Methods for correcting the flow rate of the turbine in wide-load ecological flow power generation

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation, belonging to the technical field of wide-load turbines. The method includes: collecting historical operating data of the wide-load turbine and preprocessing it to construct a mathematical model of the flow rate; analyzing real-time operating data of the wide-load turbine, calculating the flow rate, and determining the flow rate result; analyzing the flow rate result, and correcting the flow rate based on the analysis to meet ecological flow requirements. This invention solves the problem that existing methods cannot effectively correct the flow rate of wide-load turbines according to the needs of the river ecosystem, leading to unmet ecological flow requirements and reduced power generation efficiency. This invention can effectively correct the flow rate of wide-load turbines according to the needs of the river ecosystem, improving the performance of wide-load turbines, better meeting ecological flow requirements, and optimizing power generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wide-load turbine technology, specifically a method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation. Background Technology

[0002] Mixed-flow turbines, characterized by their wide adaptability to various head ranges and simple structure, are the most widely used type of turbine in hydropower stations, accounting for approximately 80% of installed hydropower capacity. With the increasing scale of grid connection for intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, the integration of large-capacity, unstable power sources into the grid inevitably leads to a significant reduction in the long-term stability and security of the power system. Therefore, another important function of hydropower is to serve as a supplementary mechanism for the grid connection of intermittent energy sources such as wind and solar power at this stage, and mixed-flow turbine units, operating frequently and under wide loads, have become the main force in hydropower's role in regulating grid balance.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN118934395A discloses a stepless regulation system for suppressing vortex bands in the tailrace of a wide-load turbine and its usage method. The system includes a mixed-flow turbine unit, a flow-turbine device, a high-pressure manifold, an actuator, and a usage method. The mixed-flow turbine unit includes an inlet section, a volute, movable guide vanes, a runner, and a tailrace pipe, realizing the conversion of fluid potential energy and kinetic energy into mechanical energy. The flow-turbine device includes a baffle plate and a fixing component, realizing the function of changing the flow state of the fluid in the tailrace pipe. The actuator includes a hydraulic cylinder base, a hydraulic cylinder, and a telescopic shaft, which controls the telescopic shaft to change the spatial position of the baffle plate, realizing the function of changing the fluid flow state in the tailrace pipe under multiple operating conditions. However, this patent has the following defects:

[0004] Existing technologies cannot effectively adjust the flow rate of wide-load turbines according to the needs of river ecosystems, resulting in poor performance of wide-load turbines. They not only fail to meet ecological flow requirements but also reduce power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation. This method can effectively correct the flow rate of the wide-load turbine according to the needs of the river ecosystem, improve the performance of the wide-load turbine, better meet the ecological flow requirements, optimize power generation efficiency, and solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] Methods for correcting the flow rate of wide-load turbines in ecological flow power generation include:

[0008] Based on the needs of the river ecosystem, historical operating data of wide-load turbines were collected and preprocessed to construct a mathematical model of the flow rate of wide-load turbines.

[0009] Based on the mathematical model of the flow rate of the wide-load impeller, the real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is analyzed, the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is calculated, and the flow rate result of the wide-load impeller is determined.

[0010] The flow rate of the wide-load impeller is analyzed, and the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is corrected according to the analysis. The real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is adjusted in real time, and the flow rate correction method of the wide-load impeller is optimized in a closed loop to meet the ecological flow requirements.

[0011] Preferably, historical operating data of wide-load turbines is collected, including:

[0012] The runner diameter, number of blades, blade angle, runner inlet and outlet geometry, rated flow rate and rated power of the wide-load runner are collected to determine the design parameters of the wide-load runner;

[0013] The head, flow rate, rotational speed, guide vane opening, sediment content, water temperature, air pressure and humidity of the wide-load runner are collected during operation to determine the operating parameters of the wide-load runner;

[0014] Ecological flow required for the health of river ecosystems is collected to determine the required ecological flow value. Combined with hydrological conditions in different seasons and periods, the flow characteristics of wide-load turbines under different loads are analyzed to determine the ecological flow requirements of wide-load turbines.

