeved with a limiting gear through a threaded ring. The limiting gear is rotatably installed on the side of the lifting seat, and the limiting gear meshes with the lifting rack.

7. The coal cake thickness measuring device of a tamping coal charging car according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hammer heads are paired in twos and arranged adjacent to each other. On one side surface of the dovetail groove of one hammer head and on one side surface of the trapezoidal block of another hammer head, upper and lower friction wheels are respectively installed. The side surface of the trapezoidal block where the friction wheel is provided and the side surface of the dovetail groove where the friction wheel is provided are non-coplanar. The friction wheels on the same side surface are connected to the same friction shaft. A linkage cavity is provided inside the hammer head, and a linkage mechanism is installed inside the linkage cavity. The linkage mechanism includes an alternating working one-way ratchet assembly. A support sleeve is rotatably installed on the hammer head. An outer ring side of the upper end of the support sleeve is annularly and arrayedly provided with a dial plate. A driven gear ring is installed at the lower end of the support sleeve. The friction shaft drives the driven gear ring to rotate through the linkage mechanism.

8. The coal cake thickness measuring device of a tamping coal charging car according to claim 7, characterized in that, The linkage mechanism includes a driven shaft, a linkage shaft, a first one-way ratchet, a second one-way ratchet, a first transmission gear ring, a second transmission gear ring, an intermediate shaft, an intermediate gear, a first transmission wheel, and a second transmission wheel. The first one-way ratchet and the second one-way ratchet are respectively installed on the linkage shaft. One end of the linkage shaft is meshed and connected with the friction shaft through a gear. The locking directions of the first one-way ratchet and the second one-way ratchet are opposite. A first transmission gear ring is provided on the outer ring of the first one-way ratchet, and a second transmission gear ring is provided on the outer ring of the second one-way ratchet. The first transmission gear ring meshes with the first transmission wheel. The first transmission wheel is fixedly installed on the driven shaft. The second transmission gear ring meshes with the intermediate gear. The intermediate gear is rotatably installed on the intermediate shaft. The intermediate shaft is fixedly installed in the transmission cavity. The intermediate gear meshes with the second transmission wheel. The second transmission wheel is fixedly installed on the driven shaft.

9. The coal cake thickness measuring device of a tamping coal charging car according to claim 2, characterized in that, A hollow cavity is provided inside the tamping rod. An exhaust hole communicating with the internal hollow cavity is provided on the upper side wall of the tamping rod. The lower end of the hollow cavity communicates with the material guiding channel.

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