[0015] Based on the design parameters, operating parameters, and ecological flow requirements of the wide-load runner, the historical operating data of the wide-load runner were determined.

[0016] Preferably, the collected historical operating data of the wide-load turbine is preprocessed, including:

[0017] Clean the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller to remove noise data that is not useful for correcting the overflow rate of the wide-load impeller.

[0018] The historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner is examined to identify duplicate, missing, and outlier values. Duplicate values ​​are removed, and unique data records are retained.

[0019] Determine whether missing and outlier values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller are useful for correcting the overflow rate of the wide-load impeller. If they are useful, use the average to fill in the missing values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller and use the median to replace the outlier values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller. If they are not useful, delete the missing and outlier values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller directly.

[0020] Preferably, the preprocessing of the collected historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner further includes:

[0021] The historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners is normalized to convert the historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners into a unified data format, remove the dimensional differences in the historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners, and determine the standardized historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners.

[0022] Feature extraction is performed on the historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner. Features useful for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load turbine runner are extracted from the historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner, and the historical operating characteristic data of the wide-load turbine runner are determined.

[0023] Preferably, a mathematical model for the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is constructed, including:

[0024] The historical operating characteristic data of the wide-load turbine were divided to determine the training set and the test set;

[0025] Based on machine learning technology, a training set is used to train the machine learning model, enabling the machine learning model to autonomously learn the calculation behavior of wide-load impeller flow rate and predict the wide-load impeller flow rate, thus determining the mathematical model of wide-load impeller flow rate based on machine learning.

[0026] The machine learning-based mathematical model for wide-load rotary flow rate was tested using a test set, and the effectiveness of the machine learning-based mathematical model for wide-load rotary flow rate was evaluated.

[0027] Based on the test and evaluation results, the parameters of the machine learning-based wide-load impeller flow rate mathematical model were adjusted, and the model was continuously optimized to determine the optimal model.

[0028] Preferably, calculating the flow rate of the wide-load impeller includes:

[0029] Obtain the optimal mathematical model for wide-load impeller flow rate and deploy it in the actual wide-load impeller flow rate correction environment.

[0030] Real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is collected and input into the optimal mathematical model of wide-load impeller flow rate. The real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is analyzed based on the optimal mathematical model of wide-load impeller flow rate, the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is calculated, and the flow rate result of the wide-load impeller is determined.

[0031] Preferably, the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is corrected, including:

[0032] The flow rate of the wide-load turbine is compared and analyzed with the set ecological flow threshold to determine whether the flow rate of the wide-load turbine meets the ecological flow requirements.

[0033] When the overcurrent of the wide-load turbine does not meet the ecological flow requirements, a method for correcting the overcurrent of the wide-load turbine is formulated and applied to the actual ecological flow power generation process.

[0034] The overflow rate of the wide-load impeller is corrected based on the established method for correcting the overflow rate of the wide-load impeller, and the real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is adjusted in real time.

[0035] The corrected flow rate of the wide-load impeller is monitored in real time to verify whether it meets the ecological flow requirements. Based on the verification results, the method for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is optimized in a closed loop to ensure that it meets the ecological flow requirements.

[0036] Preferably, the established method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load impeller is to adjust the guide vane opening and rotational speed of the wide-load impeller to correct the flow rate.

[0037] Preferably, the method for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load impeller when the flow rate does not meet the ecological flow requirements includes:

[0038] The flow difference between the wide-load impeller flow rate and the set ecological flow threshold is obtained. When the flow difference is positive, the adjustment method is determined to be to decrease the guide vane opening and decrease the impeller speed. When the flow difference is negative, the adjustment method is determined to increase the guide vane opening and increase the impeller speed.

[0039] Based on the operating conditions of the wide-load runner, the primary adjustment range of the guide vane opening and the primary adjustment range of the runner speed are set. The wide-load runner is adjusted according to the primary adjustment range of the opening and the primary adjustment range of the speed, and the current operating data after adjustment is obtained.

[0040] Preferably, the method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load impeller also includes:

[0041] Input the current operating data into the mathematical model of the wide-load impeller flow rate to obtain the current flow rate result of the wide-load impeller;

[0042] Based on the latest difference between the current overflow rate and the set ecological flow threshold, fine adjustments are made according to the adjustment method, the adjustment range of the opening degree, and the adjustment range of the rotation speed. The adjustments are repeated until the latest overflow rate meets the ecological flow requirements.

[0043] When the operating state of the wide-load turbine meets the ecological flow requirements, the current operating efficiency of the wide-load turbine is obtained;

[0044] Determine whether the current operating efficiency is not less than the historical operating efficiency;

[0045] If so, continue running with the current operating parameters;

[0046] Otherwise, optimize the guide vane opening and impeller speed, specifically as follows:

[0047] The guide vane opening is finely adjusted in the opposite direction to the previous adjustment according to the opening adjustment range, and the rotor speed is adaptively finely adjusted according to the speed adjustment range based on the ecological flow demand. After repeating the above optimization method for a preset number of times, it is determined whether the latest operating efficiency is not less than the historical operating efficiency.

[0048] If so, run the program with the optimized operating parameters.

[0049] Otherwise, the rotor speed is fine-tuned in the opposite direction to the previous adjustment by adjusting the speed by one adjustment range, and the guide vane opening is adaptively fine-tuned by adjusting the opening by one adjustment range based on the ecological flow requirements.

[0050] If optimizing the guide vane opening and the runner speed cannot result in the latest operating efficiency being greater than or equal to the historical operating efficiency, it is determined that the operating status of the guide vane opening and the runner speed does not affect the operating efficiency, and other operating parameters are investigated.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] This invention determines the required ecological flow value based on the needs of the river ecosystem and the hydrological conditions of different seasons and periods. It analyzes the flow characteristics of the turbine runner under different loads, collects and preprocesses historical operating data of the wide-load runner, establishes a mathematical model for the flow rate of the wide-load runner, analyzes the real-time operating data of the wide-load runner based on this mathematical model, calculates the flow rate, determines the flow rate result, analyzes the flow rate result, and corrects the flow rate based on the analysis. It adjusts the real-time operating data of the wide-load runner in real time and optimizes the flow rate correction method in a closed loop to meet the ecological flow requirements. This invention can effectively correct the flow rate of the wide-load runner according to the needs of the river ecosystem, improving the performance of the wide-load runner. It not only better meets the ecological flow requirements but also optimizes power generation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load impeller according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] To address the problem that existing wide-load turbine runners cannot effectively adjust their flow rate according to the needs of the river ecosystem, resulting in poor performance and reduced power generation efficiency, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 This embodiment provides the following technical solution:

[0056] Methods for correcting the flow rate of wide-load turbines in ecological flow power generation include:

[0057] Based on the needs of the river ecosystem, historical operating data of wide-load turbines were collected and preprocessed to construct a mathematical model of the flow rate of wide-load turbines.

[0058] In this embodiment, collecting historical operating data of the wide-load turbine includes:

[0059] The runner diameter, number of blades, blade angle, runner inlet and outlet geometry, rated flow rate and rated power of the wide-load runner are collected to determine the design parameters of the wide-load runner;

[0060] The head, flow rate, rotational speed, guide vane opening, sediment content, water temperature, air pressure and humidity of the wide-load runner are collected during operation to determine the operating parameters of the wide-load runner;

[0061] It should be noted that: head is the difference between upstream and downstream water levels, and changes in head affect flow rate and power output; flow rate is the actual flow rate passing through the turbine, which is affected by control parameters such as guide vane opening and rotational speed; rotational speed is the actual operating speed of the turbine, and changes in rotational speed affect flow rate and efficiency; guide vane opening is the opening angle of the guide vanes, which directly affects the flow area and flow rate; sediment content is the sediment content in the water flow, which affects the runner's flow capacity and efficiency; changes in water temperature affect the density and viscosity of water, thus affecting flow characteristics; air pressure and humidity have an indirect impact on water flow characteristics.

[0062] Ecological flow required for the health of river ecosystems is collected to determine the required ecological flow value. Combined with hydrological conditions in different seasons and periods, the flow characteristics of wide-load turbines under different loads are analyzed to determine the ecological flow requirements of wide-load turbines.

[0063] Based on the design parameters, operating parameters, and ecological flow requirements of the wide-load runner, the historical operating data of the wide-load runner were determined.

[0064] It should be noted that, based on the needs of the river ecosystem, such as fish migration, vegetation growth, and water quality maintenance, the required ecological flow value is determined, as well as the hydrological conditions of different seasons and periods, such as the dry season and the wet season. The flow characteristics of the turbine runner under different loads are analyzed. In particular, the flow characteristics of the turbine runner under different loads are studied, including the relationship between flow rate, head, speed and efficiency. The influence of turbine design parameters such as runner diameter, blade angle and rated flow on flow capacity is considered, and the influence of actual operating conditions such as water level fluctuations and sediment content on flow rate is analyzed.

[0065] In this embodiment, the collected historical operating data of the wide-load turbine is preprocessed, including:

[0066] Clean the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller to remove noise data that is not useful for correcting the overflow rate of the wide-load impeller.

[0067] The historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner is examined to identify duplicate, missing, and outlier values. Duplicate values ​​are removed, and unique data records are retained.

[0068] Determine whether missing and outlier values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller are useful for correcting the overflow rate of the wide-load impeller. If they are useful, use the average to fill in the missing values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller and use the median to replace the outlier values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller. If they are not useful, delete the missing and outlier values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller directly.

[0069] It should be noted that by cleaning the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller, noisy data, duplicate values, and missing and outlier values ​​that are not useful for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load impeller can be removed. Furthermore, missing and outlier values ​​that are useful for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load impeller in the historical operating data can be filled and replaced, which can improve the accuracy of subsequent processing of the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller and improve data quality.

[0070] In this embodiment, the preprocessing of the collected historical operating data of the wide-load turbine also includes:

[0071] The historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners is normalized to convert the historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners into a unified data format, remove the dimensional differences in the historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners, and determine the standardized historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners.

[0072] Feature extraction is performed on the historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner. Features useful for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load turbine runner are extracted from the historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner, and the historical operating characteristic data of the wide-load turbine runner are determined.

[0073] It should be noted that by normalizing and extracting features from the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller, it is easier to analyze the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller in the future, and then establish a mathematical model of the flow rate of the wide-load impeller.

[0074] In this embodiment, a mathematical model for the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is constructed, including:

[0075] The historical operating characteristic data of the wide-load turbine were divided to determine the training set and the test set;

[0076] Based on machine learning technology, a training set is used to train the machine learning model, enabling the machine learning model to autonomously learn the calculation behavior of wide-load impeller flow rate and predict the wide-load impeller flow rate, thus determining the mathematical model of wide-load impeller flow rate based on machine learning.

[0077] The machine learning-based mathematical model for wide-load rotary flow rate was tested using a test set, and the effectiveness of the machine learning-based mathematical model for wide-load rotary flow rate was evaluated.

[0078] Based on the test and evaluation results, the parameters of the machine learning-based wide-load turbine flow rate mathematical model were adjusted, and the model was continuously optimized to determine the optimal model. Considering ecological flow requirements, ecological flow constraints were incorporated into the model to ensure that flow allocation meets ecological protection needs.

[0079] Based on the mathematical model of the flow rate of the wide-load impeller, the real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is analyzed, the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is calculated, and the flow rate result of the wide-load impeller is determined.

[0080] In this embodiment, calculating the flow rate of the wide-load impeller includes:

[0081] Obtain the optimal mathematical model for wide-load impeller flow rate and deploy it in the actual wide-load impeller flow rate correction environment.

[0082] Real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is collected and input into the optimal mathematical model of wide-load impeller flow rate. The real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is analyzed based on the optimal mathematical model of wide-load impeller flow rate, the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is calculated, and the flow rate result of the wide-load impeller is determined.

[0083] It should be noted that by analyzing the real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller using a mathematical model of the wide-load impeller flow rate, the flow rate of the wide-load impeller can be calculated. This allows for the correction of the flow rate of the wide-load impeller based on the calculated flow rate, ensuring that it meets the ecological flow requirements.

[0084] The flow rate of the wide-load impeller is analyzed, and the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is corrected according to the analysis. The real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is adjusted in real time, and the flow rate correction method of the wide-load impeller is optimized in a closed loop to meet the ecological flow requirements.

[0085] In this embodiment, the overflow rate of the wide-load impeller is corrected, including:

[0086] The flow rate of the wide-load turbine is compared and analyzed with the set ecological flow threshold to determine whether the flow rate of the wide-load turbine meets the ecological flow requirements.

[0087] When the overcurrent of the wide-load turbine does not meet the ecological flow requirements, a method for correcting the overcurrent of the wide-load turbine is formulated and applied to the actual ecological flow power generation process.

[0088] The overflow rate of the wide-load impeller is corrected based on the established method for correcting the overflow rate of the wide-load impeller, and the real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is adjusted in real time.

[0089] The corrected flow rate of the wide-load impeller is monitored in real time to verify whether it meets the ecological flow requirements. Based on the verification results, the method for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is optimized in a closed loop to ensure that it meets the ecological flow requirements.

[0090] In this embodiment, the proposed method for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is to adjust the guide vane opening and rotational speed of the wide-load impeller to correct the flow rate.

[0091] It should be noted that by adjusting the guide vane opening and rotational speed of the wide-load impeller, the flow rate can be corrected to meet the ecological flow requirements.

[0092] In one embodiment, the method for correcting the overflow of a wide-load impeller when the overflow does not meet the ecological flow requirements includes:

[0093] The flow difference between the wide-load impeller flow rate and the set ecological flow threshold is obtained. When the flow difference is positive, the adjustment method is determined to be to decrease the guide vane opening and decrease the impeller speed. When the flow difference is negative, the adjustment method is determined to increase the guide vane opening and increase the impeller speed.

[0094] Based on the operating conditions of the wide-load runner, the primary adjustment range of the guide vane opening and the primary adjustment range of the runner speed are set. The wide-load runner is adjusted according to the primary adjustment range of the opening and the primary adjustment range of the speed, and the current operating data after adjustment is obtained.

[0095] The formula for calculating the single-stage adjustment range of the guide vane opening is as follows: in, This indicates the range of adjustment for one opening. This indicates the historical average adjustment range of the opening degree within a preset historical time period. Indicates the difference in flow rate. This indicates the preset flow difference. The value represents the operating stability coefficient of the wide-load runner, and its range is (0.5, 1). This indicates the maximum opening of the guide vane under safe operating conditions. This represents the minimum opening of the guide vane under the condition of maintaining the minimum required operation, and e represents the natural constant, which takes a value of 2.72;

[0096] The formula for calculating the single-stage speed adjustment range of the set rotor speed is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] in, Indicates the speed adjustment range in one operation. This indicates the historical average speed adjustment range within a preset historical time period. This indicates the maximum rotational speed of the rotor under safe operating conditions. This indicates the minimum rotational speed required to maintain the minimum operating speed of the impeller.

[0099] In this embodiment, the greater the operating stability coefficient of the wide-load impeller, the greater the adjustable range.

[0100] In this embodiment, the greater the difference between the wide-load impeller flow rate result and the set ecological flow threshold and the preset flow rate difference, the greater the adjustable range setting.

[0101] In this embodiment, the greater the difference between the maximum and minimum opening, the greater the adjustable range setting.

[0102] In this embodiment, adjustments are made according to the primary adjustment range of the guide vane opening and the primary adjustment range of the runner speed, which can achieve fine-tuning of the opening and speed, avoiding instability of the runner under wide loads or causing a large impact on the power grid.

[0103] In this embodiment, a smaller value is selected from the calculation results based on the current operating parameters and the historical average results. This avoids excessive adjustment that could cause instability in the operation of the wide-load impeller, and also improves the accuracy of the adjustment.

[0104] The beneficial effects of the above design scheme are as follows: By obtaining the flow difference between the wide-load impeller flow rate and the set ecological flow threshold, when the flow difference is positive, the adjustment method is determined to be to decrease the guide vane opening and decrease the impeller speed; when the flow difference is negative, the adjustment method is determined to increase the guide vane opening and increase the impeller speed. This ensures the correctness of the directional adjustment of the opening and speed. Based on the operating conditions of the wide-load impeller, the primary adjustment range of the guide vane opening and the primary adjustment range of the impeller speed are set. The wide-load impeller is adjusted according to the primary adjustment range of the opening and speed, and the current operating data after adjustment is obtained. A step-by-step fine-tuning method is adopted, adjusting a small amount each time, to achieve fine adjustment of the wide-load impeller and improve the stability and accuracy of the adjustment.

[0105] In one embodiment, the method for correcting the overcurrent flow rate of a wide-load impeller further includes:

[0106] Input the current operating data into the mathematical model of the wide-load impeller flow rate to obtain the current flow rate result of the wide-load impeller;

[0107] Based on the latest difference between the current overflow rate and the set ecological flow threshold, fine adjustments are made according to the adjustment method, the adjustment range of the opening degree, and the adjustment range of the rotation speed. The adjustments are repeated until the latest overflow rate meets the ecological flow requirements.

[0108] When the operating state of the wide-load turbine meets the ecological flow requirements, the current operating efficiency of the wide-load turbine is obtained;

[0109] Determine whether the current operating efficiency is not less than the historical operating efficiency;

[0110] If so, continue running with the current operating parameters;

[0111] Otherwise, optimize the guide vane opening and impeller speed, specifically as follows:

[0112] The guide vane opening is finely adjusted in the opposite direction to the previous adjustment according to the opening adjustment range, and the rotor speed is adaptively finely adjusted according to the speed adjustment range based on the ecological flow demand. After repeating the above optimization method for a preset number of times, it is determined whether the latest operating efficiency is not less than the historical operating efficiency.

[0113] If so, run the program with the optimized operating parameters.

[0114] Otherwise, the rotor speed is fine-tuned in the opposite direction to the previous adjustment by adjusting the speed by one adjustment range, and the guide vane opening is adaptively fine-tuned by adjusting the opening by one adjustment range based on the ecological flow requirements.

[0115] If optimizing the guide vane opening and the runner speed cannot result in the latest operating efficiency being greater than or equal to the historical operating efficiency, it is determined that the operating status of the guide vane opening and the runner speed does not affect the operating efficiency, and other operating parameters are investigated.

[0116] In this embodiment, the guide vane opening is fine-tuned in the opposite direction to the previous adjustment by adjusting the opening by one step, and the rotor speed is adaptively fine-tuned by adjusting the rotational speed by one step based on ecological flow requirements. After repeating the above optimization method for a preset number of times, it is determined whether the latest operating efficiency is not less than the historical operating efficiency. The order of these two adjustments—fine-tuning the rotor speed by adjusting the rotational speed by one step to the opposite direction to the previous adjustment and adaptively fine-tuning the guide vane opening by one step based on ecological flow requirements—can be interchanged.

[0117] In this embodiment, since the changes in opening degree and rotational speed cause changes in operating efficiency, the opening degree and rotational speed must first be analyzed and eliminated.

[0118] In this embodiment, the guide vane opening is adaptively fine-tuned according to the single opening adjustment range to ensure that the flow rate requirement is met.

[0119] In this embodiment, the preset number of times is set in advance according to the actual situation, so as to meet the verification requirements without excessive verification, thereby avoiding the impact on the normal operation of the wide-load rotor.

[0120] The beneficial effects of the above design scheme are as follows: Current operating data is input into the mathematical model of the wide-load impeller's flow rate to obtain the current flow rate result. Based on the latest difference between the current flow rate result and the set ecological flow threshold, fine adjustments are made according to the adjustment method, the magnitude of a single opening adjustment, and the magnitude of a single speed adjustment. These adjustments are repeated until the latest flow rate result meets the ecological flow requirements. A step-by-step fine-tuning method is used, adjusting a small amount each time to achieve precise adjustment of the wide-load impeller, improving the stability and accuracy of the adjustment. When the wide-load impeller's operating state meets the ecological flow requirements, the current operating efficiency of the wide-load impeller is obtained. If the current operating efficiency is lower than the historical operating efficiency, the guide vane opening and impeller speed are optimized. After setting the control adjustment for the opening or speed, the remaining adjustment parameter is adaptively set. This ensures that while investigating the causes of decreased operating efficiency, the wide-load impeller's operation meets the ecological flow requirements, ensuring stable operation under new operating conditions and meeting the required operating efficiency. This guarantees that the wide-load impeller achieves efficient and stable operation while meeting the ecological flow requirements.

[0121] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0122] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation, characterized in that, include: Based on the needs of the river ecosystem, historical operating data of wide-load turbines were collected and preprocessed to construct a mathematical model of the flow rate of wide-load turbines. Based on the mathematical model of the flow rate of the wide-load impeller, the real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is analyzed, the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is calculated, and the flow rate result of the wide-load impeller is determined. The flow rate of the wide-load impeller is analyzed, and the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is corrected according to the analysis. The real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is adjusted in real time, and the flow rate correction method of the wide-load impeller is optimized in a closed loop to meet the ecological flow requirements. The flow rate of the wide-load turbine is compared and analyzed with the set ecological flow threshold to determine whether the flow rate of the wide-load turbine meets the ecological flow requirements. When the flow rate of a wide-load turbine runner does not meet the ecological flow requirements, a method for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load turbine runner is formulated, including: The flow difference between the wide-load impeller flow rate and the set ecological flow threshold is obtained. When the flow difference is positive, the adjustment method is determined to be to decrease the guide vane opening and decrease the impeller speed. When the flow difference is negative, the adjustment method is determined to increase the guide vane opening and increase the impeller speed. Based on the operating conditions of the wide-load runner, the primary adjustment range of the guide vane opening and the primary adjustment range of the runner speed are set. The wide-load runner is adjusted according to the primary adjustment range of the opening and the primary adjustment range of the speed, and the current operating data after adjustment is obtained. The formula for calculating the single-stage adjustment range of the guide vane opening is as follows: in, This indicates the range of adjustment for one opening. This indicates the historical average adjustment range of the opening degree within a preset historical time period. Indicates the difference in flow rate. This indicates the preset flow difference. The value represents the operating stability coefficient of the wide-load runner, and its range is (0.5, 1). This indicates the maximum opening of the guide vane under safe operating conditions. This represents the minimum opening of the guide vane under the condition of maintaining the minimum required operation, and e represents the natural constant, which takes a value of 2.72; The formula for calculating the single-stage speed adjustment range of the set rotor speed is as follows: in, Indicates the speed adjustment range in one operation. This indicates the historical average speed adjustment range within a preset historical time period. This indicates the maximum rotational speed of the rotor under safe operating conditions. This indicates the minimum rotational speed required to maintain the minimum operating speed of the impeller.

2. The method for correcting the overcurrent of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Collect historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners, including: The runner diameter, number of blades, blade angle, runner inlet and outlet geometry, rated flow rate and rated power of the wide-load runner are collected to determine the design parameters of the wide-load runner; The head, flow rate, rotational speed, guide vane opening, sediment content, water temperature, air pressure and humidity of the wide-load runner are collected during operation to determine the operating parameters of the wide-load runner; Ecological flow required for the health of river ecosystems is collected to determine the required ecological flow value. Combined with hydrological conditions in different seasons and periods, the flow characteristics of wide-load turbines under different loads are analyzed to determine the ecological flow requirements of wide-load turbines. Based on the design parameters, operating parameters, and ecological flow requirements of the wide-load runner, the historical operating data of the wide-load runner were determined.

3. The method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The collected historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner is preprocessed, including: Clean the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller to remove noise data that is not useful for correcting the overflow rate of the wide-load impeller. The historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner is examined to identify duplicate, missing, and outlier values. Duplicate values ​​are removed, and unique data records are retained. Determine whether missing and outlier values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller are useful for correcting the overflow rate of the wide-load impeller. If they are useful, use the average to fill in the missing values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller and use the median to replace the outlier values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller. If they are not useful, delete the missing and outlier values ​​in the historical operating data of the wide-load impeller directly.

4. The method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Preprocessing of the collected historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners also includes: The historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners is normalized to convert the historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners into a unified data format, remove the dimensional differences in the historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners, and determine the standardized historical operating data of wide-load turbine runners. Feature extraction is performed on the historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner. Features useful for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load turbine runner are extracted from the historical operating data of the wide-load turbine runner, and the historical operating characteristic data of the wide-load turbine runner are determined.

5. The method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Constructing a mathematical model for the flow rate of a wide-load impeller includes: The historical operating characteristic data of the wide-load turbine were divided to determine the training set and the test set; Based on machine learning technology, a training set is used to train the machine learning model, enabling the machine learning model to autonomously learn the calculation behavior of wide-load impeller flow rate and predict the wide-load impeller flow rate, thus determining the mathematical model of wide-load impeller flow rate based on machine learning. The machine learning-based mathematical model for wide-load rotary flow rate was tested using a test set, and the effectiveness of the machine learning-based mathematical model for wide-load rotary flow rate was evaluated. Based on the test and evaluation results, the parameters of the machine learning-based wide-load impeller flow rate mathematical model were adjusted, and the model was continuously optimized to determine the optimal model.

6. The method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Calculating the flow rate of a wide-load impeller includes: Obtain the optimal mathematical model for wide-load impeller flow rate and deploy it in the actual wide-load impeller flow rate correction environment. Real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is collected and input into the optimal mathematical model of wide-load impeller flow rate. The real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is analyzed based on the optimal mathematical model of wide-load impeller flow rate, the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is calculated, and the flow rate result of the wide-load impeller is determined.

7. The method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Correction is made for the flow rate of the wide-load impeller, including: The flow rate of the wide-load turbine is compared and analyzed with the set ecological flow threshold to determine whether the flow rate of the wide-load turbine meets the ecological flow requirements. When the overcurrent of the wide-load turbine does not meet the ecological flow requirements, a method for correcting the overcurrent of the wide-load turbine is formulated and applied to the actual ecological flow power generation process. The overflow rate of the wide-load impeller is corrected based on the established method for correcting the overflow rate of the wide-load impeller, and the real-time operating data of the wide-load impeller is adjusted in real time. The corrected flow rate of the wide-load impeller is monitored in real time to verify whether it meets the ecological flow requirements. Based on the verification results, the method for correcting the flow rate of the wide-load impeller is optimized in a closed loop to ensure that it meets the ecological flow requirements.

8. The method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The established method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load impeller involves adjusting the guide vane opening and rotational speed of the wide-load impeller to correct the flow rate.

9. The method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load turbine in ecological flow power generation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The formulation of a method for correcting the flow rate of a wide-load impeller also includes: Input the current operating data into the mathematical model of the wide-load impeller flow rate to obtain the current flow rate result of the wide-load impeller; Based on the latest difference between the current overflow rate and the set ecological flow threshold, fine adjustments are made according to the adjustment method, the adjustment range of the opening degree, and the adjustment range of the rotation speed. The adjustments are repeated until the latest overflow rate meets the ecological flow requirements. When the operating state of the wide-load turbine meets the ecological flow requirements, the current operating efficiency of the wide-load turbine is obtained; Determine whether the current operating efficiency is not less than the historical operating efficiency; If so, continue running with the current operating parameters; Otherwise, optimize the guide vane opening and impeller speed, specifically as follows: The guide vane opening is finely adjusted in the opposite direction to the previous adjustment according to the opening adjustment range, and the rotor speed is adaptively finely adjusted according to the speed adjustment range based on the ecological flow demand. After repeating the above optimization method for a preset number of times, it is determined whether the latest operating efficiency is not less than the historical operating efficiency. If so, run the program with the optimized operating parameters. Otherwise, the rotor speed is fine-tuned in the opposite direction to the previous adjustment by adjusting the speed by one adjustment range, and the guide vane opening is adaptively fine-tuned by adjusting the opening by one adjustment range based on the ecological flow requirements. If optimizing the guide vane opening and the runner speed cannot result in the latest operating efficiency being greater than or equal to the historical operating efficiency, it is determined that the operating status of the guide vane opening and the runner speed does not affect the operating efficiency, and other operating parameters are investigated.

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